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Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences / Türkiye Klinikleri Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) is the property of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) is the property of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The use of rubber dam is the gold standard among isolation methods in dentistry. The aim of this study is to evaluate the students' approach and knowledge level on the use of rubber dam in dentistry. Materials and Methods: In this study, a questionnaire was created with the help of an online form builder on Google. In the survey, 18 different questions were asked in the form of multiple choice and checkboxes about the use of rubber dam. The questions used in the survey were prepared by compiling from the questions asked in the literature. Survey questions were sent to 286 people online. A total of 262 students participated in the survey. Results: Participants were %43 male and 57% female. The ages of the participants are between 20-44. Of the participants, 64% stated that they did not know how to use a rubber dam, and 97% reported that they did not use a rubber dam in clinical routine. While the rate of those who never used a rubber dam was 82% in adult patients, it was 85% in pediatric patients. Despite this, 84% of the participants think that the use of rubber dam should be mandatory in vital endodontic treatments and 71% in non-vital endodontic treatments. Most of the participants find the rubber dam useful in terms of isolation success and aspiration safety. In the answers given, the lack of knowledge and education was chosen as the most common reason for not using a rubber dam. For this reason, 96% of the participants do not consider themselves sufficient in the use of rubber dam. Conclusion: The use of rubber dam has numerous clinical benefits for the physician. For this reason, necessary theoretical and practical training should be supported for the widespread use of rubber dams.

Copyright of Selcuk Dental Journal is the property of Selcuk Dental Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal / İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciene Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Amaç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 sebebiyle ev izolasyonundaki kişilerin semptomlarını takip etmek ve dolayısıyla hastalık dönemini hastane dışında geçiren kişilerin klinik seyri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bir sağlık kuruluşu personelinden 27 Mart 2020- 27 Şubat 2021 tarihleri arasında ev izolasyonunda olan, COVID-19 hastası toplam 501 kişi ile bir araştırmacının her gün telefonla görüştüğü çalışma, longitudinal olarak planlandı. Kişilere Sağlık Bakanlığının COVID-19 Rehberi ve literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan anket soruları yöneltildi. Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan izin alındı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Ki-kare, Mann-Whitney U, Spearman’s korelasyon testleri kullanılmış, anlamlılık sınırı olarak 0,05 kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmadaki kişilerin (501) %65,7’si kadın, yaş ortalamaları 34,9 ± 9,1 yıldır. 501 kişiden 201’i (%40,1) temas yerini bildiğini söylemiştir. 107 kişi (%53,2) kurum içi, 94 kişi (%46,8) kurum dışı olarak bildirmiştir. İzolasyon sürecinde hastaneye yatışın sigara kullanımı veya kronik hastalık varlığı ile farklılık göstermediği (sırasıyla p=0,101 ve 0,361), ileri yaş ve erkek cinsiyet ile istatistiksel olarak arttığı bulunmuştur (sırasıyla p lt;0,001 ve lt;0,001). Semptom görülen kişilerin (n=497) ilk semptomu genelde kas-iskelet sistemi ağrısı (%37,2), takip boyunca en sık görülen semptom ise öksürük (%59,4) olmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışma, yüz yüze iletişimin azaltılmasının gerektiği salgın veya yüz yüze iletişimin kurulamayabileceği afet durumlarında, telefon gibi bir teknolojiden yararlanarak sağlık hizmetlerinin devamlılığının sağlanabileceğini gösteren bir tele-sağlık uygulaması olarak kabul edilebilir. Bu uygulamaların geliştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar ile COVID-19 pandemisinin dezavantajları avantaja dönüştürülebilir.

Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Our objective was to investigate the incidence of head and spine injuries due to trauma before and after the pandemic. To identify the situations that should be considered in isolation measures due to the possibility of the occurrence of such epidemics in the globalized world. Material and Method: Medical records of 2595 patients were accessed, and 1309 patients with missing patient data were excluded from the study. Normal distribution of continuous variables was tested with the KolmogorovSmirnov test. Continuous variables were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test, and categorical variables were compared with the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Results: Data from 1286 patients were analyzed. Some parameters differ before and after the pandemic, including age, injury mechanism, type of lesion, and spinal trauma. The average age is 33.9, and the male-female ratio is 3/2. The most frequent admission to the emergency room was in the summer. Our data showed significant differences in age, gunshot wounds in the trauma mechanism, soft tissue injury and contusion in lesions, and spinal trauma. Conclusion: The Covid pandemic has caused imperative changes in every aspect of life. This situation also caused a shift in the reasons for applying to hospitals. It has been shown that the isolations performed because of Covid19 did not affect the patient's diagnosis, treatment, and mortality, although they changed the mechanisms of head and spine trauma. Even with compulsory isolation for public health, the approach to neurosurgical traumas that may occur should not change. It should not be forgotten that other clinical situations continue during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This study aimed to determine the compliance of intern nurses with isolation precautions in the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic period. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 4th-year intern nurses (n=90) receiving education at the vocational school of health of a state university in November 2020. The data were collected by using a Questionnaire Form and the "Isolation Precautions Compliance Scale". In data analysis, percentage, mean, Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test were used in the SPSS software. Results: The mean age of the intern nurses who participated in the study was 22±1.43 years, 74.4% were female, 51.1% were graduates of Anatolian high schools. Intern nurses 95.6% had received training on isolation precautions, and 81.1% received this training from a course instructor during their undergraduate studies. In was determined that 71.1% of the participants provided nursing care for patients who were under isolation during clinical practice, and 91.1% had knowledge that isolation precautions need to be implemented in the nursing care of patients diagnosed with COVID-19. The mean Isolation Precautions Compliance Scale total score of the participants was 71.92±5.74. There was no significant difference in the mean Isolation Precautions Compliance Scale total scores of the participants based on their sociodemographic characteristics and isolation precautions. Conclusion: It was determined that the compliance of the intern nursing students, whose nursing labor could be needed in the COVID-19 pandemic period, with isolation precautions was on a good level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medical Records is the property of Medical Records and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Harran University Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine / Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Harran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS) / Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Oguz KARABAY and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: In the fight against COVID-19, each country has determined different strategies to combat the epidemic, considering factors such as facilities, health infrastructure systems, and social characteristics. Within the scope of the epidemic management strategy implemented in our country, quarantine was initiated after the field teams reached the COVID-19 cases and their contacts and made the necessary evaluations. Our study aimed to compare the effects of age, gender, contact environment, symptoms, and degree of closeness variables on the transformation into positive COVID-19 cases. Methods: During the 9-month study period between March 20 and December 20, 2020, people who were in contact with COVID-19 cases and whose contact follow-up was initiated by field teams in Gaziemir District of İzmir province were examined. Those who became positive while in isolation were determined among these quarantine contacts. Permission was obtained from the Scientific Research Platform of the Ministry of Health. The ethics committee approval was then obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the University of Health Sciences (HSU) Tepecik Education and Research Hospital with the decision number 2021/01-08, dated 25.01.2021. Results: A total of 14,668 contacts were included in the study. Of these, 2,841 (19.4%) became positive cases during follow-up. Among the contact individuals, 1,544 (20.2%) women and 1,297 (18.5%) men turned into positive cases. Separately for each symptom, contact symptoms significantly affect the conversion to being positive. Individuals who had contact with a positive case in compulsory common areas such as workplaces, schools, barracks, dormitories, prisons, and nursing homes turned into positive cases at a rate of 2.63 times more than individuals who came into contact with them in other settings. Age has a significant effect on the incidence of contacts. It was determined that as the age of the contacts increased, they turned into positive cases at higher rates. Conclusion: We have concluded that the age, gender, contact environment, and proximity to the 60 COVID-19 positive cases affect these individuals in becoming positive cases. Therefore, identifying these features will help us understand the transmission characteristics and spread dynamics of the COVID-19 disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Society & Social Work is the property of Journal of Society and Social Work and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Educational Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

New forms of consumption have emerged with the appearance of the modern society. The money, which is seen as the commodity in this system, causes human beings to have a constant need. Searching for goods on online shopping or in-store live shopping, one always looks for pleasure and satisfaction. However, consciously or unconsciously that person gets consumed. After sometime, isolation starts. In other words, this ends with estrangement. The aim of this article is to find out at what age people feel lonely. In this article, the consumption on the relations was examined amongst different age groups by using Differentiated Loneliness Scale (DLS) developed by Schmidt N & Sermat V1.: The scale was used on two different age groups consisting of 480 people; between 18 and 35-year-old and between 36 and 60-year-old. The research has some limitations due to using the scale on 480 people, totally. / Modern toplum sistemin ortaya çıkması ile yeni tüketim biçimleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu sistemde emtia olarak görülen para, insanoğlunun sürekli ihtiyaç hissetmesine sebep olmaktadır. İnsan, mağaza içinde veya internet ortamında alışveriş yaparken daima zevk almayı, tatmin olmayı beklemektedir. Fakat o kişi bilinçli veya bilinçsizce tükenmektedir. Bir müddet sonra, toplumdan izole olma başlamaktadır. Diğer bir deyişle, bu durum yalnızlaşma ile bitmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı insanların kendilerini hangi yaş gurubunda yalnız hissettiğidir. Makalede Schmidt N ve Sermat V tarafından geliştirilen Farklılaştırılmış Yalnızlık Ölçeği kullanılarak farklı yaş grupları arasındaki ilişkilerin tüketimi incelenmiştir. Ölçek 480 kişiden oluşan, 18 ve 35 yaş grubu ile 36 ve 60 yaş üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Araştırma, ölçeğin 480 kişi üzerinde uygulanmasından dolayı bazı kısıtlılıklara sahiptir.

