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Purpose: The purpose of the research is to determine the views of students, teachers and school principals about factorsaffecting and the extent to which factors affect what degree to 12th-grade students' academic in the school environmentduring the high school preparation period. For this purpose, addressing school-related factors affecting academic success interms of students, teachers, and administrators will provide educational administrators, who are individuals who coordinateall processes related to school, to evaluate how they manage the processes of their academic success through the eyes ofstudents and teachers.Design/Methodology/Approach: Descriptive survey model from quantitative research methods was used in the research. Aproportional stratified sampling type of stratified sampling method was used to determine the study sample. Totally 2509participants, that is 2072 students, 380 teachers and 57 administrators, participated in the research.Findings: It was concluded that teachers think school-related factors affect students' academic achievement more thanadministrators and students. In this context, it can be said that the responsibility that school administrators feel towardsincreasing academic success is less than the teachers. According to the research results, it was concluded that students'perceptions of academic success differ according to their gender, the type of school they attend and the school's success.Teachers' and administrators' perceptions do not differ according to their gender, the type of school they work in, and theschool's success.Highlights: To adapt the managerial behaviours of administrators to the era and reflect them to practice in educationenvironments, school administrators should provide training to gain skills.

BACKGROUND: Professionally, private security guards are expected to manage their anger and stress successfully. OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose of this study is to determine stress and anger levels of private security guards working in the Ankara Electricity, Gas and Bus Operations Organization. The secondary aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the training program given to private security guards within the scope of anger and stress control. The effects of training on 690 private security guards who participated in the training program were investigated. METHODS: In the first part of the study, the validity and reliability of the Trait Anger, Anger Expression Scale and Coping with Stress Scale were investigated, and in the second part, the effectiveness of training given to 690 private security guards was examined. Also, as a comparison group, 201 private security guards who did not participate in the training were reached and the scales were applied. RESULTS: The results showed that private security guards had an inability to cope with stress and anger was triggered easily. The average treatment effect was E[Y(1) – Y(0)| X] = –0.111 and statistically significant. It shows that training had a significant effect on anger. Anger decreased when stress-coping behaviours increased and the training was effective. CONCLUSIONS: It is important that training about anger and stress control should be given to security forces at regular intervals.

The objective of this research is to determine how the COVID‐19 pandemic influenced integration of women refugees into Turkish society. The study was designed as a qualitative study between March 2020 and June 2020. The notion of integration is redefined as an eight‐dimensional model composed of education, sociocultural, health, economy, legal, shelter, family and security. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted by telephone, with 50 women refugees in Turkey, about the impact of COVID‐19 on integration. The results of the research indicate that most women refugees had both positive and negative experiences in economic, education and sociocultural dimensions of integration. The COVID‐19 outbreak affected their integration in an unprecedented way, especially in daily and work life as well as access to health services. Similarly, language barriers faced by refugee women create significant challenges and obstacles, making the integration process more complex. Refugee women stated that COVID‐19 positively influenced the security dimension of integration.

The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool that can measure the effectiveness of health management at schools according to teachers' opinions. The study group of the research consists of teachers working in pre-school, primary, secondary and high schools in Çankaya district of Ankara in fall semester 2019. In this study, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to analyze the data. The findings of EFA and CFA were obtained from two different study groups consisted of 387 and 283 people respectively selected by simple random sampling method, which is a probabilistic sampling method. To this end, the scale consisted of 22 items and 4 sub-dimensions was formed. CFA that was conducted to determine the construct validity revealed that the model fit values of the scale were appropriate. The sub-dimensions of the scale were ‘Food and Equipment Health, Hygiene Health, Awareness and Physical Space, and Environmental Health’. The scale had four items coded in reverse. A total score was obtained from EHMSS and its dimensions, and the high score obtained from the scale means that the effectiveness level of health management at school is high, and the low score obtained means that the effectiveness level of health management at school is low. Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of the scale indicated that the scale is a reliable measurement tool. Results and findings overall indicated that ‘Effectiveness of Health Management in Schools Scale (EHMSS)’ is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used psychometrically.

