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The Hippo pathway plays an imperative role in cellular processes such as differentiation, regeneration, cell migration, organ growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Transcription coregulator component of Hippo pathway, YAP1, promotes transcription of genes involved in cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and suppressing apoptosis. However, its role in epimorphic regeneration has not been fully explored. The axolotl is a well-established model organism for developmental biology and regeneration studies. By exploiting its remarkable regenerative capacity, we investigated the role of Yap1 in the early blastema stage of limb regeneration. Depleting Yap1 using gene-specific morpholinos attenuated the competence of axolotl limb regeneration evident in bone formation defects. To explore the affected downstream pathways from Yap1 down-regulation, the gene expression profile was examined by employing LC-MS/MS technology. Based on the generated data, we provided a new layer of evidence on the putative roles of increased protease inhibition and immune system activities and altered ECM composition in diminished bone formation capacity during axolotl limb regeneration upon Yap1 deficiency. We believe that new insights into the roles of the Hippo pathway in complex structure regeneration were granted in this study. Science Academy

NAD+ and glutathione precursors are currently used as metabolic modulators for improving the metabolic conditions associated with various human diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, neurodegenerative diseases, mitochondrial myopathy, and age-induced diabetes. Here, we performed a one-day double blinded, placebo-controlled human clinical study to assess the safety and acute effects of six different Combined Metabolic Activators (CMAs) with 1 g of different NAD+ precursors based on global metabolomics analysis. Our integrative analysis showed that the NAD+ salvage pathway is the main source for boosting the NAD+ levels with the administration of CMAs without NAD+ precursors. We observed that incorporation of nicotinamide (Nam) in the CMAs can boost the NAD+ products, followed by niacin (NA), nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), but not flush free niacin (FFN). In addition, the NA administration led to a flushing reaction, accompanied by decreased phospholipids and increased bilirubin and bilirubin derivatives, which could be potentially risky. In conclusion, this study provided a plasma metabolomic landscape of different CMA formulations, and proposed that CMAs with Nam, NMN as well as NR can be administered for boosting NAD+ levels to improve altered metabolic conditions. PoLiMeR Innovative Training Network ; ScandiBio Therapeutics ; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions ; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse ; Horizon 2020

Multispectral live-cell imaging is an informative approach that permits detecting biological processes simultaneously in the spatial and temporal domain by exploiting spectrally distinct biosensors. However, the combination of fluorescent biosensors with distinct spectral properties such as different sensitivities, and dynamic ranges can undermine accurate co-imaging of the same analyte in different subcellular locales. We advanced a single-color multiparametric imaging method, which allows simultaneous detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in multiple cell locales (nucleus, cytosol, mitochondria) using the H2O2 biosensor HyPer7. Co-culturing of endothelial cells stably expressing differentially targeted HyPer7 biosensors paved the way for co-imaging compartmentalized H2O2 signals simultaneously in neighboring cells in a single experimental setup. We termed this approach COMPARE IT, which is an acronym for co-culture-based multiparametric imaging technique. Employing this approach, we detected lower H2O2 levels in mitochondria of endothelial cells compared to the cell nucleus and cytosol under basal conditions. Upon administering exogenous H2O2, the cytosolic and nuclear-targeted probes displayed similarly slow and moderate HyPer7 responses, whereas the mitochondria-targeted HyPer7 signal plateaued faster and reached higher amplitudes. Our results indicate striking differences in mitochondrial H2O2 accumulation of endothelial cells. Here, we present the method's potential as a practicable and informative multiparametric live-cell imaging technique. BAGEP award of the Science Academy Turkey ; Integration Projects of Sabanci University ; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) ; Medical University of Graz

Land use are changing due to negative factors occurring in the ecosystem such as continuously developing cities, population growth, and climatic conditions. Data produced by remote sensing satellites play an essential role in ground-based research. Land cover maps are prepared using this data. Land cover maps help us better understand environmental processes such as water and biogeochemical cycles, energy changes, or biodiversity changes. This study was carried out to test the producibility of land use maps on the Google Earth Engine cloud platform. All images acquired between 01/01/2019 and 01/01/2020 from Landsat 8, Sentinel 1, and Sentinel 2 were used in this study. Then 5 different indices NDVI, NDWI, NDBI, Ui, and EVI were calculated, and 19 different combinations of data were considered. Then, for each of these combinations, classification was performed by the LibSVM method in 5 classes: Urban Roads, Water, Forest-Grove, Non-agricultural Lands, and Agricultural Lands. Overall Accuracy and Kappa Coefficient were calculated for each classification, and results were compared. The best classification with Overall Accuracy 96.62 and Kappa Coefficient 95.76 belongs to the data combination of Landsat 8, Sentinel-1(VV), Sentinel-2, NDVI, NDBI, UI and NDWI from Sentinel-2 and NDVI from Landsat 8., Sürekli gelişen şehirler, nüfus artışı ve iklimsel koşullar gibi ekosistem de meydana gelen olumsuz etkenler ile arazi kullanımı değişime uğramaktadır. Uzaktan algılama uyduları tarafından üretilen veriler, yeryüzü araştırmalarda önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Arazi örtüsü/kullanımı haritaları bu veriler kullanılarak hazırlanmaktadır. Arazi örtüsü haritaları, su ve biyokimyasal döngüler, enerji değişimleri veya biyolojik çeşitlilik değişiklikleri gibi çevresel süreçleri daha iyi anlamamıza yardımcı olur. Bu çalışma, Google Earth Engine bulut platformunda arazi kullanım haritalarının üretilebilirliğini test etmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla 01/01/2019 ve 01/01/2020 tarihleri arasında Landsat 8, Sentinel 1 ve Sentinel 2 uyduları tarafından çekilen tüm görüntüler kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra 5 farklı endeks; NDVI (Normalleştirilmiş fark bitki örtüsü endeksi), EVI(Gelişmiş Bitki Örtüsü Endeksi), NDWI (Normalleştirilmiş fark su endeksi), NDBI (Normalleştirilmiş fark oluşturma indeksi) ve UI (Kentsel indeks) hesaplanmış ve 19 farklı veri kombinasyonu dikkate alınmıştır. Daha sonra bu kombinasyonların her biri Destek Vektör Makineleri yöntemi(LibSVM) kullanılarak 5 sınıfa (Şehir alanı-yollar, su, ormanlık-koruluk, tarım dışı araziler ve tarım arazileri) ayrılmıştır. Her sınıflandırma için genel doğruluk ve Kappa Katsayısı hesaplanmış ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. En iyi sınıflandırma, Landsat8, Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1 (VV), Landsat 8'den NDVI, Sentinel-2'den NDVI, NDBI, UI ve NDWI veri kombinasyonuna aittir. Bu kombinasyonda toplam doğruluk 96.62 ve kappa katsayısı 95.76 olmuştur.