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The paper presents the results related to the development of a modular didactic laboratory set for the experimental study of friction and its implementation in engineering education. Successfully implemented in laboratory exercises and research, the modular set has been upgraded over time. A newly developed module is presented for investigating the kinetic coefficient of friction based on the differential equation of motion on an inclined plane. The authors deal with the most critical case - a free fall of a shell- shaped pin down the cylindrical guide when, theoretically, the friction force is equal to zero, while the air resistance force has a maximum value. Based on the time data recorded by inductive sensors, measurements were performed to determine the discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental acceleration values. After introducing the calculation model, the authors quantify very small energy "losses" and analyse the relationship between the unknown resistance force, caused primarily by the imperfections of the experiment, and the air resistance force.

Produljeni postpartalni anestrus negativno utječe na plodnost mliječnih krava i jedan je od najčešćih razloga izlučenja iz stada. Klinički se manifestira anovulatornim ciklusima, slabom ekspresijom estrusa, produženom lutealnom fazom. Negativni energetski balans smatra se najvažnijim uzrokom nastanka produljenog anestrusa. Učinkovita strategija odabira vremena prvog osjemenjivanja nakon teljenja važan je dio uspješnog managementa reprodukcije mliječnih krava. Razdoblje počeka definirano je vrijeme nakon porođaja tijekom kojeg krave nisu osjemenjivane, iako su možda pokazivale znakove estrusa. Odgoda rasplođivanja omogućuje potpunu involuciju maternice, oporavak od postporođajnih poremećaja i uspostavu normalne cikličnosti jajnika kako bi se poboljšao postotak koncepcije nakon umjetnog osjemenjivanja. Također, paritet može biti jedan od rizičnih čimbenika nastanka anestrusa. Podjela različitih tipova anestrusa temelji se na folikularnoj i lutealnoj dinamici jajnika. Podjela anestrusa na temelju folikularne dinamike jajnika bazira se na na promjeru folikula kroz tri faze razvoja, regrutaciju, selekciju i ovulaciju. Otkrivanje i prevencija rizičnih čimbenika koji dovode do nastanka anestrusa zasniva se na redovitom ocjenjivanju tjelesne kondicije, poboljšanju detekcije estrusa, ginekološkim pregledima tijekom puerperija, određivanju metabolita u krvi te kontroli lokomocijskog aparata. U uzgojima s lošom detekcijom estrusa koriste se sinkronizacijski protokoli. Jedan od najčešće korištenih u mliječnih krava je Ovsynch.

Dopamine receptors are divided into two subclasses: D1 like receptors (D1 and D5 subtypes) and D2 like receptors (D2, D3 and D4) [1]. Based on a general pharmacophore [2] we introduced the pentafluorosulfanyl moiety (SF5-) group as an interesting pharmacological tool to investigate D2 like receptors. This moiety displays high electronegativity and lipophilicity, while being thermally stable [3] and more resistant to hydrolysis in comparison to that of other polyfuorinated moieties (e.g. CF3 or OCF3). Four novel compounds with SF5 substituent have been synthesized, in silico and in vitro tested in order to examine their affinity and selectivity towards human dopamine D2 and D3 receptor subtypes. All compounds showed high affinity in the nanomolar concentration ranges at both receptors with ST 2200 expressing highest selectivity. In silico examination determined high values of coefficient of determination (R2) and Spearman correlation coefficient revealed good correlation between in silico parameters and experimentally obtained Ki values. These results show that pentafluorosulfanyl substituent is a highly suitable moiety for structural variations that has to be further investigated and could serve as novel substituent in numerous compound classes. IV annual COST ACTION CA15135 meeting Paul Ehrlich Euro-PhD Network & MuTaLig COST Action meeting 2019, June 13th-15th 2019 Italy