Purpose of research is to determine views of students, teachers and school administrators about factors affecting and extent to which factors affect in what degree to 12th grade students' future expectations in school environment during high school preparation period. Descriptive survey model from quantitative research methods was used in research. Proportional stratified sampling was used to determine study sample. Totally 2509 participants that is 2072 students, 380 teachers and 57 administrators participated in the research. It was concluded that the perceptions of students and teachers differ according to their gender but the perceptions of the administrators do not differ. According to research results, students who attend schools with high success think that school-related factors have more impact on their future expectations than students who have low success. Teachers' and administrators’ perceptions do not differ according to the type of school they work in, success of school, and their level of hope for future. Activities aimed at structuring future expectations of students should be planned by school administration and the functionality of guidance services in schools should be increased. School administrators should take the lead in preparing school environment and planning program where teachers can take care of students individually.

The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure the effects of COVID-19 on gifted students’ quality of life and analyse its effects on their quality of life considering some variables such as gender, age, education level, mother’s education level, father’s education level, monthly income and number of children in the family. To this end, a scale was developed and its reliability and validity were measured through a number of measures. The internal consistency was used to evaluate the reliability of the scale whereas its validity was analyzed by a factor analysis. Regarding EFA, the result of the KMO test was .90 and Bartlett test χ2 statistic was 3055.306 (p < .001). Path coefficients of the items varied between .55 and .89 and Cronbach’s Alpha (α=.76) coefficients indicated that the data obtained from the scale (QOL-GSS) was reliable. Results overall indicated that COVID-19 affected gifted students’ quality of life slightly in all dimensions and QOL-GSS. Results also indicated that the effect of COVID-19 on gifted students’ quality of life showed significant differences by gender, education level, mother’s education level, father’s education level, monthly income and number of children in the family.

In this study, it was aimed to determine what the expectations of teachers and school administrators were from students and how these expectations were perceived by the students in order to increase the quality and effectiveness of education and to develop sensitive practices. Findings obtained without working; it has been seen that teachers are expected to be successful, to be school rules, to be moral, virtuous individuals when they are ready to learn from the lessons, actively participate in the lessons and fulfill their assigned duties and responsibilities and be virtuous individuals. On the other hand, the students stated that the teachers were expected to be hardworking and successful, to be prepared for the lessons, to attend the class during the lesson and to be silent without speaking if they did not participate. In addition, the teachers stated that they should take good grades from themselves and at least they should wait for passing grades in the courses they fail. They stated that administrators should be disciplined, obey school rules, be diligent and successful, do not harm the environment, donate to school, and expect to smoke and that they were not responsible for their social and academical development.

Future expectations of young people in a society are important factors that determine the development line and dynamics of that society. The aim of the study is to develop a measurement tool that determines the factors that af[1]fect the future expectations of students in the school environment in the process of preparation for higher education. The validity and reliability studies of the scale were conducted with the 348 participants in the first and with 168 participants in the second application. As a result of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the scale consisting of twenty five items and five factors was found to be theoretically and statistically appropriate. Since there are few tools that measure the factors that affect future expectations in the literature review, it is thought that the scale will contribute to the field in literature and can meet this need.

The concept of integration, defined as a harmonization process between the host society and immigrants, aims to maintain peaceful and social relationships. This study aims to measure the social integration of immigrants; to analyse multidimensionality the integration level of women Syrian refugees in Turkey; and to determine whether the integration status of refugee women differs according to age, marital status, number of children in the family and number of individuals in the family. In the study, the Social Integration of Immigrant Scale, which consists of four sub-dimensions, was used as a data-collection tool. When the validity and reliability analysis results of the scale were evaluated, it was concluded that Social Integration of Immigrant Scale was an appropriate instrument for psychometric use. In the result of the research, it was seen that refugee women have a high level of integration. It has been concluded that the social integration of Syrian women is highest in education and lowest in social inclusion.

