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In this study, we investigated the effects of peripheral nesfatin-1 on basal brain activity and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced epileptiform activity, and its relationship with the electrocorticogram (ECoG) power spectrum and EEG bands. Forty-nine male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: control sham, 4-AP (2.5 mg/kg i.p.), Nesfatin-1 (1, 2, and 4 µg/kg i.p.), Nesfatin-1 (2 µg/kg) post-treatment, and Nesfatin-1 (2 µg/kg) pre-treatment. Recordings were conducted for 70 min under ketamine/xylazine (90/10 mg/kg) anesthesia. In the post-treatment group, nesfatin-1 was injected 20 min after 4-AP induction. In the pre-treatment groups, nesfatin-1 was administered following basal recordings and before 4-AP injection. 4-AP induced epileptiform activity in all animals, peaking at 30 min. Nesfatin-1 (2 µg/kg) reduced basal brain activity (p < 0.05) and decreased alpha, delta, and theta bands in ECoG. Post-treatment of nesfatin-1 did not affect 4-AP-induced activity (p > 0.05) but increased gamma band activity (p > 0.05). Pre-treatment of nesfatin-1 reduced epileptiform activity between 50 and 60 min (p < 0.05), decreased delta bands, and increased gamma bands (p > 0.05). We conclude that peripheral nesfatin-1 modulates normal brain activity but has limited effects on abnormal discharges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Erciyes Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a well-established method for managing postoperative and chronic pain. ESPB applications for the sacral area procedures are called sacral ESPBs (SESPBs). This cadaveric study aimed to determine the distribution of local anesthesia using the median and intermediate approaches to the SESPB. Methods: Four cadavers were categorized into the median and intermediate approach groups. Ultrasound-guided SESPBs were performed using a mixture of radiopaque agents and dye. Following confirmation of the solution distribution through computed tomography (CT), the cadavers were dissected to observe the solution distribution. Results: CT images of the median group demonstrated subcutaneous pooling of the radiopaque solution between the S1 and S5 horizontal planes. Radiopaque solution also passed from the sacral foramina to the anterior sacrum via the spinal nerves between S2 and S5. In the intermediate group, the solution distribution was observed along the bilateral erector spinae muscle between the L2 and S3 horizontal planes; no anterior transition was detected. Dissection in the median group revealed blue solution distribution in subcutaneous tissue between horizontal planes S1 and S5, but no distribution in superficial fascia or muscle. In the intermediate group, red solution was detected in the erector spinae muscle between the L2 and S3 intervertebral levels. Conclusions: Radiologic and anatomic findings revealed the presence of radiopaque dye in the superficial and erector spinae compartments in both the median and intermediate groups. However, anterior transition of the radiopaque dye was detected only in the median group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gümüshane Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Gumushane University, Faculty of Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: In the literature, there are studies on many parameters that affect hand grip strength. However, no specific study was found on the relationship between hand grip strength and elbow bearing angle. The aim of our study is to contribute to the emergence of this relationship. Methods: The study was conducted in Maçka Ömer Burhanoğlu Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Hospital with 60 (30M, 30F) volunteer participants between the ages of 18-65. Those with pathology, previous trauma, neurological disease that may affect these regions, or congenital anomalies related to the elbow, wrist or hand were not included in the study. Elbow carrying angles of all individuals were measured based on the medial contours of the arm and forearm. The grip strenght was measured with a camry digital hand dynamometer at the position determined by the American Society of Hand Therapists. Statistical analyzes of the study were made using (SPSS) version 22.0 program. A correlation analysis was performed and p<0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: Hand grip strength and elbow carrying angle values were compared seperately in both upper extremities in men and woman. There was no correlation between the two eters on the right side in women (p=0.724), no statistically significant correlation was observed in the same parameters on the left side (p=0.075) There was also no correlation between the two parameters on the right side (p=0.201) and on the left side (p=0.322) in men Conclusion: Although it was seen that the hand grip strength increased as the elbow carrying angle increased, the data were not statistically significant. The small number of participants in the study may have caused this. We think that studies in larger series and in which radiological data will be included will yield more useful results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: It is known that breastfeeding has an important in children's neurological development. There are many studies in the literature on the neurological development of breastfed and non-breastfed children, and the volumes of their cortical and subcortical regions. Studies have shown that breastfed children have an increase in white and gray matter volume, cortical thickness, and the volume of white matter related structures. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of breast milk on cortical and subcortical structures. Methods: The study included 14 (8 girls, 6 boys) breastfed children and 18 (8 girls, 10 boys) not breastfed children. The volumes of the brain cortical and subcortical structures were examined with the volBrain 1.0 method using T1 -weighted magnetic resonance images of the study participants. SPSS 22.0 program was used for the statistical analysis of our study and a p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: In the analysis results of our study, total thalamus, left thalamus and right hippocampus volumes were found to be smaller in those who received breast milk than those who did not. These values are statistically significant. Volumetric increase was observed in other subcortical structures of non-breastfed subjects compared to breastfed. However, this increase is not statistically significant. Conclusion: Breast milk is a complex nutritional substrate with theoretical nutritional advantages over formula milk to support brain development. In the literature, different results were obtained when the brain structures of breastfed children were examined. It is thought that the presence of volumetric increase or decrease cannot be determined as a criterion for choosing breast milk. These differences are thought to be due to reasons such as the number of participants, method differences, and breastfeeding duration. We believe that our study will contribute to the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: MSD (musculoskeletal system disorders) is common in nurses, who are the most crowded occupational group in the health sector. Although anthropometry is closely related to the musculoskeletal system, few studies have been found on this subject. It is thought that our study will contribute to this gap in the literature. Methods: All intensive care unit nurses (42 people) in Trabzon Fatih State Hospital were included in the study. Sociodemographic questionnaire and Nordic questionnaire were filled in by the employees. The anthropometric measurements of the participants were recorded by the researcher. SPSS 26.0 statistical program was used in the analysis of the descriptive and cross-sectional study, and the significance value was accepted as p<0.05. Results:When we questioned the relationship between employee characteristics and MSD; No significant relationship was found between height, working style, rest interval and regular exercise status and MSD. Statistically significant correlations were found between weight, gender, smoking status, previous diagnosis of MSD, working year and age, and MSD. In our research on the relationship between anthropometric measurements and MSD; No significant results were found between eye height, shoulder height, maximum reach point, elbow height, reach point and hip height in standing position and MSD. Significant relationships were found between fist height, shoulder width, hip width and MSD. No significant correlation was found between the eye height, knee height, shoulder height, hipknee length measured in sitting position and MSD. A highly significant relationship was found between height and elbow height and MSD. Close relationships were found between elbow-hand-tip distance and hip width and MSD. Conclusion: In our study, significant relationships were found between many anthropometric features and MSD. As in all workplaces, the work should be adapted to people by designing the measurements of the tools and equipment used in the working environment in accordance with the employee's measurements, in hospitals as well. For this, we think that the anthropometric measurements of the people of the country should be measured at regular intervals, standards should be determined and the design of the goods used should be developed in accordance with these standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: It is known that the cerebellum plays an important role in the processing of pain. In the literature, many structures of the brain have been studied volumetrically by using brain MRI images of migraine patients. Many automated methods have been used to estimate brain volume from MRI images. The functional role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiology of migraine still remains unclear. In this study we aimed to contribute to the pathophysiology of migraine by examining the cerebellum structures of migraine patients. Methods: 19 people (9 women, 10 men) diagnosed with migraine and 14 people (7 women, 7 men) who did not have any neurological disorder were included in the study. The CERES method of volBrain was used to examine the cerebellum volumes of the study groups. With this method, gray matter volumes of each lobe of the cerebellum and cortical thickness of each lobe were obtained. To analyse the study results, we used SPSS 15.0 program and considered p<0.05 as statistically significant. Results: As a result of the analysis, gray matter volumes of the right cerebellum, left cerebellum, Crus I, Crus II, VIIB, VIIIA, VIIIB and cortical thickness of these regions were found to be increased in migraine patients. CrusII, VIIB, VIIIA gray matter volumes of those with a disease duration of 5 years or more are found higher than those with a disease duration of less than 5 years. It was also found that patients who have 10 or more attacks per month have a higher cortical thickness of the CrusII region. The volume increase and cortical thickness in these regions show a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: Crus I and crus II are areas closely connected to the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortical cortex by association fibers. Crus I and crus II are thought to contain cognitive and emotional representations and show an overlapping activity between irritating pain. Further studies are needed to elucielucidate the role of the cerebellum in migraine disease and to investigate its potential role in migraine treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]