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The purpose of these researches and studies carried out in the reference area, consists in obtaining the widest possible fund of knowledge, regarding the characteristics of the natural environment and its macrozonal and microzonal particularities, which will substantiate, both ethnically and scientifically, all the elements that define the structure of the edaphic cover and its favorability, regarding the main cultivated species, in order to develop sustainable management systems of soil and land resources. The researched area refers to a total area of 27601 ha, of which 21376 ha (77.45%) are agricultural lands (10931 ha, respectively 39.61% being arable land) and 4729 ha (17.13%), land with forest vegetation in the Bara-Ghizela area. This is characterized through varied geological and physical-geographical conditions, which conditioned the formation of an edaphic cover, represented by several types of soil such as:Regosols, Alluviosols, Phaeosols, Eutricambosols, Preluvosols, Luvosols, Vertosols, Pelosols, Stagnosols, Gleiosols and Anthrosols. They are distinctly distinguished by their properties and fertility maintenance measures, in relation to the peculiarities of the ecopedological profile of each of the territorial units (TEO/UT). The present work is a very complex one. It provides basic information and methodological elements for the assessment and characterization of soil and land resources, on the basis of which the favorability of soils for pastures, hay, trees and the main cultivated field plants (wheat, barley, corn, soybean, sunflower) has been established. At the same time, this information can be of real use in agricultural research and practice, as well as for the development of interdisciplinary studies regarding the quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the research followed, in particular, the evolution of hydrophysical properties of a typical chernozem type soil, dominant in the reference area, with very good fertility characteristics, from the low Plain of Banat, in the period 2016-2020. The researches of the present paper elaborated, consist in the accumulation of scientific data regarding the evolution of some components of the agricultural land productivity, regarding the temperatures and precipitations in the studied area and hydrophysical properties, as well as; humidity, field capacity, useful water capacity, wilting coefficient, which are the basis for the substantiation of current, modern cultivation technologies or high-performance pedo-amelioration work, through a complex approach to the physical-geographical and climatic-edaphic conditions in the low plain Banat. The aim of our own research was to find new current scientific and practical elements, in order to achieve a integrated management, efficient from an agricultural point of view, with low energy and financial efforts, ecological and conservation, improvement of the soil and the environment. In preparing and conducting this paper, we took into account several aspects of physical-geographical and pedo-climatic characteristics based on studies in recent years, during the doctorate, starting with 2016, respectively, research on the cultivation of grain corn for four consecutive years. During this time period, 2016-2020, the periodic determinations of soil moisture within the researched area were made, which were then recorded in its own database. These analyzes and results are a continuation, a small contribution, of the efforts of the last decades on the line on the concerns about climate change, a danger for the whole humanity, taking into account the multitude of factors that affect the global climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of the approached topic derives from the fact that the land properties are extremely differentiated in the territory, due to the variation of pedogenesis factors and conditions, as well as from the fact that in production system of plants, the productive potential of the soil and the judiciously applied humar labour are harmoniously combined. The aim of the research finds its origin in the current scientific and practical concerns of the accumulation of knowledge on pedological and agrochemical characteristics regarding the inventory, grading and classification of soil resources according to the ecological requirements of the main cultivated plants, in order to identify and develops an agronomically, ecologically and conservatively integrated management for the soil and the environment. The presented results are part of the program of doctoral studies and researches (28.09.2015- 27.09.2018) having as theme "Research on the ecopedological bases of land productivity in the Lipova Hills and possible pressures on their quality". The approached issue refers to the lands of the territorial administrative unit (ATU) Remetea Mare with an area of 10125 ha, of which 8691 ha represents the agricultural land. The paper offers, through the presented material, basic knowledge and methodological elements for the evaluation and characterization of natural and anthropically induced resources, in the hope that the information obtained will arouse the interest of the decision maker so that in the near future agricultural research and practice, together