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1. Intercropping legumes and cereals increases resource use efficiency and crop productivity in low phosphorus soils under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions

Author: Samira Brahimi, Omrane Toumatia, Jean Jacques Drevon, Abdelghani Zitouni, Mohamed Lazali, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université de Djilali Bounaama Khemis Miliana (univ-DBKM), Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens - LBSM (Alger, Algeria), Université Ziane Achour de Djelfa, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), CROSYMED Project, funded through the ARIMNet2 2017 Joint Call by the funding agency FNRSDT/DGRSDT, Algeria., PRFU project [D04N01UN440120180001] run by the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research., and European Project: 618127,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-ERANET-2013-RTD,ARIMNET2(2014)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, cereal-legume intercrops, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Nutrient uptake, phosphorus, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Development, rhizosphere, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: International audience; Intercropping ensures multiple benefits like enhancement of yield, environmental security, production sustainability, and greater ecosystem services. In order to better understand how mixed crop cultures mitigate stressful conditions, this study aims to highlight the beneficial effect of the intercropping legume-cereal in enhancing nutrient uptake for plant growth and productivity in low phosphorus (P) soils. To address this question, faba bean (Vicia faba L. cv. Sidi Aich) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Rihane 3) were grown as sole- and inter-crops over two growing seasons in 2017 and 2018 in a northern Algerian agro-ecosystem with a semiarid Mediterranean climate. The results showed that the plant growth and nodulation were significantly increased by 18% and 32%, respectively, for intercropping than for sole cropping and so more in 2018 compared to 2017. Moreover, grain yield and resource use efficiency (N and P) were significantly improved, as indicated by higher land equivalent ratio (LER > 1) in intercropping over sole cropping treatments. Also, the P and N concentrations measured in the rhizosphere were increased compared to bulk soil and even more so in the rhizosphere of intercropped species over two seasons. Our findings suggest that intercropping cereals with legumes may achieve high crop productivity and land use efficiency at reduced input levels.
Published: 2022
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2. Infection spreading in cell culture as a reaction-diffusion wave

Author: Latifa Ait Mahiout, Nikolai Bessonov, Bogdan Kazmierczak, Georges Sadaka, Vitaly Volpert, Laboratoire d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires et histoire des mathématiques [Alger], École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems [St. Petersburg] (IPME), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institute of Fundamental Technological Research (IPPT), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Raphaël Salem (LMRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Peoples Friendship University of Russia [RUDN University] (RUDN), Modélisation mathématique, calcul scientifique (MMCS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Modélisation multi-échelle des dynamiques cellulaires : application à l'hématopoïese (DRACULA), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lyon, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
Subjects: cell culture, reaction-diffusion equations, Viral infection, viruses, [MATH]Mathematics [math], time delay
Abstract: International audience; Infection spreading in cell culture occurs due to virus replication in infected cells and its random motion in the extracellular space. Multiplicity of infection experiments in cell cultures are conventionally used for the characterization of viral infection by the number of viral plaques and the rate of their growth. We describe this process with a delay reaction-diffusion system of equations for the concentrations of uninfected cells, infected cells, virus, and interferon. Time delay corresponds to the duration of viral replication inside infected cells. We show that infection propagates in cell culture as a reaction-diffusion wave, we determine the wave speed and prove its existence. Next, we carry out numerical simulations and identify three stages of infection progression: infection decay during time delay due to virus replication, explosive growth of viral load when infected cells begin to reproduce it, and finally, wave-like infection progression in cell culture characterized by a constant or slowly growing total viral load. The modelling results are in agreement with the experimental data for the coronavirus infection in a culture of epithelial cells and for some other experiments. The presence of interferon produced by infected cells decreases the viral load but does not change the speed of infection progression in cell culture. In the 2D modelling, the total viral load grows faster than in the 1D case due to the increase of plaque perimeter.
Published: 2022
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3. Lichen biomonitoring of airborne trace elements in the industrial-urbanized area of eastern algiers (Algeria)

