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The aim of this study was to determine the social support levels, mental health status and related factors of women in the postpartum period during the pandemic process. The data of the descriptive study were collected between 12 May and 27 June 2022. The study was conducted with 264 postpartum mothers who gave birth in a university hospital. Data were collected using Personal Information Form, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (SDS). The total mean score of the mothers' GHQ-28 questionnaire was 5.70±5.44, and it was determined that 47.3% of them perceived their mental health as risky. There is a statistically significant difference in the GHQ-28 score distributions according to the mothers' age, education level, smoking, family and friend relations, desired pregnancy status, and previous psychological problems. In addition, when the factors related to SBL were examined, it was determined that the level of education, financial situation, friend relationship, and previous psychological problems were statistically significant. There is a positive and significant relationship between mothers' mental health status and social support levels. As a result, almost half of the mothers are at risk for their mental health. Some introductory characteristics of mothers affect their general health status and social support levels. According to these findings, it is recommended that more social support be given to mothers with risky mental health conditions by their families and health personnel.

In this study, it was aimed to optimize the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with a Box-Behnken design. The white propolis extract was utilized as the reduction and stabilizing agent. The synthesized silver nanoparticles using white propolis extract solution were optimized by Box-Behnken design considering the effect of certain independent variables such as microwave power, time, and concentration of AgNO3 (silver nitrate). A quadratic polynomial model was used in mathematical modeling and response surface analysis was performed to determine the independent variable-response relationship. The optimum synthesis conditions were determined as 10 mM of AgNO3 concentration, 0.3 of VExt/VAg, 150 watts of microwave power, and 35 seconds. The optimized silver nanoparticles were characterized using FTIR (Fourier Infrared) spectroscopy, UV-VIS (Ultraviolent visible) spectrophotometry, and DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering). In addition, the antibacterial activity of the optimized silver nanoparticles was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumoniae), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) strains. It was observed that synthesized silver nanoparticles had higher antibacterial activity compared to propolis extract.

Çalışmada gebelerin Covid-19 korkusu ve Covid-19 riskine ilişkin kullandıkları koruyucu, geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamalarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, 10 Temmuz-10 Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin Perinatoloji Polikliniği’nde 594 gebe ile kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Veriler anket formu ve Koronavirüs Korkusu Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve pearson korelasyon testi kullanılmış ve p

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to examine the nursing theses that used complementary therapies and supportive care practices during drug administration and blood collection.Methods: The data were collected with the document analysis technique, one of the qualitative research methods. All nursing departments on the website of the National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education of Turkey were checked and the summary of 6855 theses published between 2010-2020 were examined. 85 theses in accordance with the research criteria were classified according to the prepared schedule. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical tests.Results: The nursing theses examined were mostly made in the last four years, at most in 2017, and 76.5% of the theses were at the master's level. While 65.9% of the theses were on children, it was determined that they were mostly carried out in the field of Pediatric Nursing (51.8%). The applications were mostly done during blood collection (36.5%) and the most pain (90.6%) was evaluated. During the applications, cold application (23.5%) was used the most in adults and distraction (32.8%) in children.Conclusion: The number of nursing theses using complementary therapies and supportive care during drug administration and blood collection is increasing day by day. It is recommended that the application methods related to this subject be used more in doctoral theses, and the number of such studies and nursing theses should be increased in interventional applications in adults., Amaç: Bu çalışmada ilaç uygulamaları ve kan alma işlemi sırasında tamamlayıcı terapiler ve destekleyici bakım uygulamalarını kullanan hemşirelik tezlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Veriler nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Türkiye Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi web sitesinde yer alan tüm hemşirelik ana bilim dalları kontrol edilerek, 2010-2020 yılları arasında yayınlanmış 6855 tezin özeti incelenmiştir. Araştırma kriterlerine uygun 85 tez hazırlanan çizelgeye göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistik testleriyle analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: İncelenen hemşirelik tezleri çoğunlukla son dört yılda olmak üzere en fazla 2017 yılında yapılmış ve tezlerin %76.5’i yüksek lisans düzeyindedir. Tezlerin %65.9’u çocuklar üzerinde yapılırken, en çok Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği alanında (%51.8) yürütüldüğü belirlenmiştir. Uygulamalar çoğunlukla kan alma sırasında (%36.5) yapılmış ve en fazla ağrı (%90.6) değerlendirilmiştir. Uygulamalar sırasında yetişkinlerde en fazla soğuk uygulama (%23.5), çocuklarda ise dikkat dağıtma (%32.8) yöntemi kullanılmıştır.Sonuç: İlaç uygulamaları ve kan alma işlemi sırasında, tamamlayıcı terapiler ve destekleyici bakım uygulaması kullanan hemşirelik tez sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu konuya ilişkin uygulama yöntemlerinin doktora tezlerinde daha fazla kullanılması, yetişkinlerde girişimsel uygulamalarda bu tip araştırmaların ve hemşirelik tez sayısının artması önerilmektedir.