This study was conducted to determine the presence of fungi and water molds in 13 state and 3 private nurseries in Sakarya, Kocaeli, Yalova, Bursa, Istanbul, Kırklareli and Edirne provinces where woody plants were produced. For this purpose, the coniferous and deciduous seedlings showing various disease symptoms, especially death and drying, were sampled together with their soil. Laboratory studies included microscopic investigations and isolation of fungi from diseased tissues and isolation of Pythiaceous species from soil samples of sampled seedlings. Two hundred twenty-seven deciduous and coniferous seedlings and 79 soil samples were taken from the nurseries. Totally 145 fungal and 57 Pythiaceous isolates were obtained. The isolates were grouped into morphotypes based on their morphological characteristics, and representative isolates were identified by ITS-based DNA analysis. Marssonina brunnea, Melampsora allii-populina on poplar and Dothistroma septosporum on pine were the fungal disease agents detected based on their morphological and microscopical properties. In addition to these species, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum, Phytopythium vexans and Phytophthora syringae were among other important and common species identified. The surveys and laboratory studies conducted within the scope of this research showed that state nurseries host more fungal and Pythiaceous species than private nurseries. The amount and diversity of the obtained fungal and oomycete species draws attention to the risk that these microorganisms can be transported from one nursery to another and even to afforestation areas.

Copyright of Journal of Kirsehir Education Faculty is the property of Journal of Kirsehir Education Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

COVID-19 pandemisi dünyada 4 milyonun üzerinde insanı doğrudan, hemen hemen tüm dünyayı ise toplusal sonuçları nedeniyle dolaylı yollardan etkileyen bir süreç olarak hayatlarımıza girdi. Pandemi olarak kabul edilen bulaşıcı hastalıkların yayılmasını engellemek için tüm dünyada kabul gören izolasyon, karantina, sosyal mesafenin kısıtlanması gibi yöntemler bulunmaktadır. Modern çağda hızla uygulamaya geçirilen bu yöntemler enfeksiyonların yayılmasını ciddi biçimde engellese de, yarattığı ruhsal sorunlar bireylerin ve tüm toplumun yaşamını uzun süre olumsuz biçimde etkilemektedir. Bu yazıda izolasyon, karantina ve sosyal mesafe gibi uygulamaların insanların ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu uygulamalar insanlarda başta kaygı ve depresif belirtiler olmak üzere, farklı emosyonel yanıtlara yol açmaktadır. Stresle baş etme biçimi ve stresin şiddetine bağlı olarak, yatkınlığı olan bireylerde bu uygulamalar başta anksiyete bozuklukları, depresif bozukluklar ve stresle ilişkili bozukluklar olmak üzere pek çok ruhsal bozukluğa neden olabilmektedir. COVID-19 enfeksiyonu yaşlı bireylerde daha kötü seyrettiğinden, bu bireylerde sıkça deliryum tablosu görülebilmektedir. Bu süreçte yaşanan ölümler izole ortamlarda olduğundan komplike yas gelişme riski yüksektir. Ek olarak, bireylere ciddi zararı olan stigmatizasyon bu dönemde izolasyon ya da karantinada olan bireyler için gelişebilecek tehlikeli bir durumdur. Bu sürecin en az zararla atlatılabilmesi için bu uygulamaların süresinin olabildiğince kısa tutulması, sosyal ve ekonomik açıdan toplumun desteklenmesi, sağlık sistemine ulaşımın kolaylaştırılması ve ruh sağlığı hizmetlerinin yaygınlaştırılması önemlidir.

