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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of linear and change of direction high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on physical performance in elite female soccer players. Thirty elite female soccer players (age: 19.6 ± 4.6 years; height: 166.5 ± 4.8 cm; body weight: 60.5 ± 8.3 kg; BMI: 21.9 ± 2.9 kg/m²) were randomly allocated to HIIT linear (HIITLIN) and HIIT change of direction (HIITCOD) training groups. The HIITLIN group performed linear running for 15, 20 or 25 s by keeping constant pace during the entire distance. In contrast, the HIITCOD group performed three changes of direction (COD) with a 180° turn during each interval run at 15, 20 or 25 s. Physical performance was assessed using sprinting, agility, vertical jumps, repeated sprint ability (RSA) and 30--15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30--15 IFT). In both groups, all physical performance measurements improved (p ≤ 0.05), except RSAbest in HIITLIN (p = 0.45). Both interventions significantly improved speed over 10 m, 20 m, 30 m, Pro-agility, Zig-zag, RSAavg, fatigue index, maximal oxygen uptake, and velocity at 30--15 IFT, while moderate improvements were observed in countermovement jump (CMJ), CMJ with arm swing and squat jump. However, HIITCOD did not achieve superior improvements in any of the aforementioned measurements compared to HIITLIN. Based on the obtained results, we concluded that different types of HIIT training have a positive effect on physical performance in elite female soccer players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to determine the association between weight status with residential status, geographic region, and sex in younger adolescent age group in Montenegro. The sample was stratified based on gender, settlement type, and geographic region in Montenegro. Anthropometric characteristics were assessed using a battery of three variables: body height (BH), body weight (BW), and body mass index (BMI). BMI was categorized based on the World Health Organisation's (WHO) cut-offs to underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese individuals. The sample comprised 534 early adolescents, specifically 8th grade students, including 283 boys (average age 13.52±0.42 years) and 251 girls (average age 13.51±0.40 years) from primary schools throughout Montenegro. Based on the Chi-square test, an association between weight status and geographic region was found among boys and in the overall sample of children, with the highest prevalence of obesity in the northern region. There is also a significant association between weight status and residential status of adolescents, with obesity being more prevalent among rural children compared to urban children. Additionally, an association between sex and weight status was established, with obesity being more prevalent in boys compared to girls. Therefore, these findings highlight the need for targeted intervention and the promotion of healthy lifestyles among children, taking these demographic factors into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim. Injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee is the most common ligament injury that requires operative treatment. So far, multiple ACL reconstruction (ACLR) techniques using a variety of graft types and implants that fixate the grafts have been described. The aim of the study was to compare two different ACLR techniques using two implant types for suspensory graft fixation in the femoral tunnel. Methods. This randomized-prospective study encompassed 60 patients/subjects who underwent ACLR in the period between January 2015 and December 2017 at the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Military Hospital “Dr Vladan Djordjević” Niš. The ACLR in all patients included in the study was per-formed using a quadruple semitendinosus-gracilis (STG) graft with two types of suspensory fixation on the lateral femoral cortex, whereas the graft fixation in the tibial tunnel was performed using an osteoconductive bioresorbable screw. The post-operative knee stability was assessed 24 months after surgery using the Lachman test and the lateral pivot shift test, as well as the KT-1000 arthrometer test. Results. In patients whose graft was fixated using a fixed-length loop implant, the mean post-surgery knee stability, measured with the KT-1000, was 1.167 ± 0.780; in patients whose graft was fixated using an adjustable-length loop implant, the mean value of the KT-1000 was 1.100 ± 0.894 (p = 0.605). The mean post-surgery International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score for the fixed-length loop group was 84.887 ± 9.0207, while for the adjustable-length loop the score was 88.327 ± 7.302. The mean Lysholm score was 93.50 ± 6.872 for the fixed-length loop group of patients and 94.00 ± 5.527 for the adjustable-length loop group of patients. Conclusion. Both types of implants can be used with success during ACLR, because the functional results of operative treatment using both implants were identical after surgery.

The aim of this research was to summarize the relevant literature on wrist injuries in gymnasts and to determine the prevalence of injuries based on a systematic review of previous research. In sports gymnastics, the upper extremities are the bearers of the whole body, which leads to consequences such as wrist injuries. The types of injuries are different, depending on its excessive use. The combination of a period of rapid growth and intensive training creates the conditions for gymnasts to be more prone to injuries, especially wrist injuries. Electronic search of papers was performed in databases: KoBSON, PubMed and Google Academic, and the studies were published in the period from 2010 to 2020, while a descriptive method was used to analyse the obtained data. Based on the database search, 14 studies met the criteria. Subjects who participated in questionnaires and experiments and different types of corrective treatment, sought to prevent further progression of the injury, and most subjects made major progress in suppressing or completely regressing their wrist injury. Raising awareness of the existence of this injury is of great importance in sport gymnastics, so early detection and prevention of injury is crucial.

