Search

Your search keyword '"Šefčik P."' showing total 36 results
Start Over Author "Šefčik P."
36 results on '"Šefčik P."'

1. First constraints on general neutrino interactions based on KATRIN data

Author

Aker, M., Batzler, D., Beglarian, A., Beisenkötter, J., Biassoni, M., Bieringer, B., Biondi, Y., Block, F., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Carminati, M., Chatrabhuti, A., Chilingaryan, S., Daniel, B. A., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Fengler, C., Fiorini, C., Formaggio, J. A., Forstner, C., Fränkle, F. M., Gagliardi, G., Gauda, K., Gavin, A. S., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grössle, R., Gutknecht, N., Hannen, V., Hasselmann, L., Helbing, K., Henke, H., Heyns, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Khosonthongkee, K., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Kovač, N., La Cascio, L., Lasserre, T., Lauer, J., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Li, G., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., McMichael, K., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Mohanty, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Nava, A., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Onillon, A., Parno, D. S., Pavan, M., Pinsook, U., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ráliš, J., Ramachandran, S., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Salomon, R., Schäfer, P., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schürmann, J., Schütz, A. K., Schwemmer, A., Schwenck, A., Seeyangnok, J., Šefčík, M., Siegmann, D., Simon, F., Songwadhana, J., Spanier, F., Spreng, D., Sreethawong, W., Steidl, M., Štorek, J., Stribl, X., Sturm, M., Suwonjandee, N., Jerome, N. Tan, Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wetter, M., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Wydra, J., Xu, W., Zadorozhny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The precision measurement of the tritium $\beta$-decay spectrum performed by the KATRIN experiment provides a unique way to search for general neutrino interactions (GNI). All theoretical allowed GNI terms involving neutrinos are incorporated into a low-energy effective field theory, and can be identified by specific signatures in the measured tritium $\beta$-spectrum. In this paper an effective description of the impact of GNI on the $\beta$-spectrum is formulated and the first constraints on the effective GNI parameters are derived based on the 4 million electrons collected in the second measurement campaign of KATRIN in 2019. In addition, constraints on selected types of interactions are investigated, thereby exploring the potential of KATRIN to search for more specific new physics cases, including a right-handed W boson, a charged Higgs or leptoquarks.

Published
2024

2. Measurement of the electric potential and the magnetic field in the shifted analysing plane of the KATRIN experiment

Author

Aker, M., Batzler, D., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Beisenkötter, J., Biassoni, M., Bieringer, B., Biondi, Y., Block, F., Bobien, S., Böttcher, M., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Caldwell, T. S., Carminati, M., Chatrabhuti, A., Chilingaryan, S., Daniel, B. A., Debowski, K., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Fengler, C., Fiorini, C., Formaggio, J. A., Forstner, C., Fränkle, F. M., Gauda, K., Gavin, A. S., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Hasselmann, L., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Heyns, S., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Khosonthongkee, K., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Kovač, N., Krause, H., La Cascio, L., Lasserre, T., Lauer, J., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Li, G., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., McMichael, K., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Mohanty, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Nava, A., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Parno, D. S., Pavan, M., Pinsook, U., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Pozzi, S., Priester, F., Ráliš, J., Ramachandran, S., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Salomon, R., Schäfer, P., Schlösser, M., Schlösser, K., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schürmann, J., Schütz, A. K., Schwemmer, A., Schwenck, A., Šefčík, M., Siegmann, D., Simon, F., Spanier, F., Spreng, D., Sreethawong, W., Steidl, M., Štorek, J., Stribl, X., Sturm, M., Suwonjandee, N., Jerome, N. Tan, Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Wydra, J., Xu, W., Zadorozhny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The projected sensitivity of the effective electron neutrino-mass measurement with the KATRIN experiment is below 0.3 eV (90 % CL) after five years of data acquisition. The sensitivity is affected by the increased rate of the background electrons from KATRIN's main spectrometer. A special shifted-analysing-plane (SAP) configuration was developed to reduce this background by a factor of two. The complex layout of electromagnetic fields in the SAP configuration requires a robust method of estimating these fields. We present in this paper a dedicated calibration measurement of the fields using conversion electrons of gaseous $^\mathrm{83m}$Kr, which enables the neutrino-mass measurements in the SAP configuration., Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures

Published
2024

3. Direct neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data

Author

Aker, M., Batzler, D., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Beisenkötter, J., Biassoni, M., Bieringer, B., Biondi, Y., Block, F., Bobien, S., Böttcher, M., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Caldwell, T. S., Carminati, M., Chatrabhuti, A., Chilingaryan, S., Daniel, B. A., Debowski, K., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Fengler, C., Fiorini, C., Formaggio, J. A., Forstner, C., Fränkle, F. M., Gauda, K., Gavin, A. S., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Gutknecht, N., Hannen, V., Hasselmann, L., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Henke, H., Heyns, S., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Khosonthongkee, K., Kleifges, M., Klein, M., Kohpeiß, J., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Kovač, N., Kovalík, A., Krause, H., La Cascio, L., Lasserre, T., Lauer, J., Le, T., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Li, G., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Mohanty, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Nava, A., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Onillon, A., Parno, D. S., Pavan, M., Pinsook, U., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. Lopez, Pozzi, S., Priester, F., Ráliš, J., Ramachandran, S., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Salomon, R., Schäfer, P., Schlösser, M., Schlösser, K., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schnurr, U., Schrank, M., Schürmann, J., Schütz, A., Schwemmer, A., Schwenck, A., Šefčík, M., Siegmann, D., Simon, F., Spanier, F., Spreng, D., Sreethawong, W., Steidl, M., Štorek, J., Stribl, X., Sturm, M., Suwonjandee, N., Jerome, N. Tan, Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Tirolf, S., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Wydra, J., Xu, W., Zadorozhny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The fact that neutrinos carry a non-vanishing rest mass is evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles. Their absolute mass bears important relevance from particle physics to cosmology. In this work, we report on the search for the effective electron antineutrino mass with the KATRIN experiment. KATRIN performs precision spectroscopy of the tritium $\beta$-decay close to the kinematic endpoint. Based on the first five neutrino-mass measurement campaigns, we derive a best-fit value of $m_\nu^{2} = {-0.14^{+0.13}_{-0.15}}~\mathrm{eV^2}$, resulting in an upper limit of $m_\nu < {0.45}~\mathrm{eV}$ at 90 % confidence level. With six times the statistics of previous data sets, amounting to 36 million electrons collected in 259 measurement days, a substantial reduction of the background level and improved systematic uncertainties, this result tightens KATRIN's previous bound by a factor of almost two., Comment: 61 pages, 20 figures, 2 tables

Published
2024

4. Gamma-ray energies and intensities observed in decay chain $^{83}Rb$/$^{83m}Kr$/$^{83}Kr$

Author

Šefčík, M., Vénos, D., Lebeda, O., Noll, C., and Ráliš, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Radioactive sources of the monoenergetic low-energy conversion electrons from the decay of isomeric $^{83m}Kr$ are frequently used in the systematic measurements, particularly in the neutrino mass and dark matter experiments. For this purpose, the isomer is obtained by the decay of its parent radionuclide $^{83}Rb$. In order to get more precise data on the gamma-rays occuring in the $^{83}Rb$/$^{83m}Kr$ chain, we re-measured the relevant gamma-ray spectra, because the previous measurement took place in 1976. The obtained intensities are in fair agreement with this previous measurement. We have, however, improved the uncertainties by a factor of 4.3, identified a new gamma transition and determined more precisely energies of weaker gamma transitions., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Operation Modes of the KATRIN Experiment Tritium Loop System using $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr

Author

Marsteller, Alexander, Bornschein, Beate, Böttcher, Matthias, Drahoslav, Vénos, Enomoto, Sanshiro, Fengler, Caroline, Machatschek, Moritz, Ondřej, Lebeda, Priester, Florian, Ráliš, Jan, Röllig, Marco, Röttele, Carsten, Schlösser, Magnus, Šefčík, Michal, and Sturm, Michael

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims to search for the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV (90 % C.L.). In order to achieve this goal, KATRIN measurement phases focusing on the neutrino mass search are alternated with phases of investigations of systematic effects. During these phases, metastable $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr is used as a calibration source. The monoenergetic conversion electrons emitted accompanying the decay of $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr allow a direct access to the starting conditions of $\beta$-electrons produced inside the windowless gaseous tritium source (WGTS) of KATRIN. To make use of $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr in the WGTS, the Tritium Loop System, which provides a stable flow of tritium to the WGTS, needs to be operated in special modes. This paper focuses on the technical implementation of these modes and their performance with regard to the achievable $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr-rates, gas densities, and gas compositions inside the WGTS., Comment: 24 pages, 13 figures

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Search for keV-scale Sterile Neutrinos with first KATRIN Data

Author

Aker, M., Batzler, D., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gavin, A. S., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kleifges, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., La Cascio, L., Lasserre, T., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ráliš, J., Ramachandran, S., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Salomon, R., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, M., Schlösser, K., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schwemmer, A., Šefčík, M., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wetter, M., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Wydra, J., Xu, W., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

In this work we present a keV-scale sterile-neutrino search with the first tritium data of the KATRIN experiment, acquired in the commissioning run in 2018. KATRIN performs a spectroscopic measurement of the tritium $\beta$-decay spectrum with the main goal of directly determining the effective electron anti-neutrino mass. During this commissioning phase a lower tritium activity facilitated the search for sterile neutrinos with a mass of up to $1.6\, \mathrm{keV}$. We do not find a signal and set an exclusion limit on the sterile-to-active mixing amplitude of down to $\sin^2\theta < 5\cdot10^{-4}$ ($95\,\%$ C.L.), improving current laboratory-based bounds in the sterile-neutrino mass range between 0.1 and $1.0\, \mathrm{keV}$.