with environmental protection, to make efforts for the development of interdisciplinary studies, not being able to talk about a healthy environment without a healthy soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research undertaken finds its origin in the current scientific and practical preoccupations more and more assiduous to identify and develop an integrated management of agroecosystems, efficient from an agronomic point of view, with reduced energetic and financial efforts, ecological and conservative for soil and environment. This paper presents a few aspects regarding the edaphic layer structure and its quality, as well as some restrictive features of land quality, features that define their vocation for certain utilities and different favorabilities for certain plants and fruit trees. The geographical area known as the Lipovei Hills, Lipovei Piedmont or Lipova Plateau is positionally located in the western part of the country. As a geographical unit of transition between the orogeny of the Western Carpathians. They are an integral part of the Western Hills, which are well-individualized geomorphological units by the structure of deposits, their location on the periphery and altitude. The situation of the land of recent developments and its current state consists of all areas represented by land areas and those covered by water, regardless of destination, the title on which they are held or the public or private domain to which they belong. Referring to the area taken into account, the issue addressed refers to an area of 309,186 ha of which 181,890 ha are agricultural land (58.83%) and 110,695 ha (35.80%) land with forest vegetation, located in western Romania, which from an administrative point of view, they belong to a number of 25 ATUs from Timiş (17) and Arad counties (9). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase, improvement and stability of agricultural production and therefore of food security in all agricultural areas (tropical, subtropical, temperate, etc.), is achieved by cultivating certain plants, creating optimal vegetation conditions for them through well-defined elements of technology, starting from the fundamental idea that man must cooperate with the environment, to consciously become a protector of it. Given these considerations and starting from the fact that there are relations of a varied and complex reciprocity between the properties of the soil and the main cultivated species, this paper presents, based on studies conducted during three experimentation years, within the theme "Research on pedoclimatic and anthropogenic factors that condition land productivity from the Low Plain of Banat" and carried out during doctoral school, several aspects regarding the physicalgeographical characteristics illustrated by the maize yields on a typical Chernozem soil, slightly gleyic, epicalcaric, medium clay loam/medium clay loam from the research field in Lovrin. Given these aspects regarding the existence of risks due to various manifestations of natural factors or irrational human interventions, in this paper the authors try to transfer descriptive theoretical activities to analytical activities that provide practical solutions for the use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the maize crop. The importance of the research topic derives from the fact that the soil/land properties are differentiated in the territory, due to the variation of pedogenesis factors and conditions, as well as to the fact that in the plant production system the productive potential of the soil is combined with the applied human labour, integrated by plants in the biomass production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Getting to know the natural conditions and the technological features for a certain crop presents a special economic and social importance, both for the big agricultural exploitation and for the small producer. Relations of a varied and complex reciprocity are established between the properties of the soil and the main technological elements, fact shown by the level of wheat yields in the period 2016-2019, on a typical Chernozem soil, slightly gleyic, epicalcaric, medium clay loam/medium clay loam from Lovrin, Timis County. Regarding these considerations, the paper presents several aspects regarding the role and the physical-geographical characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the wheat production, based on studies with the theme "Research on pedoclimatic and anthropogenic factors that condition land productivity from the Low Plain of Banat" carried out during the doctoral school, respectively from September 28, 2016 and until now. The research consists of the accumulation of scientific data regarding the evolution of some components of agricultural land productivity, related to the cosmic-atmospheric and telluric-edaphic supply, necessary to substantiate current crop technologies for their efficient use through a thorough knowledge. Thus, the paper presents the results regarding the influence of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the wheat production in the agricultural period 2016-2019, in the physicalgeographical and climatic-edaphic conditions from the Low Plain of Banat. Taking into account these aspects regarding the existence of