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Temeljem provedenih terenskih i laboratorijskih istraživanja u tijeku 2015. godine te na osnovi postojećih podataka (Bašić et el., 1988 ; Vukadinović, 2012) izrađena je pedološka karta mjerila 1 : 5 000 s pripadajućom bazom pedoloških podataka. Također je izvršena procjena sadašnje i buduće namjenske pogodnosti tla za navodnjavanje i utvrđeni su prioriteti za navodnjavanje, uređenje i zaštitu tla. Uz navedeno, ova dionica agronomske osnove obuhvatila je i ocjenu kakvoće vode za navodnjavanje, date su preporuke za hidro i agromelioracijsko uređenje zemljišta, izračunati su osnovni elementi doziranja vode i utvrđena je redukcija prinosa uzgajanih kultura u uvjetima bez navodnjavanja.

The goal of three-year investigations was to determine the influence of precipitation upon drainage discharge and its duration, concentration of nitrate in drainage water, amount of nitrates leached and yields of crops grown: winter wheat ; oilseed rape and soybea, at different pipe drainage spacings (15 m, 20 m, 25 m and 30 m) on pseudogley-gley soil. Investigation were carried out at the experimental amelioration site in the middle of Posavina, in the period from October 2008 up to September 2011. total nitrogen rates Applied amounted to 183.6 kg/ha (2008/09), 175.5 kg/ha (2009/10) and 130 kg/ha (2011). Results show that drainage discharge and its duration depended on the amount and distribution of precipitations during the study period. The highest drainage discharge was determined at the narrowest pipe spacing (15 m), while its longest duration was observed at the widest spacing (30 m. Drainage discharge was not registered in the growing season of the dry 2011. The higest nitrate concentration in drainage water, in all pipe spacing variants, was recorded with the occurrence of the First drainage discharges and was higher than MAC (10 mg/L NO3-N). It was only after the autumn crop harvest that nitrate concentration was below from MAC. The amount of nitrates leached, in each year and at each pipe spacing, depended on the drainage discharge and nitrate concentration in drainage water. Crop yield were statistically significant between the set pipe spacings in the 2008/09 and 2009/10 year, while was not statistically significant in 2011. Effect of pipe in drainage surplus water from soil was positive in humid years, while in the dry year was not registered effect of pipes.

Three-year investigations (2007-2009) of water quality in hydroameliorated agricultural areas were carried out at the experimental amelioration field “Jelenščak” Kutina, on hydroameliorated Gleyic Podzoluvisol. Soil was drained in four different drainpipe spacing variants (15 m, 20 m, 25 m and 30 m), set up in four replications. The areas of spacing variants were: 1425 m2, 1900 m2, 2375 m2 and 2850 m2. The same crop was grown in each research year in all variants and the same agricultural management practices were applied. Winter wheat was grown in 2007 and in 2009 and soybean in 2008. Samples of drainage water were taken at drainpipe outlets into the canal. The following parameters were determined in the samples: nitrate concentration and concentration of chlortoluron. Based on the drainage water analysis, it was established that nitrate concentration as well as chlortoluron concentration exceeded the prescribed MAC values (10 mg.dm-3 NO3-N) in each year and in all variants. Nitrogen concentration in drainage water exceeded the MAC in five months (2006/07), in two months (2008) and in seven months (2008/09). Concentration of chlortoluron in drainage water exceeded the MAC (100 ŋg.dm-3) in five months (2006/07) and in seven months (2008/09). Maximum nitrate concentration was up to 28.42 mg.dm-3, and that of chlortoluron up to 365 ŋg.dm-3.

