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PurposeYoung adult Latino testicular cancer survivors experience adverse impacts after treatment. We developed Goal-focused Emotion regulation Therapy (GET) to improve distress symptoms, goal navigation skills, and emotion regulation. This open pilot trial extended GET to Latino young adult survivors of testicular cancer and assessed feasibility and tolerability as well as changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes included goal navigation, emotion regulation, and components of hope-related goal processes (i.e., agency and pathway mapping). To assess the extent to which GET is culturally congruent or in need of adaptation, the influence of simpatía and acculturative stress were also examined.MethodsThirty-five eligible young adult (age 18-39) survivors treated with chemotherapy were enrolled and assessed at baseline. Study acceptability, tolerability, and therapeutic alliance were examined. Preliminary efficacy was evaluated for changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as psychological processes (goal navigation, agency, goal pathway skill, and emotion regulation) from baseline to immediate post- and 3-month post-intervention.ResultsAmong the 35 men assessed at baseline, 54% initiated intervention sessions. Among these, 94.7% completed all study procedures. Helpfulness ratings of intervention components and therapeutic alliance scores were strong. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant reductions in anxiety and depressive symptoms from pre- to post-intervention with sustained change at the 3-month follow-up. Favorable patterns of change were also observed in GET-related psychological processes. Simpatía was associated with less depressive symptoms at post-intervention, but not change in anxiety. Acculturative stress was associated with increased anxiety and depressive symptoms over time.ConclusionGET is a feasible and acceptable intervention for reducing adverse outcomes after testicular cancer for young adult Latino men. Results should be considered preliminary but suggest meaningful changes in emotional and psychological outcomes.

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The fiber optic sensing technology provides data support in structural health monitoring of the macro facilities, including design, construction, and maintenance of bridges, tunnels, ports and other infrastructures. In this paper, a distributed vibration sensing system is proved to be responsive to a single touch over a 1.8-m-long equivalent fiber segment, covering a vibration frequency from 5 Hz to 25 kHz. The sensing fiber was arranged as an S type layout on the bridge to recognize the standing state, windblown disturbance, and walking vibration. Moreover, the knocking and climbing events are recognized fiber laying spinning lines and hanging on the fences, respectively. The demonstration shows an accurate positioning and sensitive vibration monitoring applied on the automated three-dimensional (3D) printed bridge, which is applicable to all kinds of 3D printed facilities as intelligent sensory neuro-networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrated a new type of MAX phase material, chromium titanium aluminum carbide (Cr2TiAlC2) polymer film, to generate a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL). The film thickness was measured to be around 45 µm, which was fabricated using the embedding method with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer as hoster. The saturable absorber (SA) film demonstrates a dual-wavelength passively Q-switched EDFL which operates at 1 531 nm and 1 560.19 nm, respectively. The Q-switching pulse duration could be varied from 2.46 µs to 770 ns, while the repetition rate varied from 92.76 kHz to 106.6 kHz with an increasing input pumping range from 154 mW to 300 mW. The maximum output power and pulse energy of 15.05 mW and 141.18 nJ were obtained at the maximum input power of 300 mW, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of endoscopy has significantly propelled the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, with colonoscopy establishing itself as the primary method for early diagnosis and preventive care in colorectal cancer (CRC). Although deep learning holds promise in mitigating missed polyp rates, modern endoscopy examinations pose additional challenges, such as image blurring and atomizing. This study explores lightweight yet powerful attention mechanisms, introducing the spatial-channel transformer (SCT), an innovative approach that leverages spatial channel relationships for attention weight calculation. The method utilizes rotation operations for inter-dimensional dependencies, followed by residual transformation, encoding inter-channel and spatial information with minimal computational overhead. Extensive experiments on the CVC-ClinicDB polyp detection dataset, addressing endoscopy pitfalls, underscore the superiority of our SCT over other state-of-the-art methods. The proposed model maintains high performance, even in challenging scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although