Black mulberry is one of the fruits consumed in our country and in many regions of the world. In this study, the juice of the black mulberry fruit was obtained and the antioxidant substances in its content were purified by column chromatography. Four fractions were obtained by column chromatography. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of each fraction and black mulberry juice were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and ABTS methods, respectively. Furthermore, each fraction and black mulberry juice were analyzed by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) for quantitatively determining their antioxidant substances. The main phenolic substance contained in the black mulberry fruit was determined as cyanidin-3-glucoside. The antioxidant substances contained in black mulberry were purified with recovery over 80% by column chromatography. It has been revealed that the black mulberry fruit is an important anthocyanin source and these anthocyanins can be purified by column chromatography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Research & Development in Nursing / Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi is the property of Association for Research & Development in Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: The scope of the present study was to specify the therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases through evaluating cholinesterase and tyrosinase (TYR) inhibitory and antioxidant activity of Lysimachia verticillaris (LV), and to isolate the major compounds considering the most active fraction. Materials and Methods: The methanol extract (ME) of LV and the chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAC), and aqueous fractions obtained from it were used for biological activity and isolation studies. The ME and all fractions were tested for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and TYR inhibitory and antioxidant potentials using ELISA microtiter assays. Seven major compounds were isolated from the active EtOAC fraction by semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by several spectroscopic methods. Results: Marked AChE inhibitory activity was observed in the EtOAC fraction (6337±1.74%), BChE inhibitory activity in the ME and EtOAC fraction (85.84±3.01% and 83.82±3.93%), total phenol content in the EtOAC fraction (261.59±3.95 mg equivalent of gallic acid/1 g of extract) and total flavonoid contents in the EtOAC fraction (515.54±2.80 mg equivalent of quercetin/1 g of extract), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power values in the aqueous and EtOAC fractions (92.54±0.67%, 92.11±0.30%; 2.318±0.054, 2.224±0.091, respectively). Accordingly, the isolation studies were carried out on the EtOAC fractions. Compounds 1-7 (gallic acid, (+)-catechin, myricetin 3-O-arabinofuranoside, myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-arabinofuranoside, and quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, respectively) were isolated from the active EtOAC fraction. Conclusion: LV may be a potential herbal source for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases based on its strong antioxidant activity and significant cholinesterase inhibition similar to that of the reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resistant bacteria; they are defined as bacteria that can transfer the resistance genes they have acquired to other bacteria. It is predicted that the resistance to antibiotics used in the prevention of these bacteria is a problem that may affect the future. The term isolation, which means abstraction and separation, has emerged as of the beginning of the 20th century, refers to the methods used to prevent hospital infections caused by many resistant bacteria. The main purpose in the implementation of the methods and taking measures; to prevent and / or limit the spread of pathogenic microorganisms to other patients, patient relatives, visitors and healthcare professionals. Despite the great importance of hospital infections and isolation measures, several studies point out that the required standard isolation measures are not paid sufficient attention such. Infections may cause negative effects on healthcare outcomes, and may lead to functional disorders, emotional stress, poor quality of life and death in patients. This review highlights the importance of resistant bacteria and hospital infections and compliance with standard isolation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Infection / Çocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi is the property of Journal of Pediatric Infection / Cocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bacteriophages are considered as alternative antibacterial agents in the food industry and phage therapy due to the widespread of multidrug-resistant pathogen bacteria. The objective of this study was to isolate lytic bacteriophages target to foodborne pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7. For screening of bacteriophages, 51 samples were collected from sewage, wastewaters of fish farms, slaughterhouses and food factories, and 18 bacteriophages were isolated. The titer of the purified phages samples were changed among 1.7×104-1.02×108 PFU/ml. All of the isolated phages had lytic activity against E. coli O157:H7 strains and thus formed clear plaques. Four of 18 phages were found to have inhibitory effects against other E. coli strains including CFAI, ATCC 25922 and DSa in addition to E. coli O157:H7. It was observed that only two phages were infective against Salmonella Kentucky DMC35. The Eco-OH-phages were highly infection ability with EOP values from 0.5 to 0.1 against E. coli O157:H7 strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences / Türkiye Klinikleri Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rosmarinic acid was isolated from ethanol extractions obtained from Prunella grandiflora L. and P. vulgaris L. The total phenolic content of ethanol fractions during isolation was determined by the Folin-Ciocateu method. The cytotoxic doses of the isolated rosmarinic acid were determined by WST-1 (Roche Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany) cell proliferation assay. A 10-60ng cytotoxic dose was determined for pancreas (PANC-1), prostate (PC-3), colon (HT-29) and breast (MDA-MB 436) cancers and GBM (T98G) cell lines and lymphatic tissues. 24 and 48h incubation periods were applied during dose determinations. An antiproliferative effect was observed at the end of 48h incubation period with 50ng rosmaniric acid treatment in PC3 cell line and with 60ng treatment in PANC-1, HT-29, MDA-MB 436 and T98G cell lines. No cytotoxic activity of rosmarinic acid was observed in non-tumor cells