Okullarda oluşturulan programların gücünde ve başarısında performans çalışmaları önemli yer tutar. Bu çalışmada Türk Milli Eğitim Sistemi özelinde performans artırmaya yönelik yapılmış çalışmalar incelenmiş bu bağlamda okulların eğitim kalitesini ve performansını artırma noktasında Kısıtlar Kuramı’nın uygulanabilirliği değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kuram, sistemi zincirin halkalarına benzetir. Sistemin gücünün en zayıf halka kadar olduğunu düşünür. Sistemdeki en zayıf halkaya yapılacak iyileştirmenin aslında sistemin tamamının iyileştirilmesi yani performansının artırılması olacağını kabul eder. Başka bir deyişle bu kuram, yöneticiyi sistemdeki performansı olumsuz etkileyen en zayıf halkaya odaklanması açısından yönlendirir. TKY’nin okullarda kaldırılmasından sonra okullarımızda yöneticiye okulun performansının nasıl arttırılacağına yönelik sistemli bir yöntem sunulmamıştır. Bu yöntemsizlik her okulda, okul yöneticisi tarafından performansa yönelik farklı uygulamalar yapmasına neden olmuştur. Yanlış uygulamaların zaman ve emek kaybı olmasından öte toplumsal gelecek açısından da farklı olumsuz sonuçları olabilecektir. Çalışmada, daha önce eğitim alanında yapılmış performans çalışmaları ışığında Kısıtlar Kuramı’nın ortaya koyduğu ilkelerin eğitimde performans geliştirmeye yönelik yeni paradigmaların oluşturulmasına katkı sağlayacağı düşüncesi ortaya konulmuştur., Performance studies have an important place in the power and success of the programs created in schools. In this study, studies on improving performance in the Turkish National Education System were examined and in this context, the applicability of the Theory of Constraints was evaluated in terms of increasing the education quality and performance of schools. This theory likens the system to the links of the chain. He thinks that the strength of the system is only the weakest link. It accepts that the improvement to be made to the weakest link in the system will actually be the improvement of the entire system, that is, the increase of its performance. In other words, this theory guides the manager in terms of focusing on the weakest link that affects the performance in the system. After TQM was abolished in schools, no systematic method was presented to the administrators in our schools on how to increase the performance of the school. This lack of method has led to different performance-oriented practices by the school administrator in each school. Besides being a waste of time and effort, wrong practices may have different negative consequences for the social future. In the light of previous performance studies in the field of education, the study is thought to contribute to the creation of new paradigms for improving performance in education, based on the principles of the Theory of Constraints.

Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaöğretim (lise) kurumu öğrencilerinin vatandaşlık algılarını ölçebilecek geçerli ve güvenir likert tipi bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında Siirt il merkezinde ortaöğretim kurumlarında öğrenim gören öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın açımlayıcı faktör analizi bulguları 485, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi bulguları ise 426 öğrenci üzerinden elde edilmiştir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre ölçek, 28 madde ve 5 alt boyuttan oluşmuştur. Bu alt boyutlar; insan olmak, görev ve sorumluluk, hak ve özgürlükler, etkin (aktif) vatandaşlık ve birlikte yaşama şeklinde adlandırılmıştır. Ölçeğin açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ortaya çıkan faktöryel yapının doğrulanıp doğrulanmadığını tespit etmek amacıyla birinci düzey faktör analizi ve ikinci düzey doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Birinci düzey faktör analizi ve ikinci düzey doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları ölçeğin faktör yapısının verilerle uyum içinde olduğuna işaret etmiştir. Ölçeğin Cronbach’s Alpha iç tutarlık katsayısı .90, Spearman Brown iki yarı güvenirlik katsayısı ise .84 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu bağlamda “Vatandaşlık Algısı Ölçeğinin (VAÖ)” psikometrik açıdan öğrencilerin vatandaşlık algılarını ölçebilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır., The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable Likert type measurement tool that can measure the citizenship perceptions of secondary education (high school) students. The study group of the research consists of students studying at secondary education institutions in the city center of Siirt in the 2020-2021 academic year. The exploratory factor analysis findings of the study were obtained from 485 students, and the confirmatory factor analysis findings were obtained from 426 students. According to the exploratory factor analysis results, the scale consists of 28 items and 5 sub-dimensions. These sub dimensions have been named as being human, duty and responsibility, rights and freedoms, active citizenship and coexistence. First-order confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to determine whether the factorial structure of the scale was confirmed as a result of the exploratory factor analysis. The first level confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the factor structure of the scale is in agreement with the data. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient of the scale was calculated as .90, and Spearman Brown split-half reliability coefficient was calculated as .84. In this context, it was concluded that the "Citizenship Perception Scale (CPS)" is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can measure students' perception of citizenship psychometrically.