Author: Henia Saib, Amine Yekkour, Mohamed Toumi, Bouzid Guedioura, Mohamed Amine Benamar, Abdelhamid Zeghdaoui, Annabelle Austruy, David Bergé-Lefranc, Marcel Culcasi, Sylvia Pietri, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Centre de Recherche Nucléaire de Draria (CRND), Université Saâd Dahlab Blida 1 (UB1), Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions [Fos-sur-Mer], and ANR-17-CE34-0006,MITODIAPM,Sondes mitochondriales et dispositifs de génération d'aérosols pour l'étude du stress oxydant et des dysfonctionnements cardiométaboliques induits par l'inhalation de faibles niveaux de particules ultrafines de pesticides chez l'animal(2017)
Subjects: Trace element pollution, Atmospheric Science, Lichen biomonitoring, Multivariate analysis, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Pseudevernia furfuracea, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Pollution, Waste Management and Disposal, Enrichment factor
Abstract: International audience; This study established a comprehensive picture of airborne metal pollution in the industrial urbanized area of the East of Algiers (Algeria). Thalli of the epiphytic lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea were transplanted from a remote unpolluted forest (Theniet El-Had) to eighteen biomonitoring sites in the Rouiba−Reghaia region exhibiting contrasting anthropogenic activities, including the wooded Reghaia Nature Reserve. Thirty-three metals and rare earths, and Br in lichen thalli were determined after 3 months exposure by X-ray fluorescence and instrumental neutron activation analysis. All biomonitored element concentrations exhibited dramatic increases compared to the control region, and calculation of contamination factor index unveiled that Sb, Pb, Ti, V, Ce, La, Ga, Cr, Cs, Cu, and Cd had the highest contamination levels in almost all the study sites. The degree of ambient pollution was assessed using enrichment factor, pollution load index, cluster analysis, and principal components analysis. A multiple correspondence analysis showed Pb, Sb, and Ga to be highly enriched with heavy contamination in all study sites, even in the Reghaia Nature Reserve.
Published: 2023
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4. Biosorption of cationic and anionic dyes using the biomass of Aspergillus parasiticus CBS 100926T

Author: Abdeltif Amrane, Noureddine Bouras, Hadj Daoud Bouras, Ahmed RédaYeddou, Lidia Favier, Abdelmalek Chergui, Nadir Dizge, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université de Ghardaïa, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Mersin University, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Freundlich equation, Biomass, Coloring Agents, TD1-1066, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Phenol red, Aqueous solution, dye, biology, isotherms modelling, Biosorption, Langmuir adsorption model, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Aspergillus parasiticus, Congo red, aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus, chemistry, kinetics, symbols, Thermodynamics, Adsorption, 0210 nano-technology, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Methylene blue, Nuclear chemistry, biosorption
Abstract: Aspergillus parasiticus (A. parasiticus) CBS 100926T was used as a biosorbent for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB), Congo Red (CR), Sudan Black (SB), Malachite Green Oxalate (MGO), Basic Fuchsin (BF) and Phenol Red (PR) from aqueous solutions. The batch biosorption studies were carried out as a function of dye concentration and contact time. The biosorption process followed the pseudo-first-order and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models and the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The resulting biosorbent was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffractometer and Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The results of the present investigation suggest that A. parasiticus can be used as an environmentally benign and low cost biomaterial for the removal of basic and acid dyes from aqueous solution.
Published: 2021
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5. Virus replication and competition in a cell culture: Application to the SARS-CoV-2 variants

Author: L. Ait Mahiout, A. Mozokhina, A. Tokarev, V. Volpert, Laboratoire d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires et histoire des mathématiques [Alger], École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Peoples Friendship University of Russia [RUDN University] (RUDN), Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation multi-échelle des dynamiques cellulaires : application à l'hématopoïese (DRACULA), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lyon, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Modélisation mathématique, calcul scientifique (MMCS)
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]
Abstract: International audience; Viral replication in a cell culture is described by a delay reaction-diffusion system. It is shown that infection spreads in cell culture as a reaction-diffusion wave, for which the speed of propagation and viral load can be determined both analytically and numerically. Competition of two virus variants in the same cell culture is studied, and it is shown that the variant with larger individual wave speed outcompetes another one, and eliminates it. This approach is applied to the Delta and Omicron variants of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the cultures of human epithelial and lung cells, allowing characterization of infectivity and virulence of each variant, and their comparison.
Published: 2022
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6. Genotypic variability for tolerance to low soil phosphorus availability in faba bean ( Vicia faba L.)