guided image filtering (GIF) is known for preserving edges and fast computation, it may produce inaccurate outputs in depth map restoration. In this paper, a novel confidence-weighted GIF called mutual-structure weighted GIF (MSWGIF) is proposed, which replaces the mean filtering strategy in GIF during handling overlapping windows. The confidence value is composed of a depth term and a mutual-structure term, where the depth term is utilized to protect the edges of the output, and the mutual-structure term helps to select accurate windows during the structure characteristics of the guidance image are transferred to the output. Experimental results show that MSWGIF reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) by an average of 12.37%, and the average growth rate of correlation (CORR) is 0.07% on average. Additionally, the average growth rate of structure similarity index measure (SSIM) is 0.34%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we present a unified sparsity-driven framework that significantly enhances motion deblurring performance by integrating two key components: a custom-designed dataset and a low-rank module (LRM). This framework leverages the inherent sparsity of per-pixel blur kernels to bolster both deblurring accuracy and model interpretability. Firstly, we propose an adaptive-basis decomposition-based deblurring (ADD) approach, which constructs a tailored training dataset to enhance the generalization capacity of the deblurring network. The ADD framework adaptively decomposes motion blur into sparse basis elements, effectively addressing the intricacies associated with non-uniform blurs. Secondly, an LRM is proposed to improve the interpretability of deblurring models as a plug-and-play module, primarily designed to identify and harness the intrinsic sparse features in sharp images. A series of ablation studies have been conducted to substantiate the synergistic advantages of combining the proposed ADD with the LRM for overall improvement in deblurring efficacy. Subsequently, we empirically demonstrate through rigorous experimentation that incorporating the LRM into an existing Uformer network leads to substantial enhancement in reconstruction performance. This integration yields a sparsity-guided low-rank network (SGLRN). Operating under the overarching principle of sparsity, SGLRN consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across multiple standard deblurring benchmarks. Comprehensive experimental results, assessed through quantitative metrics and qualitative visual evaluations, provide compelling evidence of its effectiveness. The overall deblurring results are available at Google Drive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A process for purifying aqueous solutions containing heavy and toxic metals such as chromium (Cr) has been investigated. One of the extremely harmful pollutants in rivers and seawater is the heavy metal ions due to their direct impacts on human, animals and plants are hexavalent Cr (VI). Consequently, highly sensitive sensor to detect Cr is essential. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique has attracted huge research interest in detecting heavy metals specifically. In this study, three types of prism-based SPR sensor, gold (Au)/silver (Ag), Au/polyaniline (PANI) and Au/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructured films, are investigated as potential sensing material to detect the presence of Cr (VI) ions in water. The base Au layer with thickness of 48.3 nm is deposited on a glass slide for all sensors. For Au/Ag, Au/PANI nanofibers and Au/TiO2 sensor films, the Cr (VI) concentration is varied from 1 ppm to 15 ppm with sensitivity of 0.270 °ppm−1, 0.082 °ppm−1 and 0.039 °ppm−1, respectively. Based on these results, the Au/PANI nanofibers are the most sensitive to Cr (VI) among the tested sensing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Broadband and perfect terahertz absorber based on multilayer metamaterial using cross-ring patterned structures is proposed and investigated. The structure of the absorber is double absorption layers consisting of a chromium cross ring and eight isosceles right triangles. The unique structure of the double absorbing layers excites the electric dipole multimode resonance, giving rise to high absorption performance. Meanwhile, the influence of construal parameters on absorber behavior is also discussed. The numerical results show that the absorption achieves over 90% ranging from 2.45 THz to 6.25 THz and 99% absorption in the range of 3.7–5.3 THz. The realization of broadband and perfect absorber is described using the impedance matching principle. It is obviously found that the absorber is insensitive to the high angle of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. Compared with the former reports, this absorber has remarkable improved absorption efficiency and smaller period. The terahertz absorber may be found applications in the fields of energy capture and thermal detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a metamaterial structure of Dirac and vanadium dioxide (VO2) and investigate its optical