The aim of this studyis to adapt ‘Motivational Access’ sub-dimension of Faculty’s Information andCommunication Technology Access (FICTA) (Soomro, Kale, Curtis, Akcaoglu veBernstein, 2018) into Turkish. Firstly, English and Turkish forms wereadministered to 40 teachers who are expert in English. The Pearson CorrelationCoefficient which ranged from .87-.95 which indicates that Turkish version ofthe scale has language validity. Later, to examine construct validity of thescale, data were collected from 250 volunteer teachers for the ExploratoryFactor Analysis (EFA) and from 200 volunteer teachers for the ConfirmatoryFactor Analysis (CFA) respectively. According to the results of the EFA, as inEnglish version, Turkish version of the scale consisted of two sub-scales. Theendogenous motivational access and the exogenous motivational access subscaleshad both 4 items. After EFA, CFA was accomplished with different data sets andthe factor structure was determined to be acceptable. Reliability of the scalewas determined through Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient which was .51 for theoverall of the scale. It was .60 for the endogenous motivational accesssubscale and .71 for the exogenous motivational access subscale. In conclusion,the adapted scale is a valid, reliable and measurement tool for Turkishculture., Buaraştırmanın amacı, Soomro, Kale, Curtis, Akcaoglu ve Bernstein (2018)tarafınca geliştirilen Öğretim Üyelerinin Bilgi ve İletişim TeknolojilerineErişim Ölçeği’nin bir alt boyutunu, Dijital Teknolojilere Erişim MotivasyonÖlçeği olarak Türkçe’ye uyarlamaktır. İlk olarak, ölçeğin Türkçe sürümünündilsel eşdeğerliğinin sağlanmıştır. Sonrasında, ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini testetmek amacıyla Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) için 250 ve son olarakDoğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) için gönüllük esasına dayalı olarak 200öğretmenden veri toplanmıştır. AFA sonucuna göre; İngilizce sürümünde olduğugibi ölçeğin Türkçe sürümü iki alt faktörden oluşmuştur. İçsel motivasyon vedışsal motivasyon alt faktörlerinin her biri 4 madde olmak üzere toplamda ölçek8 maddeden oluşmuştur. AFA sonrasında gerçekleştirilen DFA sonucu, faktör yapısınınkabul edilebilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Cronbach Alpha katsayısı ölçeğin tamamıiçin .51; İçsel motivasyon alt faktörü için .60 ve dışsal motivasyon altfaktörü için .71 bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, uyarlanan ölçeğin Türk Kültüründeiçsel ve dışsal dijital teknolojilere yönelik erişim motivasyonununbelirlenmesinde kullanılabileceği, ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerininiyileştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar yapılmasına devam edileceği söylenebilir.

Çalışmanın amacı, gençlere bilimi anlatmak ve sevdirmek amacıyla kurulan Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı tarafından desteklenen Uluslararası Gençlik ve Bilim Merkezi’nin kuruluşunu, işleyişini, gerçekleştirdiği faaliyetleri, proje kapsamında gerçekleşen etkinliklerin etkililiğini anlatmaktır. Araştırma tarama modeliyle desenlenmiş olup, çoklu yöntem stratejisi benimsenmiştir. Çalışmaya 15-29 yaş arası 570 kız 588 erkek olmak üzere 1158 genç katılmıştır. Proje bitiminden 2017 yılı Haziran ayına kadar Uluslararası Bilim Derneği’nde yapılmış olan atölye çalışmalarına ise 15-29 yaş arası 420 kız 380 erkeğin oluşturduğu 800 genç katılmıştır. Çalışmanın bütününü ise 990 kız ve 968 erkekten oluşan 1958 kişi meydana getirmiştir. 15-20, 20-25 ve 25-29 yaş aralığının oluşturduğu ve 3 grup halinde toplam 249 saat olarak bilim tarihi, Türk ve İslam Dünyasında bilim alimleri gibi 16 bilimsel etkinlik gerçekleştirilmiş projenin devamında da atölye çalışmaları şeklinde 172 saat çalışma yapılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Gençlerin Gerçekleşmesi Planlanan Bilimsel Etkinliklere Yönelik Görüşleri Anketi”, “Bilimsel Etkinlikleri Değerlendirme Anketi” ve “Bilimsel Etkinlikleri Değerlendirme Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda gençlerin bilimsel etkinliklerden genel memnuniyet düzeyinin, eğitimcilerden memnuniyet düzeyinin ve fiziki olanaklar ve eğitim materyallerinden memnuniyet düzeyinin oldukça yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca bilimsel etkinlikleri gerçekleştiren eğitimcilerin anlattıkları konularda yeterli olduğunu, bilimsel etkinliklerin kariyerlerine ve kişisel gelişimlerine katkı sağladıklarını ifade etmişlerdir.