Published
2022

7. Search for Lorentz-Invariance Violation with the first KATRIN data

Author

Aker, M., Batzler, D., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gavin, A. S., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kleifges, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., La Cascio, L., Lasserre, T., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ráliš, J., Ramachandran, S., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Salomon, R., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, M., Schlösser, K., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schwemmer, A., Šefčík, M., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wetter, M., Wickles, J., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Wydra, J., Xu, W., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Some extensions of the Standard Model of Particle Physics allow for Lorentz invariance and Charge-Parity-Time (CPT)-invariance violations. In the neutrino sector strong constraints have been set by neutrino-oscillation and time-of-flight experiments. However, some Lorentz-invariance-violating parameters are not accessible via these probes. In this work, we focus on the parameters $(a_{\text{of}}^{(3)})_{00}$, $(a_{\text{of}}^{(3)})_{10}$ and $(a_{\text{of}}^{(3)})_{11}$ which would manifest themselves in a non-isotropic beta-decaying source as a sidereal oscillation and an overall shift of the spectral endpoint. Based on the data of the first scientific run of the KATRIN experiment, we set the first limit on $\left|(a_{\text{of}}^{(3)})_{11}\right|$ of $< 3.7\cdot10^{-6}$ GeV at 90\% confidence level. Moreover, we derive new constraints on $(a_{\text{of}}^{(3)})_{00}$ and $(a_{\text{of}}^{(3)})_{10}$.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. KATRIN: Status and Prospects for the Neutrino Mass and Beyond

Author

Aker, M., Balzer, M., Batzler, D., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Biassoni, M., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bombelli, L., Bormann, D., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brofferio, C., Bruch, C., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carminati, M., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Cremonesi, O., Debowski, K., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Fink, D., Fiorini, C., Formaggio, J. A., Forstner, C., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gavin, A. S., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grande, A., Grössle, R., Gugiatti, M., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Hartmann, J., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., King, P., Kleifges, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lechner, P., Lehnert, B., Le, T. L., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Manfrin, D., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Mazzola, E., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Nava, A., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Onillon, A., Parno, D. S., Pavan, M., Pigliafreddo, A., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Pozzi, S., Priester, F., Puritscher, M., Radford, D. C., Ráliš, J., Ramachandran, S., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Salomon, R. W. J., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schütz, A. K., Schwemmer, A., Sedlak, A., Šefčík, M., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Spreng, D., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trigilio, P., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Voigt, P., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, E., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wunderl, L., Wüstling, S., Wydra, J., Xu, W., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to measure a high-precision integral spectrum of the endpoint region of T2 beta decay, with the primary goal of probing the absolute mass scale of the neutrino. After a first tritium commissioning campaign in 2018, the experiment has been regularly running since 2019, and in its first two measurement campaigns has already achieved a sub-eV sensitivity. After 1000 days of data-taking, KATRIN's design sensitivity is 0.2 eV at the 90% confidence level. In this white paper we describe the current status of KATRIN; explore prospects for measuring the neutrino mass and other physics observables, including sterile neutrinos and other beyond-Standard-Model hypotheses; and discuss research-and-development projects that may further improve the KATRIN sensitivity., Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. 70 pages excluding references; 35 figures. Author list updated June 2023

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. New Constraint on the Local Relic Neutrino Background Overdensity with the First KATRIN Data Runs

Author

Aker, M., Batzler, D., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gavin, A. S., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, F., Kellerer, J., Kleifges, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., La Cascio, L., Lasserre, T., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ráliš, J., Ramachandran, S., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Salomon, R., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, M., Schlösser, K., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schwemmer, A., Šefčík, M., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wetter, M., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Wydra, J., Xu, W., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on the direct cosmic relic neutrino background search from the first two science runs of the KATRIN experiment in 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity molecular tritium gas source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter around the kinematic endpoint at 18.57 keV. The analysis is sensitive to a local relic neutrino overdensity of 9.7e10 (1.1e11) at a 90% (95%) confidence level. A fit of the integrated electron spectrum over a narrow interval around the kinematic endpoint accounting for relic neutrino captures in the Tritium source reveals no significant overdensity. This work improves the results obtained by the previous kinematic neutrino mass experiments at Los Alamos and Troitsk. We furthermore update the projected final sensitivity of the KATRIN experiment to <1e10 at 90% confidence level, by relying on updated operational conditions., Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Improved eV-scale Sterile-Neutrino Constraints from the Second KATRIN Measurement Campaign

Author

Aker, M., Batzler, D., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gavin, A. S., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kleifges, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., La Cascio, L., Lasserre, T., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ráliš, J., Ramachandran, S., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Salomon, R., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, M., Schlösser, K., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schwemmer, A., Šefčík, M., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wetter, M., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Wydra, J., Xu, W., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the results of the light sterile neutrino search from the second KATRIN measurement campaign in 2019. Approaching nominal activity, $3.76 \times 10^6$ tritium $\beta$-electrons are analyzed in an energy window extending down to $40\,$eV below the tritium endpoint at $E_0 = 18.57\,$keV. We consider the $3\nu+1$ framework with three active and one sterile neutrino flavor. The analysis is sensitive to a fourth mass eigenstate $m_4^2\lesssim1600\,$eV$^2$ and active-to-sterile mixing $|U_{e4}|^2 \gtrsim 6 \times 10^{-3}$. As no sterile-neutrino signal was observed, we provide improved exclusion contours on $m_4^2$ and $|U_{e4}|^2$ at $95\,$% C.L. Our results supersede the limits from the Mainz and Troitsk experiments. Furthermore, we are able to exclude the large $\Delta m_{41}^2$ solutions of the reactor antineutrino and gallium anomalies to a great extent. The latter has recently been reaffirmed by the BEST collaboration and could be explained by a sterile neutrino with large mixing. While the remaining solutions at small $\Delta m_{41}^2$ are mostly excluded by short-baseline reactor experiments, KATRIN is the only ongoing laboratory experiment to be sensitive to relevant solutions at large $\Delta m_{41}^2$ through a robust spectral shape analysis., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Improving a neural network model by explanation-guided training for glioma classification based on MRI data

Author

Sefcik, Frantisek and Benesova, Wanda

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) systems have come to the forefront. These systems, mostly based on Deep learning (DL), achieve excellent results in areas such as image processing, natural language processing, or speech recognition. Despite the statistically high accuracy of deep learning models, their output is often a decision of "black box". Thus, Interpretability methods have become a popular way to gain insight into the decision-making process of deep learning models. Explanation of a deep learning model is desirable in the medical domain since the experts have to justify their judgments to the patient. In this work, we proposed a method for explanation-guided training that uses a Layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) technique to force the model to focus only on the relevant part of the image. We experimentally verified our method on a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for low-grade and high-grade glioma classification problems. Our experiments show promising results in a way to use interpretation techniques in the model training process., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021

12. First direct neutrino-mass measurement with sub-eV sensitivity

Author

Aker, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., La Cascio, L., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Gupta, V., Höhn, T., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, F., Kellerer, J., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schaller, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Schwemmer, A., Šefčík, M., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report the results of the second measurement campaign of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment. KATRIN probes the effective electron anti-neutrino mass, $m_{\nu}$, via a high-precision measurement of the tritium $\beta$-decay spectrum close to its endpoint at $18.6\,\mathrm{keV}$. In the second physics run presented here, the source activity was increased by a factor of 3.8 and the background was reduced by $25\,\%$ with respect to the first campaign. A sensitivity on $m_{\nu}$ of $0.7\,\mathrm{eV/c^2}$ at $90\,\%$ confidence level (CL) was reached. This is the first sub-eV sensitivity from a direct neutrino-mass experiment. The best fit to the spectral data yields $m_{\nu}^2 = (0.26\pm0.34)\,\mathrm{eV^4/c^4}$, resulting in an upper limit of $m_{\nu}<0.9\,\mathrm{eV/c^2}$ ($90\,\%$ CL). By combining this result with the first neutrino mass campaign, we find an upper limit of $m_{\nu}<0.8\,\mathrm{eV/c^2}$ ($90\,\%$ CL)., Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables

Published
2021

13. Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment

Author

Aker, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Miniawy, A. El, Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Groh, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Heizmann, F., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Le, T. L., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Meier, M., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schaller, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Schwachtgen, C., Šefčík, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The KATRIN experiment is designed for a direct and model-independent determination of the effective electron anti-neutrino mass via a high-precision measurement of the tritium $\beta$-decay endpoint region with a sensitivity on $m_\nu$ of 0.2$\,$eV/c$^2$ (90% CL). For this purpose, the $\beta$-electrons from a high-luminosity windowless gaseous tritium source traversing an electrostatic retarding spectrometer are counted to obtain an integral spectrum around the endpoint energy of 18.6$\,$keV. A dominant systematic effect of the response of the experimental setup is the energy loss of $\beta$-electrons from elastic and inelastic scattering off tritium molecules within the source. We determined the \linebreak energy-loss function in-situ with a pulsed angular-selective and monoenergetic photoelectron source at various tritium-source densities. The data was recorded in integral and differential modes; the latter was achieved by using a novel time-of-flight technique. We developed a semi-empirical parametrization for the energy-loss function for the scattering of 18.6-keV electrons from hydrogen isotopologs. This model was fit to measurement data with a 95% T$_2$ gas mixture at 30$\,$K, as used in the first KATRIN neutrino mass analyses, as well as a D$_2$ gas mixture of 96% purity used in KATRIN commissioning runs. The achieved precision on the energy-loss function has abated the corresponding uncertainty of $\sigma(m_\nu^2)<10^{-2}\,\mathrm{eV}^2$ [arXiv:2101.05253] in the KATRIN neutrino-mass measurement to a subdominant level., Comment: 12 figures, 18 pages; to be submitted to EPJ C