properties using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique. Using the phase transition feature of VO2, the design can realize active tuning of the plasmon induced transparency (PIT) effect at terahertz frequency, thereby converting from a single PIT to a double-PIT. When VO2 is in the insulating state, the structure is symmetric to obtain a single-band PIT effect. When VO2 is in the metallic state, the structure turns asymmetric to realize a dual-band PIT effect. This design provides a reference direction for the design of actively tunable metamaterials. Additionally, it is discovered that the transparent window's resonant frequency and the Fermi level in this structure have a somewhat linear relationship. In addition, the structure achieves superior refractive index sensitivity in the terahertz band, surpassing 1 THz/RIU. Consequently, the design exhibits encouraging potential for application in refractive index sensors and optical switches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem that the current traffic safety helmet detection model can't balance the accuracy of detection with the size of the model and the poor generalization of the model, a method based on improving you only look once version 5 (YOLOv5) is proposed. By incorporating the lightweight GhostNet module into the YOLOv5 backbone network, we effectively reduce the model size. The addition of the receptive fields block (RFB) module enhances feature extraction and improves the feature acquisition capability of the lightweight model. Subsequently, the high-performance lightweight convolution, GSConv, is integrated into the neck structure for further model size compression. Moreover, the baseline model's loss function is substituted with efficient insertion over union (EloU), accelerating network convergence and enhancing detection precision. Experimental results corroborate the effectiveness of this improved algorithm in real-world traffic scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Asthma presents a global health challenge. The main pharmacotherapy is synthetic chemicals and biological-based drugs that are costly, and have significant side effects. In contrast, use of natural products, such as onion (Allium cepa L., Amaryllidaceae) in the treatment of airway diseases has increased world-wide because of their perceived efficacy and little safety concerns. However, their pharmacological actions remain largely uncharacterized. Objective: We investigated whether onion bulb extract (OBE) can (1) reverse established asthma phenotype (therapeutic treatment) and/or (2) prevent the development of the asthma phenotype, if given before the immunization process (preventative treatment). Materials and methods: Six groups of male Balb/c mice were established for the therapeutic (21 days) and five groups for the preventative (19 days) treatment protocols; including PBS and house dust mite (HDM)-challenged mice treated with vehicle or OBE (30, 60, and 100 mg/kg/i.p.). Airways inflammation was determined using cytology, histology, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and serum IgE. Results: Therapeutic (60 mg/kg/i.p.) and preventative (100 mg/kg/i.p.) OBE treatment resulted in down-regulation of HDM-induced airway cellular influx, histopathological changes and the increase in expression of pro-inflammatory signaling pathway EGFR, ERK1/2, AKT, pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum IgE. Discussion and Conclusion: Our data show that OBE is an effective anti-inflammatory agent with both therapeutic and preventative anti-asthma effects. These findings imply that onion/OBE may be used as an adjunct therapeutic agent in established asthma and/or to prevent development of allergic asthma. However, further studies to identify the active constituents, and demonstrate proof-of-concept in humans are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a water-soluble fluorescent probe based on copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) was synthesized using a hydrothermal method with bovine serum albumin (BSA) (BSA@CuNPs) as a protectant, and it was utilized to efficiently detect the concentration of tetracycline (TC). Upon the addition of TC to the BSA@CuNPs probe, its fluorescence intensity is obviously diminished due to the keto-enol functions C=O group in TC connects with the hydroxyl group on the BSA@CuNPs probe to form a non-fluorescent complex, which can be successfully utilized for detecting TC concentration. Linear range and detection limit for TC detection are 0.1–130 µM and 90 nM. Furthermore, the BSA@CuNPs probe was applied to detect TC concentrations in real meat samples, with recoveries ranging from 95.40% to 102.13%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was below 2.73%. Therefore, BSA@CuNPs probe exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity for TC, which will be used for the study of TC analysis in meat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) quantum defects in diamond are sensitive detectors of magnetic fields. The rapid development of NV-center magnetic sensor has higher requirements for high-speed and