Glocalization is a holistic approach that balances global and local dimensions. As it affects organizations, glocal leadership has started to be discussed. The aim of this study is to reveal the perceptions of managers of private institutions about fulfilling glocal leadership behaviors, and investigate if there is a meaningful difference in terms of gender, age, seniority, and education level variables. This study is designed to be descriptive research using the Multidimensional Glocal Leadership Scale developed by Ercetin et. al (2011) to collect the data. The population of the research is a self-existing sample of 378 managers who work in private institutions. According to the findings, managers perceive they are fulfilling the glocal leadership behavior and its dimensions at middle level. There are some differences found for gender, age, seniority and education level variables.

Yükseköğretim, devletler tarafından vatandaşlarına sunulması zorunluluk arz etmeyen yarı kamusal maldır. Ekonomik getirisinin yüksek olması sebebiyle bireylerin yükseköğretim hizmeti alması için devlet, yükseköğretim hizmeti vermekte ve bu hizmetin yükünü biraz hafifletebilmek adına özel sektörün de yükseköğretime desteğini teşvik etmektedir. Dünyanın pek çok ülkesinde de yükseköğretim ağırlıklı olarak kamu sektörünün desteğiyle sürdürülmektedir. Dünya ülkeleri temel ekonomileri, kültürleri ve politik sistemleri açısından birbirlerinden oldukça farklı olmalarına rağmen yükseköğretimin finansmanı konusunda ülkeler arasında büyük benzerlikler bulunmaktadır. Dünyadaki egemen tema, yükseköğretim kurumları ile aileleri etkileyen, neredeyse tüm ülkeler tarafından politik hedefleri karşılamak için uygulanan bu eğitimde ciddi bir kemer sıkma politikası mevcuttur; çünkü yükseköğretim, özellikle araştırma üniversiteleri oldukça maliyetlidir ve bu kurumlara olan talep her yıl artmaktadır. Artan bu maliyetler ülkeleri; yükseköğretimin kamu gelirleri, aile katkıları ve hayırseverlerin bir kombinasyonu ile finanse edilmesi gerektiği şeklindeki anlayışa yöneltmektedir. Bu çalışmada dünya ülkelerinde ve Türkiye’de yükseköğretimde harcamaların bütçe içindeki yerini ve dünyada yükseköğretime ayrılan payı belirlemek amacıyla alanyazın taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Erişilen çalışma bulguları değerlendirilerek, dünya ülkelerinde ve Türkiye’de bütçeden yükseköğretime ayrılan pay tartışılmıştır., Higher education is a semi-public property which does not have to be presented by the state. However, because the state has a high level of income for education, the state undertakes this burden for individuals to receive higher education, and provides higher education and encourages the private sector to support higher education in order to alleviate some of its burden. In many countries of the world, higher education is supported by public sector. Although the countries of the world are quite different from each other in terms of their basic economies, cultures and political systems, there are many similarities between countries in the financing of higher education. The dominant theme in the world is a serious austerity policy that affects higher education institutions and families, and is implemented by almost all countries to meet policy targets, because higher education, especially research universities, is quite costly and enrolment is increasing every year. These costs increased countries; it leads to the understanding that higher education should be financed by a combination of public revenues, family contributions and philanthropists. In this study, the countries of the world and their place within the budgets of higher education expenditures in Turkey and investigate literature was conducted to determine the share allocated. Within the scope of the literature review, studies on higher education expenditures, higher education finance and statistical data have been tried to be reached. Results are evaluated and OECD countries and share of the budget allocated to higher education in Turkey was discussed.