Author: Samira Brahimi, Omrane Toumatia, Jean Jacques Drevon, Mohamed Lazali, Abdelghani Zitouni, Université de Djilali Bounaama Khemis Miliana (univ-DBKM), Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens - LBSM (Alger, Algeria), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (PRFU project (D04N01UN440120180001), and European Project: 618127,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-ERANET-2013-RTD,ARIMNET2(2014)
Subjects: nutrient efficiency, Physiology, nitrogen fixation, legumes, soil fertility, food and beverages, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, phosphorus, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Agronomy and Crop Science, faba bean
Abstract: International audience; The capacity of legumes to fix atmospheric dinitrogen in partnership with rhizobia provides an input-saving and resource-conserving alternative, thereby reducing the need for chemical fertilizers while enhancing overall crop productivity. However, low soil nutrient availability, notably phosphorus (P), is among the most nutrient limitations for legumes, since legume nodules responsible for N-2 fixation have a high P requirement. In order to explore the genetic variability for P uptake and use efficiency in low-P availability in soils, three faba bean genotypes namely Sidi Aich, Castel and Diva were studied in two field sites (S1 and S2) over two growing seasons 2018 and 2019. At flowering stage, plants were harvested and analyzed for their nodulation, growth, P content and yield. Results indicate that low-P availability in the soil of S1 significantly limited plant growth, nodulation, and grain yield for all genotypes though with highest extent for Diva and Castel. We found a significant correlation between nodule growth of all genotypes and Olsen-P content in the rhizosphere soil during two growing seasons. It is concluded that the genotypes selected for their P uptake and use efficiency had a higher yield and could best adapt to low-P availability under field conditions.
Published: 2022
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7. Experimental and theoretical study of a new pnictidehalide compound Hg12Sb6(Br5.186I6.814)

Author: Kheit, Messaoud, Merazka, Soumia, Kars, Mohammed, Gomez Herrero, Adrian, Roisnel, Thierry, Sidoumou, Mohamed, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene = University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), Université Saâd Dahlab Blida 1 (UB1), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Structure cristalline, Photocatalyse, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Diffraction des rayons X, Halogne pnicture, DFT
Abstract: International audience; Nous avons synthétisé le composé par la méthode de transport en phase vapeur. Sa structure est déterminée par diffraction des rayons X sur monocristal. L’analyse par UVvis en mode réflectance diffuse indique un gap optique de 2,1 eV. De plus, les tests photocatalytiques ont montré l’aptitude de à dégrader la rhodamine B sous la lumière du soleil. Les calculs ab initio utilisant le code CASTEP donnent un gap de 1,7 eV en bon accord avec celui trouvé expérimentalement.
Published: 2022
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8. Viral Infection Spreading and Mutation in Cell Culture

Author: Latifa Ait Mahiout, Bogdan Kazmierczak, Vitaly Volpert, Laboratoire d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires et histoire des mathématiques [Alger], École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Institute of Fundamental Technological Research (IPPT), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation multi-échelle des dynamiques cellulaires : application à l'hématopoïese (DRACULA), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lyon, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Peoples Friendship University of Russia [RUDN University] (RUDN), and Modélisation mathématique, calcul scientifique (MMCS)
Subjects: viral infection, mutation, cell culture, reaction-diffusion equations, time delay, General Mathematics, viruses, Computer Science (miscellaneous), QA1-939, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Engineering (miscellaneous), Mathematics
Abstract: A new model of viral infection spreading in cell cultures is proposed taking into account virus mutation. This model represents a reaction-diffusion system of equations with time delay for the concentrations of uninfected cells, infected cells and viral load. Infection progression is characterized by the virus replication number Rv, which determines the total viral load. Analytical formulas for the speed of propagation and for the viral load are obtained and confirmed by numerical simulations. It is shown that virus mutation leads to the emergence of a new virus variant. Conditions of the coexistence of the two variants or competitive exclusion of one of them are found, and different stages of infection progression are identified.
Published: 2022
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9. PARTIAL HOMOGENIZATION OF THE DIFFUSION EQUATION WITH A DIRAC-LIKE POTENTIAL

