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The teachers’ motivation is crucial for the application of innovation in their teaching. Therefore, it is important to find out which factors stimulate the intrinsic and/or extrinsic motivation of teachers, so that the innovation is accepted and used in teaching. This paper points out the need to understand the factors that motivate teachers to use the Unplugged MEMA method for early programming teaching. In this regard, ways of motivating current and future teachers to apply the MEMA method over a longer period are presented, and potential factors of motivation are explained using the existing conceptual model for accepting innovations in the educational environment. The results of this work can be helpful in creating a teachers’ education model for the future application of the MEMA method and for the introduction of similar innovations in teaching.

U ovom radu navodi se na primjeru kako zahtjevan zadatak iz osnovnoškolske matematike može poticajno djelovati na zahtjevnu zadaću u razvoju računalnog razmišljanja za najraniji uzrast i obrnuto.

U priručniku se razmatraju osnovni koncepti vezani uz baze podataka. Kao platforma koristi se Microsoft Access.

U radu se opisuje radionica u kojoj je učiteljicama iz tri riječke osnovne škole objašnjeno kako mogu svoje učenike uvesti u svijet programiranja. Obrađeni su pojmovi program, naredba, varijabla, konstanta, adresa i kompatibilnost.

The suppositions and dimensions of the influence of secondary school education on the quality and effects of informatics education in University are manifold. The influence of secondary school education can be perceived through two basic dimensions: 1) the general influence dimension of a specific secondary school, and 2) the dimension of the influence of computer and related classes, which students were exposed to during secondary school. The aforementioned dimensions of influence can be analyzed by defining key factors of general secondary school education, and the factors of informatics education in secondary school, which are significant for the quality and effects in higher computer science education. The defined basic and exactly measurable criteria of the influence of secondary school education on the students' informatics education in college are the criterion of the number of school years during which information science classes were taken, as well as the criterion of secondary school orientation (course), among which those students were selected, who graduated from economics secondary schools and gymnasium (comprehensive) secondary schools.

Računalno razmišljanje i programiranje dio je informatičkog kolegija koji se predlaže za sva četiri razreda osnovne škole prema novom Kurikulumu. Metoda Početnica Mema pruža mogućnost da se ta nastava odvija sasvim prilagođena uzrastu djece uz veliku potporu učiteljici ili učitelju. U ovome radu dana je ilustracija primjene novog Kurikuluma na primjeru metode Početnica Mema za prvi razred osnovne škole.

U ovome radu prikazano je trogodišnje ispitivanje brucoša na temu varanja na ispitima. Cilj rada je potaknuti nastavnike da svaki u svojoj sredini poradi na svijesti svojih učenika odnosno studenata, da varanje nazovu pravim imenom i da mladima objasne da se radi o štetnoj pojavi koja nema ništa pozitivnog u sebi.

This paper discusses the development trends of informatization in the function of the business change management in Croatian companies. This study is a review of the trends in development of informatization and factors of change management based on data collected from 50 large and medium-sized companies in Croatia. After analyzing the data, we systematized and analyzed factors of change management using complementary and comparative approach. The aim of the research is to systematize the factors of business change management, identify key factors and trends in strategic development of informatization of business systems, and analyze the modalities, the direction and intensity of the impact of trends in informatization on change management, by components (factors) and in a synergistic manner. In this paper we investigate the influence of strategic factors (trends) of development of business informatizaton on business change management factors to identify and systematize factors that promote alignment between business and IT strategy and factors of apps support to business system. The impact of strategic factors of informatization on business change management in Croatian companies has been investigated and presented using correlation-based techniques. The paper is structured in six interrelated parts. In the first section, the introduction, we discuss the features and trends in development of informatization as a function of business change management system. The second section discusses the features of computerized business in the example of Enterprise 2.0. In the third part, we systematize and describe the strategic characteristics of business system as factors of change management that define the level of shift from traditional to computerized operations. The fourth part presents and analyzes the results of the research of impact of strategic factors of business informatization on the factors of change management. In the fifth part, based on the results of research, we form and present a model of the impact of factors of business informatization on the factors of change management. A summary of the paper's main points has been included in the conlusion section.