high-precision data acquisition, weak signal detection and display. However, the existing sensing technologies based on diamond NV centers rely on bulky and expensive instruments, which must be replaced by a more compact design. Here we combine NV quantum sensing technology with integrated circuit technology to create a compact and easy-to-operate platform, which includes microwave source module, transistor-transistor logic (TTL) modulation module, digital lock-in amplifier (DLIA) module, etc. In order to confirm the reliability of the experimental platform, we not only tested the performance of each individual module, but also carried out optical detection magnetic resonance (ODMR) experiments. With this platform, we can obtain a magnetic sensitivity of 465 nT/Hz1/2. This experimental platform with convenient operation and low noise has the potential to become an independent magnetic measuring instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research prepared two deep ultraviolet (DUV) AlGaN-based multiple quantum well (MQW) samples with the same Al content in the QWs but different well widths (3 nm for Sample A and 2 nm for Sample B). Photoluminescence (PL) measurements reveal that Sample A exhibits only one main PL peak across all measured temperatures, while Sample B displays one main PL peak at low temperatures and two distinct PL peaks at high temperatures. Furthermore, compared with Sample A, Sample B exhibits a more significant temperature-dependent PL peak wavelength blue shift relative to the Varshni curve, a more significant excitation power density-dependent PL peak blue shift accompanied by linewidth broadening, as well as a larger non-radiative recombination related activation energy and higher internal quantum efficiency (IQE). These findings can be explained by the observation that the narrower well width of Sample B induces a more pronounced effect of carrier localization than the wider well width of Sample A, due to the enhanced fluctuation in well width and reduced quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We experimentally demonstrate the effects of pump power and polarization state on the evolution of bright-dark pulses (BDPs) in a figure-eight passively mode-locked thulium/holmium co-doped fiber laser (THDFL) using nonlinear amplifying loop mirror (NALM) technology. As the pump power increases from 0.5 W to 1 W, the BDPs are separated and exhibit a linear increase in the time interval between the bright pulse (BP) and dark pulse (DP), which roughly corresponds to the reciprocal of the modulation frequency in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum. Additionally, the polarization state in the cavity is altered by adjusting the polarization controller (PC), and the central wavelength of spectrum, pulse waveform, and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of BDPs in different states are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The majority of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods for solving adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) problems are dedicated to maximizing the throughput while ignoring fairness, resulting in a bad situation where some vehicles keep waiting. For this reason, this paper models the ATSC problem as a partially observable Markov game (POMG), in which a value function that combines throughput and fairness is elaborated. On this basis, we propose a new cooperative MARL method of fairness-aware multi-agent proximity policy optimization (FA-MAPPO). In addition, the FA-MAPPO uses graph attention neural networks to efficiently extract state representations from traffic data acquired through visual perception in multi-intersection scenarios. Experimental results in Jinan and synthetic scenarios confirm that the FA-MAPPO improves fairness while guaranteeing passage efficiency compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an active electro-optic (EO) modulation electromagnetic pulse (EMP) sensor powered by laser. The sensor simulation model is established, and the temporal response characteristics of the sensor are analyzed based on finite element method (FEM). The laser powered supply circuit and receiving modulation circuit are designed and implemented. A monopole antenna is designed and used to revive the EMP. By integrating the supply circuit, the receiving modulation circuit and the antenna together, the sensor is finally fabricated and encapsulated. Experimental results indicate that with the designed laser powered supply circuit, the sensor can operate continuously and stably. The measured standard 1.2/50 µs lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) in the time domain agrees well with the input LEMP voltage waveform. The linear maximum and minimum measurable electric fields of the sensor are 20.8 kV/m and 221 V/m, respectively. All the results demonstrate that the sensor can provide an effective technical means for the measurement of EMP in the time domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An electromagnetic-driving variable liquid aperture is designed and fabricated. It consists of a driving cavity, an