Author: Gregory P. Panasenko, Vitaly Volpert, Latifa Ait Mahiout, Laboratoire d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires et histoire des mathématiques [Alger], École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Modélisation mathématique, calcul scientifique (MMCS), Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation multi-échelle des dynamiques cellulaires : application à l'hématopoïese (DRACULA), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lyon, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Peoples Friendship University of Russia [RUDN University] (RUDN)
Subjects: Physics, Diffusion equation, Computer Networks and Communications, Control and Systems Engineering, Dirac-like periodic potential, Partial homogenization, Computational Mechanics, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Homogenization (chemistry), Mathematical physics
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020
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10. ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS ERINGEN'S NONLOCAL ELASTICA

Author: Cresson, Jacky, Hariz, Khaled, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications [Pau] (LMAP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger)
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Mathematics::Symplectic Geometry
Abstract: The Eringen's nonlocal elastica equation does not possess a Lagrangian formulation. In this article, we find a variational integrating factor which enables us to provide a Lagrangian and Hamiltonian structure associated to this equation. Explicit expressions of the solutions in term of elliptic integrals of the first kind are then deduced. We then derive discrete version of the Eringen's nonlocal elastica preserving the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian structure and compare it with Challamel's and co-worker definition of a discrete Eringen's nonlocal elastica.
Published: 2021

11. Biosorption characteristics of methylene blue dye by two fungal biomasses

Author: Ahmed Réda Yeddou, Lidia Favier, Noureddine Bouras, Hadj Daoud Bouras, Zelal Isik, Ezgi Bezirhan Arikan, Abdelmalek Chergui, Abdeltif Amrane, Nadir Dizge, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Mersin University, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Aspergillus carbonarius, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fungal biomass, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 021108 energy, Computers in Earth Sciences, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Aqueous solution, Ecology, Biosorption, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Penicillium glabrum, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, methylene blue, isotherms, Methylene blue, Nuclear chemistry, biosorption
Abstract: International audience; A novel approach has been tried to use both Aspergillus carbonarius (AC) and Penicillium glabrum (PG) fungi for the first time to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The biosorption was favoured using a biosorbent concentration of 0.33 g/L at pH 8.2. Biosorption kinetics were evaluated for different dye concentrations (5–25 mg/L). The resulting biosorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer and Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The maximum biosorption capacities of AC and PG for MB were 21.88 mg/g and 16.67 mg/g, respectively at 30°C. The results suggested that A. carbonarius and P. glabrum could be used as biosorbents for the effective removal of methylene blue from dye wastewater in terms of biosorption capacity, availability and low cost.
Published: 2021
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12. Existence and global behaviour of weak solutions to a doubly nonlinear evolution equation involving fractional p-Laplace operator

Author: Giacomoni, Jacques, Gouasmia, abdelhamid, Mokrane, Abdelhafid, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications [Pau] (LMAP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires et histoires des mathématiques, and École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger)
Subjects: [MATH]Mathematics [math], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

13. Homogenization of the diffusion equation with a singular potential for a model of a biological cell network

Author: Latifa Ait Mahiout, Grigory Panasenko, Vitaly Volpert, Laboratoire d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires et histoire des mathématiques [Alger], École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Modélisation mathématique, calcul scientifique (MMCS), Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation multi-échelle des dynamiques cellulaires : application à l'hématopoïese (DRACULA), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lyon, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Peoples Friendship University of Russia [RUDN University] (RUDN)
Subjects: Multicellular structure, Diffusion equation, Applied Mathematics, General Mathematics, Mathematical analysis, General Physics and Astronomy, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Biological tissue, Limiting, Nutrient consumption, 01 natural sciences, Homogenization (chemistry), Laplacian with Dirac’s potential, Quantitative Biology::Cell Behavior, 010101 applied mathematics, High contrast homogeneization, Nonlinear system, Biological cell, [MATH]Mathematics [math], 0101 mathematics, Mathematics
Abstract: The paper is devoted to a reaction-diffusion problem describing diffusion and consumption of nutrients in a biological tissue consisting of small cells periodically arranged in an extracellular matrix. Cells consume nutrients with a rate proportional to cell area and to nutrient concentration. The dependence on the nutrient concentration can be linear or nonlinear. The cells are modeled by a potential approximating the Dirac’s delta-function. The potential has a periodically distributed support of small measure. The problem contains two small parameters: the diameter of a cell and the distance between the cells (in comparison with the characteristic macroscopic size). In the multi-dimensional formulation assuming some restriction on the relation of parameters, we prove convergence of solution of this problem to the solution of a limiting homogenized problem. We show that the problem is non-homogenizable in classical sense if this restriction fails.
Published: 2020
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14. Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137, the first non-Streptomyces actinobacterium, produces holomycin after cystine feeding