U radu se razmatra problem siromaštva djece koji je u današnje vrijeme u porastu te se ističe kao veći problem nego siromaštvo ukupne populacije. Svrha rada je produbiti spoznaju i razumijevanje siromaštva djece te ispitati percepciju učitelja razredne nastave na tu temu. Rad analizira i posljedice s kojima se djeca suočavaju kada odrastaju u uvjetima siromaštva, a koje na život djece utječu već od prenatalne dobi te ih tokom cijelog djetinjstva ostavljaju u nepovoljnijem položaju u odnosu na njihove vršnjake povoljnijeg materijalnog statusa. Posljedice mogu biti dugotrajne ili čak i trajne te tako ostaviti i posljedice u odrasloj dobi. U radu se ispituju atribucije uzroka siromaštva, stavovi prema djeci s iskustvom siromaštva i obrazovna očekivanja učitelja od učenika te međusobne povezanosti ovih varijabli. Rezultati pokazuju da učitelji razredne nastave uzroke siromaštva atribuiraju strukturalnim uzrocima, iskazuju pozitivne stavove prema siromaštvu djece te imaju visoka očekivanja od učenika. U radu se govori i o ulozi socijalnih radnika u borbi protiv siromaštva djece pri čemu se ističe potreba za promjenom načina rada s osobama u siromaštvu s ciljem prevencije i suzbijanja dugotrajnih posljedica., This paper discusses the problem of childhood poverty, which is nowadays on the rise, and stand out as a bigger problem than poverty of the total population. The purpose of this paper is to deepen the knowledge and understanding of childhood poverty and examine the perception of elementary school teachers on that subject. The paper analyzes the consequences they have to face when growing up in conditions of poverty. Poverty affects the lives of children from prenatal age and leaves them throughout childhood at a disadvantage in comparison to their peers more favorable economic status. The effects can be long-lasting or even permanent, and so leave the consequences in adulthood. This paper examines the attribution of the causes of poverty, attitudes on poverty and educational expectations of students and also the correlation of these variables. The results show that elementary school teachers attributed the causes of poverty in structural causes, expressed positive attitudes towards childhood poverty and have high expectations from students. The paper also discusses the role of social workers in the fight against childhood poverty while emphasizing the need to change models of work with people in poverty with a view to preventing and suppressing long-term consequences.

Introduction: Animal models enable the investigation of association between maternal inflammation during pregnancy and different neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring, which has been reported in epidemiological studies. Aim: Investigation of inflammation existence in female rats exposed to LPS during pregnancy and its influence on spatial memory impairment in offspring in Morris water maze. Material and methods: Pregnant Wistar females were exposed to LPS or saline (SAL) at gestational day 15 and 16 and their blood was taken for TNF-α concentration determination. Rats of both sexes (male - M, female - F) went through five-day memory acquisition and one-day memory retrieval test during two periods (35 - 39 postnatal day (P35-39) and P40; likewise P55-59 and P60). We analyzed memory acquisition (latency and path efficiency to platform finding and total distance travelled) and memory retrieval parameters (number of entries and path efficiency to first entry to the target zone). Results: We found higher TNF-α concentration present in LPS-treated dams. There were no significant differences for any of the parameters analyzed for P40 animals and P60 females. M/LPS/P60 rats had a significantly decreased path efficiency to platform finding, increased total distance travelled and a trend of increased latency to platform finding, compared to M/SAL/P60 in the memory acquisition test, and a significantly decreased path efficiency to first entry to the target zone in the memory retrieval test. Conclusion: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - induced maternal inflammation during pregnancy leads to spatial memory impairment in male rat offspring in early adulthood, a finding that can be a basis for animal modeling of neurodevelopmental disorders. Uvod: Animalni modeli pružaju mogućnost ispitivanja veze između zapaljenja kod majki tokom trudnoće i različitih neuropsihijatrijskih poremećaja potomstva, pokazane u epidemiološkim studijama. Cilj rada: U ovom radu je ispitivano postojanje zapaljenja kod ženki pacova izloženih LPS-u tokom trudnoće i njegov uticaj na oštećenje prostorne memorije potomstva u Morisovom vodenom lavirintu. Materijal i metode: Gravidne ženke soja Wistar bile su izložene LPS-u ili fiziološkom rastvoru (SAL) 15. i 16. dana gestacije i uzimana im je krv radi određivanja koncentracije TNF-α. Mladunci oba pola (mužjaci - M, ženke - F) podvrgnuti su petodnevnom testu sticanja i jednodnevnom testu pozivanja memorije u dva postnatalna perioda (35 - 39. postnatalnog dana života (P35- 39) i P40, odnosno P55-59 i P60). Analizirani su parametri sticanja (latencija i efikasnost putanje do pronalaska platforme i ukupan pređeni put) i pozivanja prostorne memorije (broj ulazaka i efikasnost putanje do prvog ulaska u ciljnu zonu). Rezultati: Utvrđene su povišene koncentracije TNF-α kod majki tretiranih LPS-om. Kod P40 životinja nije bilo značajnih razlika u praćenim bihejvioralnim parametrima, kao ni kod P60 ženki. Pokazano je da su pacovi M/LPS/P60 imali statistički značajno manju efikasnost putanje do pronalaska platforme, veći ukupni pređeni put i trend povećanja latencije do pronalaska platforme u odnosu na M/SAL/P60 u testu sticanja memorije, kao i značajno manju efikasnost putanje do prvog ulaska u ciljnu zonu u testu pozivanja memorije. Zaključak: Lipopolisaharidom (LPS) izazvano zapaljenje kod ženki pacova tokom trudnoće utiče na oštećenje prostorne memorije kod potomstva muškog pola u ranom odraslom dobu, što bi moglo poslužiti za razvijanje animalnog modela neurorazvojnih oboljenja.