Rad razmatra utjecaj srednjoškolske naobrazbe na uspješnost visokoškolskog obrazovanja

Vidi rad

Function/graph plotting/graphing is often required as the invaluable part of the scientific research in order to present and/or track the observed phenomena’ s and/or subject’ s changes, movements and/or trends. This method is widely used in Economics as well as in all other sciences. Therefore this article represents a brief summary of carefully selected function/graph/equation plotting software according to the following criteria: size, price and possibilities. Accordingly, throughout the paper authors strived to be objective in reviewing and marking so that the information given can be used as the systematic guide. In the conclusion of the Paper a final decision on the best applications is reached and elaborated.

In this article authors are lobbing for programming education which is being neglected, to be a basis of Information literacy They are also providing arguments that support programming education and refer to previous work where this issue was addressed methodologically. They also suggest programming in VBA (Visual Basic for Application) as an inspirational and achievable way of acquiring basic programming skills.

Sve se više spominje konvergencija NBIC (nanoznanost, bioznanost, informacijska znanost i kognitivna znanost) i to ne samo zbog relevantnih znanstvenih informacija nego iz praktičnih razloga ; osnivaju se nove, male tvrtke koje iskorištavaju dobivene infomacije i nove ideje nano-tehnologije, bio-tehnologije i genetike. Proizvodi se koriste u svim granama medicine, tehnike i uporabne proizvodnje. Primjeri koji se navode, upućuju na činjenicu da će dosadašnji nastavni sadržaji morati biti sve brže nadopunjavani, ne samo uporabom novih generacija računala i mreža, već i kroz povećana znanja, koja će studenti primiti iz kemije, fizike i genetike, koristeći nova saznanja o radu ljudskog mozga.

Danas je učenicima razvoj znanja, vještina i sposobnosti iz područja programiranja omogućen na različim obrazovnim razinama u različitom obimu kroz formalni, neformalni i informalni oblik obrazovanja. Međutim obrazovna praksa pokazuje da je programiranje za većinu učenika poput matematike, uglavnom slabo prihvaćeno i nepopularno. Stoga je važno pronaći načine koji će olakšati process učenja i poučavanja programiranja, te potaknuti kod učenika želju za razvojem u području programiranja. S druge strane, važno je pronaći odgovarajuću razinu zastupljenosti programiranja u kurikulu za osnovne i srednje škole. (A moglo bi biti lakše.). Ovaj rad opisuje jednu mogućnost kako se to može postići.

"Početnica-MEMA" je metoda namijenjena učiteljici ili učitelju koji su voljni učenike pripremiti za programiranje. Priručnik sadrži upute prema kojima se bez prethodnog iskustva može poučavati programiranje u nižim razredima osnovne škole.

Nužnost reforme predvisokoškolskog obrazovanja s naglaskom na smanjivanje broja predmeta i poticanje kreativnog rada te analitičkog pristupa rješavanju problema kod učenika, uvođenje Informatike kao obveznog predmeta za sve učenike i integracija informatike u predmete područja STEM (engl. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), hitna priprema udžbenika i nastavnih pomagala za izvedbu suvremene teorijske i praktične nastave te žurno pokretanje programa izobrazbe učitelja i nastavnika informatike za osnovne i srednje škole – to su najvažniji zaključci okruglog stola pod nazivom Digitalna pismenost i računarstvo u predvisokoškolskom obrazovanju održanog 28. svibnja 2014. godine na 37. međunarodnom skupu MIPRO 2014 u Opatiji.