Author: Rabiâa Merrouche, Amine Yekkour, Noureddine Bouras, Abdelghani Zitouni, Nasserdine Sabaou, Yannick Coppel, Florence Mathieu, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Ghardaia (ALGERIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie - INRAA (ALGERIE), Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination - LCC (Toulouse, France), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie (INRAA), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Monash University [Clayton], Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Dithiolopyrrolone antibiotics, Lactams, medicine.drug_class, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Matériaux, Antibiotics, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Antimicrobial activity, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Streptomyces, Actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, Holomycin, Anti-Infective Agents, Genetics, medicine, L-cystine, Molecular Biology, Escherichia coli, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Bacteria, biology, Bactériologie, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, Fungi, General Medicine, Antimicrobial, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Culture Media, 3. Good health, Staphylococcus aureus, Fermentation, Dithiolopyrrolone antibiotics - Holomycin - Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 - L-cystine - Antimicrobial activity, Cystine, Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137
Abstract: International audience; Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 is an actinobacterium isolated from Algerian Saharan soil. This strain has the ability to produce several dithiolopyrrolone antibiotic derivatives depending on the precursors added to the culture medium. This group of antibiotics is known for their potent antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Holomycin is a member of the dithiolopyrrolone group of antibiotics, and has already been isolated from several species of actinobacteria belonging to the genus Streptomyces and also from some Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, holomycin was produced for the first time in the culture broth of a non-Streptomyces actinobacteria. This antibiotic was induced by adding 5 mM of L-cystine as precursor to the semi-synthetic fermentation broth of Sa. algeriensis NRRL B-24137 and then fully identified after HPLC purification. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of holomycin were determined against several pathogenic microorganisms, including Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 Klebsiella pneumoniae CIP 82.91, Listeria monocytogenes CIP 82110, Staphylococcus aureus CIP 7625, Aspergillus carbonarius M333, Fusarium culmorum FC1, Candida albicans IPA 200. This antibiotic showed a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, inhibiting a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and micro-fungi.
Published: 2020
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15. Antimicrobial activities of novel bipyridine compounds produced by a new strain of Saccharothrix isolated from Saharan soil

Author: Abdelhadi Lahoum, Noureddine Bouras, Florence Mathieu, Christian Bijani, Selma P. Snini, Nasserdine Sabaou, Frédéric Pont, Gulli, Marie-Hélène, Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens - LBSM (Alger, Algeria), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Université de Ghardaïa, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Ghardaïa (ALGERIA), Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse - CRCT (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Saccharothrix xinjiangensis, medicine.drug_class, Stereochemistry, Microorganism, Antibiotics, Pharmaceutical Science, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Bipyridine, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Génie chimique, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Génie des procédés, Pharmacology, Caerulomycins, biology, Strain (chemistry), 010405 organic chemistry, lcsh:RM1-950, Carbon-13 NMR, [CHIM.COOR] Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, Antimicrobial compounds, Antagonistic activity, 0104 chemical sciences, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, chemistry, Cyanogrisides, Proton NMR, Bacteria
Abstract: The actinobacterium strain ABH26 closely related to Saccharothrix xinjiangensis, isolated from an Algerian Saharan soil sample, exhibited highly antagonist activity against Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi. Its ability to produce antimicrobial compounds was investigated using several solid culture media. The highest antimicrobial activity was obtained on Bennett medium. The antibiotics secreted by strain ABH26 on Bennett medium were extracted by methanol and purified by reverse-phase HPLC using a C18 column. The chemical structures of the compounds were determined after spectroscopic (1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY and 1H-13C HMBC spectra), and spectrometric (mass spectrum) analyses. Two new cyanogriside antibiotics named cyanogriside I (1) and cyanogriside J (2), were characterized along with three known caerulomycins, caerulomycin A (3), caerulomycin F (4) and caerulomycinonitrile (5). This is the first report of cyanogrisides and caerulomycins production by a member of the Saccharothrix genus. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these antibiotics were determined against pathogenic microorganisms. Keywords: Antagonistic activity, Antimicrobial compounds, Caerulomycins, Cyanogrisides, Saccharothrix xinjiangensis
Published: 2019
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16. Occurrence of ochratoxin A in Algerian wheat and its milling derivatives