Bakteriyel enfeksiyonlarda ilaç direnci frekansındaki artış, yeni mekanizmaları hedefleyen yeni antibakteriyel ajanların araştırılmasına yol açmıştır. NAD+-bağımlı DNA ligazın fonksiyonlarının bir çoğu, onu antibakteriyel ilaç keşfi için dikkate değer bir hedef haline getirmiştir. Escherichia coli (E. coli) NAD+ bağımlı DNA ligazı, ATP bağımlı insan DNA ligazı ile karşılaştrıldığında, benzersiz substrat özgüllüğü nedeniyle potansiyel bir hedef olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada antibakteriyel ilaç keşiflerinde sıklıkla kullanılan E. coli NAD+ bağımlı DNA ligaz enziminin, yüksek miktarda ve saflıkta üretilmesi amaçlamıştır. E. coli DNA ligaz gen dizisi, pTOLT vektör sistemine klonlanmıştır. E. coli DNA ligaz enzimi, E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysE hücrelerinde üretildikten sonra saflaştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada üretilen DNA ligaz enziminin DNA fragmanlarının ligasyonunu sağlayabildiği, aktivite testi ile açıkça gösterilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu enzim üzerinde aday inhibitörlerin etkisinin basitçe incelenebileceği ortaya koyulmuştur., The increase in the frequency of drug resistance in bacterial infections has led to the research of new antibacterial agents targeting new mechanisms. Many of the functions of NAD+-dependent DNA ligase have made it a remarkable target for antibacterial drug discovery. Escherichia coli (E. coli) NAD+-dependent DNA ligase is presented as a potential target due to its unique substrate specificity compared to the ATP-dependent human DNA ligase. In this study, it was aimed to produce and purify the E. coli NAD + dependent DNA ligase enzyme, which is frequently used in antibacterial drug discovery. The E. coli DNA ligase gene sequence was cloned into pTOLT vector system. E. coli DNA ligase enzyme was purified after the production in E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysE cells. It was clearly demonstrated by the activity test that the DNA ligase enzyme produced in this study can ligate the DNA fragments. As a result, it was revealed that the effect of candidate inhibitors can be studied simply on the enzyme.