risks, due to various manifestations of natural factors and irrational human interventions, in this paper we tried to transfer the descriptive theoretical activities to analytical ones that lead to practical solutions related to the sustainable management of edaphic resources. The research is in line with the substantiation of sustainable agriculture systems, responding to the requirements of establishing the scientific database necessary to substantiate some technologies and the elaboration of integrated agroecosystem management measures. The importance of this paper derives from the fact that the soil/land properties are differentiated in the territory, both by the variation of the pedogenesis factors and conditions, and by the fact that in the plant production system the productive potential of the soil intersects with the human effort. Hence, we can talk about a cultural technically-economically conditioned productivity, a result of the contribution of soil, climatic factors, human labour, investments with water and fertilizers, quality seed, all vitally integrated by plants in the biomass production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the researches is based on current scientific and practical discourses on the accumulation of knowledge on the spatial peculiarities of the natural frame as elements that define the quality of the soils and the possible pressures on them. The importance of the topic is derived from the fact that the relations between the soil characteristics and the main cultivated species can establish relationships of varied and complex reciprocity. So the soil properties can exert a definite influence on the development of the root system, mineral nutrition, ensuring the aerohydric and thermal regime necessary for the physiological processes and the plants (phytocoenoses) in their turn act both directly and indirectly on the soil fertility status. Considering that these considerations in the paper are presented on the basis of the research carried out during the doctoral school, respectively 28.09.2015 and so far on the subject "Research on ecopedological bases of land productivity in Lipovei Hills and possible pressures on their quality", some aspects related to the structure of edafic cover and to the particularities of the main types and associations of soils, to their quality status and some restrictive characteristics of land quality, characteristics that define their vocation for certain utilities. By its geographical location the area known as Lipovei Hills, Lipovei Piedmont or Lipova Plateau is situated in the western part of the country, between the geographical coordinates: 21°22'30'' şi 22°21'30'' eastern longitude and 45°55' şi 46°15' north latitude, as a transition unit between the Western Carpathian orogen and the low, subsidence area of the Banat-Crişana Plain, which imparts to the area specific specicities of real interest for the scientific research. The necessity of the geomorphological and pedological researches of this depression unit of Mureş de Jos (the actual piedmont complex Lipovei Hills) was also imposed for socioeconomic and agricultural reasons in particular, because without knowing how the natural landscape evolved, from origins to at present, it is not possible to determine how the lands and soils will develop in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sustainable soil/land management represents a modern form of ecosystem management, with the role to maintain and increase biodiversity and allow long term obtaining of high quality products. That is why the localizing and defining each land portion in the terrestrial space is of utmost importance in determining ecologic conditions, respectively the vocation of a certain land portion for certain agricultural or agro-forestry-pastoral uses. The purpose of the current research originates in the current scientific and practical preoccupations, more and more avid to accumulate knowledge regarding the physical, chemical and microbiologic characteristics of soils in relation with the local particularities of the natural frame for the land quality assessment, data which can be found in the pedologic studies carried out by territorial OSPA units. Through its geographic position and the relief terraced spacing with a general slope from east towards west, the studied territory determines a great diversity of ecologic conditions, generated by factor variability (cosmic-atmospheric and telluric-edaphic) which help establish an environment where plants can grow and deliver yields. The study refers to a 3693277 ha surface, of which 2430481 ha (65.81%), represent agricultural land, 16.61 % of Romania's total agricultural surface of 14635520 ha (Order MADR 278/2011, Annex 1). The current paper's importance and novelty consists in the necessity to protect the edaphic layer and the environment through: - accumulation of scientific data needed in order to underlie working technologies which should help preserve the edaphic layer and sustainably manage soil and water resources, - implementation of preserving work systems and sustainable management in the physical-geographic and climatic-edaphic conditions of the studied space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A durable management of the natural and anthropic