The aim of the study was to determine the relationsip between deontic justice attitudes among prospective teachers and their tendencies towards academic dishonesty. Participants in the study were 403 university students attending different departments of the Education Faculty of the Hacettepe University, a state university in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. The sample was determined by means of a stratified sampling technique, and students were chosen randomly from different departments. Attitudes towards deontic justice and tendencies towards academic dishonesty among the participants were stratified in terms of gender and students’ affiliation to a specific department of education. The findings suggested that female students and participants from the English Language Education Department had the highest deontic justice attitudes; male students and participants from the Physical Education and Sports Department had the highest tendencies towards academic dishonesty. A low, negative and statistically significant relationship between deontic justice attitudes and academic dishonesty tendencies exists. Keywords: academic dishonesty tendency; deontic justice attitude; prospective teachers

The demographic transition in women has a positive role in enhancing women’s position in the society. The consequences of the demographic transition for women resulted in more women in the labor force and more educated women in society. However, Turkey still has a long way to go in approaching the level of most developed countries. All the statistics reveal that Turkey still seems as a male-dominant society. Analysis related to women in labor force and social life is essential indicators for the development of integrated strategies to promote nationwide fundamental principles. Turkey needs to set policies and strategy and then monitor the progress toward goals and to adjust policies where needed. In this chapter, we examine labor force and social life of women in Turkey.

Truly, while some countries are still grappling with policy issues to do with acceptance of the refugees in their respective countries, Turkey has become a safe haven to many, a refugee. This has not only featured the ordinary aspects of food, shelter, drinking water, clothing but also services like education, health, social services and transport assistance. Even more crucially, Turkey has offered other aspects bordering on integration, rights and freedoms, representation, mainstreaming and identity which are critical to the asylum seekers. This makes them feel at home especially given that they may end up staying for a long time or even never return to their homes. Such a process requires multi-dimensional legal and administrative regulation but Turkey has always come up with its own localized version of legal settings to accommodate spontaneous issues. This is what has distinguished Turkey from all other countries in the world given its immeasurable, priceless and invaluable handling of asylum seekers.

The aim of this study is to determine refugee mothers' educational expectations for their children. It is a qualitative research designed with phenomenological approach, which is one of the qualitative research methods. Twenty volunteer mothers coming from Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan were participated in the study. An interview form, including open-ended questions, was used as a data collection tool. The data was collected by face to face meetings with each participant. Content analysis was applied to the data gathered. Findings indicate that the refugee mothers' expectations from the schools are guidance and counseling services for refugee students, more social activities at schools, more intensive Maths and language courses, effective communication and interaction between students, parents and schools. Most of the refugee mothers would like to settle down in a more developed country and they don't want their children continue their education in Turkey.

The successful provision of education for migrant groups rests on the shoulders of teachers. This is premised on the valid view that a teacher is a crucial mediator between migrant families and the host country or community. The teacher enjoys the greatest contact with migrant learners and can influence progress of these migrant learners directly and indirectly which informs transformation. Indeed, experts believe that teacher training should aim to improve knowledge, understanding and practical implementation of teaching ideas, materials and methods to facilitate effective learning on the part of migrants. This spelt the entry point of this paper, the need to explore areas in which teacher training or staff development should be conceived in order to transform migrant education. This was done in tandem with intriguing characteristics of migrant learners as well as a closer look at expected structural and managerial adjustments in education courtesy of migration and refugee crisis.

This study reports a scale for symbiotic relationships of schools with other institutions, and it’s produced from Ozcan's doctoral thesis (2017) that aims to develop interorganizational symbiosis scale for secondary schools. With this scale, the symbiotic relationships between schools and other 13 institutions were examined. This scale was applied on 67 participants: 52 school administrators and 15 teachers working in Eskisehir. This scale has four parts that contain four or more choices. Cronbach’s alpha is used to describe the internal consistency reliability of these parts’ measurements. When these institutions are evaluated as a single group, Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficients were found to be in the middle- and high-value ​​range. According to the duties and functions of these 13 institutions, when three factors are evaluated, namely, public institutions, commercial enterprises, and social partners, Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficients of these factors are found to be sufficient in middle- and high-value ​​range. Additionally that scale has four parts more: two parts contain three choices, and two open-ended questions were used to better explain the symbiosis situation.