Moloney murin lösemi virüs (MMLV) ters transkriptazı (RT), cDNA sentezi ve RNA amplifikasyonu için en yaygın kullanılan enzimdir. Bu çalışmada moleküler çalışmalardaki önemi nedeniyle MMLV RT enziminin rekombinant olarak üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, MMLV RT enzimini kodlayan DNA fragmanı pTOLT plazmidine klonlanmış ve E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysE hücrelerinde eksprese edilmiştir. Proteinin yüksek düzeyde ekspresyonu, protein moleküllerinin inklüzyon cisimciklerinde toplanmasına neden olduğundan MMLV RT proteininin çözünür formda elde edilebilmesi için MMLV RT ve şaperon plazmidlerin (pG-KJE8, pGro7, pKJE7, pGTf2, pTf16) birlikte ekspresyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Beklentilerimizin aksine, protein çözünür formda elde edilemediği için, yeniden katlama prosesi kullanılarak inklüzyon cisimciklerinden geri kazanılmıştır. Son olarak protein, afinite kromatografisiyle saflaştırılmış ve proteinin aktivitesi RT-PCR tekniği kullanılarak kontrol edilmiştir., Reverse transcriptase (RT) of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV) is the most widely used enzyme for cDNA synthesis and RNA amplification. In this study, we aimed to produce MMLV RT enzyme recombinantly due to its importance in molecular studies. In this context, the DNA fragment encoding the MMLV RT enzyme was cloned into pTOLT plasmid and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysE cells. Since the high-level expression of the protein caused the protein molecules to aggregate in the inclusion bodies, co-expression of MMLV RT and chaperone plasmids (pG-KJE8, pGro7, pKJE7, pGTf2, pTf16) was performed to obtain the MMLV RT protein in soluble form. Contrary to our expectations, because it could not be obtained in soluble form, the protein was recovered from the inclusion bodies using refolding process. Finally, the protein was purified by affinity chromatography and the activity of the protein was checked using RT-PCR technique.

Purpose: Patients discharged after recovering from COVID-19 continue to experience symptoms. To determine and treat the symptoms experienced after COVID-19 disease, the studies should also focus on the post-recovery period. So, this study aims to determine the experienced symptoms by COVID-19 patients after recovery.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and recovered in a province in Turkey between April and June 2021. While a total of 1940 people participated in the study by using the random sampling method, which is one of the improbable sampling methods, 1443 people who met the criteria were included. Data were collected with a questionnaire and symptom analysis form prepared by the researchers.Results: Our analysis showed that 97.7% of people with COVID-19 had experienced at least one symptom. The most common symptoms were fatigue/weakness, bone or joint pain, headache, feeling anxious, forgetfulness, and back pain, Furthermore, it was found that the symptom experienced by individuals after recovery was associated with the number of chronic diseases they had.Conclusion and Suggestions: It is important to follow up people who have potential risk factors, especially chronic diseases and obesity, in the early period after COVID-19. Also, it is recommended to inform clinician nurses about these symptoms to be able to early diagnosis and manage them.

© 2022Introduction: No evidence was found in the literature for the use of the flipped classroom model in teaching clinical practice skills in paramedics. The study aimed to determine the effect of the flipped classroom model in teaching clinical practice skills to paramedic program students. Methods: The study was a single-center, randomized controlled, single-blind parallel-group study. The research was carried out with a university's first-year paramedic program students in the 2021 to 2022 academic year. The students were divided into groups by stratified sampling (intervention group = 21, control group = 21). Five clinical skills practices at various times were explained to the intervention group with the flipped classroom model and to the control group with the traditional lecture method. The research data were collected with the Introductory Characteristics Information Form, Checklists, Time Tracking Form, and Students’ Questionnaire for Evaluating the flipped classroom model. Results: Although the students in the intervention group received a higher total score from all 5 clinical practice skills than the students in the control group, this difference was not statistically significant (P > .05). However, although the time allocated for applications in the intervention group was 40 to 75 minutes longer than in the control group, most students stated that this model successfully taught skills and theory, increased their motivation during the application, and reduced application and exam anxiety. Discussion: The flipped classroom model can be used as an alternative method to the traditional system in teaching clinical practice skills. This innovative educational approach can be recommended as a student-centered method in clinical skills teaching.