resources , represent a modern form for ecosystem, in order that maintain and increase the biodiversity in agricultural produces in quantity and high quality long-term. To that end it is necessary to locate and define every plot with its ecological conditions, the soil suitability and capability for specific land use agricultural, sylvan, socialeconomic. The geographical position of the territory, situated between 44° 27′ and 48° 48′ northern latitude, and 20° 15'-22° 52′ eastern longitude, with a relief arranged in steps, sloping form east to west, determine a great diversity of ecological conditions and the structure of the land resources. The approached problems relates to a surface of 1.891.684 ha, with 62.56% agricultural land ( 1.183.343 ha) situated of south-west of Romania, which belong administrative to the countries: Timis, Caras-Severin, Arad ( south of river Mures ) Mehedinti ( area of the town Orsova ), for the most part of the region viewed historical Banat. The soil survey has been identified in agreement with Romanian Taxonomyc Soil System ( SRTS-2012 ), 23 soil types and soil association, involved inside of 11 soil class: Protisoil, Cernisoil, Umbrisoil, Combisoil, Luvisoil, Spodisoil, Vertisoil, Hidrisoil, Salsodisoil, Histisoil, Antrisoil. The paper presents, for this region, the capability of the land in crop, which is in total 832.925 ha:  Lands without limitations 217.617 ha (18.29%)  Land with small limitations 169.336 ha (14.31%)  Land with medium limitations 273.234 ha (23.09%)  Land with great limitations 276902 ha (23.40 %)  Land with several limitations 246.254 ha (20.81 %) The paper, also offers methods for soil evaluation and for the characterization of the natural and anthropic modification ressources, useful for scientific research and agricultural practice together with environmentprotection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the current financial crisis from Romania that affected and continue to affect the agricultural sector and taking into account the importance of livestock and their access to available pasture areas (OU 34/2013), in both the public sector domain and private sector of the administrative- territorial units, the cadastral information has a major role in the National Register of Holdings (RNE), according to the Order of the President of the National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority no. 40/2010. Through its economic function, cadastre is an important tool in achieving the Romanian Constitution that the State shall ensure exploitation of natural resources in accordance with national interests, protection and recovery of environment and maintaining ecological balance, creating natural conditions for quality of life. The research theme aims to highlight the role of cadastral and soil information in achieving informational system for agriculture and forestry (HG 695/2006) which would constitute the most appropriate technical and scientific ways of managing the economic potential of lands, to conclude partnerships, substantiation of projects to ensure sustainable development of rural areas. The studied area is about 869 665 ha of which 693 417 ha is agricultural land (29 535 ha grassland and 124 461 ha pastures). For complete and systematic knowledge of the lands and carrying out a unified system of technical, economic and legal evidence, it must be known all the details about quality. The research of the ecopedologic conditions was made according to "The methodology of elaborating of pedological studies", vol. I, II and III elaborated by the ICPA Bucharest in 1987, completed with specific elements from the Romanian System of Taxonomy of Soils (SRSTS-2012). Representing a well-defined condition with a high variability in space but relatively stable over time, pedological factors, through the major components, are essential in characterizing certain areas of land. Certainly, knowledge of natural conditions and the ecological potential of land from specific area for various utilities and some cultures, have an economic and social importance for both large and small farm producers, but especially for central and local government for the programs PNDR and PNDL at territorial administrative units level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of land-use planning and the use of the soil survey to develop land suitable for its intended purpose were introduces in the early 1960s. The objective proposed in this paper was to make evident the aridization tendencies to the Aranca Plain area, the divisions the urgency zones emplaced in forest belts in order to protect the terrain from Beba-Veche village. According with Romanian Taxonomic System of Soils (SRTS 2003) and WRB for SR 1998, in researched area have been identified 6 classes, 8 types, 35 undertypes, 98 varietys and other units, which are different through their propertys, their productiv capacity and measures for maintainance and increase their fertility. Crop production can be done in the different conditions: natural ecosystems (without or with human intervention), or agro-ecosystems, extensive or intensive (direct or indirect involvement of the state) requires with a pressing necessity as deep knowledge of all ecological determinants, for which each of the 136 units of land (TEO) identified