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Atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) emerge as fascinating synthons in self‐assembled materials. The self‐assembly of metal NCs are highly sensitive to the environment because they have an inorganic‐organic hybridized structure and a relatively complicated conformation. Here, it is shown that when confined in crowded colloids, a water‐soluble Ag9‐cored nanocluster (Ag9‐NC) can self‐ assemble into ultra‐long (up to millimeters) and photoluminescent ribbons with high flexibility. The ribbon contains rectangularly organized columns of Ag9‐NCs and can undergo secondary self‐assembly to form bundled and branched structures. Formation of ribbons is observed in all the tested colloids, including lyotropic liquid crystals and disordered, three‐dimensional network. The high viscosity/elasticity of the crowded colloids weakens gravity‐induced sedimentation of the ribbons, leading to the formation of an interesting class of inorganic‐organic composite materials where the hard Ag‐containing skeleton strengthens the soft matter. The simultaneously occurring symmetry breaking during the self‐assembly of Ag9‐NCs gives uncontrolled supramolecular chirality, which can be tuned through the majority rule and soldier‐and‐sergeant rule by the introduction of chiral seeds. The regulated chirality and the intrinsic photoluminescence of the Ag9‐NCs ribbons impart the composite material circularly polarized luminescence, opening the door for a variety of potential applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines several unobserved variations of realizable Classical Greek wishes which radically change our conception of them. Using the layered approach to clause structure from Functional Discourse Grammar, I demonstrate that the wish optative has both a semantic and a pragmatic illocutionary value. Semantically, the wish optative, in Classical Greek, is non-subjective epistemic (instead of the previously proposed deontic) as witnessed by its contextual communicative value and its (infrequent) combinations with the subjective particles ἄρα and ἦ. Realizable wishes have their own specific illocutionary value and sincerity condition. They express the speaker's psychological commitment to a realizable state of affairs for several contextual reasons. I argue that εἴθε and εἰ γάρ, which, contrary to common opinion, are highly infrequent with wish optatives, are contextually motivated illocutionary particles. The particles occur when the speaker's current psychological commitment has not been sufficiently established in the interlocutor(s)' Common Ground, which contains "the sum of [interlocutors'] mutual, common, or joint knowledge, beliefs, and suppositions" (Clark 1996: 96). The particle νυν combined with the wish optative, a combination which was overlooked in analyses of νυν, marks the Discourse Act of the wish illocution as consequential from the previous acts in the Common Ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper challenges the commonly held view that the Classical Greek potential optative has a subjective epistemic semantics, the result of a conceptual confusion of subjectivity and epistemic modality inherited from our standard grammars. I propose that this view becomes less convincing when the optative's unique interaction with the subjective particles ἦ and ἄρα is incorporated into the analysis. Rather, the potential optative has a non-subjective epistemic semantics presenting an epistemic judgment as interpersonally accessible to the conversational participants. Frequencies of combination with ἦ and ἄρα, linguistic tests for subjectivity on the potential optative, and contrastive contextual analyses corroborate this view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the notion of strictly (α,η,ψ,ξ)-contractive multi-valued mappings is introduced where the continuity of ξ is relaxed. The existence of fixed point theorems for such mappings in the setting of α-η-complete partial metric spaces are provided. The results of the paper can be viewed as the extension of the recent results obtained in the literature. Furthermore, we assure the fixed point theorems in partial complete metric spaces endowed with an arbitrary binary relation and with a graph using our obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the long history of effect size (ES) indices (Olejnik and Algina Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 241-286 ) and various attempts by APA and AERA to encourage the reporting and interpretation of ES to supplement findings from inferential statistical analyses, it is essential to document the impact of APA and AERA standards on ES reporting practices. In this paper, we investigated the impact by examining findings from 31 published reviews and our own review of 451 articles published in 2009 and 2010. The 32 reviews were divided into two periods: before and after 1999. A total of 116 journals were reviewed. Findings from these 32 reviews revealed that since 1999, the ES reporting has improved in terms of its rate, variety, interpretation, confidence intervals, and fullness. Yet several inadequate practices still persisted: (1) the dominance of Cohen's d, and the unadjusted R/η, (2) the mere labeling of ES, (3) the under-reporting of confidence intervals, and (4) a lack of integration between ES and statistical tests. The paper concludes with resources on Internet and recommendations for improving ES reporting practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In the first production run of the WASA experiment at COSY, the eta decay into three neutral pions was measured in proton–proton interactions at a proton beam kinetic energy of 1.4 GeV. The Dalitz plot of the three pions was studied using fully reconstructed events, and the quadratic slope parameter α was determined to be . The result is consistent with previous measurements and further corroborates the importance of pion–pion final state interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper, we introduce a new system of generalized mixed quasi-variational-like inclusions with ( A, η, m)-accretive operators and relaxed cocoercive mappings. By using the fixed point theorem of Nadler, we prove the existence of solutions for this general system of generalized mixed quasi-variational-like inclusions and its special cases. The results in this paper unify, extend and improve some known results in the literature. The novel proof method is simpler than those iterative algorithm approach for proving the existence of solutions of all classes of system of set-valued variational inclusions in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contact mass in the Rochow reaction was analyzed to understand catalyst deactivation during the reaction. Changes in crystalline structure, particle surface morphology, and the elemental composition of the contact mass were measured by XRD, SEM, EDX, and XRF, respectively, at four different reaction conversions. The results indicate that the main reason for contact-mass deactivation is copper enrichment on the surface of silicon. Coke deposition may hamper Cu diffusion and result in the copper enrichment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The precipitate size, distribution and volume fraction in an AlZnMgCu-1.0 wt.