The aim of this systematic review was to determine, based on the summary of relevant literature, whether physical activity affects the obesity of the elderly. The sample of respondents were males and females, a total of 1110, older than 65 years. The criteria for the analysis of the papers were as follows: the papers included from 2005 to 2020, that the study was of a longitudinal character and that the respondents were older than 65 years. Based on the set criteria, 20 studies were included in the final analysis, which were analyzed and presented. The analysis of the obtained results can conclude that physical activities have positive effects on obesity in the elderly, but the scope and intensity of the experimental program should be taken into account, while the results of this research can be used by future research to find adequate literature to determine the effects of physical activity on obesity a person.

The aim of this research was to determine the influence of a 12-week program of aerobics mix on the parameters of body composition in healthy adult women. The research has been performed in a sample of 64 women participants, and it is divided into two groups, an experimental group (E), made of 34 women participants (age 32 ± 1.8 years), and a control one (C), made of 30 women participants (age 33 ± 0.5 years). Their anthropometric and body composition were evaluated using the following respective parameters: body height, body weight, body fat percentage, muscle mass percentage, skinfold-back (KNL), skinfold-upper arm (KNN), skinfold-stomach (KNT), and skinfold-thigh (KNNK). After mix aerobics realization, among the women of the E group, there is a reduction of body mass by -2.5% and waist size by -3.39%, while muscle mass increased by 2.26%. With all skinfolds within the participants of the E group, there is a statistically important gained reduction of p < 0.05 at the final measuring, compared with the initial one (upper arm -21.10%, stomach -14.36%, back -20.58%, and upper leg -13.98%). The reduction of body mass percentage was -10.59%, and that of body mass index was -2.5%. Based on the gained results, it can be concluded that the mix program was efficient in the reduction of the subcutaneous fat tissue and visceral fat and also influential on the increase of muscle mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Open fractures of the lower leg degree IIIC by Gustilo belong to the most serious open fractures of the lower leg segment.These fractures are, along with the main blood vessels damage, often followed by a severe soft-tissue damage of the lower leg. Case report. Patient 20 years old, sustained a severe open fracture of the left lower leg in a car accident, with the disruption of the continuity of the main left lower leg arteries. After clinical examination and radiography (X-ray) diagnosis, the primary treatment of the open fracture fragment wound, reposition of the left lower leg and stabilization of the open fractures by the external skeletal fixator were performed. In the postoperative period, there was a manifestation of acute ischemia of the left foot. Arteriography verified discontinuity of all three crural arteries at the level of the fracture line. The patient was immediately surgically treated. Revascularization of the extremities was performed by reconstruction of the anterior tibial artery by 15 centimeters long saphenous graft interposition with creation of distal anastomosis at the level of the dorsal artery of the foot. Large soft tissue defect and reconstructed vessels were covered with transpositional fasciocutaneous flap. The postoperative course was accompanied by proper graft flow. Control X-ray examination verified fracture of the distal pin of external skeletal fixator with the healing of fractures of the tibia with angular deformity. The external fixator was removed, except for the residual part of the pin in the distal part of the lower leg. During the control examination after completion of the treatment, the patient walked without mobility aid. Conclusion. External skeletal fracture fixation, damaged blood vessels reconstruction and early covering of the soft-tissue shin defect are basic elements in saving the injured limb. The long term goal of treatment of open lower leg fractures with an injury of the main blood vessels is to allow patients return to usual daily activities and professional work. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 41017: Virtual human osteoarticular system and its application in preclinical and clinical practice]