Kanser, dünyadaki en yaygın hastalıklardan biridir. Meme kanseri, akciğer kanserinden sonra ikinci en ölümcül kanser türüdür. Cerrahi müdahale, kemoterapi ve radyoterapi meme kanseri tedavisinde en çok kullanılan geleneksel yöntemlerdir. Konvansiyonel tedavilerin hedefe yönelik olmayan yaklaşımı, sağlıklı hücrelerde ve dokularda ciddi yan etkilere neden olur ve mortalite genellikle bu geleneksel tedavilerin yan etkilerinden dolayı gerçekleşmektedir. Son yıllarda kanser hücrelerini hedef alan ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler adı verilen nano boyutlu partiküller kanser tedavisinde yeni bir yaklaşım olarak dikkatleri üzerine çekmektedir. Bu nanotaşıyıcı sistemlerin sağlıklı dokulara zarar vermeden tümör hücrelerini hedef alması meme kanseri tedavisi için umut verici bir yaklaşımdır. Ayrıca nanotaşıyıcılar, düşük toksisite, yüksek biyouyumluluk, biyobozunurluk, kullanım kolaylığı, yüksek doz ilaç yükleme ve ayarlanabilir yüzey işlevleri gösterebilen benzersiz biyomalzemelerdir. Bu çalışmada, meme kanseri tedavisine alternatif bir yaklaşım sunan nanotaşıyıcıların son çalışmalarını eleştirel bir analizle özetledik., Cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world. Breast cancer is the second most deadly cancer type after lung cancer. Surgical intervention, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the most used conventional methods in the treatment of breast cancer. The non-targeted approach of conventional treatments causes serious side effects in healthy cells and tissues, and often mortality is due to the side effects of these conventional treatments. In recent years, nano-sized particles called drug delivery systems targeting cancer cells have attracted attention as a new approach in cancer treatment. The fact that these nanocarrier systems target tumor cells without damaging healthy tissues has been a hope for breast cancer. Moreover, nanocarriers are unique biomaterials that may exhibit low toxicity, high biocompatibility, biodegradability, ease of use, high dose drug loading, and adjustable surface functionalities. In the present study, we summarize recent studies of nanocarriers that offer a critical review of an alternative strategy to breast cancer therapy.

The impacts of high-stakes testing administered within the framework of accountability policies concern all the stakeholders in the field of education, particularly the policymakers. As such, in the present study, which is specific to the mathematics course, the aim was to examine the impacts of high-stakes testing on teaching and learning processes, measurement and evaluation, communication, and motivation based on teacher perceptions. The study employed one of the qualitative research designs, namely phenomenology. The participants of the study were comprised of 13 middle school mathematics teachers identified via the maximum sampling technique. The data in the study were collected through the semi-structured interview technique and analyzed by using the content analysis method. The results of the study revealed that the teachers were inclined to use the traditional teaching method and solve multiple-choice tests, that the questions they used for the measurement of performance resembled those in high-stakes testing, and that the motivation of both teachers and the students were negatively affected. These findings were all similar to those frequently reported in the literature. Moreover, it was revealed that high-stakes testing prevented the consideration of individual differences and the teaching of values, that high-stakes testing was the focal point in communication, and that the impacts of high-risk testing showed a widespread impact upon different grades ranging from grade 8, during which the testing was done, down onto lower grades. Within the scope of these results, policymakers were recommended to take action toward improving the teaching process by acting together with the teachers to minimize the negative impacts of high-stakes testing on the process.&nbsp

Teucrioside, 9′-decarboxyrosmarinic acid 4′-O-α-rhamnosyl-(1‴→6‴)-O-β-galactosyl-(1‴→4″)-Oα-rhamnoside is a natural phenolic compound. It has been isolated and identified from the genus Teucrium. Teucrium genus is widely used in traditional medicine for its antioxidant, diuretic, antiulcer, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and antibacterial properties. Since silver nanoparticles have superior physicochemical properties, they have an important role in biology and medicine. In this study, the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out using Teucrioside and AgNO3. The effect of five independent variables (pH, AgNO3 concentration, Teucrioside volume/total volume, microwave power and time) on nanoparticle formation was evaluated using a central composite design (CCD) based response surface methodology (RSM). Nanoparticle formation was demonstrated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and FTIR analysis. The particle size and zeta potential of silver nanoparticles were determined by dynamic light scattering method (DLS). The results showed that 5 mM AgNO3, Teucrioside volume/total volume:0.3, 475 watt, 60 sec. and pH:7.5 were optimal reaction parameters. The antibacterial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was tested against common pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Obtained results demonstrated that biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from Teucrioside have great potential as a new antibacterial agent.