Substance addiction is a social problem that influences all dimensions of individuals' lives, closing off their environment and disrupting their lives. Structuring the prosperity of society through youths, who have gained self-consciousness regarding the thought that healthy societies are able to occur through healthy generations and who have developed awareness on regarding substance addiction and addicts, is important for the future of the world and all countries. The aim of this research is to determine the levels of awareness levels (knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation sub-dimensions), attitudes, and stigmatization of youths between the ages of 1-29 living in Ankara, Turkey regarding substance addiction and addicts. It also aims to look for differentiations among the variables of addiction according to employment status, educational status, gender, age range, and educational status. Voluntarily participating in the research, which was designed as a survey model and uses the mixed-methods strategy, are 1,117 youths. Overall, seminars, conferences, information meetings, and projects have an impact on youths' awareness levels.

The aim of this study is to determine the levels of the organizational dimensions of organizational intelligence and organizational intelligence according to the opinions of teachers and administrators who work in the determined primary school and to investigate whether these views differ according to demographic variables such as age, gender, seniority, school working year and educational status. The study group consisted of 48 people working in a primary school in the Çankaya/Ankara in the academic year 2018-2019. The data obtained by “Multidimensional Organizational Intelligence Scale” were analyzed with quantitative methods by using descriptive statistics, t-test and variance analysis as Anova and Ancova. According to the results of the research, teachers and administrators’ perceptions about the organizational intelligence level of their schools are at a medium level and they have a high perception in being rapid in action and reaction. When the effect of age, seniority and working year variables are determined, bachalor’s and master’s degree graduates believe that their school is more effectively in terms of the change of the rules regarding the functioning of the organization according to the associate degree graduates when necessary and the bureaucratic procedures in a level that does not decrease the organizational speed., Bu çalışmanın amacıbelirlenen bir ilkokulda görev yapan öğretmen ve yönetici görüşlerine göre,örgütsel zekâ ve örgütsel zekânın eylemsel boyutlarının düzeylerini ortayakoymak ve bu görüşlerin yaş, cinsiyet, kıdem, okuldaki çalışma yılı ve öğrenimdurumları gibi demografik değişkenlere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını incelemektir.Çalışma grubunu, 2018–2019 eğitim-öğretim dönemi içerisinde, Ankara ili Çankayailçesindeki bir ilkokulda görev yapan 48 kişi oluşturmaktadır. “Çok BoyutluÖrgütsel Zekâ Ölçeği” kullanılarak elde edilen veriler nicel yöntemlerle,betimsel istatistikler, t-testi ve varyans analizlerinden Anova ve Ancovakullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmen veyöneticilerin okullarının örgütsel zeka düzeyine ilişkin algıları ortadüzeydedir. Öğretmen ve yöneticiler Eylemde ve Tepkide Çabukluk boyutundayüksek algıya sahiptirler. Yaş, kıdem ve çalışma yılı değişkenlerinin etkisiaçısından incelendiğinde, lisans ve yüksek lisans mezunu katılımcıların, önlisans mezunlarına göre örgütün işleyişine ilişkin kuralların gerektiğindedeğiştirilebilir nitelikte olması ve bürokratik işlemlerin örgütsel hızıazaltmayacak düzeyde yapılması konularında ilkokulun daha etkili davrandığınıdüşündükleri belirlenmiştir.

At the apex of educational research lies a deliberate effort to investigate the most appropriate ways in which leadership can best be served. This is precipitated by both the changing educational terrain due to paradigm shifts and the need to keep up with the times on the part of educational leaders. The result of this has been a rise of a variety of leadership approaches that can be obtained within this complex jigsaw. One of such new leadership approaches is fractal leadership and it guided this research. The views of teachers regarding the fractal leadership practices of male and female schools principals were explored in a comparative setting. This was accomplished via a Likert-type questionnaire developed by the researchers. According to the findings of the study, the fractal leadership-related practices of male school principals were found to be at a moderate level of effectiveness, while the fractal leadership-related practices of female school principals were found to be at a low level of effectiveness. Responses of teachers regarding fractal leadership-related practices of female and male school principals showed significant differences in some dimensions or elements based on school type, age, educational qualification, and professional experience. Meanwhile, responses of teachers regarding the fractal leadership-related practices of female and male school principals showed no significant differences in all dimensions or elements based on gender and marital status. In order to improve on the fractal leadership-related practices of school principals, a number of appropriate recommendations have been put forward for institutionalization. Equally, recommendations for further research are presented.