Copyright of Facta Universitatis: Series Physical Education & Sport is the property of Facta Universitatis, Series Physical Education & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Leadership in sports is a collaborative, cooperative, and interactive process between coaches and athletes. A coach's most important abilities include athlete motivation, creating a productive environment in the group, and pursuing success. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of the coach's leadership style on basketball players' perfectionism. The sample of participants for the purposes of this research consisted of 104 respondents (51 male, 53 female), who play the second rank of the national competition. In order to examine the coach's behavior, the online questionnaire Leadership Scale for Sport and Competitive perfectionism Scale was used to determine the positive and negative dimensions of competitive perfectionism. The influence of leadership style on the pursuit of perfectionism and changes in the values of the pursuit of perfectionism is determined by changes in instructiveness 7.1%, democratic behavior 16.9%, autocratic behavior 26.3%, social support 16.5% and positive feedback 33.6 %. The obtained results indicate the influence of leadership style on the perfectionism of the basketball players and statistical significance, and that each coach type tends towards per-fectionism and it is not possible to generalize which style is more appropriate in which situation. The impact on the scale of competitive perfectionism and changes in the values of striving for perfectionism was determined by changes in instructiveness 3.1%, democratic behavior 5.6%, autocratic behavior 8.3%, social support 1.9% and positive feedback 10.3%. Based on the obtained results, we conclude that autocratic behavior (8.3%) and positive feedback (10.3%) showed statistically significant values in relation to other values of the coach's behavior style on competitive perfectionism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treatment plan in contemporary orthodontics cannot be imagine without analyzing soft tissue facial characteristics besides assessment of jaw and dental relationships. Aim. Using a questionnaire, we aimed this study at establishing facial characteristics, in relation to sagittal and vertical facial ratios, which are considered aesthetically acceptable, and which could be altered by the means orthodontic treatment. Material and Method. The research was conducted in persons from 23 to 30 years of age whose photographs were taken in standard conditions. Photographs of three patients with different facial profiles were chosen (Class I, Class II and Class III). Every photo was modified in six new profiles by changing facial features. This included mesial and distal shift of maxilla and mandible, as well as increase and decrease of lower facial height. Results. The results showed that straight profile, which is most often present in normal jaw relationships, is considered the most beautiful, furthermore slightly convex profiles are also considered very attractive. Convex profile is connected with distal jaw relationship and its intensity affects facial attractiveness. Concave profile in patients with mesial jaw relationship is aesthetically the least acceptable.

The aim of this study was to examine the efects of Delair`s mask on facial skeleton in patients with Class III antero-posterior jaw relationship. Two groups of children were evaluated. The first group of 34 children with Class III was treated with Delair`s mask. The second group of 46 children with Class III did not receive any orthodontic treatment and was presented as a control group. In the first group pretreatment and post treatment radiographic tracing was done while second tracing in the control group was done a year after diagnostic radiographic tracing. Analysis of the skeletal facial profile was done measuring SNA, SNB and ANB angles. Rotation of the maxillary base (NS/SpP), rotation of the mandibular base (NS/MP) and vertical relationship between jaws (SpP/MP) were also measured. The results were statisticaly analysed using T test, descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon`s test. The results of this study showed changes in facial skeleton in children treated with Delair`s mask compared to the control group. In the first group of children SNA and ANB angles were increased and the SNB angle was decreased.

The aim of this investigation was to assess the craniofacial morphology of five male individuals with 46,XX chromosomal constitution, and to compare them with normal male individuals (46,XY) and normal female participates (46,XX). The investigation was carried out on the lateral cephalomestic radiographs of five male individuals with sex reverse syndrome (46,XX chromosomal constitution), 62 normal female (46,XX) and 31 normal male (46,XY chromosomal constitution) participants. The following angular variables were measured: SNA, SNB, ANB, SN/SpP, SN/MP and SpP/MP. For each variable the mean value and standard deviation were calculated. The Student t-test was used to compare the result obtained between the group of patients with sex reverse syndrome and group of normal male, as well as of normal female participants. The male individuals with 46, XX chromosomal constitution showed slight bimaxillary retrognathism, and class III sagittal jaw relationship. Due to decreased inclination of the upper jaw to the anterior cranial base, the angle of vertical jaw relationship slightly increased in the group of patients with sex reverse syndrome, compared to normal male and female participants.

This document is a certificate of publication for an article titled "Does the Impact Force Depend on Arm Position and Run-up Speed during Forward Handspring on the Vault in Elite Gymnasts? A Pilot Study." The article was published in the Balneo & PRM Research Journal in June 2024. The authors of the article are Petar Veličković, Dušan Stanković, Miloš Paunović, Dušan Đorđević, Saša Bubanj, Miodrag Kocić, Božidar Marović, Bojan Bjelica, Veroljub Stanković, and Nikola Aksović. The article explores the impact force during a forward handspring on the vault in elite gymnasts and investigates whether it depends on arm position and run-up speed. The journal is associated with the Romanian Association of Balneology and has both print and online ISSN numbers. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Annales Kinesiologiae is the property of Annales Kinesiologiae and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)