The paper focuses on the morphological, syntactic and other errors (such as omissions, additions and substitutions) occurring in the simultaneous interpretations of English Language and Literature students majoring in Translation and Interpretation and searches for and analyses these types of errors in the context of their interpretations from English into Croatian. Students participating in the study, i.e. the subjects, are graduates of The Faculty of Philosophy in Osijek and their interpretations make the corpus of the research. The interpretations were recorded in class and the errors found during listening were transcribed and categorized, allowing for the observation of the frequency of each error. The recorded material includes every student’s first and final interpretation attempts from English into Croatian - their first language. The source speeches were the ones played to students from the Directorate General for Interpretation (Speech Repository) website and they include speeches on various topics, such as advertising, wildlife, globalization, unemployment, politics etc. The schematics and observations presented here concern above all the application of error analysis in the field of research, even though it is clear that any progress made in this field can and will also influence interpretation teaching. The study contains the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data obtained, as well as discussions on their likely causes and the appropriate conclusions. The paper also tries to make implications for further interpretation teaching, i.e. suggest teaching methods and how the study might help teaching in practice.

The Centre for Social Policy Initiatives in co-operation with the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and the University of Zagreb is implementing a three-year training program for experts, professionals and foster parents in the area of foster care in the Republic of Croatia with the support of Swedish experts and professionals. The expected results of the three-year program are to widen the practice and improve the quality of foster care in the Republic of Croatia, especially in urban areas. Implementation of this program will also train experts in the field of foster care, as well as professionals and foster parents. The aim of this paper is to show the situation of separated children placed in foster care within the context of deinstitutionalisation processes in the Republic of Croatia. Focus group discussions with 20 foster parents and 13 professionals in social welfare, as well as the results of applied research on public opinion about foster care in the Republic of Croatia will be used to describe the situation of separated children in foster care placements. Data indicate how foster parents and professionals perceive the established practice of foster care in the Republic of Croatia and show their views concerning needed and possible improvements of foster care practice. The achieved results of focus group discussions as well as public opinion data on foster care placement practice in Croatia significantly indicate how to improve the quality of foster care. This is particularly related to the need of continuous support to foster parents and consequent monitoring of children placed with foster families.

U radu se prikazuju aspekti pravne i socijalne zaštite djece u ratu.

The aim of the paper is to inform about the results of the longitudinal study of the war consequences on psychological well-being of children in Croatia. In the first part of the paper the legal framework is described that should ensure the protection of children in armed conflicts. In the scond part the main findings of the empirical study are presented. Also some guidelines for psychological interventions at the different institutional levels are described.

This is a summary of the research on the state of children’s rights in institutional circumstances and the state of institutional care and treatment of children and youth with behavioral disorders in Croatia, that have been presented in a number of papers by the same authors. First of all a number of methodological questions occurred concerning the problem of research on the rights of the child . According to our experience, besides the relatively fast, objective and standardized quantitative methodology this phenomenon should be studied also with the strategies of qualitative scientific methodology. In the end we could say that the total situation of the state of children’s rights, according to the children is on a level of no-participation with periodical escapes to the first or second step of the participation ladder. In order to be there more often and stay longer it is necessary to come up with new strategies in which the educational process for the realization/facilitation of children’s rights would at the same time include as pupils both children and adults.