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the effect of hot water application by immersion method to the legs of pregnant women with Restless leg syndrome (RLS) on their complaints about RLS. Methods: The study is a pretest-posttest randomised controlled. The study was performed with pregnant 29 women. The data were collected using Personal Information Form, International RLS Study Group Diagnostic Criteria, and the International RLS Rating Scale (IRLS). Hot water application was made of intervention group (IG). No application was made in the control group (CG) other than routine care and follow-up. The application was made for 20 minutes before bedtime for seven days. No application was made in the CG other than routine care and follow-up. Results: Descriptive and gestational characteristics of the pregnant women in both groups were similar (p>0.05). In pretest measurements, IRLS total score of the IG was 26.38±6.82, the score of the CG was 22.06±5.56 and the groups were similar to each other (p>0.05). While posttest total score was 8.23±6.84 in the IG and 21.18±6.32 in the CG and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p

Proteases are closely associated with many pathological conditions. Efficient detection of protease activity may be useful for diagnosis, prognosis, and the development of new therapeutic biomolecules. Fluorescent Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) is defined as the non-radioactive energy transfer that occurs between two fluorophores. Fluorescent proteins are widely used in FRET biosensors because they can be genetically encoded and compatible with cells. Fluorescent Protein based FRET (FP-FRET) biosensors are used to monitor biological processes such as enzyme activity, intracellular ion concentration, conformational changes, protein-protein interactions. In this study, it was aimed to detect protease activity using an FP-FRET biosensor and TEV protease was chosen as a model enzyme. The plasmid encoding the mNeonGreen-mRuby3 fluorescent protein-based FRET biosensor was constructed. The gene of the designed FP-FRET biosensor was expressed in Escherichia coli DH5α cells using recombinant DNA techniques and purified using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. As a result, the activity of the TEV protease enzyme was determined by emission measurements performed in the spectrofluorometer using the produced FP-FRET biosensor. The usability of the designed FP-FRET biosensor in the determination of protease enzyme activity was demonstrated.

Gluten is a protein group found in wheat, barley, rye, and oats, known as cereals. When this vegetable protein is introduced into the body, celiac disease can occurs. The use of bacterial and fungal oligopeptidase to ensure the cleavage of gluten into non-toxic fragments are considered a promising alternative for celiac disease. In this study, the Aspergillus niger Prolyl EndoPeptidase (AN-PEP) enzyme was cloned into pET22b vector and recombinantly produced in BL21 (DE3) pLysE cells. PEP enzyme expressed as inclusion body and was recovered by refolding. And N-terminal His-tagged recombinant protein was purified by nickel affinity chromatography. 280 mg AN-PEP enzyme from 1L bacterial culture was purified at very high yield, and this protein was 90% purity. As a result; It has been determined that the recombinantly produced PEP enzyme can digest gluten. This study shows that recombinantly produced AN-PEP (rAN-PEP) has great potential to use in the production processes of gluten-free foods.

Nowadays, many of plants are used as a reduction agent in biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles. In this study, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was aimed to optimize with Box-Behnken design. Aloe vera plant extract was utilized as a reduction agent as it is the famous natural product in field of cosmetic and skin health care. The synthesized silver nanoparticles using Aloe vera plant extract solution were optimized by Box-Behnken design due to the influence of different factors such as microwave power, time, AgNO3 concentration, and ratio of volume of Aloe vera plant extract solution to volume of AgNO3 and the percentage yield of particle formation as a response. Quadratic polynomial model was used to carry out mathematical modelling and response surface analysis was performed to determine the independent variable-response relationship. The optimized silver nanoparticles were characterized using instrumental devices like FTIR spectroscopy UV-VIS spectrophotometry. In addition, the optimized silver nanoparticles were tested for antibacterial activity on Gram positive (S. aureus, E. faecalis) and Gram negative ( P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae )bacteria. Briefly, the trials interpreted successful synthesis of the silver nanoparticles along with comprehension of the related factors affecting their quality characteristics and remarkably developed antibacterial activity as helpful impact.