optical cavity and a storage chamber, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastic film, an annular magnet and a driving coil. The driving cavity is filled with dyeing liquid, while the colorless transparent liquid fills the optical cavity and the storage chamber. When applying current, the annular magnet moves downward driven by the magnetic field, leading to deformation of the PDMS film. Being squeezed by the moving magnet with the deforming film, the dyeing liquid flows from the driving cavity into the optical cavity, which contributes to the decrease of the clear aperture diameter in the optical cavity. Our proposed aperture performs continuous variable ability up to 2.775 mm in diameter of clear aperture, when the current increases from 0 to 0.33 A, and its relative transmittance ranges from 98.539% to 22.776%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For FSO communication atmospheric turbulence has a large impact on signal modulation, the convolution-profile stellar data image conversion algorithm proposed in this paper performs data conversion on the received constellation maps, so that they retain more original signal feature images. A classification network based on the channel attention mechanism is proposed to classify the modulated signals by extracting the feature information in the image through the residual structure, and the attention mechanism assigns different weights of the channel features. Under the same data conversion algorithm, the proposed classification network achieves the highest recognition accuracy of 96.286%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The task of unsupervised person re-identification (Re-ID) is to transfer the knowledge learned in the source domain with no labels to the target domain with no labels. Due to the significant differences in the background of different datasets, the trained model is challenging to extract person features accurately on unsupervised domain adaptive (UDA). Most UDA methods for person Re-ID use single-image representation (SIR) during the feature extraction. These methods might ignore the difference among the cross-view images with the same identity. For this problem, the joint learning image representation strategy for unsupervised domain adaptation (JLIRS-UDA) is proposed, which takes cross-image representation (CIR) into account for UDA. The network architecture of JLIRS-UDA consists of two networks with branching networks. Each network consists of a shared network and two branching networks, the SIR branch and CIR branch. The two branching networks aim to learn the SIR and CIR, respectively. To ensure the accuracy of the pseudo-label generation, the segmenting dynamic clustering (SDC) method is proposed, which divides the training process into two phases. Precisely, in the first phases, SDC adopts the single image features in the clustering phase to ensure that accurate feature details can be learned. In the second phase, SDC fuses SIR and CIR as the final feature for clustering to interactively promote the SIR branch and CIR branch. JLIRS-UDA learns the SIR and CIR jointly in the UDA task training phase. Compared with the state-of-the-arts methods, the strategy proposed in this paper has achieved a significant improvement of 7.1% mean average precision (mAP) on the tasks of Market-1501 (Market) to DukeMTMC- Re-ID (Duke). The slightest improvement in accuracy also achieved +0.8% on Market to MSMT17 (MSMT). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of their elasticity, light weight, little cost, and wide-area applications, besides a notable increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE), organic solar cells (OSCs) have recently caught the concern of numerous researchers. In the current project, we created a variety of organic small compounds as donor materials by using Gaussian 09. Our design approach entails swapping the core part, which is benzothiadiazole (BT), based on a derivative of oxadiazole, as the terminals on both sides of the prototype compound (RM) with a variety of fragments to improve the electronic and optic characterization and performance for PCE in OSCs. Careful theoretical consideration under density-functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set was made to find the maximum absorption wavelength λmax, the efficiency of light harvesting (LHE), excitation energy (EX), highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest occupied molecular orbital (LOMO) levels, energy band gap (Eg), dipole moment (ρ), the density of state (DOS), ionization potential (IP), electron affinity (EA), fill factor (FF), and open circuit voltage (Voc) of molecules RM and TS studied in a methodical manner. Calculated values revealed that proposed compounds T1–T4 can be encouraging materials for manufacturing OSCs as a donor tiny compound with acceptor PC61BM to predict a rise in PCE owing to their possession of proper values for some optical and electronic features, like the lowest HOMO level, narrower band gaps, and a greater absorption wavelength compared with the reference model RM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)