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. The Design, Construction, and Commissioning of the KATRIN Experiment

Author

Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Amsbaugh, J. F., Arenz, M., Babutzka, M., Bast, J., Bauer, S., Bechtler, H., Beck, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Bender, B., Berendes, R., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bettin, C., Bieringer, B., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bohn, J., Bokeloh, K., Bolz, H., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Bouquet, H., Boyd, N. M., Brunst, T., Burritt, T. H., Caldwell, T. S., Chaoui, Z., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Corona, T. J., Cox, G. A., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dunmore, J. A., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eichelhardt, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Erhard, M., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Felden, A., Fischer, S., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Frenzel, H., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gehring, R., Gil, W., Glück, F., Görhardt, S., Grimm, J., Grohmann, S., Groh, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Häßler, D., Hannen, V., Harms, F., Harper, G. C., Hartmann, J., Haußmann, N., Heizmann, F., Helbing, K., Held, M., Hickford, S., Hilk, D., Hillen, B., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Holzmann, S., Horn, S., Hötzel, M., Houdy, T., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., James, T., Jansen, A., Kaiser, M., Karl, C., Kazachenko, O., Kellerer, J., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Klein, M., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kosmider, A., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kraus, M., Kuckert, L., Kumb, A., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Leber, M. L., Lehnert, B., Leiber, B., Letnev, J., Lewis, R. J., Le, T. L., Lichter, S., Lokhov, A., Poyato, J. M. Lopez, Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Mehret, K., Meloni, M., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Minter, L. I., Monreal, B., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Myers, A. W., Naumann, U., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Off, A., Ortjohann, H. -W., Osipowicz, A., Ostrick, B., Parno, D. S., Peterson, D. A., Plischke, P., Poon, A. W. P., Prall, M., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Reich, J., Renschler, P., Rest, O., Rinderspacher, R., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Rohr, P., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Rupp, S., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Sagawe, M., Schäfer, P., Schaller, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schön, H., Schönung, K., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Schwarz, J., Šefčík, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Seller, W., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Valerius, K., VanDevender, B. A., Van Wechel, T. D., Vénos, D., Verbeek, A., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Vogt, K., Wall, B. L., Wandkowsky, N., Weber, M., Weingardt, H., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wierman, K. J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zacher, M., Zadoroghny, S., Zboril, M., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, which aims to make a direct and model-independent determination of the absolute neutrino mass scale, is a complex experiment with many components. More than 15 years ago, we published a technical design report (TDR) [https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/270060419] to describe the hardware design and requirements to achieve our sensitivity goal of 0.2 eV at 90% C.L. on the neutrino mass. Since then there has been considerable progress, culminating in the publication of first neutrino mass results with the entire beamline operating [arXiv:1909.06048]. In this paper, we document the current state of all completed beamline components (as of the first neutrino mass measurement campaign), demonstrate our ability to reliably and stably control them over long times, and present details on their respective commissioning campaigns., Comment: Added missing acknowledgement, corrected performance statement in chapter 4.2.5, updated author list and references

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Analysis methods for the first KATRIN neutrino-mass measurement

Author

Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., La Cascio, L., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Barrero, D. Díaz, Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Fedkevych, M., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Höhn, T., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Köllenberger, L., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kippenbrock, L., Klein, M., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Lasserre, T., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Lokhov, A., Poyato, J. M. Lopez, Müller, K., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Osipowicz, A., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Priester, F., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Rest, O., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schaller, A., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Šefčík, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Sun, M., Telle, H. H., Thümmler, T., Thorne, L. A., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Vénos, D., Valerius, K., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Wüstling, S., Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report on the data set, data handling, and detailed analysis techniques of the first neutrino-mass measurement by the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, which probes the absolute neutrino-mass scale via the $\beta$-decay kinematics of molecular tritium. The source is highly pure, cryogenic T$_2$ gas. The $\beta$ electrons are guided along magnetic field lines toward a high-resolution, integrating spectrometer for energy analysis. A silicon detector counts $\beta$ electrons above the energy threshold of the spectrometer, so that a scan of the thresholds produces a precise measurement of the high-energy spectral tail. After detailed theoretical studies, simulations, and commissioning measurements, extending from the molecular final-state distribution to inelastic scattering in the source to subtleties of the electromagnetic fields, our independent, blind analyses allow us to set an upper limit of 1.1 eV on the neutrino-mass scale at a 90\% confidence level. This first result, based on a few weeks of running at a reduced source intensity and dominated by statistical uncertainty, improves on prior limits by nearly a factor of two. This result establishes an analysis framework for future KATRIN measurements, and provides important input to both particle theory and cosmology., Comment: 36 pages with 26 figures. Accepted to Phys. Rev. D

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Bound on 3+1 active-sterile neutrino mixing from the first four-week science run of KATRIN

Author

Aker, M., Altenmueller, K., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Boettcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., La Cascio, L., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Barrero, D. Diaz, Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, M. Fedkevych A., Formaggio, J. A., Fraenkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glueck, F., Groessle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hoehn, T., Hannen, V., Haussmann, N., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Koellenberger, L., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kippenbrock, L., Klein, M., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalik, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Lasserre, T., Le, T. L., Lebeda, O., Guennic, N. Le, Lehnert, B., Lokhov, A., Poyato, J. M. Lopez, Mueller, K., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Melzer, C., Mertens, S., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Osipowicz, A., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Priester, F., Roellig, M., Roettele, C., Rest, O., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Rysavy, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schaller, A., Schaefer, P., Schimpf, L., Schloesser, M., Schloesser, K., Schlueter, L., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Sefcik, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezak, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Sun, M., Telle, H. H., Thuemmler, T., Thorne, L. A., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Venos, D., Valerius, K., Hernandez, A. P. Vizcaya, Wuestling, S., Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report on the light sterile neutrino search from the first four-week science run of the KATRIN experiment in~2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter down to 40 eV below the endpoint at 18.57 keV. We consider the framework with three active neutrinos and one sterile neutrino of mass $m_{4}$. The analysis is sensitive to a fourth mass state $m^2_{4} \lesssim$ 1000 eV$^2$ and to active-to-sterile neutrino mixing down to $|U_{e4}|^2 \gtrsim 2\cdot10^{-2}$. No significant spectral distortion is observed and exclusion bounds on the sterile mass and mixing are reported. These new limits supersede the Mainz results and improve the Troitsk bound for $m^2_{4} <$ 30 eV$^2$. The reactor and gallium anomalies are constrained for $ 100 < \Delta{m}^2_{41} < 1000$ eV$^2$., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. GEMAS: Chemical weathering of silicate parent materials revealed by agricultural soil of Europe

Author

Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M.J., Bel-lan, A., Cicchella, D., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flem, B., Flight, D.M.A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D.P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Matschullat, J., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B.I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R.G., Mol, G., O'Connor, P., Oorts, R.K., Ottesen, R.T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A.J., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Négrel, Philippe, Ladenberger, Anna, Reimann, Clemens, Demetriades, Alecos, Birke, Manfred, and Sadeghi, Martiya

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Fusion of laser diffraction and chord length distribution data for estimation of particle size distribution using multi-objective optimisation

Author

Agimelen, Okpeafoh S., Ferreira, Carla, Ahmed, Bilal, Cardona, Javier, Chen, Yi-chieh, Florence, Alastair J., Andonovic, Ivan, Sefcik, Jan, and Mulholland, Anthony J.

Subjects
Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

The in situ measurement of the particle size distribution (PSD) of a suspension of particles presents huge challenges. Various effects from the process could introduce noise to the data from which the PSD is estimated. This in turn could lead to the occurrence of artificial peaks in the estimated PSD. Limitations in the models used in the PSD estimation could also lead to the occurrence of these artificial peaks. This could pose a significant challenge to in situ monitoring of particulate processes, as there will be no independent estimate of the PSD to allow a discrimination of the artificial peaks to be carried out. Here, we present an algorithm which is capable of discriminating between artificial and true peaks in PSD estimates based on fusion of multiple data streams. In this case, chord length distribution and laser diffraction data have been used. The data fusion is done by means of multi-objective optimisation using the weighted sum approach. The algorithm is applied to two different particle suspensions. The estimated PSDs from the algorithm are compared with offline estimates of PSD from the Malvern Mastersizer and Morphologi G3. The results show that the algorithm is capable of eliminating an artificial peak in a PSD estimate when this artificial peak is sufficiently displaced from the true peak. However, when the artificial peak is too close to the true peak, it is only suppressed but not completely eliminated., Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, manuscript to be submitted to the Journal of Chemical Engineering Science

Published
2018

19. The ALICE trigger system for LHC Run 3

Author

Krivda, M., Evans, D., Graham, K. L., Jusko, A., Lietava, R., Baillie, O. Villalobos, Zardoshti, N., Bombara, M., Sefcik, M., Kralik, I, and Moreno, L. A. Perez

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The ALICE Central Trigger Processor (CTP) is going to be upgraded for LHC Run 3 with completely new hardware and a new Trigger and Timing Control (TTC-PON) system based on a Passive Optical Network (PON) system. The new trigger system has been designed as dead time free and able to transmit trigger data at 9.6 Gbps. A new universal trigger board has been designed, where by changing the FMC card, it can function as a CTP or as a LTU. It is based on the Xilinx Kintex Ultrascale FPGA and upgraded TTC-PON. The new trigger system and the prototype of the trigger board will be presented., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to Proceedings of the Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics (TWEPP 2017), University of Santa Cruz, California USA, September 11th-14th 2017

