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Aim. To reveal the associations of carotid arteries atherosclerosis severity and cardiovascular events in mostly middle aged population.Material and methods. In the study, 1100 persons participated of the ATHEROGEN-Ivanovo trial (substudy of ESSE-RF), age 40-67 y. o. All participants underwent duplex scan of carotid arteries (Samsung Medison MySono U6) with assessment of the number of atherosclerotic plaques (AP), maximum stenosis and total stenosis with calculation of gender-specific quintiles. With the Cox regression model, risk was estimated for combinatory endpoint including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, novel onset of coronary heart disease, stroke, any area revascularization. Median follow-up 3,8 years.Results. The AP were found in 74,5% males and 58,0% females. In males atherosclerosis was more severe: maximum stenosis 27 (0-34)% in males vs 22 (0-58)% in females (р

Nutrition, in general, and physical activity do determine the level of health of an individual and population in general.Aim. To evaluate the characteristics of nutrition and food-related behavior in adult population of Russia currently.Material and methods. The study materials were representative selections of non-organized male and female inhabitants of 25-64 y. o. (n=22258, males 8519, females 13698) of 13 regions of Russia РФ. Nutrition characteristics were evaluated by the rate of the main meal types consumption and selected routines of food-related behavior (salt added, animal fats in cooking). Quantitative evaluation was done for: red meat, fish and seafoods, poultry, fresh vegetables and fruits.Results. Every day the raw vegetables and fruits are added to the meals only in 59,7% of citizens, with the mean number of portions — 1,48±0,8. High level of dairy food was noted: 49,7% do consume milk, joghurt, sour milk every day, 40,4% — cheese, 18,9% — quark, 20,6% — sour creme and creme. The meat is added to diet in 42,9% of inhabitants. Recommended level of meat consumption as a healthy nutrition, do follow only 40,2% of participants. Poultry consumption level is at 27,5% — lower than meat. Low rate of fish consumption is found in 34,9%. Preserved with salt and vinegar products are consumed by 10,1% and a third of inhabitants (32,4%) does consume these not rarer than 1-2 times a week. The level of sausages consumption is high — at 22,5%. Almost a half of participants (47,6%) consume pastry and confectionery every day, and 28,0% — 1-2 times weekly. About a quarter, 24,4% do voluntarily decrease the rate of pastry consumption. Behavior of addition of salt to a prepared meal do have 40,5%. It was noted that 72,5% use butter for a “morning sandvich”. High fat dairies consumption is about 74,0%. Only plant oils are in use for cooking in 95,4% of participants.Conclusion. In the nutrition related behavior of adult population of Russia currently there are positive as well as negative components, from the perspective of socially significant diseases development.

In the work, the results presented, gathered in the multicenter study ESSE-RF, and characterizing factors associated with insufficient control of blood pressure (BP) in arterial hypertension (AH) patients.Aim. Evaluation of the factors associated with insufficient BP control in Russian males and females age 25-64 y. o., with AH, by the ESSE-RF data.Material and methods. Representative selections were assessed of 13 regions of Russia, males (n=5563) and females (n=9737) 25-64 y. o., investigated in 2012-2013 y. Systematic stratified multistage random selection was applied. Response about 80%. All participants were surveyed with a standard questionnaire (demography, anamnesis, wealth). Mean values were calculated (M±m), quintiles and ranges. Methods of analytical statistics were applied: dispersion-co variation, logistic regression, odds ratio.Results. Two groups were revealed, with raised BP, that differ basically. Group one, those with BP higher than 140/90 mm Hg, not taking antihypertensive medication, and group two — those who take medications, but do not reach target BP. Group one consists of men almost 2 times more, with risk factors, but no cardiovascular diseases in anamnesis. Only the heart rate (HR) and alcohol overconsumption significantly positively correlate with the treatment absence in men — OR=1,49 (p

Aim. To assess the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency denervation of pulmonary artery (PA) with the Simplicity system in patients with residual pulmonary hypertension (PH) after the thromberarterectomy surgery.Material and methods. To the study, 12 patients included, with the signs of residual PH (by echocardiography data, mean PH pressure ≥25 mmHg), who had undergone surgery (thrombendarcterectomy) for chronic thromboembolic PH. Mean time interval between the diagnosis of PH and pulmonary denervation was 8,5 years. After catheterization of the right chambers of the heart and tensiometry in small circle circulation, the spot circular radiofrequency denervation performed of the right and left PH at the area of ostia, with ablation catheter Simplicity. The success was defined by decrease of mean PA pressure >10 mmHg, absence of complications, exercise tolerance increase after the procedure immediately and in 12 months.Results. At long term period after the intervention there was significant decrease of mean PA pressure from 58±6 to 33±4 mmHg (p