Genom düzenleme, hedef gende istenilen değişiklikleri yapmak için kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Günümüzde genom düzenleme çalışmaları için çeşitli yöntemler kullanılmaktadır; bunlar arasında en yaygın kullanılan yöntemlerden biri kümelenmiş, düzenli aralıklarla yerleştirilmiş kısa palindromik tekrarlardır (CRISPR). CRISPR ile ilişkili (Cas) genleri ve bunlara karşılık gelen CRISPR dizileri, CRISPR-Cas sistemlerini oluşturur. Basitliği nedeniyle, CRISPR-Cas sisteminin insanlarda ex vivogen terapisi çalışmalarında etkili bir şekilde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır veCRISPR taşıyıcı sistemlerin önemi giderek artmaktadır.Genom düzenleme çalışmalarında dağıtım yöntemleri olarak viral ve viral olmayan sistemler kullanılmaktadır. Nanopartiküllerin ayarlanabilir boyutları, yüzeyleri, şekilleri ve biyolojik davranışları nedeniyle gen terapisi için en umut verici araçlar olduğukanıtlanmıştır. Polimerik taşıyıcı sistem, azaltılmış immünojenisitesi ve patojenitesi nedeniyle gen aktarımı için viral olmayan ana ikame haline gelmiştir. Bu derlemede, viral olmayan CRISPR dağıtım sistemlerinde kullanılan polimerik taşıyıcılarla ilgiligüncel çalışmalar hakkında bilgiler sunulmaktadır., Genome editing is a method used to make desired changes in the target gene. Today, various methods are used for genome-editing studies; among them, one of the most widely used methods is the clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). CRISPR-associated (Cas) genes and their corresponding CRISPR sequences constitute CRISPR-Cas systems. Due to its simplicity, it is likely that the CRISPR–Cas system could be used effectively in ex vivo gene therapy studies in humans. If this happens, the importance of CRISPR carrier systems will gradually increase. Viral and non-viral systems are used as delivery modalities in genome-editing studies. It has been proven that nanoparticles are the most promising tools for gene therapy due to their adjustable size, surface, shape, and biological behaviours. The polymeric carrier system has become the main non-viral substitute for gene delivery due to its reduced immunogenicity and pathogenicity. In this review, information about current studies related to polymeric carriers used in non-viral CRISPR delivery systems is presented.

Single-stranded DNA-binding (SSB) proteins play an important role in DNA metabolism involving DNA replication, recombination, and repair in all living beings. In molecular biology, SSB proteins are used as enhancers to increase the efficiency and specificity of PCR. Thermostable SSB protein eliminates secondary structure or dimer formation and significantly increase the effectiveness of amplification of DNA fragments. In this study, it was ensured that the SSB gene of thermophilic bacteria Thermus aquaticus (T. aquaticus) was cloned into the pET28b vector and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) PLysE cells. Then, the purification of the SSB protein produced in E. coli BL21 (DE3) PLysE cells was performed. 20 mg SSB protein was obtained from 1L bacterial culture, and its purity was more than 90%. It was shown by the PCR experiment that the SSB protein produced in this study could increase the amplification efficiency.