Published
2017

20. Monitoring crystal breakage in wet milling processes using inline imaging and chord length distribution measurements

Author

Agimelen, Okpeafoh S., Svoboda, Vaclav, Ahmed, Bilal, Cardona, Javier, Dziewierz, Jerzy, Brown, Cameron J., McGlone, Thomas, Cleary, Alison, Tachtatzis, Christos, Michie, Craig, Florence, Alastair J., Andonovic, Ivan, Mulholland, Anthony J., and Sefcik, Jan

Subjects
Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

The success of the various secondary operations involved in the production of particulate products depends on the production of particles with a desired size and shape from a previous primary operation such as crystallisation. This is because these properties of size and shape affect the behaviour of the particles in the secondary processes. The size and the shape of the particles are very sensitive to the conditions of the crystallisation processes, and so control of these processes is essential. This control requires the development of software tools that can effectively and efficiently process the sensor data captured in situ. However, these tools have various strengths and limitations depending on the process conditions and the nature of the particles. In this work, we employ wet milling of crystalline particles as a case study of a process which produces effects typical to crystallisation processes. We study some of the strengths and limitations of our previously introduced tools for estimating the particle size distribution (PSD) and the aspect ratio from chord length distribution (CLD) and imaging data. We find situations where the CLD tool works better than the imaging tool and vice versa. However, in general both tools complement each other, and can therefore be employed in a suitable multi-objective optimisation approach to estimate PSD and aspect ratio., Comment: 33 pages, 18 figures, to be submitted to Elsevier

Published
2017

21. Modelling of artefacts in estimations of particle size of needle-like particles from laser diffraction measurements

Author

Agimelen, Okpeafoh S., Mulholland, Anthony J., and Sefcik, Jan

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

Manufacturing of particulate products across many industries relies on accurate measurements of particle size distributions in dispersions or powders. Laser diffraction (or small angle light scattering) is commonly used, usually off-line, for particle size measurements. The estimation of particle sizes by this method requires the solution of an inverse problem using a suitable scattering model that takes into account size, shape and optical properties of the particles. However, laser diffraction instruments are usually accompanied by software that employs a default scattering model for spherical particles, which is then used to solve the inverse problem even though a significant number of particulate products occur in strongly non-spherical shapes such as needles. In this work, we demonstrate that using the spherical model for the estimation of sizes of needle-like particles can lead to the appearance of artefacts in the form of multimodal populations of particles with size modes much smaller than those actually present in the sample. This effect can result in a significant under-estimation of the mean particle size and in false modes in estimated particles size distributions., Comment: 28 pages 8 figures accepted in the journal of Chemical Engineering Science

Published
2016

22. GEMAS: Geochemical distribution of Mg in agricultural soil of Europe

Author

Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M.J., Bel-lan, A., Cicchella, D., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flem, B., Flight, D.M.A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D.P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Matschullat, J., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B.I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R.G., Mol, G., O'Connor, P., Oorts, R.K., Ottesen, R.T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A.J., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Négrel, Philippe, Ladenberger, Anna, Reimann, Clemens, Birke, Manfred, Demetriades, Alecos, and Sadeghi, Martiya

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Integration of in situ Imaging and Chord Length Distribution Measurements for Estimation of Particle Size and Shape

Author

Agimelen, Okpeafoh S., Jawor-Baczynska, Anna, McGinty, John, Tachtatzis, Christos, Dziewierz, Jerzy, Haley, Ian, Sefcik, Jan, and Mulholland, Anthony J.

Subjects
Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, 65K10, 65K99
Abstract

Efficient processing of particulate products across various manufacturing steps requires that particles possess desired attributes such as size and shape. Controlling the particle production process to obtain required attributes will be greatly facilitated using robust algorithms providing the size and shape information of the particles from in situ measurements. However, obtaining particle size and shape information in situ during manufacturing has been a big challenge. This is because the problem of estimating particle size and shape (aspect ratio) from signals provided by in-line measuring tools is often ill posed, and therefore it calls for appropriate constraints to be imposed on the problem. One way to constrain uncertainty in estimation of particle size and shape from in-line measurements is to combine data from different measurements such as chord length distribution (CLD) and imaging. This paper presents two different methods for combining imaging and CLD data obtained with in-line tools in order to get reliable estimates of particle size distribution and aspect ratio, where the imaging data is used to constrain the search space for an aspect ratio from the CLD data., Comment: 60 pages, 32 figures, accepted in the Chemical Engineering Science journal

Published
2015

24. Estimation of Particle Size Distribution and Aspect Ratio of Non-Spherical Particles From Chord Length Distribution

Author

Agimelen, Okpeafoh S., Hamilton, Peter, Haley, Ian, Nordon, Alison, Vasile, Massimiliano, Sefcik, Jan, and Mulholland, Anthony J.

Subjects
Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

Information about size and shape of particles produced in various manufacturing processes is very important for process and product development because design of downstream processes as well as final product properties strongly depend on these geometrical particle attributes. However, recovery of particle size and shape information in situ during crystallisation processes has been a major challenge. The focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) provides the chord length distribution (CLD) of a population of particles in a suspension flowing close to the sensor window. Recovery of size and shape information from the CLD requires a model relating particle size and shape to its CLD as well as solving the corresponding inverse problem. This paper presents a comprehensive algorithm which produces estimates of particle size distribution and particle aspect ratio from measured CLD data. While the algorithm searches for a global best solution to the inverse problem without requiring further a priori information on the range of particle sizes present in the population or aspect ratio of particles, suitable regularisation techniques based on relevant additional information can be implemented as required to obtain physically reasonable size distributions. We used the algorithm to analyse CLD data for samples of needle-like crystalline particles of various lengths using two previously published CLD models for ellipsoids and for thin cylinders to estimate particle size distribution and shape. We found that the thin cylinder model yielded significantly better agreement with experimental data, while estimated particle size distributions and aspect ratios were in good agreement with those obtained from imaging., Comment: 30 pages, 9 figures, accepted in the Chemical Engineering Science Journal

Published
2014

25. GEMAS: Chemical weathering of silicate parent materials revealed by agricultural soil of Europe

Author

Négrel, Philippe, primary, Ladenberger, Anna, additional, Reimann, Clemens, additional, Demetriades, Alecos, additional, Birke, Manfred, additional, Sadeghi, Martiya, additional, Albanese, S., additional, Andersson, M., additional, Baritz, R., additional, Batista, M.J., additional, Bel-lan, A., additional, Cicchella, D., additional, De Vivo, B., additional, De Vos, W., additional, Dinelli, E., additional, Ďuriš, M., additional, Dusza-Dobek, A., additional, Eklund, M., additional, Ernstsen, V., additional, Filzmoser, P., additional, Flem, B., additional, Flight, D.M.A., additional, Forrester, S., additional, Fuchs, M., additional, Fügedi, U., additional, Gilucis, A., additional, Gosar, M., additional, Gregorauskiene, V., additional, De Groot, W., additional, Gulan, A., additional, Halamić, J., additional, Haslinger, E., additional, Hayoz, P., additional, Hoffmann, R., additional, Hoogewerff, J., additional, Hrvatovic, H., additional, Husnjak, S., additional, Janik, L., additional, Jordan, G., additional, Kaminari, M., additional, Kirby, J., additional, Kivisilla, J., additional, Klos, V., additional, Krone, F., additional, Kwećko, P., additional, Kuti, L., additional, Lima, A., additional, Locutura, J., additional, Lucivjansky, D.P., additional, Mann, A., additional, Mackovych, D., additional, Matschullat, J., additional, McLaughlin, M., additional, Malyuk, B.I., additional, Maquil, R., additional, Meuli, R.G., additional, Mol, G., additional, O'Connor, P., additional, Oorts, R.K., additional, Ottesen, R.T., additional, Pasieczna, A., additional, Petersell, W., additional, Pfleiderer, S., additional, Poňavič, M., additional, Pramuka, S., additional, Prazeres, C., additional, Rauch, U., additional, Radusinović, S., additional, Salpeteur, I., additional, Scanlon, R., additional, Schedl, A., additional, Scheib, A.J., additional, Schoeters, I., additional, Šefčik, P., additional, Sellersjö, E., additional, Skopljak, F., additional, Slaninka, I., additional, Šorša, A., additional, Srvkota, R., additional, Stafilov, T., additional, Tarvainen, T., additional, Trendavilov, V., additional, Valera, P., additional, Verougstraete, V., additional, Vidojević, D., additional, Zissimos, A., additional, and Zomeni, Z., additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. GEMAS: Geochemical distribution of Mg in agricultural soil of Europe