In this study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from unmarked, unpacked kefir samples that sold in Afyonkarahisar province, and their antimicrobial activity on pathogen test microorganisms were evaluated. 6 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from 5 different kefir samples and 16S rDNA PCR analysis was performed for molecular identifications of these isolates. According to results of 16S rDNA PCR analysis; isolated bacteria from kefir samples were identifed as Lactobacillus fermentum, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus durans. Agar spot and agar-well diffusion assay methods were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the lactic acid bacteria isolates on pathogen test microorganisms. All of the isolates showed antimicrobial activity at different levels on the tested pathogenic microorganisms. Lactic acid bacteria isolates showed higher antimicrobial activity on Klebsiella pneumoniea NRRLB 4420, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa ATCC 11778, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 1911 than other test microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus feacalis, Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Bacillus subtilis NRS-744). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, isolation of thermophilic and mesophilic native fungi producing alphaamylase enzyme which is commercially important in bread making, macroscopic, microscopic and molecular identification were performed. Microorganism Culture Collection Centers and Microbial GenBanks to create genetic material and local isolates to produce patents of the native enzyme was aimed. 23 thermotolerant fungi were isolated from the thermal areas of Afyon, Eskişehir, Uşak and Ankara. As a result of macroscopic and microscopic investigations of isolates, 6 isolates of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus and Trichoderma atroviride species which produce high amylase enzyme species were determined. 18S rDNA and ITS regions of the isolates were compared with Web-based BLAST analysis by PCR amplification and molecular identification. As a result of molecular characterization study, it was observed that the classical identification and the molecular identification supported each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in raw milk sold in Kayseri province by conventional and serological methods. Between May 2010 and October 2011, 200 raw cow milk samples were collected from various sellers of the Kayseri provinces. Each milk sample was evaluated in three steps including direct microscopy, culture and serological method. Preparations from milk samples were stained with Ziehl-Neelsen staining method in direct microscopy method. In addition, the same method was used for the staining of suspicious colonies isolated from the media. For the purpose of isolation, the bacteriological inoculation of milk samples was carried out onto Watson-Reid agar and Löwenstein- Jensen supplemented with and without glycerin. Catalase, niacin, nitrate reduction, pyrazinamidase and urease tests were performed for the identification. Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) kit was used for the detection of antibodies in milk samples. MAP was detected in only one sample (0.5%) with the using of three identification methods. As a result, it has been understood that paratuberculosis was not found at high rate in raw milk sold in Kayseri province. However, it has been concluded that the presence of an agent in one sample may pose a significant risk for public health when considering the importance of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microalgae are new generation raw material resources that have been attracting much attention in recent years and have utilization potential in health, food, cosmetics, environment and biofuel production areas. In this study, diatoms, an important microalgal group both due to their abundance and functions, were targeted and an isolation study was carried out with the water samples collected from the Mudanya shores of the Marmara Sea. Isolated diatom was identified as Pleurosigma sp. by DNA sequencing. Diatom's cell density showed statistically positive correlation with increase in silicon and nitrogen when isolated Pleurosigma sp. was cultivated in nutrient solutions containing nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon at different concentrations, but cell density was observed to reach a maximum level at 0.0096 mM phosphate concentration. In the characterization studies, it was observed that the diatom contained significant amounts of ash and silica and diatom's fatty acid profile overlapped with the fatty acid profiles of the frequently studied diatoms in literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Isolation of enzymes and experiments on them require great effort and cost and are time-consuming. Therefore, it is important to extend the usability of the enzymes by immobilizing them. In this study our purpose was to immobilize the enzyme aldose reductase (AR) and to optimize the experimental conditions of the immobilized AR and compare them to those of free AR. Materials and Methods: AR was isolated from bovine liver and the enzyme immobilized in photographic gelatin by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. Then the optimum conditions