In this paper we analyze the significance of IT education strategy oriented to the alignment between in - formation systems and business systems. We establish goals and develop concepts, and present a metho - dological frame of strategic IT education. We report the results of our research and investigate the way and intensity of the impact of strategic IT education on the factors influencing the alignment and linking between information systems and business strategies. From the point of view of our research, we have focused on factors that have an influence on the alignment between information systems and business strategies, and factors affecting organisational effectiveness. Factors influencing strategic IT education have also been systematized within the categories of busine - ss/information system alignment, and organisational effectiveness. Since strategic IT education has been recognized and organized in different concepts, we have included three concepts in our questionnaires: strategic IT education for managers, organisational learning and e-learning, U ovom radu analiziramo važnost strategije obrazovanja za informacijske tehnologije (IT) koja treba biti usmjerena na usklađivanje informacijskih i poslovnih sustava. Odredili smo ciljeve, razvili koncepte i pred - stavili metodološki okvir za strateško IT obrazovanje. Iznosimo rezultate svog istraživanja i razmatramo način i intenzitet utjecaja strateškog IT obrazovanja na čimbenike koji djeluju na usklađivanje i povezivanje između informacijskih sustava i poslovnih strategija. Što se tiče našeg istraživanja, usmjerili smo se na čimbenike koji djeluju na usklađivanje i povezivanje između informacijskih sustava i poslovnih strategija, kao i na čimbenike koji utječu na organizacijsku učinkovitost. Nadalje, čimbenici koji utječu na strateško IT obrazovanje su sistematizirani u kategorije usklađivanja poslovnog/informacijskog sustava, te organizacijske učinkovitosti. S obzirom da je strateško IT obrazovanje prepoznato i organizirano u različitim konceptima, u naš upitnik smo uključili tri koncepta: strateško IT obrazovanje za menadžere, organizacijsko učenje i e-učenje

In 1978, first microprocessors course was organized in Rijeka and Buje. This was the beginning of MIPRO, one of the biggest international ICT meetings in this part of the world. From the first beginning of MIPRO, education was considered, but it is only from 1997 that a separate conference Computers in Education was established. MIPRO since then has grown, and has earned international recognition.

The paper present an overview of some of the ways to establishing a holistic Information systems, including a model established on the basis of autors work, taking into account competing interests: such as quality, speed, security and cost.

Uvod u programiranje nad Excelom u VBA.

U priručniku se razmatraju osnovni koncepti vezani uz financijsko modeliranje u Excelu i drugim proračunske tablicama. Kao platforma za sve izračune i prikaze koristi se Microsoft Excel.

There has been nothing in the history of education that had such an impact as the impact that computers had on education. Initially, education and training for computer use was performed only by companies that were selling or supplying hardware and software. In 1978, first microprocessors seminar was organized in Rijeka and Buje. This was the beginning of MIPRO (www.mipro.hr), one of the biggest international ICT meetings in this part of the world. From the first beginning of MIPRO, education was considered, but it is only from 1997 that a separate conference Computers in Education was established. MIPRO today has grown, and has earned international recognition.

U radu se opisuju različiti pogledi na ljudski čimbenik u informacijskoj tehnologiji i poučavanju.

U priručniku se razmatraju osnovni koncepti vezani uz baze podataka. Kao platforma koristi se Microsoft Access.