Author

Négrel, Philippe, primary, Ladenberger, Anna, additional, Reimann, Clemens, additional, Birke, Manfred, additional, Demetriades, Alecos, additional, Sadeghi, Martiya, additional, Albanese, S., additional, Andersson, M., additional, Baritz, R., additional, Batista, M.J., additional, Bel-lan, A., additional, Cicchella, D., additional, De Vivo, B., additional, De Vos, W., additional, Dinelli, E., additional, Ďuriš, M., additional, Dusza-Dobek, A., additional, Eklund, M., additional, Ernstsen, V., additional, Filzmoser, P., additional, Flem, B., additional, Flight, D.M.A., additional, Forrester, S., additional, Fuchs, M., additional, Fügedi, U., additional, Gilucis, A., additional, Gosar, M., additional, Gregorauskiene, V., additional, De Groot, W., additional, Gulan, A., additional, Halamić, J., additional, Haslinger, E., additional, Hayoz, P., additional, Hoffmann, R., additional, Hoogewerff, J., additional, Hrvatovic, H., additional, Husnjak, S., additional, Janik, L., additional, Jordan, G., additional, Kaminari, M., additional, Kirby, J., additional, Kivisilla, J., additional, Klos, V., additional, Krone, F., additional, Kwećko, P., additional, Kuti, L., additional, Lima, A., additional, Locutura, J., additional, Lucivjansky, D.P., additional, Mann, A., additional, Mackovych, D., additional, Matschullat, J., additional, McLaughlin, M., additional, Malyuk, B.I., additional, Maquil, R., additional, Meuli, R.G., additional, Mol, G., additional, O'Connor, P., additional, Oorts, R.K., additional, Ottesen, R.T., additional, Pasieczna, A., additional, Petersell, W., additional, Pfleiderer, S., additional, Poňavič, M., additional, Pramuka, S., additional, Prazeres, C., additional, Rauch, U., additional, Radusinović, S., additional, Salpeteur, I., additional, Scanlon, R., additional, Schedl, A., additional, Scheib, A.J., additional, Schoeters, I., additional, Šefčik, P., additional, Sellersjö, E., additional, Skopljak, F., additional, Slaninka, I., additional, Šorša, A., additional, Srvkota, R., additional, Stafilov, T., additional, Tarvainen, T., additional, Trendavilov, V., additional, Valera, P., additional, Verougstraete, V., additional, Vidojević, D., additional, Zissimos, A., additional, and Zomeni, Z., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. GEMAS: Cadmium distribution and its sources in agricultural and grazing land soil of Europe - Original data versus clr-transformed data

Author

BIRKE M., REIMANN C, RAUCH U., LADENBERGER A., DEMETRIADES A., JÄHNEKLINGBERG F., OORTS K, GOSAR M., DINELLI D., HALAMIĆ J., ALBANESE S., ANDERSSON M., BARITZ R., BATISTA M. J., BEL-IAN A., CICCHELLA D., DE VIVO B., DE VOS W., ĎURIŠ M., DUSZA-DOBEK A., EGGEN O. A., EKLUND M., ERNSTEN V., FILZMOSER, FLIGHT D. M. A., FORRESTER S., FÜGEDI U., GILCUCIS A., GREGORAUSKIENE V., DE GROOT W., GULAN A., HASLINGER E., HAYOZ P., HOOGEWERFF J., HRVATOVIC H., HUSNJAK S., JANIK L., JORDAN G., KAMINARI M., KIRBY J., KLOS V., KWEĆKO P., KUTI L., LIMA A., LOCUTURA J., LUCIVJANSKY P., MANN A., MACKOVYCH D., MCLAUGHLIN M., MALYUK B. I., MAQUIL R., MEULI R. G., MOL G., NÉGREL P., O’CONNOR P., OTTESEN R. T., PASNIECZNA A., PETERSELL V., PFLEIDERER S., POŇAVIČ M., PRAZERES C., RADUSINOVIĆ S., SALPETEUR I., SADEGHI M., SCANLON R., SCHEDL A., SCHEIB A., SCHOETERS I., ŠEFČIK P., SELLERSJÖ E., SLANINKA I., SORIANO-DISLA J. M., ŠORŠA A., SVRKOTA R., STAFILOV T., TARVAINEN T., TENDAVILOV V., VALERA P., VEROUGSTRAETE V., VIDOJEVIĆ D., ZOMENI Z., ZISSIMOS A., Birke, Manfred, Reimann, Clemen, Rauch, Uwe, Ladenberger, Anna, Demetriades, Aleco, Jähne-Klingberg, Fabian, Oorts, Koen, Gosar, Mateja, Dinelli, Enrico, Halamić, Josip, Birke, M., Reimann, C, Rauch, U., Ladenberger, A., Demetriades, A., Jähneklingberg, F., Oorts, K, Gosar, M., Dinelli, D., Halamić, J., Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., BEL-IAN, A., Cicchella, D., DE VIVO, B., DE VOS, W., Ďuriš, M., DUSZA-DOBEK, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernsten, V., Filzmoser, Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fügedi, U., Gilcucis, A., Gregorauskiene, V., DE GROOT, W., Gulan, A., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Négrel, P., O’Connor, P., Ottesen, R. T., Pasnieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Radusinović, S., Salpeteur, I., Sadeghi, M., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., SORIANO-DISLA, J. M., Šorša, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Tendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zomeni, Z., and Zissimos, A.

Subjects
Cadmium, Agricultural soil, Compositional data analysis, PCA, Continental-scale geochemical mapping, Europe, Soil test, Weathering, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Compositional data analysi, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, Grazing, Aqua regia, Glacial period, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, business.industry, Anomaly (natural sciences), chemistry, Agriculture, Economic Geology, Quaternary, business, Geology
Abstract

Over 4000 agricultural and grazing land soil samples were collected for the “Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural and Grazing Land Soil of Europe” (GEMAS) project carried out by the EuroGeoSurveys Geochemistry Expert Group. The samples were collected in 33 European countries, covering 5.6 million km 2 at a density of 1 sample site per 2500 km 2 . All samples were analysed by ICP-MS following an aqua regia extraction. The European median Cd concentration is 0.182 mg/kg in agricultural soil and 0.197 mg/kg in grazing land soil (including eastern Ukraine). The Cd map demonstrates the existence of two different geochemical background regimes in northern and southern Europe, separated by the southern limit of the Quaternary glaciation. Cadmium shows two times higher background concentrations in the older and more weathered southern European soil than in northern European soil. The spatial distribution patterns of Cd in the collected soil samples are mainly governed by geology (parent material and mineralisation), as well as weathering, soil formation and climate since the last glaciation period. Locally, in several areas, the natural anomaly pattern is overprinted by anthropogenic emissions from former mining, ore processing and related metal industries. Some Cd anomalies can be attributed to urbanisation and the use of fertilisers. A comparison of the raw data Cd concentration map with its clr-transformed counterpart and selected single element ratio maps demonstrates that substantial additional information about sources and processes governing the distribution of Cd in agricultural soil at the European scale can be obtained. Results of a PCA, carried out following the classical approach (standardised) versus a PCA based on the statistically acceptable approach, using clr-transformed data, are quite comparable.

Published
2017

28. Bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr in European soils: A baseline for provenancing studies

Author

Hoogewerff, Jurian A., primary, Reimann, Clemens, additional, Ueckermann, Henriette, additional, Frei, Robert, additional, Frei, Karin M., additional, van Aswegen, Thalita, additional, Stirling, Claudine, additional, Reid, Malcolm, additional, Clayton, Aaron, additional, Ladenberger, Anna, additional, Albanese, S., additional, Andersson, M., additional, Baritz, R., additional, Batista, M.J., additional, Bel-lan, A., additional, Birke, M., additional, Cicchella, D., additional, Demetriades, A., additional, De Vivo, B., additional, De Vos, W., additional, Dinelli, E., additional, Ďuriš, M., additional, Dusza-Dobek, A., additional, Eggen, O.A., additional, Eklund, M., additional, Ernstsen, V., additional, Filzmoser, P., additional, Flight, D.M.A, additional, Forrester, S., additional, Fuchs, M., additional, Fügedi, U., additional, Gilucis, A., additional, Gregorauskiene, V., additional, De Groot, W., additional, Gulan, A., additional, Halamić, J., additional, Haslinger, E., additional, Hayoz, P., additional, Hoffmann, R., additional, Hrvatovic, H., additional, Husnjak, S., additional, Janik, L., additional, Jordan, G., additional, Kaminari, M., additional, Kirby, J., additional, Kivisilla, J., additional, Klos, V., additional, Krone, F., additional, Kwećko, F., additional, Kuti, L., additional, Lima, A., additional, Locutura, J., additional, Lucivjansky, D.P, additional, Mann, A., additional, Mackovych, D., additional, Matschullat, J., additional, McLaughlin, M., additional, Malyuk, B.I, additional, Maquil, R., additional, Meuli, R.G., additional, Mol, G., additional, Negrel, P., additional, Connor, O., additional, Oorts, R.K, additional, Ottesen, R.T., additional, Pasieczna, A., additional, Petersell, W., additional, Pfleiderer, S.., additional, Poňavič, M., additional, Pramuka, S, additional, Prazeres, C., additional, Rauch, U., additional, Radusinović, S., additional, Reimann, C., additional, Sadeghi, M., additional, Salpeteur, I., additional, Scanlon, R., additional, Schedl, A., additional, Scheib, A.J, additional, Schoeters, I., additional, Šefčik, P., additional, Sellersjö, E., additional, Skopljak, F., additional, Slaninka, I., additional, Soriano-Disla, J.M., additional, Šorša, A., additional, Srvkota, R., additional, Stafilov, T., additional, Tarvainen, T., additional, Trendavilov, V., additional, Valera, P., additional, Verougstraete, V., additional, Vidojević, D., additional, Zissimos, A., additional, and Zomeni, Z., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Geochemical fingerprinting and sources discrimination in soils and sediments at continental scale

Author

Négrel, P., Sadeghi, M., Ladenberger, A., Reimann, C., Birke, M., ALBANESE, STEFANO, Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel lan, A., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., DE VIVO, BENEDETTO, De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Fabian, K., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., de Caritat, P., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., LIMA, ANNAMARIA, Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., O’Connor, P., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E, Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Turner, N., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, A. Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, Négrel, P., Sadeghi, M., Ladenberger, A., Reimann, C., Birke, M., Albanese, Stefano, Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel lan, A., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., DE VIVO, Benedetto, De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Fabian, K., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., de Caritat, P., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, Annamaria, Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., O’Connor, P., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E, Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Turner, N., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, A. Zissimo, and Z., Zomeni