% Li alloys during various aging conditions were investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. According to the selected area diffraction patterns, the prime precipitates in this alloy are η′ phases, not δ′ phases. During the temperature ranging from 120 to 160 °C, the growing of precipitates in the 7055-1.0 wt.% alloys is not apparent. From 120 to 150 °C, the varieties of precipitate volume fraction depend on the competition between dissolution rate of GP zones and nucleation rate of η′. At 160 °C, the growing of η′ precipitates is undergoing a Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner coarsening process, and the prime thermodynamic reaction is the nucleation growth of η′ precipitates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

It is difficult for most inorganic chemists to be aware of the availability of the many new techniques, described largely in analytical chemistry, environmental chemistry, and biomedical journals, which are increasingly of value in the separation and characterization of complexes of transition metals. Additionally, the design and use of supported transition metal complexes as sites for molecular recognition in the separation of biomolecules and organic materials has the potential to dominate multi-billion dollar industries in proteins and chiral drugs. This review serves as a roadmap for inorganic chemists to the recent chromatographic literature. The review covers advances in separation methods that involve transition metal chemistry which have occurred in the decade of 1992 through early 2003 with 360 references. The review is intended to assist readers in finding key papers that illustrate techniques of chromatography that might be applicable to purposes in the reader’s laboratory. Covered topics include the standard separation of inorganic ions and metal complexes, capillary electrophoresis methods (CE, CZE, MEKC), electrochemical detection in flow methods by [Ru(bpy)3]3+/2+ cycling in response to analytes, separations of metal complexes of interest to environmental and biomedical disciplines via size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and detection methods with electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Advances in affinity chromatography in the separation of peptide, proteins and biopolymers (IMAC) and of organic substrates (IMCOS) are discussed. Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of chromatographic separations, and of the technique of polymer imprinting to produce selective recognition sites for metal ions and metal complexes are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The cationic manganese tricarbonyl complexes containing η6-2-methylhydroquinone (2a), η6-2,3-dimethylhydroquinone (3a), η6-2-t-butylhydroquinone (4a), η6-tetramethylhydroquinone (5a) and η6-4,4′-biphenol (6a) are readily deprotonated to the corresponding neutral (η5-semiquinone)Mn(CO)3 (2b–6b) and anionic (η4-quinone)Mn(CO)3− (2c–5c) complexes. The X-ray structures of 2b–6b feature strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions that result in the formation of supramolecular organometallic networks. Significantly, the substitution pattern at the semiquinone ring affects the stereochemistry of the hydrogen bonding interactions. NMR spectra of 2b, 3b and 5b reveal dynamic hydrogen bonding in solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Hydride ruthenium complexes, RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)2(L–L′) 3 (L–L′=bidentate ligand having nitrogen and oxygen) react with allenes to give Ru(η3-allyl)(CO)(PPh3)(L–L′) complexes 5 in good yields via hydrometalation reaction. The complexes 5 have planar chirality at the η3-allyl ligand and central chirality at the Ru metal, and consist of one pair of enantiomers. Ligand substitution reaction of Ru(η3-allyl)Cl(CO)(PPh3)2 complexes 6 with bidentate ligands (L–L′) also afford the complexes 5 which have the same stereochemistry as those formed by the hydrometalation reaction. The planar chirality is controlled by the central chirality at the Ru metal in both the formations of the complexes 5. The structure of 5a (L–L′=N–N bidentate ligand) was determined by the X-ray crystal structure analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

By means of arene ligand exchange of the triple deckers [{(η5-R1–5C5)Co}2-μ-(η4:η4-toluene)] (R1–5=Me, R1–3=tert-butyl) at room temperature a number of mono-, di-, and tri-nuclear sandwich complexes of the polycondensed aromatics polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) tetracene, benzo[a]pyrene, perylene, triphenylene and benzo[a]triphenylene have been synthesized. For triphenylene and benzo[b]triphenylene however, a threefold coordination of [(η5-C5Me5)Co] fragments in the periphery of these PAHs is found, tetracene allows for a twofold coordination of two [(η5-C5Me5)Co] fragments in the ring periphery leaving a central naphthalene unit of this PAH uncomplexed. Perylene serves as a twofold coordination site for [(η5-1,2,4 tri-tert-butyl-C5H2)Co] fragments which are coordinated in each of the two naphthalene fragments of this π-perimeter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The endo- and exo-complexes [Mo{η3-C3H4(CH3)}(η2-S2CNC4H8)(CO)(η2-diphos)] (diphos: dppm={bis(diphenylphosphino)methane} (2); dppe={1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane} (3) are prepared by reacting the 16-electron complex [Mo{η3-C3H4(CH3)}(η2-S2CNC4H8)(CO)2] (1) with diphos in refluxing acetonitrile. The orientations of endo and exo are defined in such a way that the open face of the allyl group and carbonyl group are in the same direction in the former and in the opposite direction in the latter. The variable temperature 1H NMR was used to confirm that there was no allyl rotation behavior of endo↔exo interconversion of 2 before the thermal decomposition. X-ray crystal structure of exo-2 has been employed to elucidate the exo orientation and the methyl moiety of the allyl ligand is found to orient away from the dppm ligand. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]