In the period 1999-2001, investigations involving a drainpipe spacing of 15 m combined with contact hydraulic material – gravel were conducted on drained Gleyic Podzoluvisol with the following objectives: To determine the total annual drainage discharge (excess water) and compare it with the mathematical model after Palmer. Reference evapotranspiration was calculated according to the Penman-Monteith method. Investigations were carried out at the amelioration trial field Jelenščak near Kutina, on drained Gleyic Podzoluvisol. The studied drainpipe spacing was 15 m in combination with contact hydraulic material – gravel (&oslash ; 5-25 mm). Drainpipe length was 95 m, diameter 65 mm, average slope 3 ‰ and average depth 1 m. Drainpipes discharged directly into open canals. Plastic (PVC) pipes, corrugated and perforated, were used. Drainage discharge was measured continuously by means of automatic electronic meters (limnimeters), which were installed at the drainpipe end discharging into open canals. Maize was sown at the beginning of May and harvested in October 1999. Winter wheat was sown in the autumn of 2000 and harvested in July 2001. Excess water measured with electronic meters amounted to 236 mm in 1999, 130 mm in 2000, and 133 mm in 2001. Excess water in soil calculated by Palmer’ s method was 263 mm in 1999, 124 mm in 2000, and 160 mm in 2001. The obtained results clearly show that the difference between of direct measurements and those given by Palmer’ s method was the lesser in 2000 (drainage discharge was higher for 6 mm), while differences were indentical in 1999 and in 2001 (drainage discharges were higher for 27 mm). Consequently, excess water in drained soil of the central Sava valley calculated by Palmer’ s method is acceptable and gave rather reliable date of excess water in drained soil.

The goal of the investigations was to determine the onset of irrigation using the coefficient of irrigation, which is based on the calculation of everyday evapotranspiration. The coefficient of irrigation represents the water consumption (mm) per one degree of mean daily air temperature (oC ). Three-year investigations (1999-2001) were carried out at an apple plantation on the soil type Calcaric Fluvisol and water-melon plantation on the soil type Eutric Gleysol, hydromeliorated. Irrigation of apple was applied by means of mini sprinklers. Irrigation rate was calculated by the standard method and amounted to 47.6 mm. Irrigation of water-melon was applied by means of drip system and irrigation rate amounted to 15.6 mm, 31, 2 mm and 39, 0 mm. The coefficient of irrigation was estimated for decades periods according to the data on: soil moisture, precipitation, mean daily air temperature and the amount of water added with irrigation. The said data were processed to calculate the coefficient of irrigation, per decades, for the entire irrigation period. In 1999, the coefficient of irrigation for apple ranged from 0.17 mm/oC in the third decade of May to 0.40 mm/oC in the first and second decades of August. In 2000, the coefficient of irrigation ranged from 0.20 mm/oC in the first decade of May to 0.63 mm/oC in the third decade of August. In the last investigation year, the coefficient of irrigation amounted to 0.18 mm/oC in the first decade of May to 0.61 mm/oC in the second and third decades of August. In 1999, the coefficient of irrigation for water-melon ranged from 0.19 mm/oC in the second and third decades of May to 0.43 mm/oC in the third decade of June. In 2000 the coefficient of irrigation, ranged from 0.21 mm/oC in the second and third decades of May to 0.43 mm/oC in the third decade of June. In 2001, the coefficient of irrigation amounted to 0.25 mm/oC in the second decade of May to 0.47 mm/oC in the third decade of June. Water consumption for a particular day is calculated by multiplying the coefficient of irrigation by the mean daily air temperature (oC). When, in adding up the consumption of water per days, the previously added irrigation rate is spent, irrigation should be applied again. This fairly practical procedure of determining the onset of irrigation can be applied in a wider area with equal or similar pedological and climatic conditions.