Abstract

2108 agricultural soil samples (Ap-horizon, 0-20 cm) were collected in Europe (33 countries, area 5.6 million km(2)) as part of the recently completed GEMAS (GEochemical Mapping of Agricultural and grazing land Soil) soil mapping project. GEMAS soil data have been used to provide a general view of element origin and mobility with a main focus on source parent material (and source rocks) at the continental scale, either by reference to average crustal abundances or to normalized patterns of element mobility during weathering processes. The survey area covers a large territory with diverse types of soil parent materials, with distinct geological history and a wide range of climate zones, and landscapes. To normalize the chemical composition of European agricultural soil, mean values and standard deviation of the selected elements have been compared to model compositions of the upper continental crust (UCC) and mean European river suspended sediment. Some elements are enriched relative to the UCC (Al, P, Pb, Zr,) whereas others, such as Mg, Na and Sr are depleted. The concept of the UCC extended normalization pattern has been applied to selected elements. The mean values of Rb, K, Y, Ti, Al, Si, Zr, Ce and Fe are very similar to the values from the UCC model, even when standard deviations indicate slight enrichment or depletion. Zirconium has the best fit to the UCC model using both mean value and standard deviation. Lead and Cr are enriched in European soil when compared to the UCC model, but their standard deviation values span a large, particularly towards very low values, which can be interpreted as a lithological effect. GEMAS soil data have been normalized to Al and Na, taking into account themain lithologies of the UCC, in order to discriminate provenance sources. Additionally, sodium normalization highlights variations related to the soluble and insoluble behavior of some elements (e.g., K, Rb versus Ti, Al, Si, V, Y, Zr, Ba, and La, respectively), their reactivity (e.g, Fe, Mn, Zn) and association with carbonates (e.g., Ca and Sr). Maps of Europe showing the spatial distribution of normalized compositions and element ratios reveal difficulties with the use of classical element ratios because of the large lithological differences in compositions of soil parent material. The ratio maps and color composite images extracted from the GEMAS data can help to discriminate the main lithologies in Europe at the regional scale but need to be used with caution due to the complexity of superimposed processes responsible for the soil chemical composition.

Published
2015

30. GEMAS: CNS concentrations and C/N ratios in European agricultural soil

Author

Matschullat, Jörg, primary, Reimann, Clemens, additional, Birke, Manfred, additional, dos Santos Carvalho, Debora, additional, Albanese, S., additional, Anderson, M., additional, Baritz, R., additional, Batista, M.J., additional, Bel-Ian, A., additional, Cicchella, D., additional, Demetriades, A., additional, De Vivo, B., additional, De Vos, W., additional, Dinelli, E., additional, Ďuriš, M., additional, Dusza-Dobek, A., additional, Eggen, O.A., additional, Eklund, M., additional, Ernsten, V., additional, Fabian, K., additional, Filzmoser, P., additional, Flight, D.M.A., additional, Forrester, S., additional, Fügedi, U., additional, Gilucis, A., additional, Gosar, M., additional, Gregorauskiene, V., additional, De Groot, W., additional, Gulan, A., additional, Halamić, J., additional, Haslinger, E., additional, Hayoz, P., additional, Hoogewerff, J., additional, Hrvatovic, H., additional, Husnjak, S., additional, Jähne-Klingberg, F., additional, Janik, L., additional, Jordan, G., additional, Kaminari, M., additional, Kirby, J., additional, Klos, V., additional, Kwećko, P., additional, Kuti, L., additional, Ladenberger, A., additional, Lima, A., additional, Locutura, J., additional, Lucivjansky, P., additional, Mann, A., additional, Mackovych, D., additional, McLaughlin, M., additional, Malyuk, B.I., additional, Maquil, R., additional, Meuli, R.G., additional, Mol, G., additional, Négrel, P., additional, O'Connor, P., additional, Oorts, K., additional, Ottesen, R.T., additional, Pasnieczna, A., additional, Petersell, V., additional, Pfleiderer, S., additional, Poňavič, M., additional, Prazeres, C., additional, Radusinović, S., additional, Rauch, U., additional, Sadeghi, M., additional, Salpeteur, I., additional, Scanlon, R., additional, Schedl, A., additional, Scheib, A., additional, Schoeters, I., additional, Šefčik, P., additional, Sellersjö, E., additional, Slaninka, I., additional, Soriano-Disla, J.M., additional, Šorša, A., additional, Svrkota, R., additional, Stafilov, T., additional, Tarvainen, T., additional, Tendavilov, V., additional, Valera, P., additional, Verougstraete, V., additional, Vidojević, D., additional, Zissimos, A., additional, and Zomeni, Z., additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. GEMAS: Establishing geochemical background and threshold for 53 chemical elements in European agricultural soil

Author

Reimann, Clemens, primary, Fabian, Karl, additional, Birke, Manfred, additional, Filzmoser, Peter, additional, Demetriades, Alecos, additional, Négrel, Philippe, additional, Oorts, Koen, additional, Matschullat, Jörg, additional, de Caritat, Patrice, additional, Albanese, S., additional, Anderson, M., additional, Baritz, R., additional, Batista, M.J., additional, Bel-Ian, A., additional, Cicchella, D., additional, De Vivo, B., additional, De Vos, W., additional, Dinelli, E., additional, Ďuriš, M., additional, Dusza-Dobek, A., additional, Eggen, O.A., additional, Eklund, M., additional, Ernsten, V., additional, Flight, D.M.A., additional, Forrester, S., additional, Fügedi, U., additional, Gilucis, A., additional, Gosar, M., additional, Gregorauskiene, V., additional, De Groot, W., additional, Gulan, A., additional, Halamić, J., additional, Haslinger, E., additional, Hayoz, P., additional, Hoogewerff, J., additional, Hrvatovic, H., additional, Husnjak, S., additional, Jähne-Klingberg, F., additional, Janik, L., additional, Jordan, G., additional, Kaminari, M., additional, Kirby, J., additional, Klos, V., additional, Kwećko, P., additional, Kuti, L., additional, Ladenberger, A., additional, Lima, A., additional, Locutura, J., additional, Lucivjansky, P., additional, Mann, A., additional, Mackovych, D., additional, McLaughlin, M., additional, Malyuk, B.I., additional, Maquil, R., additional, Meuli, R.G., additional, Mol, G., additional, O'Connor, P., additional, Ottesen, R.T., additional, Pasnieczna, A., additional, Petersell, V., additional, Pfleiderer, S., additional, Poňavič, M., additional, Prazeres, C., additional, Radusinović, S., additional, Rauch, U., additional, Salpeteur, I., additional, Scanlon, R., additional, Schedl, A., additional, Scheib, A., additional, Schoeters, I., additional, Šefčik, P., additional, Sellersjö, E., additional, Slaninka, I., additional, Soriano-Disla, J.M., additional, Šorša, A., additional, Svrkota, R., additional, Stafilov, T., additional, Tarvainen, T., additional, Tendavilov, V., additional, Valera, P., additional, Verougstraete, V., additional, Vidojević, D., additional, Zissimos, A., additional, Zomeni, Z., additional, and Sadeghi, M., additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. GEMAS: Spatial distribution of the pH of European agricultural and grazing land soils

Author

Fabian C., Reimann C., Fabian K., Birke M., Baritz R., Haslinger E., Albanese S., Andersson M., Batista M. J., Bel lan A., Cicchella D., Demetriades A., De Vivo B., De Vos W., Duriš M., Dusza Dobek A., Eggen O. A., Eklund M., Ernstsen V., Filzmoser P., Flight D. M. A., Forrester S., Fuchs M., Fügedi U., Gilucis A., Gosar M., Gregorauskiene V., De Groot W., Gulan A., Halamić J., Hayoz P., Hoffmann R., Hoogewerff J., Hrvatovic H., Husnjak S., Janik L., Jordan G., Kaminari M., Kirby J., Kivisilla J., Klos V., Krone F., Kwećko P., Kuti L., Ladenberger A., Lima A., Locutura J., Lucivjansky D. P., Mann A., Mackovych D., McLaughlin M., Malyuk B. I., Maquil R., Meuli R. G., Mol G., Negrel P., O'Connor P., Oorts R. K., Ottesen R. T., Pasieczna A., Petersel, W., Pfleiderer S., Poňavič M., Pramuka S., Prazeres C., Rauch U., Radusinović S., Salpeteur I., Scanlon R., Schedl A., Scheib A. J., Schoeters I., Šefčik P., Sellersjö E., Skopljak F., Slaninka I., Šorša A., Srvkota R., Stafilov T., Tarvainen T., Trendavilov V., Valera P., Verougstraete V., Vidojević D., Zissimos A., Zomeni Z., DINELLI, ENRICO, Fabian C., Reimann C., Fabian K., Birke M., Baritz R., Haslinger E., Albanese S., Andersson M., Batista M.J., Bel-lan A., Cicchella D., Demetriades A., De Vivo B., De Vos W., Dinelli E., Duriš M., Dusza-Dobek A., Eggen O.A., Eklund M., Ernstsen V., Filzmoser P., Flight D.M.A., Forrester S., Fuchs M., Fügedi U., Gilucis A., Gosar M., Gregorauskiene V., De Groot W., Gulan A., Halamić J., Hayoz P., Hoffmann R., Hoogewerff J., Hrvatovic H., Husnjak S., Janik L., Jordan G., Kaminari M., Kirby J., Kivisilla J., Klos V., Krone F., Kwećko P., Kuti L., Ladenberger A., Lima A., Locutura J., Lucivjansky D.P., Mann A., Mackovych D., McLaughlin M., Malyuk B.I., Maquil R., Meuli R.G., Mol G., Negrel P., O'Connor P., Oorts R.K., Ottesen R.T., Pasieczna A., Petersel, W., Pfleiderer S., Poňavič M., Pramuka S., Prazeres C., Rauch U., Radusinović S., Salpeteur I., Scanlon R., Schedl A., Scheib A.J., Schoeters I., Šefčik P., Sellersjö E., Skopljak F., Slaninka I., Šorša A., Srvkota R., Stafilov T., Tarvainen T., Trendavilov V., Valera P., Verougstraete V., Vidojević D., Zissimos A., Zomeni Z., Fabian, C., Reimann, C., Fabian, K., Birke, M., Baritz, R., Haslinger, E., Albanese, Stefano, Andersson, M., Batista, M. J., BEL LAN, A., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, D., DE VIVO, Benedetto, DE VOS, W., Dinelli, E., Duriš, M., DUSZA DOBEK, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fugedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., DE GROOT, W., Gulan, A., Halamic, J., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Lima, Annamaria, Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., O’Connor, P., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Ponavic, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinovic, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I., Šefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevic, D., Zissimos, A., and Zomeni, Z.