Amaç: Bu çalışma, evlilik öncesi Cinsel Sağlık/Üreme Sağlığı Eğitiminin yeni evli kadının bilgi düzeyi, evlilik uyumu ve cinsel memnuniyeti üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu desene dayanan deneysel bir araştırmadır. Çalışma 149 kadınla yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın ön testinde, deney grubunun Cinsel Konular ile İlgili Bilgi Düzeyine İlişkin Değerlendirme Formu toplam puanı 65.19 ± 9.88, kontrol grubunun toplam puanı 63.33 ± 11.51 olup toplam puanların gruplar arasında benzer olduğu görülmüştür. Son test toplam puanının deney grubunda (74.08 ± 11.98) kontrol grubuna (62.33 ± 12.57) göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Deney ve kontrol gruplarındaki kadınların Evlilik Uyum Ölçeği, Golombok-Rust Cinsel Doyum Ölçeği - Kadın Formu ve Evliliğe Yönelik İnanç ve Tutumlar Ölçeği; Sağlık İnanç Modeli toplam puanları arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır.Sonuç: Evlilik öncesi eğitimin kadınların cinsel konulardaki bilgi düzeylerinin artırılmasında etkili olduğu ancak dört aylık dönemde evlilik uyumlarını ve cinsel doyumlarını etkilemediği sonucuna varılmıştır., Purpose: This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of the premarital Sexual Health/Reproductive Health Training on the knowledge level, marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction of the newly married woman. Materials and Methods: This study was an experimental study based on the design of pretest-posttest with control group. The study was performed with 149 women. Results: In the pretest measurements of the study, total score of The Assessment Form on Sexual Knowledge Level of the experimental group was 65.19 ± 9.88 and total score of The Assessment Form on Sexual Knowledge Level of the control group was 63.33 ± 11.51, and it is observed that total scores were similar between the groups. It was determined that the posttest total score was significantly higher in the experimental group (74.08 ± 11.98) compared to the control group (62.33 ± 12.57). It was determined that Marital Adjustment Scale, Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction and The Marital Beliefs and Attitudes Scale; Health Belief Model total scores of the women in the experimental and the control groups did not show a statistically significant difference.Conclusion: The training was effective in increasing the knowledge levels of the women on sexual matters but it did not affect their marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction in a four-month period.

The green synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been promising approach in the field of nanomedicine due to its low-cost, non-toxic, biocompatible and sustainable features. In literature, therapeutic potentials of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coupled with natural extracts have been extensively evaluated against various diseases. The present study aims at preparation of AgNPs using Coriolus versicolor and Boletus edulis mushroom extract based on the microwave-assisted method. The synthesized C. versicolor-silver nanoparticles (CV-AgNPs) and B. edulis-silver nanoparticles (BE-AgNPs) were characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering technique (DLS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Anticancer activity of AgNPs was tested on MCF-7, HT-29 and HUH-7 cell lines. Antimicrobial efficacy of AgNPs was determined against pathogens bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and fungal (Candida albicans and Candida utilis) strains. Also, wound healing potential of AgNPs was examined on L929 cells. Obtained results demonstrated that synthesized CV-AgNPs and BE-AgNPs had an average size diameter of

Idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is a type of epilepsy with a monogenic or polygenic inheritance pattern representing 47% of all epilepsies. Idiopathic epilepsies have a complex genetic structure and the genetic factors involved in the development of epilepsy are still unclear. Dog models are often used in researching the complex genetic basis of epilepsy. A study of Rhodesian Ridgeback (RR) dogs with generalized myoclonic epilepsy found a 4-bp-deletion in the second exon of the DIRAS1 gene. In the literature, there is no study on the presence of a relationship between DIRAS1 gene and epilepsy in human population. We aimed to analyze whether there is a relationship between human epilepsy and DIRAS1 gene. For genomic analysis, peripheral blood samples were taken from 109 patients diagnosed with IGE and 51 healthy volunteers in the Turkish population. Genomic DNA isolation was performed from blood samples and the DIRAS1 gene region of the genomic DNA was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR products were purified and sequenced. DNA sequencing results were analyzed by chi-squared test. In the patient and control groups, G/C change was found in nucleotide 549 of DIRAS1 gene. No significant correlation was found between the distribution of DIRAS1-549-G/C genotypes and allele frequencies (p = 0.8 and p = 0.7, respectively). In this study, DIRAS1-549-G/C polymorphism has been shown not to play an important role in the development of epilepsy in the Turkish population. As a result, new data on IGEs whose molecular mechanism is still not fully elucidated has been revealed.