for free and immobilized AR in terms of pH, temperature, and storage were characterized by determining the enzyme activity. Results: Following immobilization, the optimum pH and temperature levels for free AR, which were pH 7.0 and 60°C, slightly altered to pH 7.5 and 50°C. The enzyme activity of the immobilized AR was maintained at about 65% after reusing 15 times. Moreover, immobilized AR maintained 95% of its original activity after 20 days of storage at 4°C, while the retained activity of the free AR was 85% of the original. Conclusion: Our experiments indicated that the conditions that affect enzyme activity might alter following immobilization. Once the optimum experimental conditions are fixed, the immobilized AR can be stored and reused with efficiency higher than that of free AR. Moreover, this study provides an insight into the advantages of using immobilized AR in enzyme assays rather than free AR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It was aimed to isolate, purify and determine host ranges of lytic phages that infect Listeria monocytogenes in this study. Out of 68 samples screened, 4 positive isolates were recovered from feces, food processing waste water, fisheries waste water, and fish samples. Recovery status of the L. monocytogenes phage was found to be 5.88%. To determine host ranges of phages, soft agar overlay plaque assay was used. While eleven L. monocytogenes strains showed resistant to all four isolated phages, 24 strains were sensitive. The plaque sizes of the 4 phages against 24 L. monocytogenes strains ranged from 0.4 and 2.6 mm. None of the phages had identical host ranges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing of industrialization and population has resulted in the accumulation of a wide variety of chemicals. Especially, widespread use of synthetic and toxic chemicals have led to an effort to improve new technologies to reduce or eliminate these contaminants from the environment. Chemical methods that used for the treatment of toxic materials are expensive, time-consuming and difficult, especially in extensive agricultural areas. Furthermore these methods led to formation of new chemical pollutants. Recent years, one promising alternative treatment method is to use of microorganisms for the biodegradation of these toxic chemicals. This method is effective, minimally hazardous, economical, versatile and environment friendly. In this study, we thought that microflora of insecticide resistant insects may be a potential reservoir for the isolation of new bacteria that can be used for the biodegradation of insecticides. In this research work, totally 24 bacterial isolates capable of biodegradation α-endosulsan were isolated from the body microflora of insects belong to Orthoptera, Dermaptera, Mantodea and Hymenoptera orders. Based on the some morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and fatty acid profiles they were identified as Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Flavimonas and Rhodococcus. As a result, these isolates can be used for the treatment of α-endosulfan residues at different environments.

In this study, presence of motile Aeromonas spp. in different foods of animal origin and water by cultural method and detection to antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates were investigated. A total of 224 food samples such as fish, chicken, fishery products, milk, meat and water supplied from points of sale like market and bazaar in and around Izmir have been examined. Aeromonas selective agar was used for Aeromonas spp. isolation. Gram-negative and oxidase positive colonies were assessed in Vitek 2 system (France) for identification. Of 224 food samples (meat, chicken, fish, fishery products, milk and water) 87 have been found to be positive for motile Aeromonas spp. According to the study, 51 (22.76%) of them were determined as A. hydrophila, 26 (11.6%) of them as A. caviae and 10 (4.6%) of them as A. sobria. Antibiotic susceptibility of Aeromonas isolates was determined according to the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. All Aeromonas spp. isolates have been found to be susceptible to imipenem and ciprofloxacin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, dietary fiber fractions of red and green lentils were isolated, and their potential uses in food products as functional ingredients were determined. During the isolation of dietary fiber fractions, three different methods were used, and three different dietary fiber fractions (hull fiber, insoluble cotyledon fiber and soluble cotyledon fiber) were obtained. Besides the composition and yield of the isolated fibers, their functional properties such as water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, emulsion formation ability and swelling power were also determined. On the other hand, thermal properties of the isolated fibers were determined by the DSC method. From green lentil flour, 6.83% hull fiber, 1.78% insoluble cotyledon fiber and 8.00% soluble cotyledon fiber were obtained while 5.16%, hull fiber, 0.62% insoluble cotyledon fiber and 7.08% soluble cotyledon fiber were isolated from red lentil flour. Yield for cotyledon insoluble fiber from red lentils were lower than the yield of cotyledon insoluble fiber from green lentils. Total dietary fiber contents for the hull fiber, soluble cotyledon fiber and insoluble cotyledon fiber ingredients isolated from green lentils were 23.76, 2.51 and 72.81% whereas for red lentils these values were 20.30, 11.06 and 43.68%, respectively. For the functional properties of dietary fibers, insoluble cotyledon dietary fibers showed higher water holding, fat retention and swelling capacities than other dietary fiber fractions. Emulsion forming capacity was generally weak for lentil fibers. But, the emulsion forming capacity of soluble cotyledon fibers were greater than insoluble cotyledon fiber and hull fiber ingredients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies / Çagdas Türkiye Tarihi Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)