Author: Elodie Choque, Amar Riba, Nasserdine Sabaou, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Florence Mathieu, hocine Reghioui, Salim Mokrane, Saliha Zebiri, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: Ochratoxin A, Flour, HPLC-FD, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, Toxicology, Wheat products, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Semolina, Food science, Common wheat, Génie des procédés, Mycotoxin, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Manufacturing process, Mycotoxins, 6. Clean water, 3. Good health, chemistry, Algeria
Abstract: International audience; To determine the concentrations of ochratoxin A in wheat, and its derivatives, 81 samples, including durum wheat (n = 27), common wheat (n = 12), semolina (n = 29) and flour (n = 13) were collected from regions of Algeria. The results showed that 62 of the 81 samples (76.54%), were contaminated with quantities of ochratoxin A ranging from 0.84 to 34.75 µg/kg. The results showed that 69.23% of wheat grains were contaminated with ochratoxin A (0.21–27.31 µg/kg). Ochratoxin A were detected both in semolina and flour manufacturing process (0.16–34.75 µg/kg). Ochratoxin A level seem to be a serious public health problem in Algeria.
Published: 2018
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17. Actinobacteria Associated with Vineyard Soils of Algeria: Classification, Antifungal Potential Against Grapevine Trunk Pathogens and Plant Growth-Promoting Features

Author: Akila Berraf-Tebbal, Abdelghani Zitouni, Amine Yekkour, Pascal Lecomte, Atika Meklat, Salim Mokrane, Patrice Rey, Nadjette Djemouai, Affaf Laassami Affaf Laassami, Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens - LBSM (Alger, Algeria), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Nocardiopsis, Maladie de la vigne, food.ingredient, Antifungal Agents, Farms, Context (language use), Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Streptomyces, Actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Ascomycota, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Botany, Vitis, Actinoplanes, Promicromonospora, Soil Microbiology, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Phéoacremonium minimum, Fungi, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, Maladie du bois de la vigne, Saccharopolyspora, Algérie, Paeomoniella chlamydospora, Algeria, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Microbial Interactions
Abstract: Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are among the most destructive diseases of vineyards worldwide, including Algeria. In the fungal complex involved in GTD symptoms, referred as grapevine trunk-pathogens, Paeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium minimum have a determining infecting role as pioneer fungi. Due to the lack of efficiency of conventional disease management practices, a search for alternative strategies, such as biocontrol, is needed. Taking the approach of looking for biocontrol candidates in the environment surrounding the plant, the present study explored actinobacteria diversity within vineyard soils of six grape-producing regions in Algeria. Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence, identification and phylogenic analysis were performed on the 40 isolates of actinobacteria obtained. Forty percent of strains were attached to Streptomyces, including two evidenced new species, and 32.5% were affiliated to Saccharothrix. The other less represented genera were Actinoplanes, Nocardia, Nocardiopsis, Lentzea, Nonomuraea, Promicromonospora, Saccharopolyspora and Streptosporangium. Screening based on antagonistic and plant growth promotion (PGP) abilities of the strains showed that 47.5% of the isolates exhibited appreciable antagonistic activities against both Pa. chlamydospora and Pm. minimum, with the two best strains being Streptomyces sp. Ms18 and Streptomyces sp. Sb11. Screening for plant growth promoting properties demonstrated that majority of the strains were able to produce indole acetic acid, siderophores, ammonia, ACC deaminase, cellulase and amylase, and fix N2. Through a PGP-traits-based cluster analysis, the most interesting strains were highlighted. Taking into account both antagonistic and PGP properties, Streptomyces sp Sb11 was selected as the most promising candidate for further evaluations of its efficiency in a GTDs context.
Published: 2020
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18. Circulating microparticles released during dyslipidemia may exert deleterious effects on blood vessels and endothelial function