Friedreich’s ataxia (FA) is one of the most prevalent variants of the inherited ataxias. The disease is characterized by complicated phenotype that includes neurological signs (ataxia, sensory polyneuropathy, dysarthria, disorders of deep sensitivity, areflexia, pyramid symptoms with lower extremities involvement, vegetative disorders, sometimes — psychopathological symptoms), cardiological disorders (cardiomyopathy, heart failure, arrhythmias), and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, and skeletal deformities. If neurological disorders lead to significant decrease of life quality and disability, cardiovascular complications are the main cause of fatal outcome in FA. It is worthy to mention that involvement of the heart into pathological process might long remain undiagnosed.Recently, most of abroad and local publications on FA are related to neurological presentation. Cardiovascular side of the problem in the scientific society remains underestimated, regardless the risk of sudden death and of heart failure (due to symmetric myocardial hypertrophy with the areas of intramyocardial fibrosis) being high.We present clinical and genetic observation of a 27-year old patient with FA, moderate neurological disorders and severe myocardial hypertrophy. The article is focused on the contemporary clinical and diagnostic aspects of FA associated cardiomyopathy.

Aim. To perform clinical and instrumental examination and genetic testing using the method of exome sequencing of proband and his relatives of 1 and 2 degrees of kinship with myofibrillary myopathy and non-compaction cardiomyopathy.Material and methods. The object of the study: proband with non-compaction cardiomyopathy and his relatives of 1 and 2 degrees of kinship. All participants underwent clinical and instrumental examination including: blood collection for genetic testing, complete cell blood count, biochemical blood assay (levels of total protein, alanine-aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, uric acid, potassium, sodium, creatinekinase, MB-fraction of creatinekinase, brain natriuretic peptides, C-reactive protein), coagulation profile (partial thromboplastin time, thrombin clotting time, levels of antithrombin III, INR, D-dimer), ECG, Holter ECG monitoring, cardiac MRI). The non-compaction myocardium was diagnosed according to echocardiographic criteria of non-compaction myocardium. Sequencing was performed with genomic sequenator Illumina HiSeq 1500 (Illumina, USA). Genomic libraries were prepared with Kapa Library Amplification Kit (Roche, Switzerland), NimbleGen SeqCap EZ Exome v3.0 (Roche, Switzerland) were used for exome enrichment. Then bioinformatic analysis was done; variants in 188 genes associated with any cardiomyopathy development were prioritized and assessed for pathogenenity.Results. Proband was diagnosed with myofibrillar myopathy and familial form of non-compaction cardiomyopathy (according to MRI and echocardiographic criteria). Novel probably pathogenic variant was found in DES gene — c.330_338del. Other pathogenic and probably pathogenic variants were not found. Conclusion. Novel variant of DES gene c.330_338del is probably responsible for the development of myofibrillar myopathy and non-compaction cardiomyopathy.

Aim. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of 11 singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and production factors to the development of arterial hypertension (AH) in men in an organized workers cohort of machinebuilding plant.Material and methods. The study included men aged 20-65 years who had contact with production factors (PF) during at least 50% of the working time. Genotyping of 11 SNPs was performed using TaqMan real-time PCR. Data statistical analysis was carried out using statistica 8.0 and SAS, v. 6.12 software.Results. 583 men were included in the study, 205 of those had AH, 378 did not. The groups differed significantly in age, presence of higher education, the frequency of combination of two or more components of the metabolic syndrome and the severity of its individual components: weight, waist circumference, level of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose. As a result of genotyping, it was found that the frequency distribution of genotypes between groups with and without AH significantly differed for two SNPs — rs2932538 (p=0,0414) in the MOV10 gene and rs4373814 (p=0,0344) in the CACNB2 gene. Combining information on several SNPs in the genetic risk SCORE (GRS) it was shown that the mean value of the total GRS in the groups with and without AH was 0,0382±0,119 and 0,0195±0,111, correspondingly. The differences between the groups were significant (p=0,032). Based on the results of multivariate analysis, it was shown that the independent factors associated with the presence of AH in participants were age (OR=1,057 (1,037-1,076), p=0,0001), the presence of two or more components of the metabolic syndrome (OR=2,519 (1,621-3,914), p=0,0001) and the total GRS, consisting of 11 SNP (OR=1,479 (1,02-2,143), p=0,04). PF adjusting for the age were not associated with the presence of AH.Conclusion. In men, who had direct contact with PF at machine-building plant, GRS consisting of 11 SNPs was an independent factor influencing the presence of AH. The results show the necessity of practical USAge of genetic tests together with traditional risk factors assessment with the aim for increase of AH risk estimation precision and for carrying out individual prevention.

Telomeres and telomerase complex have got be known by scientists not long ago. At the current moment there quite large data on this topic collected. The row of diseases has been described that are caused by "shelterin" genes mutations, genes of telomerase complex subunits genes associated with telomeres. There is direct correlation of telomere length decrease and the risk of variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disorders. The review concerns on history, structure andfunction of telomeres and telomerase complex; the diseases are described that occur due to the damage of the structures mentioned.