Entrepreneurship is considered as a significant factor when considering economic growth of developed EU markets. Its organisational structure of institutions and organisation supporting entrepreneurship growth is characteristic for the developed market economies only. As opposed to EU, in most countries applying for entering EU, as well as in Republic of Croatia, there are only few universal institutions in entrepreneurship function. In order for Republic of Croatia to reach the level of EU, certain prerequisites for faster entrepreneurship development have to be created, and for achieving that, developed countries' knowledge and experience have to be considered. In order to develop entrepreneurship, the basic postulate is to support entrepreneurship and to develop the culture of entrepreneurship. When reading the program of Croatian Government, it is notable that small and middle entrepreneurship is considered an actuating strength for Croatian economy. Ministry of Economy, Labour and Entrepreneurship with its small and middle entrepreneurship stimulation programme wishes to create assumptions for entrepreneurship goals which, among other are: steady growth in all Croatian regions, larger number of small and middle entrepreneurship, competition increment and employment stimulation, administrative obstacles removal, alteration of activity structure in favour of production, creating positive entrepreneurship climate and such. For implementation of such programme entire line of measures and activities is being undertaken, one of such is financial support for entrepreneurship development. With that considered, above mentioned Ministry has in 2004 prepared 25 public invitations for financing different users of financial support meaning the citizens and entrepreneurs. This paper covers financial support types for programmes for developing small and middle entrepreneurship, adaptation to needs of entrepreneurs and financial crediting analysis. The sample observed includes present and future entrepreneurs in Primorsko– goranska County meaning all communities that have expressed an interest for above stated financial support. Special accent is put on financial crediting of youth entrepreneurship, especially beginners, and women entrepreneurs both representing "Youth entrepreneurship" and "Women entrepreneurship" projects respectively.

There are numerous possibilities to improve the implementation of contemporary information and communication technologies in modern enterprises, regardless of their size or type. The main reason is the insufficient end user's knowledge and misunderstanding of possibilities that are readily available. This paper is a concise presentation of several examples that could be found very useful and applicable. Constant growth and altering of both enterprises' business environment and higher ICT standards make the end-users' role the weakest link of the technological progress.

The implementation of new IC Technologies in everyday business application in general is far from optimal. The main reason is the lack of end user knowledge and understanding of possibilities that are already at hand. The paper is an overview of some examples that are very useful, easy to apply and still underused. With permanent growth and changing of both the business environment and new ICT the weakest link seems to be the human factor.

ICT (Information and Communication Technologies is a term that implies use of electronic equipment, especially computers for storing, analyzing and distributing information of all kinds, including words, numbers and pictures. Correlation is a relationship between two sets of data that is not always cause-and-effect relationship. Moreover it is necessary to clearly distinguish functional dependence and correlation. Correlation can be easily explained on the real life example. The consumption of electricity in one household and matching electricity bill are the variables connected with functional dependence. The more kilowatts of electricity are spent, the bigger electricity bill is. It is also useable for the opposite case: The less kilowatts of electricity are spent, the smaller electricity bill is.

In the adjustment process of Croatian economy to the European Union and its standards, the role of entrepreneurship is significant, because it is the entrepreneurship that has set in motion the Croatian own recourses from human to financial. The paper deals with the trends of the Croatian entrepreneurship and its comparative position regarding other European and world countries in the last four years. Special attention will be given to the implementation of new information and communication technologies in Croatia. The results of this research presented in this paper may be used in further design of politics, programs and studies in order to make further improvements of entrepreneurship.

The paper presents solving a shortest path problem using modeling language LINGO 8.0. In solving of the shortest path problem, dynamic programming and branch and bound approach algorithms are used. Recursive relations play an important role within the dynamic programming and according to the recursive relations is solved the problem of a shortest path. It has been shown that the dynamic programming and branch and bound approach differ in the organization of the counting process. In dynamic programming, the process is strictly parallel, while in branch and bound algorithm parallel and sequential organization of counting is implemented. Dynamic programming can be understood as the extreme form of organization in the branch and bound approach. The examples presented in the paper illustrate usage of program languages in designing of flexible optimization models. The hypothesis of paper is that modeling languages support user oriented programs for quantitative analysis where the one base model enables flexible support for different optimimization methods.

Knjiga može poslužiti svakome tko želi početi koristiti računalo u svom poslu, jer daje upute kako koristiti operativni sustav Windows, prirednik teksta Word, proračunsku tablicu Excel, bazu podataka Access s osnovama projektiranja baze podataka i prezentacijski program PowerPoint. Osim toga knjiga čitatelja upoznaje s osnovama hardvera, softvera i ljudskog faktora kao osnovnim čimbenicima informacijskog sustava i s osnovama elektroničkog poslovanja uključujući Internet. Knjiga je podijeljena u dvanaest poglavlja, od kojih svako završava zadacima za ponavljanje i vježbu i popisom literature za daljnje istraživanje.

