Search

This article is devoted the investigation ofcriminological factors establishing of criminal liability for the illegal searching works on the object of archaeological inheritance, destruction or damage of cultural inheritance. Researched social danger, the relative prevalence and dynamics ofcommitting the offenses under Art. 298 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

У статті досліджуються різновиди та особливості суб’єкта незаконного проведення пошукових робіт на об’єкті археологічної спадщини, знищення, руйнування або пошкодження об’єктів культурної спадщини.

Досліджено кримінальну відповідальність за посягання на культурні цінності за Кримінальним кодексом України та законодавством таких країн, як Російська Федерація, Республіка Білорусь, Республіка Туркменістан, Республіка Узбекистан, Киргизька Республіка, Республіка Польща, Данія, Франція, Китайська Народна Республіка

Досліджено історію становлення і розвитку законодавства України у сфері охорони об’єктів археологічної та культурної спадщини.

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the subject aspect of the unlawful carrying out of the archaeological explorations, excavations, other earth-moving and submarine works at the object of the archaeological heritage (according to the Criminal Code of Ukraine part 1,Article 298). During carrying out of the analysis of the subject aspect of the given crime such important characteristics of guilt as essence, extent of guilt, form and content of it have been revealed. The possibility of the commitment of a crime specified by the Criminal Code of Ukraine part 1, Article 298 both with the special intent and with the criminal negligence has been given grounds

The article is devoted to the study of the objective aspect of transferring or collecting data constituting proprietary information collected in the course of operational and investigative, counterintelligence activities in the field of defense of the country. It is established that the objective side of this criminal offense is expressed in two forms: 1) transfer of data constituting proprietary information collected in the course of operational and investigative, counterintelligence activities in the field of defense of the country to foreign enterprises, institutions, organizations or their representatives; 2) collection of such data for the purpose of transferring to foreign enterprises, institutions, organizations or their representatives. The transfer takes place when a person possesses them and communicates (transmits, delivers) them to foreign enterprises, institutions, organizations or their representatives. The methods of transmission may be different (oral, written, direct familiarization with any materials, transmission via the Internet, by telephone, using caches, couriers, etc.) It also does not matter whether the transferred sources are copies or only information about them. The collection of data constituting official information collected in the course of operational, investigative, counterintelligence activities in the field of national defense should be understood as active actions to search for, concentrate (summarize, generalize) and record (image, photograph, copy, memorize) information. The peculiarity of the transfer and collection of information constituting proprietary information collected in the course of operational and investigative, counterintelligence, and defense activities is that it becomes the property of only foreign enterprises, institutions, organizations, or their representatives, and not of any interested person. Part 1 of Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine does not provide for the occurrence of socially dangerous consequences, and, therefore, is not a mandatory feature of the objective side of this criminal offense. The criminal offense under Article 330 of the CC of Ukraine is considered completed either from the moment of transmission or from the moment of collection of information for the purpose of its transmission. The content of the objective side of this criminal offense includes its optional features - method, means, place, time and setting of the commission. These features are a set of specific conditions under which a criminal offense is committed, the objective side develops and a criminal offense result occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]