were characterized under the current methodology of the soil studies using the 23 indicators of evaluation, indicators which represent character and traits most important, more significant, specific and measurable. These dates were completed by a detailed soil survey effectuated in the Aranca Plain. There were studied 79 main soil profiles from which are dominant Chernozems and Vertisols, both soil types with a high content of soluble salts and sodium.Soil-solution-soil-matrix physico-chemical interactions enhanced by dilute soil solution with high sodium, affect the flow parameters considerably. Vertisols, which is a deep clayey soil, dominated by clay minerals such as smectites, expand upon wetting and shrink upon drying. They form wide cracks from the soil surface when drying out. From the types of existent forest-belt it is estimate that the next belts give a good result for the argillaceous soils from the Aranca Plain: Populus euramericana and Quercus robur with Syringa v., Ligustrum v., Cornus m.; the belt with Pinus silvestris and Quercus rubra with Ribes a., Cornus m., Robinia p. For the 9300 hectares surface of Bebe-Veche village, the necessary of seedling plants is 324670, along the drainage channel, access roads and around the agricultural farms. We recommend also, re-using the drainage water, where the quality of the water is acceptable, but not a direct connection between the drainage system and the irrigation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil is the medium that enables us to grow our food, natural fibre and timber. It is not understatement to say that soil is fundamental to the existence of human society. The gradual changes of soil characteristics across the landscape make the study and comparison of different soil types difficult. The credibility of soil science suffers from the lack of a generally accepted system of soil classification. A common language is vital to the functioning of any science. Soil classification is a general term describing any systematic and hierarchical arrangement of soils into categories on the basis of their diagnostic characteristics. During development of knowledge of soils, many kinds of classifications where use before the advent of modern soil science. So called genetic principle remains the guide for most presents day national soil classification. Aware specific terms, Soil Taxonomic recently used in Romania describing that part of soil classification that part of soil classification whereby arrangements of various soil groups and categories are mainly based on natural relationships between various soils. In order to create a common understanding of soil resources in different countries, a new soil classification system, named WRB-SR has been adopted of the International Union of Soil Science. Romanian Soil Taxonomy (SRTS-2012) has been prepared of a group of soil scientists, having as support soil survey and previous soil classification, like Romanian Soil Classification System (SRCS-1980) and the first edition of Romanian Soil Taxonomy System (SRTS2003). The SRTS 2012 is not a final one. It has to be used, discussed, critized, completed and updated. The SRTS 2012 is organized of 10 chapters and the general principles are: the classification of soils is based on diagnostic horizons, properties and characteristics and the selection of diagnostic horizons, properties and characteristics takes into account their relationship with soil farming processes. The SRTS 2012 is a two-level system of soil taxonomy, a high level, with 12 classes, 29 soil Genetic Types and 67 Soil Subtypes; and a low level, with Soil Variety, Soil Species, Soil Family and Soil Variant. Soil class is defined as a specific pedogenetic horizon or basic property; soil type is represented by soil bodies with similar features and behavior from the same kinds of the main soil forming processes, soil subtypes groups soils characterized by a particular expression of features specific for the soil type. The system presents also correlations between SRCS-1980, SRTS-2003, FAO-UNESCO-1988, WRB-SR2006 and SRTS-2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research undertaken has its origins in the current scientific and practical concerns increasingly hard to identify and set up a tillage system, agronomicaly efficient, financial and reduced energy costs, environmental friendly to replace the classic system. The objectives and activities fall within the current agricultural research and agricultural practice, on international and national level, for the study of the importance of hydro-physical characteristics of the edaphic coating in substantiation of conservative tillage systems. From the geomorphological point of view the perimeter of the investigated area belongs to the large physical--geographic unity called the Vinga High Plain. That is the oldest and the most complex among Banat-Crisana plains and extends south of Mures everglade, west of Lipova hills, north of Bega low plain, east of Galatca plain. There are presented physico-geographical conditions of soil formation and evolution, based on judiciously selected reference to the conditions of relief, geology and lithology of surface materials, hydrography and hydrology, climate and vegetation conditions. Soil's texture is medium clay on the whole