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The visualization of the cervix and subsequent manipulations during transcervical applications in sheep might require a degree of straining reflexes while using the Collin Speculum. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and to evaluate the feasibility of a new alternative speculum design for non-surgical assisted reproductive procedures in small ruminants. Collin speculum (CS) and the new "Onder speculum" (OS) were used to assess cervical entrance in 30 ewes. The OS efficiency for a successful cervical retraction was also evaluated. Data showed that the cervical entrance was visible in 8 out of the 30 females with CS, while it was observed in all the animals when using OS (P<0.001). The latter was successful in the retraction of the cervical entrance in 10 randomly selected animals out of the total. To conclude, the newly developed speculum effectively supported the implementation of non-surgical assisted reproductive procedures in small ruminants and was also considered to have the potential to facilitate non-invasive reproductive techniques in these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of insulin supplemented extender on bull semen at a post-thaw stage. Semen samples were collected four times from a Zavot bull which is endangered species in Türkiye. Semen samples were diluted with Tris based extender supplemented with 10 IU or 15 IU of insulin and control. Motility and plasma membrane integrity were evaluated by a phase-contrast microscope. Acrosome integrity (Fitc-Peanut Agglutinin), mitochondrial membrane potential (Rhodamine 123), nitric oxide level (4,5-Diaminofluorescein-2/diacetate) were evaluated with dual staining propidium iodide using flow cytometry. Motility and plasma membrane functional integrity were better preserved compared to control group (P<0.05). Acrosome integrity results were statistically similar between control and 10 IU insulin groups (P>0.05), but increased insulin negatively affected acrosome integrity (p<0.05). Mitochondrial membrane potential was found to be higher when compared all cells in insulin containing groups compared to control (P<0.05). However, results were found similar in all groups with PI negative/mitochondrial membrane potential positive (P>0.05). There were not any significant differences among groups in terms of nitric oxide level (P>0.05). In conclusion, it was thought that insulin involved in energy metabolism and improved preservation of bull semen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine is the property of Uludag Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study was aimed to determine seasonal variations in testicular measurements and semen characteristics of four Gurcu goat bucks. Data were collected over a whole year. Body weight and morphometric testicular parameters were measured once a month. Semen samples were collected weekly through an artificial vagina, then diluted in a skim milk extender and frozen. Semen volume, sperm concentration, the total number of spermatozoa and the mass activity were evaluated in each extended semen sample. In contrast, sperm progressive motility was assessed prior to the cryopreservation process. In autumn, the testis was larger than in other seasons (P < 0.01). Ejaculate volume increased in winter (P < 0.01), while the total number of spermatozoa increased during the winter even the seasonal effect was not significant (P = 0.24). Post-thaw motility was highest for the semen collected in autumn. In conclusion, although seasonal variation in the characteristics of fresh semen was limited, it may be appropriate to collect semen in autumn, when sperm doses should be cryopreserved for the genetic preservation of this breed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Repeat breeder (RB) is one of the crucial causes of economic loss in dairy cows. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of intrauterine carvacrol administration after timed artificial insemination (TAI) on the conception rate (CR) in RB cows. The study involved 155 RB cows returned to service for more than three times and without any significant pathologic defects in genital tract. All cows were subjected to following estrus synchronization method: An intra-vaginal apparatus (IVA) containing 1.55 g progesteron were inserted for 9 days and administered one dose of PGF2a one day before removing IVA, then injected one dose of GnRH 6 h before TAI. All the cows were inseminated in 56th h after removing IVA. All RB cows were randomly divided to three groups. Group I (GI; n=52) and Group II (GII; n=51), treatments groups were infused with 0.1% diluted Carvacrol and 0.1% Lugol's (GII) solution. Group III (GIII; n=51) the control group, was received normal saline only. All infusions were administered one dose of 30-50 mL (according to uterine size) into uterus half hour after insemination. In the observations performed in 21 to 30 days after insemination, non-return rates (NRR) were 71.15%, 69.23% and 68.62% in groups of GI, GII and GIII, respectively. CR detected by rectal palpation at 60 days following artificial insemination were 67.30%, 63.46% and 46.15% in GI, GII and GIII, respectively. However, the differences between groups were not statistically significant. As a result: In the treatment of RB cows, it may be suggested that carvacrol infusion to the uterus may be preferred as it has improved pregnancy rates to some extent. Nevertheless, further investigations are needed to confirm these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi is the property of University of Kafkas, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi is the property of University of Kafkas, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of different doses of L-Ergothioneine (LE), cystein and N-acetylcystein (NAC) on post-thawing semen parameters in rams. Ejaculates collected from fourTushin Rams were evaluated and pooled at 35°C. Semen samples were diluted with skim-milk based extender containing LE (5,10 mM), Cystein (5,10 mM), NAC (5,10 mM) or not containing any antioxidant (control) and loaded to 0.25 ml French straws. Straws were cooled to 5°C for 2 h, frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour (aprox. -120°C) for 15 min and then being stored in liquid nitrogen until thawing process. Straws were thawed in water bath (37°C for 1 min). The percentages of motility, viability, abnormal acrosome, total abnormalities, membrane integrity (hypoosmatic swelling test, HOST) were statistically assessed. Also total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidatif stres (TOS) were evaluated in samples from replications. It was seen that LE was superior to N-acetylcystein and cystein in motility, viability, defected acrosome, total morphological abnormalities, HOST and TAC, (P<0.05) except cystein in motility. Neverthless, there was not any statistically difference between LE and control groups (P>0.05). It was conlcluded that there was not any beneficial or detrimental effects of LE on post thawing semen parameters in rams while it was determined that cystein and NAC may have been some detrimental effects on post thawing semen parameters in rams. These results warrants future scientific studies on LE, NAC and cystein in ram semen cryopreservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficacy of PGF2α and intrauterine gentamicin or their combination in a progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID) regime was investigated for treatment of infertility in cows. From 46 infertile cows, body condition scores (BCSs) were recorded and the cows were then divided into 4 experimental groups according to the synchronisation protocol and intrauterine gentamicin administration as follows: i) PRID (1.55 g of progesterone and 10 mg of oestradiol benzoate) for 12 days plus artificial insemination (AI) at 48 and 72 h (group 1, n = 8), ii) PRID for 12 days plus an i.m. injection of 0.150 mg of cloprostenol on day 10 and 2 AIs (group 2, n = 10), iii) PRID for 12 days plus 2 AIs and intrauterine 250 mg of gentamicin sulphate after 30 min (group 3, n = 18), and iv) PRID for 12 days plus an injection of cloprostenol on day 10 and gentamicin administration after 2 AIs (group 4, n = 10). Following administrations, the oestrus rates and 60-120 day non-return rates (NRRs) were determined in all cows. The respective oestrus rates in groups 1 to 4 were 75.0 ± 16.4%, 90.0 ± 10.0%, 72.2 ± 10.9% and 100.0 ± 0.0% with no significant differences between them. Likewise, corresponding NRRs were 37.5 ± 18.3%, 30.0 ± 15.3%, 27.8 ± 10.9% and 60.0 ± 16.3%, and there were no significant differences between them. However, the oestrus rates and NRRs were higher in group 4. The results indicate that the combination of PGF2α and gentamicin in a PRID regime may be useful for the treatment of infertility in cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences is the property of Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)