The goal of the investigations was to determine the onset of irrigation using the coefficient of irrigation, which is based on the calculation of everyday evapotranspiration. The coefficient of irrigation represents the water consumption (mm) per one degree of mean daily air temperature (oC). Three-years investigation (1999-2001) were carried out at a water-melon plantation in Neretva Vally, on the soil type Eutric Gleysol, hydromeliorated. Irrigation was applied by means of drip system. Irrigation rate was calculated by the standard method and amounted to 15.6 mm, 31, 2 mm and 39, 0 mm. The coefficient of irrigation was estimated for ten-day periods (decades) according to the data on: soil moisture, precipitation, mean daily air temperature and the amount of water added with irrigation. Soil moisture was estimated gravimetrically. When soil moisture approached the value of lentocapillary moisture (0.625 MPa), irrigation was applied with the amount of water corresponding to the irrigation rate. The said data were processed to calculate the coefficient of irrigation, per decades, for the entire irrigation period. The average coefficient of irrigation ranged from 0.22 mm/oC in the second and the third decade of May to 0.45 mm/oC in the third decade of June. Water consumption for a particular day is calculated by multiplying the coefficient of irrigation by the mean daily air temperature (oC). When, in adding up the consumption of water per days, the previously added irrigation rate is spent, irrigation should be applied again. This fairly practical procedure of determining the onset of irrigation can be applied in water-melon production also in a wider area with equal or similar pedological and climatic conditions.

The paper presents the results of investigation of performance of drainage systems on ameliorated gleyic stagnosol in the Central Sava Basin, in order to recommend pipe drainage for the purpose of more intensive use of drained land. Investigation of the soil moisture regime were carried out on drained and non-drained gleyic stagnosol in the period from 1987 to 1991, within regular crop production which included monitoring of soil moisture dynamics, ground water levels, occurrence of stagnant water and drain outflows. Subsoil pipe drains on the drained plot were placed at the depth of 0.9 m, with the spacing of 20 m. for the vegetation period (April-September) small differences have been determined between the durations of the wet phase in non-drained and drained gleyic stagnosol. In this period the average annual wet phase lasts 17 days at the depth of 15 cm, 47 days at 30 cm and 10 days at 60 cm in non-drained soil, and 23 days at 15 cm, 43 days at 30 cm, and 10 days at 60 cm in drained soil. In the non-vegetation period (October-march), the differences in duration of the wet phase between drained and non- drained soil were also small at depths of 15 and 60 cm, while the difference at 30 cm was considerably larger The average annual duration of the wet phase was 50 days at 15 cm, 140 days at 30 cm, and 17 days at 60 cm in non-drained soil, or 50 days at 15 cm, 97 days at 30 cm, and 13 days at 60 cm in drained soil. Statistically significant difference in the dynamics of soil moisture between drained and non-drained soil was determined only for the depth of 30 cm, and only in the non-vegetation period. The ground water level was practically always below 1.0 m ; however in the upper part of the soil profile the presence of stagnatrain water has been determined. No significant difference between the duration of presence of stagnat water in drained and non- drained soil has been determined. Maximum values of drain discharge, which were about 0.003 m/day were over three times less than the design drainage module The noticed differences between crop yields on drained and non- drained soils are not significant. Research of the soil moisture regime in soil and monitoring of ground and stagnant water in drained and non-drained gleyic stagnosol show that, in drained soils the problem of evacuation of excess water in rhyzospheres still remains, first of all as a consequence of the absence of agricultural measures, i.e. subsoiling, liming and humization. In such conditions, drainage systems have only limited effects.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of application of different amounts of N fertilizer added by fertigation and different mulches on the total mineral N in the plough soil layer and yield of tomatoes. The two-year study (2007 and 2009) was conducted on hydromeliorated deep Terra Rossa near Pula. In two-factor experiment, set in a split-plot design, the main factor was N fertilization (NF) in three levels: 60 (NF1), 120 (NF2), and 180 (NF3) kg N ha-1. Subfactor was soil mulch (M), also in three levels: without mulch (WM), straw mulch (SM), and mulch with black polyethylene film (BPM). Different NF significantly affected the amount of N min in the soil. Only in 2009, mulch as well as interaction between NF and DAT had significant impact on the amount of N min in soil. Nitrogen fertilization did not significantly affect the total yields of tomatoes, except the application of NF2 and BPM that generated significantly higher yields of tomatoes in 2007. Recommended technology is application of NF2 and BPM, but with ecological point of view it would be justified to use the nitrogen fertilization with only 60 kg N ha-1.

Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati i usporediti jezične sposobnosti i obilježja obiteljske jezične okoline osnovnoškolske djece sa i bez slušnog oštećenja. Sudjelovalo je 209 djece od 3. do 8. razreda osnovne škole (10 - ero djece sa i 199 - ero bez slušnog oštećenja). Korišteni su zadaci fonološkog i ortografskog dekodiranja, Test nizova riječi, Test razumijevanja čitanja te Upitnik obite ljske jezične okoline. Prvi problem bio je ispitati primjenljivost tako konstruiranih zadataka jezičnih sposobnosti na gluhoj djeci. Univarijatne karakteristike zadataka pokazale su da su svi zadaci, osim ortografskog dekodiranja, bili teži gluhoj djeci. Drugi problem bio je ispitati razlike u uratku u zadacima između skupina djece koje su testirane usporedbom njihovih distribucija. Rezultati pokazuju da se gluhi u svim jezičnim testovima, osim ortografskog dekodiranja, nalaze ispod prosjeka čujućih, kao i po broju knjiga u kući s obzirom na obiteljsku jezičnu okolinu. Problem je bio i ispitati doprinos mjera jezičnih sposobnosti i mjera obiteljske jezične okoline razumijevanju čitanja. Hijerarhijska regresijska analiza za čujuće sudionike pokazala je kako zadaci i testovi jezičnih sposobnosti objašnjavaju značajan dio varijace razumijevanja čitanja, a od obiteljske jezične okoline, stavovi o čitanju imaju značajan samostalan doprinos. S obzirom na manji broj sudionika, na uzorku djece sa slušnim oštećenjem provedena je korelacijska analiza. Pronađeno je da su jezične sposobnosti povezane s razumijevanjem čitanja, s tim da je ortografsko dekodiranje jednako važno kao i fonološko (za razliku od čujuće djece). Broj članova obitelji povezan je s čitalačkim nav ikama i stavovima o čitanju, a zajedničke čitalačke aktivnosti s roditeljima i vrijeme provedeno s njima s prosjekom ocjena, po čemu se također razlikuju od čujuće djece. Ovi nalazi poklapaju se u većini slučajeva s nalazima iz literature te pokazuju u koj im područjima jezičnog razvoja gluhi pokazuju slabiji uspjeh od čujućih, ali i prostor na kojem se može raditi u svrhu poboljšanja njihovih jezičnih vještina.

Stereotipi o ljubiteljima pasa i ljubiteljima mačaka te razlike među njima često se spominju u svakodnevnom životu i prikazuju u medijima, a izazivaju i interes u području psihologije ličnosti. Dosadašnja istraživanja ne daju jednoznačne i konzistentne rezultate o prirodi i smjeru tih razlika. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnos između osobina Pet-faktorskog modela ličnosti i preferencije određene vrste životinja. U tu svrhu provedeno je internetsko istraživanje u kojem je korištena elektronička verzija upitnika BFI, prikupljeni su sociodemografski podaci sudionika i postavljeno je pitanje o tome izjašnjava li se osoba kao ljubitelj pasa, ljubitelj mačaka, oboje ili nijedno od toga. Prikupljeni su podaci za 437 sudionika (315 žena) te se 49.4% sudionika izjasnilo kao ljubitelj pasa, 13.5% kao ljubitelj mačaka, 25.2% kao oboje i 11.9% kao nijedno od toga. Rezultati su pokazali da postoje statistički značajne razlike između ljubitelja pasa i ljubitelja mačaka na osobinama ekstraverzije i otvorenosti u smjeru da ljubitelji pasa postižu više rezultate na objema osobinama. Na poduzorku muškaraca te su razlike utvrđene na osobinama ekstraverzije, otvorenosti i savjesnosti u smjeru da ljubitelji pasa postižu više rezultate. Razlike između ljubitelja pasa i ljubitelja mačaka nisu potvrđene na poduzorku žena. Buduća istraživanja trebala bi se usmjeriti i na druge osobine ličnosti te ispitivanje razlika među ljudima koji preferiraju druge vrste životinja.