Formal mathematical models are understandable to mathematicians but complicated for non-mathematicians. The interpretation of results is important for economists but without meaning for mathematicians. Solving a mathematical model manually is not very agreeable and sometime, when working with many variables mostly tedious. Financial functions perform common business calculations, such as determining the payment for a loan, the future value or net present value of an investment, and the values of bonds or coupons. Modern spreadsheets include more than 300 functions. Even those who use spreadsheets for daily work don’ t know how to use them all. Functions are predefined formulas that perform calculations by using specific values, called arguments, in a particular order, or structure. Methodical approach may be in two ways: defining financial functions as spreadsheets' functions or putting them in contents of economics analysis. The aim of this paper is to research how to introduce some of financial functions to students of economy and to encourage them to explore other ones by applying spreadsheets.

Continuous development and increase in quality of computer tools and programs for optimization and algorithm technology creates ground for creation of faster and more complex software problems that appear in solving of linear programming problems. New software generation lessens the complexity and shortens the time of applications creation as for example, generation of software components that surpass the gap between linear programming and limitation programming with the help of automatic code generating. Solver application is a part of software generation mentioned above, and is developing by creating of newer, advanced version in accordance to the newest development in the field of computer supported mathematical programming. Formal mathematical models are understandable to mathematicians but complicated for nonmathematicians. Solving a linear programming model manually is not very agreeable and sometime, when working with hundred of variables almost impossible. Using linear programming software is a better solution but still could be convoluted. Concerning all, the questions that remain are: is there a possibility to solve the linear programming problems without big additional expenses and without to much hassle? This paper shows there is an easier way in solving linear programming problems. The method is cheap, because it does not require additional investments for all those companies that already have computer and installed Excel program, which is the standard equipment in offices today. An example given in this paper show that is relatively easy to teach students or staff to use Solver application, especially if they know how to use Excel already. Usage of Solver application in mathematical programming and limitation programming technology requires ability to create a linear programming problem-solving model. It is necessary to integrate high-specialized knowledge about computer supported optimization methods such as matrix generating, data preparing for solver, mathematical programming. The aim of this paper is to approach to managers and other users a tool, which is very useful, but insufficiently used in solving linear programming problems by applying spreadsheets. That approach can make manager feel like he's the master of situation, because the process is constantly under control. It is important to emphasize that such a process can be developed on the software, which every average company has, and it is relatively familiar to user.

This paper addresses the problem of determining maximum profitability of a company during one year. Optimization of the profitability function is solved by linear fractional programming using Solver. The profitability is one of the indices of a company's success, and this particular example presents optimal production program, which will yield maximum profitability with given constraints.

The TEMPUS project offers the opportunity for curriculum improving within the field of new technologies implementation. This paper explains some curriculum analyses and improvements. Future economists can present various products, services and ideas more effectively with the aid of hypermedia. In this paper we analyzed our experience with introducing problem maps and presentation software to business students and the student's attitude about the curricula contents.

Web Sites Evaluation

Studenti ekonomije lakše predstavljaju različite proizvode i usluge i izražavaju vlastite ideje ako imaju hipermediju na raspolaganju.

Future economists can present various products, services and ideas more effectively with the aid of hypermedia. In this paper we analyzed our experience in introducing hypermedia applications for business students. GIS is a complex software tool that can be applied to many types of problem and therefore interest in GIS is expanding rapidly. There are different areas of business where GIS applications are already in use, like business administration, decision support systems, marketing, operations research and real estate management. That is the reason to make efforts to introduce GIS in the education of students of economics.