Subjects
Hydrology, Soil test, Spatial distribution, Pollution, Agricultural soil, Grazing soil, GEMAS, chemistry.chemical_compound, soil pH, GEochemical Mapping, chemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil pH, Soil water, Grazing, Environmental Chemistry, Carbonate, Environmental science, Precipitation, Glacial period, grazing land soil, pH value, Grazing land soil, geochemistry
Abstract

During 2008 the GEochemical Mapping of Agricultural Soils (GEMAS) project collected 2108 agricultural (ploughed soil, Ap horizon, 0–20 cm) and 2023 grazing land soil samples (Gr, 0–10 cm) evenly spread over 33 European countries and covering an area of 5.6 million km2. The pH of all samples was determined by one single laboratory applying a 0.01 M CaCl2 extraction, and following a strict quality-control procedure. The resulting pH-value distributions for European Ap and Gr soil are both bimodal. Broad acidic modes, with pH between 4 and 6, and sharp alkaline modes, with pH between 7 and 8 due to the Ca2+ buffer system, are clearly separated. The European median pH is 5.8 for the GEMAS Ap soil samples and 5.5 for the GEMAS Gr soil samples. According to the pH distribution maps, Europe is separated into two main zones: northern Europe with generally lower pH values (Ap: 5.2, Gr: 4.8), dominated by acidic soils occurring in Fennoscandia, and southern Europe with higher pH values (Ap: 6.3, Gr: 5.9), dominated by carbonate rich soils. The separation line coincides with the southern border of the sediments of the last glaciation. The dominant factors controlling pH at the European scale are thus geology (crystalline bedrock) in combination with climate (temperature and precipitation). The GEMAS pH maps mainly reflect the natural site conditions on the European scale, whilst anthropogenic impact is hardly detectable. The GEMAS results provide a unique set of homogenous and spatially representative soil pH data for the continent. The data set defines a dependable continental-scale background, and offers the possibility to calibrate studies on more detailed scales.

Published
2014

33. Bioavailable 87 Sr/ 86 Sr in European soils: A baseline for provenancing studies

Author

Mike J. McLaughlin, M. Kaminari, F. Krone, S. Forrester, D. Mackovych, José M. Soriano-Disla, P. Sefcik, Anna Ladenberger, V. Klos, A. Gilucis, Robert Frei, O. Connor, Dee Flight, Thalita van Aswegen, Annamaria Lima, J. Locutura, Josip Halamić, V. Ernstsen, P. Hayoz, V. Gregorauskiene, M. Ďuriš, Philippe Négrel, Timo Tarvainen, G. Jordan, Jörg Matschullat, U. Rauch, S. Pfleiderer, B. I. Malyuk, W. Petersell, Martiya Sadeghi, M. Poňavič, Anna Pasieczna, Andreas Scheib, Stefano Albanese, Alecos Demetriades, H. Hrvatovic, Malcolm R. Reid, A. Schedl, Rolf Tore Ottesen, S. Radusinović, Jurian Hoogewerff, U. Fugedi, M. Andersson, I. Salpeteur, W. De Vos, M. Eklund, R. Scanlon, R. Maquil, A. Gulan, I. Schoeters, Paolo Valera, Enrico Dinelli, B. De Vivo, Stjepan Husnjak, Domenico Cicchella, Claudine H. Stirling, Rainer Baritz, Clemens Reimann, C. Reimann, F. Skopljak, V. Verougstraete, E. Sellersjö, Maria João Batista, C. Prazeres, I. Slaninka, O. A. Eggen, F. Kwećko, A. Mann, Ajka Šorša, J. Kivisilla, L. Janik, Manfred Birke, L. Kuti, R. Hoffmann, D. Vidojević, M. Fuchs, Peter Filzmoser, S. Pramuka, D. P. Lucivjansky, Z. Zomeni, R. Srvkota, R. K. Oorts, Trajče Stafilov, E. Haslinger, R. G. Meuli, Karin Margarita Frei, V. Trendavilov, Aaron Clayton, A. Bel-lan, Andreas M. Zissimos, A. Dusza-Dobek, W. De Groot, G. Mol, Henriette Ueckermann, Jason K. Kirby, Hoogewerff J.A., Reimann C., Ueckermann H., Frei R., Frei K.M., van Aswegen T., Stirling C., Reid M., Clayton A., Ladenberger A., GEMAS Project Team: Albanese S., Andersson M., Baritz R., Batista M.J., Bel-lan A., Birke M., Cicchella D., De Vivo B., De Vos W., Dinelli E., Ďuriš M., Dusza-Dobek A., Eklund M., Ernstsen V., Filzmoser P., Flem B., Flight D.M.A., Forrester S., Fuchs M., Fügedi U., Gilucis A., Gosar M., Gregorauskiene V., De Groot W., Gulan A., Halamić J., Haslinger E., Hayoz P., Hoffmann R., Hoogewerff J., Hrvatovic H., Husnjak S., Janik L., Jordan G., Kirby J., Klos V., Krone F., Kwecko P., Kuti L., Lima A., Locutura J., Lucivjansky P., Mann A., Mackovych D., McLaughlin M., Malyuk B.I., Maquil R., Matschullat J., Meuli R.G., Mol G., Négrel P., O'Connor P., Oorts K., Pasieczna A., Petersell V., Pfleiderer S., Poňavič M., Prazeres C., Rauch U., Radusinović S., Sadeghi M., Salpeteur I., Scanlon R., Schedl A., Scheib A., Schoeters I., Sellersjö E., Slaninka I., Soriano-Disla J.M., Šorša A., Svrkota R., Stafilov T., Tarvainen T., Trendavilov V., Valera P., Verougstraete V., Vidojević D., Zissimos A., Zomeni Z., Jurian A, Hoogewerff, Clemens, Reimann, Henriette, Ueckermann, Robert, Frei, Karin M, Frei, Thalita, van Aswegen, Claudine, Stirling, Malcolm, Reid, Aaron, Clayton, Anna, Ladenberger, Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-lan, A., Birke, M., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., A Flight, D. M., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwećko, F., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., P Lucivjansky, D., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Matschullat, J., Mclaughlin, M., I Malyuk, B., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., Connor, O., K Oorts, R., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Pramuka, S, Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Reimann, C., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., J Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Soriano-Disla, J. M., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, A., and Zomeni, Z.

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Soil test, Strontium isotopes, European soils, Baseline, Provenancing, Archaeology, Forensic science, Reference data (financial markets), European soil, Soil science, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Ecology and Environment, Kriging, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sampling (statistics), Variance (accounting), Pollution, Random forest, Chemistry, Soil water, Earth Sciences, Environmental science, Scale (map)
Abstract

We present Sr-87/Sr-86 isotope ratios for similar to 1200 selected soil samples, collected by the GEMAS consortium from grazing (Gr) and agricultural (Ap) soils in Europe with the aim to better understand the strontium isotope distribution in the bioavailable fraction of the top-soil and its potential for provenancing applications. Spatial analysis shows that there is a clear distinction between coastal (100 km) samples in their variance and that this variance is mirrored in the sodium concentration, suggesting an important but highly variable contribution from seaspray. We present two Sr-87/Sr-86 maps at 25 km x 25 km scale: one based solely on the measured data using a classical kriging approach and one based on a Random Forest model using complementary GEMAS data to predict the strontium isotope composition at the remaining 3000+ GEMAS sampling locations, including appropriate uncertainty assessment. Using a forensic Bayesian likelihood ratio approach, a tool was developed in R to create provenancing likelihood ratio maps. The maps delineate areas of high and low likelihood and allow investigators to direct their resources to areas of interest. For actual forensic case work either the measured or the modelled data can be used as reference data for the overall distribution of Sr-87/Sr-86 values in Europe. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. GEMAS: CNS concentrations and C/N ratios in European agricultural soil

Author

G. Jordan, Andreas Scheib, Rolf Tore Ottesen, Clemens Reimann, S. Pfleiderer, E. Sellersjö, P. Hayoz, O. A. Eggen, Timo Tarvainen, Mike J. McLaughlin, M. Poňavič, V. Tendavilov, A. Bel-Ian, Alecos Demetriades, B. De Vivo, M. Eklund, Jurian Hoogewerff, Jason K. Kirby, S. Forrester, D. Mackovych, R. Maquil, Stjepan Husnjak, Rainer Baritz, Dee Flight, W. De Groot, G. Mol, Karl Fabian, V. Klos, A. Gilucis, D. Vidojević, Z. Zomeni, I. Schoeters, J. Locutura, U. Rauch, Koen Oorts, Jörg Matschullat, P. Sefcik, B. I. Malyuk, A. Schedl, M. Kaminari, H. Hrvatovic, Maria João Batista, Josip Halamić, I. Salpeteur, V. Ernsten, Andreas M. Zissimos, José M. Soriano-Disla, P. Kwecko, R. Svrkota, V. Gregorauskiene, Domenico Cicchella, S. Radusinović, A. Dusza-Dobek, U. Fugedi, A. Gulan, Enrico Dinelli, W. De Vos, V. Verougstraete, Stefano Albanese, R. G. Meuli, L. Janik, A. Pasnieczna, Paolo Valera, Fabian Jähne-Klingberg, I. Slaninka, Anna Ladenberger, Mateja Gosar, E. Haslinger, Peter Filzmoser, M. Ďuriš, Philippe Négrel, P. O'Connor, Martiya Sadeghi, M. Anderson, Trajče Stafilov, P. Lucivjansky, Debora dos Santos Carvalho, Annamaria Lima, R. Scanlon, C. Prazeres, A. Mann, Ajka Šorša, Manfred Birke, L. Kuti, V. Petersell, Matschullat, Jörg, Reimann, Clemen, Birke, Manfred, dos Santos Carvalho, Debora, Albanese, S., Anderson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M.J., Bel-Ian, A., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O.A., Eklund, M., Ernsten, V., Fabian, K., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D.M.A., Forrester, S., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Jähne-Klingberg, F., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B.I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R.G., Mol, G., Négrel, P., O'Connor, P., Oorts, K., Ottesen, R.T., Pasnieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Radusinović, S., Rauch, U., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano-Disla, J.M., Šorša, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Tendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Batista, M. J., Eggen, O. A., Flight, D. M. A., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Meuli, R. G., Ottesen, R. T., and Soriano-Disla, J. M.