profile. The Apparent Density (DA) has medium values in the worked layer from the classic system, high in the first 10 cm in no-till system and very high in the middling third of the soil profile in the two systems. The Total Porosity (PT) has low values in the 0 - 33 cm interval, and also in the 45 - 96 cm one. The aeration porosity has very low values, excepting the worked layer from the classic system, where it has low values and the first 10 cm depth in No-till system where the values are very low. From the analysis of climate data results a large variability of rainfall fell from year to year and from one period to another feature, thus optimal precipitation amounts between 1992-2010 were recorded in only four agricultural years (26,6%). Soil moisture values were closely related to the amount of rainfall recorded in the area. Considering the evolution of soil moisture in the period 2005-2010 the observations made monthly (by taking soil samples and laboratory determinations) shows that the values from cultures in no-tillage system are the more uniform values in the soil profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under natural condition relatively different micro aspect, characteristic of various forms of relief and microrelief on the territory of Nicolae Titulescu, formed and evolved over time that soils differ in terms of both morphologically and in terms of their productive capacity, that fertility. Soil fertility is expressed through their sustainability to increase productivity in relation to ecological requirements and environmental protection. The purpose of this paper aims to inventory the limiting factors (restrictive) of land use for agricultural production and to establish measures to reduce or cancel agropedoameliorative adverse influence the productivity of soils. Objectives and activities which it proposing this theme fall within the current preoccupations of research and agricultural practices in of international and national level for the study, highlighting the nature and intensity of the limiting factors of agricultural production and improvement requirements and grouping land suitability classes in relation to running the study and preparation are part of the doctoral school in Timisoara USAMVB to achieve doctoral thesis on "the foundation ecopedological the cadastral value on agricultural land in the county Olt". Perimeter investigated is located in the central eastern part of the county Olt and eastern Plains Iminogului(part of the Plain Boianu) in contact with the river Vedea valley to see. Distances from major cities are: approx. 60 Km south-east of Slatina (county) and approx. 25 Km north-east of the city Drăgăneşti-Olt. Land area totals 2015 ha Nicolae Titulescu village land, of wich 1828 ha of arable, 155 ha pasture and 32 ha vineyard. Agricultural science and practice have shown that soil fertility can be continuously increased through measures agrotechnical, agrochemical and land improvement, thus preventing soil exhaustion got in culture theory or the so-called law of decreasing soil fertility. Physical and chemical properties of soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory OSPA Olt under and regulation and their interpretation was performed according to the Methodology Elaboration Soil Studies, Bucharest 1987 (vol. I, II, III). In the studies perimeter, agricultural production is negatively influenced by the restrictions given by some soil properties, land and climate, which show equal intensities, reduces productions different depending on the use of land (arable, pasture, vineyard) so that one and the same land may have restrictions on intensities-vary his usage. In this research, the factors limiting (restrictive)of agricultural production are represented mainly by climatic conditions, topography and soil. Restrictions refer to conditions which reduce yields and the danger of exploitation of degradation, with the same effect. It is estimated that some restrictions are ameliorated and that the arrangement can be exploited in some land close to optimum conditions and restrictions can not be ameliorated. Grouping land pretability classes was made on the basis of factors limiting agricultural production in relation to existing uses at the time of research (arable, pasture, vineyard). Depending on the nature and intensity of extression of the limiting factors, agricultural land in the territory studied were grouped into three (II, III, IV) categories of suitability for such uses, denoted by roman numerals. In this research, limiting factors (restrictive) of agricultural production are represented by: excess moisture occurs on a ground area of 22 ha (1.10%); excess moisture is manifested in a stagnant area of 55 ha( 2,70%); grossly soil texture affects an area of 5 ha (0,25%) and fine texture of a area of 990 ha (49,13%); 5% slope of the ground occurs over an area of 20 ha (1,0%); surface erosion occurs in an area of about. 34 ha (1,70%) ; inundability land by overflow occurs in an area of 23 ha (1,14%); the degree of compaction negatively affects an area of 985 ha (49,0%) ; uniformity manifests land area of 51 ha (2,53%) .Agricultural area of 2015 ha of communal territory Nicolae Titulescu fall in class II of pretability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]