GIS is a complex software tool that can be applied to many types of problem and therefore interest in GIS is expanding rapidly. There are different areas in business where GIS applications are already in use like decision support systems, marketing, economic and marketing research, operations research or real estate management. That is the reason to make efforts to introduce GIS in education of students of economics. The article deals with some aspects of the problem of GIS beeing introduced in education. The problem is not only financial, because the new GIS applications run on PC-s, and there are some products that are either low cost or even available as freeware on Internet. Some potential student projects are proposed.

The purpose of this work was to find out by what means and how to present to the students of our Faculty as teacher training faculty the task of the development of educational software. To fulfill our objective it was neccesary to take into consideratio the availability of hardware for the work with students, software for the development of educational software and the available literature. Taking into consideration the above restrictions we choose an appreach which we intended to develop dynamically. Within the scope the course of lectures of Methodics of teaching Infromatics, apart from theoretical knowledge and the work with school pupils, our students were first faced with the practical solving of problems - the design of CAL materials. Based on the rules for courseware design, instructional design and presentational strategy, a variety of courseware has been developed. The results showed that our students accepted this kind of practical work very well. The authors wanted to show which tasks were selected by students, the problems they encountered and the conclusions attained in their work.

Kompjutorska početnica : priručnik za nastavnike u osnovnim i srednjim školama predstavlja izvrstan uvod u svijet programiranja. Bez obzira na godine, korištenjem jasnih i praktičnih primjera iz ove knjige moguće je shvatiti osnovne koncepte i zakonitosti programiranja.

Children can be confronted with some basic elements of informatics already beginning with the first class oft he primary school, but we desired to do it without the use of computer equipment. It was also the scope of our research to find out if such approach results in advantage later, when they start to use the computer. In order to investigate all this we organised the informatic lessons at a primary school from the frst to the fourth form. The result of this research shows that the pupil with previously acquired knowledge could easier and faster use the computer and had significantly better test results in programming.

Electrical Engineering undergraduate study at Zagreb University of Applied Sciences for professional courses is performed in blended learning environment combining the advantages of both face-to-face teaching and computer-assisted learning. Usually, teaching process of a professional course consists of lectures, exercises and laboratory exercises. The data sets related to attendance and overall exam success were analyzed to validate the impact of blending learning components on the learning success with the focus on distance learning one. Distance learning proves to be a useful method as a complement to face-to-face teaching. In addition, it can serve as the main learning method for the late exams preparation, but with lower achievement $success$.

Današnji način obrazovanja novih generacija od učitelja sve više zahtijeva da budu inovativni i kreativni te da prate nove trendove i tehnologije. Sama nastava predmeta informatike i tehničke kulture je isprepletena i međusobno povezana. Ovim radom želimo prikazati tri konkretna primjera poučavanja sadržaja kroz različite robotske modele u nastavi. Ti modeli prate aktualne kurikulume, međupredmetne teme te procese učenja koji stavljaju učenika u fokus. Primjerima korištenja Arduino platforme, Fischertehnik setova te Boson setova prikazat ćemo kako je djeci na zabavan način moguće prikazati situacije i primjere iz stvarnog života.

Mental fatigue refers to the effects that people experience during and following prolonged periods of cognitive activity that requires work efficiency. Undergraduate students are faced with increased cognitive demands during the examination period that can lead to a higher level of perceived mental fatigue. The P300 component of the event- related potentials is considered an indicator of cognitive information processing, attention allocation and immediate memory. Variation in the P300 component has been linked to a fluctuation in natural and environmentally induced states. In order to evaluate the effects of sleepiness and the mental fatigue we used visual discrimination task to evoke the P300 potential. Reaction time (RT) to deviant stimuli and number of errors were also recorded. Several features of P300 evoked related potential, such as maximum and minimum amplitude, and latency were extracted to evaluate subject’s performance in two sessions: during rested period and tired period. Subjects were placed into two sessions based on the battery of tests aimed to assess their arousal state. Rested state was recorded when subjects did not have any increased mental assignments. Tired state was recorded during their increased mental work overload during exam period. Results show a significantly smaller mean amplitude (p < 0.05) and slower RTs in a tired state.