Author: Ahsene Baz, M. Carmen Martinez, Abderahim Gaceb, Ramaroson Andriantsitohaina, M’hammed Amine Khene, M.E.F. Ousmaal, Lynda Ainouz, Jean Giaimis, Martinez, M. Carmen, Université d'Alger 1 (Benyoucef Benkhedda), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Démarche intégrée pour l'obtention d'aliments de qualité (UMR Qualisud), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Stress Oxydant et Pathologies Métaboliques (SOPAM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Démarche intégrée pour l'obtention d'aliments de qualité (UMR QualiSud), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Normal diet, ICAM-1, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Inflammation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Microparticles, Diet, High-Fat, Umbilical vein, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Cell-Derived Microparticles, Enos, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, skin and connective tissue diseases, Dyslipidemias, chemistry.chemical_classification, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Reactive oxygen species, Electrical impedance myography, biology, High-energy diet, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, biology.organism_classification, Endothelial stem cell, Disease Models, Animal, chemistry, Dyslipidemia, Psammomys obesus, Endothelium, Vascular, medicine.symptom, Gerbillinae, business
Abstract: International audience; Aims: To compare the bioactivity of circulating microparticles (MPs) isolated from dyslipidemic Psammomys obesus (P. obesus) fed a high-energy diet (HED) with those released from healthy P. obesus fed a normal diet (ND). Methods: Vascular reactivity of aortic rings was evaluated by myography, after 24 h incubation in the absence or in the presence of circulating MPs isolated, by differential centrifugations, from the plasma of animals subjected to HED (MPs HED) or ND (MPs ND) for 12 weeks. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated for 24 h with MPs HED or MPs ND animals and subjected to immunofluorescence staining of caveolin-1 (cav-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), F-actin and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. Results: The HED exerted a distinctly pronounced hyperlipidemic effect marked by plasmatic increase of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG). Both MPs ND and MPs HED induced a significant reduction of maximal relaxation induced by acetylcholine (ACh). Interestingly, MPs HED significantly decreased eNOS expression up to~25% and increased ROS production up to~75% on in vitro treated HUVECs. Moreover, in HUVECs, MPs HED significantly decreased cav-1 expression up to~50% whereas significant increase of ICAM-1 expression by about 2-fold approximately was observed. Conclusion: Our experimental study demonstrated the dual role of MPs on vascular function by modulating endothelial cell function. Furthermore, MPs may be considered as vectors of a bioactive information contributing to inflammation and vascular damage.
Published: 2020
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19. Some existence results for a quasilinear problem with source term in Zygmund-space

Author: Hamour, Boussad and École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger)
Subjects: existence, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], [MATH.MATH-FA]Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA], Quasilinear problems, Zygmund-space
Abstract: International audience; In this paper we study the existence of solution to the problem\begin{equation*}\left\{\begin{array}{l} u\in H_{0}^{1}(\Omega),\\[4pt]-\textrm{div}\,(A(x)Du)=H(x,u,Du)+f(x)+a_{0}(x)\, u\quad \text{in}\quad\mathcal{D}'(\Omega),\end{array}\right.\end{equation*}where $\Omega$ is an open bounded set of $\mathbb{R}^{2}$,$A(x)$ a coercive matrix with coefficients in$L^\infty(\Omega)$, $H(x,s,\xi)$ a Carath\'eodory functionsatisfying, for some $\gamma >0$,$$ -c_{0}\, A(x)\, \xi\xi\leq H(x,s,\xi)\,{\rm sign}(s)\leq \gamma\,A(x)\,\xi\xi \;\;\;{\rm a.e. }\; x\in \Omega,\;\;\;\forall s\in\mathbb{R},\;\;\; \forall\xi \in \mathbb{R}^{2}.$$Here $f$ belongs to $L^1(\log L^1)(\Omega)$ and $a_{0} \geq 0$ to $L^{q}(\Omega )$, $q>1$.For $f$ and $a_{0}$ sufficiently small, we prove the existence of at least one solution $u$ of this problem which is such that $e^{\delta_0 |u|} -1$ belongs to $H_{0}^{1}(\Omega)$ forsome $\delta_0\geq\gamma$ and satisfies an \textit{a priori} estimate.
Published: 2020
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20. Isolation, Classification and Antagonistic Properties of Alkalitolerant Actinobacteria from Algerian Saharan Soils