Subjects
Pollution, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Nitrogen, media_common.quotation_subject, 010501 environmental sciences, Spatial distribution, 01 natural sciences, Lower limit, Total organic carbon (TOC), Sulphur, Environmental Chemistry, Sampling density, Carbon, GEMAS project, Arable soil, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Sampling (statistics), 15. Life on land, Eastern european, Chemistry, Agriculture and Soil Science, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, Total nitrogen, Earth Sciences, Environmental science, Physical geography, business
Abstract

A reliable overview of measured concentrations of TC, TN and TS, TOC/TN ratios, and their regional distribution patterns in agricultural soil at the continental scale and based on measured data has been missing - despite much previous work on local and the European scales. Detection and mapping of natural (ambient) background element concentrations and variability in Europe was the focus of this work. While total C and S data had been presented in the GEMAS atlas already, this work delivers more precise (lower limit of determination) and fully quantitative data, and for the first time high-quality TN data. Samples were collected from the uppermost 20 cm of ploughed soil (Ap horizon) at 2108 sites with an even sampling density of one site per 2500 km2 for one individual land-use class (agricultural) across Europe (33 countries). Laboratory-independent quality control from sampling to analysis guaranteed very good data reliability and accuracy. Total carbon concentrations ranged from 0.37 to 46.3 wt% (median: 2.20 wt%) and TOC from 0.40 to 46.0 wt% (median: 1.80 wt%). Total nitrogen ranged from 0.018 to 2.64 wt% (median: 0.169 wt%) and TS from 0.008 to 9.74 wt% (median: 0.034 wt%), all with large variations in most countries. The TOC/TN ratios ranged from 1.8 to 252 (median: 10.1), with the largest variation in Spain and the smallest in some eastern European countries. Distinct and repetitive patterns emerge at the European scale, reflecting mostly geogenic and longer-term climatic influence responsible for the spatial distribution of TC, TN and TS. Different processes become visible at the continental scale when examining TC, TN and TS concentrations in agricultural soil Europe-wide. This facilitates large-scale land-use management and allows specific areas (subregional to local) to be identified that may require more detailed research.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. GEMAS: establishing geochemical background and threshold for 53 chemical elements in European agricultural soil

Author

Clemens Reimann, S. Radusinović, U. Fugedi, E. Sellersjö, W. De Vos, I. Schoeters, V. Verougstraete, O. A. Eggen, D. Vidojević, Enrico Dinelli, U. Rauch, Rolf Tore Ottesen, Andreas M. Zissimos, G. Jordan, Andreas Scheib, V. Tendavilov, Anna Ladenberger, José M. Soriano-Disla, Timo Tarvainen, Karl Fabian, Jurian Hoogewerff, R. Maquil, A. Dusza-Dobek, Koen Oorts, Annamaria Lima, P. Hayoz, W. De Groot, G. Mol, L. Janik, Josip Halamić, Jörg Matschullat, B. I. Malyuk, Z. Zomeni, A. Schedl, S. Pfleiderer, Alecos Demetriades, A. Pasnieczna, P. Kwecko, R. Svrkota, Domenico Cicchella, V. Gregorauskiene, R. G. Meuli, M. Poňavič, Maria João Batista, R. Scanlon, A. Gilucis, M. Eklund, Mike J. McLaughlin, M. Ďuriš, Philippe Négrel, Patrice de Caritat, Jason K. Kirby, Stefano Albanese, Martiya Sadeghi, C. Prazeres, M. Kaminari, M. Anderson, Trajče Stafilov, Dee Flight, A. Mann, Ajka Šorša, Mateja Gosar, Paolo Valera, P. Lucivjansky, Manfred Birke, L. Kuti, V. Petersell, Fabian Jähne-Klingberg, E. Haslinger, P. O'Connor, V. Klos, V. Ernsten, A. Bel-Ian, I. Slaninka, Peter Filzmoser, B. De Vivo, Stjepan Husnjak, Rainer Baritz, H. Hrvatovic, I. Salpeteur, J. Locutura, S. Forrester, D. Mackovych, A. Gulan, P. Sefcik, Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Geological Survey of Norway, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in Economics, Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration (IGME), IGME, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Departimento di Scienze della Terra [Napoli], Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (UNSA), Geological Survey of Sweden, sgu, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reimann, Clemen, Fabian, Karl, Birke, Manfred, Filzmoser, Peter, Demetriades, Aleco, Négrel, Philippe, Oorts, Koen, Matschullat, Jörg, de Caritat, Patrice, Albanese, S., Anderson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M.J., Bel-Ian, A., Cicchella, D., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O.A., Eklund, M., Ernsten, V., Flight, D.M.A., Forrester, S., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Jähne-Klingberg, F., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B.I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R.G., Mol, G., O'Connor, P., Ottesen, R.T., Pasnieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Radusinović, S., Rauch, U., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano-Disla, J.M., Šorša, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Tendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Sadeghi, M., Reimann, C., Fabian, K., Birke, M., Filzmoser, P., Demetriades, A., Negrel, P., Oorts, K., Matschullat, J., de Caritat, P., Batista, M. J., Duris, M., Eggen, O. A., Flight, D. M. A., Fugedi, U., Halamic, J., Jahne-Klingberg, F., Kwecko, P., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Meuli, R. G., Ottesen, R. T., Ponavic, M., Radusinovic, S., Sefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Soriano-Disla, J. M., Sorsa, A., and Vidojevic, D.

Subjects
Soil test, Geochemical threshold, 010501 environmental sciences, Spatial distribution, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural soil, Ecology and Environment, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, Environmental Chemistry, Aqua regia, Continental scale, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, business.industry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Contamination, Pollution, Europe, Chemistry, chemistry, Agriculture and Soil Science, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental chemistry, Smelting, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Earth Sciences, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, business, Background variation
Abstract

The GEMAS (geochemical mapping of agricultural soil) project collected 2108 Ap horizon soil samples from regularly ploughed fields in 33 European countries, covering 5.6 million km(2). The

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Mobile Metal Ion analysis of European agricultural soils : bioavailability, weathering, geogenic patterns and antrhropogenic anomalies

Author

Mann, A., Reimann, C., De Caritat, P., Turner, N., Birke, M., Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-Lan, A., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., uri?, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Fabian, K., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halami?, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwe?ko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mackovych, D., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., O'Connor, P., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Po?avi?, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinovi?, S., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I., ef?ik, P., Sellersjö, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., or?a, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevi?, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Mann, A., Reimann, C., De Caritat, P., Turner, N., Birke, M., Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M.J., Bel-Lan, A., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O.A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Fabian, K., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D.P., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B.I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R.G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., O’Connor, P., Oorts, R.K., Ottesen, R.T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A.J., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., de Caritat, P., Albanese, Stefano, Batista, M. J., Bel lan, A., DE VIVO, Benedetto, Dusza Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Flight, D. M. A., Lima, Annamaria, Lucivjansky, D. P., Malyuk, B. I., Meuli, R. G., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Scheib, A. J., Sellersjö, E, Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, A. Zissimo, and Z., Zomeni

Subjects
Lithology, Mineralogy, Weathering, GEMAS, Metal, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, Aqua regia, ICP-MS, geogenic pattern, anthropogenic anomalie, General Environmental Science, geochemical mapping, business.industry, Geogenic patterns, MMI (R) extraction, General Chemistry, mobile, metal, ion, Bioavailability, chemistry, Agriculture, visual_art, Environmental chemistry, Anthropogenic anomalies, Soil water, visual_art.visual_art_medium, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, MMI® extraction, business, bioavailability, Geology
Abstract

Two thousand one hundred and eight agricultural soils (0–20 cm depth) collected at a density of one sample per 2500 km2 under the auspices of the Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural Soils (GEMAS) project over most of the European continent have been analysed using the Mobile Metal Ion (MMI®) partial extraction technique with ICP-MS finish. For a number of elements, notably Ce, Ni, and Ca, coherent geogenic patterns have been observed which relate to underlying lithology. For Fe and Al, coherent patterns are also observed but the effects of weathering are evident, and provide a mechanism to explain the acidity of soils in high rainfall areas. Individual anomalies, many related to anthropogenic activity (mining, metallurgy, agriculture) have been observed for Ag, Au, Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn. Comparison of the results with aqua regia digestion and the equivalent National Geochemistry Survey of Australia (NGSA) provides insights into weathering processes and the concept of bioavailability. © 2015 AAG/The Geological Society of London.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results