Amaç: Çalışmamızda, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi Hemodiyaliz Ünitesi’ne başvuran hastaların HBsAg ve Anti HCV test sonuçlarının incelenerek pozitiflik dağılımlarının belirlenmesi, sonuçların yaş, cinsiyet, yerleşim yeri, hastalık tablosu gibi faktörler açısından değerlendirilerek bu konudaki literatüre katkı sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemiz hemodiyaliz ünitesine, 01.01.2002- 31.12.2011 tarihleri arasında başvuran 3023 hastanın HBsAg ve Anti HCV test sonuçları, hemodiyaliz ünitesi ve klinik mikrobiyoloji laboratuvar sonuçları değerlendirilerek geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmamız süresi içerisinde başvuran, 1696’sı (%56) erkek, 1327’si (%44) kadın, toplam 3023 hasta HBsAg ve Anti HCV testlerinin sonuçları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Seropozitiflik HBsAg için %3,5, Anti- HCV seropozitifliği ise %5,1 olarak tespit edilmiştir. HBsAg ve Anti HCV’nin birlikte görüldüğü olguların oranı ise %0,2 olarak bulunmuştur. Kronik böbrek yetersizliği olan hastalarda Anti HCV pozitifliğine, akut böbrek yetersizliği olan hastalarda ise HBsAg pozitifliğine daha sık rastlanmıştır. Şehir merkezinde yaşayanlarda Anti HCV, şehir merkezi dışında yaşayanlarda HBsAg’ye daha sık rastlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda HBsAg ve Anti HCV pozitifliğinin yaş gruplarına göre dağılımı istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulunmamış; ancak 60-69 yaş aralığında sıklığın arttığı görülmüştür. Sonuç: Çalışmamız süresi içerisinde hastanemiz hemodiyaliz ünitesinde elde edilen HBsAg ve Anti HCV pozitifliklerinin, ülkemiz ortalamasının altında olduğu görülmüştür. Hemodiyaliz merkezlerinin enfeksiyon kontrol önlemlerini etkin bir şekilde uygulaması, sağlık çalışanları, personel, hemodiyaliz hastaları ve yakınlarının düzenli eğitimlerle bu konularda bilgilendirilmesi, seropozitif hastalara bakım veren personel ve ekipmanların ayrılması, hastaların serolojik takip ve aşılanmalarının yapılmasında gereken hassasiyetin gösterilmesi gibi önlemlerle daha düşük HBsAg ve Anti HCV sonuçlarına ulaşılabileceğine inanmaktayız., Objective: The aim of this study is to examine and determine the positive distributions of HBsAg and Anti-HCV test results of the patients who applied to Cumhuriyet University Training and Application Hospital Haemodialysis Unit. We evaluated these results in terms of the factors such as age, gender, settlement and sickness table to make a contribution to the literature. Materials and Methods: The HBsAg and Anti-HCV test results of 3023 patients applying to haemodialysis unit of our hospital between 01.01.2002 and 31.12.2011 were examined retrospectively by evaluating the test results of haemodialysis unit and clinical microbiology laboratory. Results: In our study, total 3023 patient applying to our unit, 1696 male (56%) and 1327 female (44%), were evaluated in terms of the HBsAg and Anti-HCV test results. Seropositivity was 3.5% for HBsAg and 5.1% for Anti-HCV. The proportion of subjects with both HBsAg and Anti-HCV was 0.2%. Anti-HCV positivity was frequently seen in the patients with chronic renal failure and HBsAg was frequently seen in the patients with acute renal failure. While anti-HCV positivity was seen more in in chronic renal failure patients, HBsAg positivity was more frequent in acute renal failure patients. Anti-HCV was frequently seen in the patients living in downtown and HBsAg was frequently seen in the patients living in uptown. In our study, no statistically significant difference was found among the distribution of HBsAg and Anti-HCV positivity by age groups; however, the frequency increased in 60-69 age range. Conclusion: We determined that HBsAg and Anti-HCV positivity obtained from the haemodialysis unit of our hospital were below the country average. We believe that lower HBsAg and Anti-HCV results could be achieved by controls of infection control commitees in haemodialysis centres. Also informing the medical staff, personnel, haemodialysis patients and their relatives about these topics with regular trainings and separating the staff who give care to the seropositive patients and equipment from the others and showing the necessary sensitivity in serologic follow-up and vaccination of the patients can decrease the rate.