Author: Atika Meklat, Nadjette Djemouai, Hans-Peter Klenk, Florence Mathieu, Nasserdine Sabaou, Noureddine Bouras, Abdelghani Zitouni, Salim Mokrane, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université de Saâd Dahlab [Blida] (USDB ), Newcastle University [Newcastle], Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Saâd Dahlab Blida - USDB (ALGERIA), Newcastle University (UNITED KINGDOM), and Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Saharan soils, Microorganism, 030106 microbiology, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, Antimicrobial activity, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, complex mixtures, Actinobacteria, Agar plate, Numerical taxonomy, 03 medical and health sciences, Polyketide, Alkalitolerant actinobacteria, Botany, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Environmental Chemistry, Extreme environment, Génie chimique, Génie des procédés, Gene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Diversity, 16S ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, bacteria
Abstract: International audience; The Sahara, one of the most extreme environments on Earth, constitutes an unexplored source of alkalitolerant actinobacteria. In this work, we studied the diversity of alkalitolerant actinobacteria in various soils collected from different regions of the Algerian Sahara. A total of 29 alkalitolerant actinobacterial strains were isolated by using a complex agar medium. The diversity of these actinobacteria was evaluated using a polyphasic approach, which included morphological, chemotaxonomic, physiological (numerical taxonomy) and 16S rRNA gene analyses. The isolates which were assigned to the genus Nocardiopsis, shared relatively low 16S rRNA gene sequences similarities compared to closely related species suggesting that they belonged to putatively new species. All of the strains were tested for antibiotic activity against a broad range of microorganisms and screened for genes encoding polyketide synthases and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases and found to have the potential to produce secondary metabolites. Consequently, the study supports the view that extreme environments contain many novel actinobacteria, which represent an unexplored source for the discovery of biologically active compounds.
Published: 2020
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21. Noether’s-type theorems on time scales

Author: Baptiste Anerot, Khaled Hariz Belgacem, Jacky Cresson, Frédéric Pierret, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications [Pau] (LMAP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Conservation law, Pure mathematics, Group (mathematics), time scales, 010102 general mathematics, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Duality (optimization), Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, 01 natural sciences, Noether's theorem, 010101 applied mathematics, symbols.namesake, [MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], Homogeneous space, symbols, Calculus of variations, Nabla symbol, 0101 mathematics, discrete embedding formalism, Mathematical Physics, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; We prove a time scales version of the Noether theorem relating group of symmetries and conservation laws in the framework of the shifted and nonshifted ∆ calculus of variations. Our result extends the continuous version of the Noether theorem as well as the discrete one and corrects a previous statement of Bartosiewicz and Torres in [Z. Bartosiewicz and D.F.M. Torres, Noether's theorem on time scales, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 342(2):1220-1226, 2008]. This result implies also that the second Euler-Lagrange equation on time scales as derived by Bartosiewicz, Martins and Torres is in [Z. Bartosiewicz, N. Martins and D.F.M. Torres. The second Euler-Lagrange equation of variational calculus on time scales. Eur. J. Control 17 (2011), no. 1, 9-18]. Using the Caputo duality principle introduced in [C. Caputo, Time Scales: From Nabla Calculus to Delta Calculus and Vice Versa via Duality, International Journal of Difference Equations 2540, 2010], we provide the corresponding Noether theorem on time scales in the framework of the shifted and nonshifted ∇ calculus of variations. All our results are illustrated with numerous examples supported by numerical simulations.
Published: 2020
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22. Polyphasic characterization of Aspergillus section Flavi isolated from animal feeds in Algeria

Author: Salim Mokrane, Amar Riba, Nasserdine Sabaou, Florence Mathieu, Atika Meklat, Karima Bouti, Nadjette Djemouai, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Cranfield University, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Saâd Dahlab [Blida] (USDB ), Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie des Organismes (LBPO), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes (UMBB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes - UMBB (ALGERIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Saâd Dahlab Blida - USDB (ALGERIA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene - USTHB (ALGERIA), Cranfield University (UNITED KINGDOM), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), and Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie des Organismes - LBPO (Algiers, Algéria)
Subjects: Aspergillus alliaceus, Aflatoxin, Veterinary medicine, Aspergillus flavus, Biology, calmodulin gene (CaM), Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Aflatoxins, Animal feeds, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Génie chimique, heterocyclic compounds, Internal transcribed spacer, Mycotoxin, Génie des procédés, skin and connective tissue diseases, Aspergillus section Flavi, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Polyphasic identification, 0303 health sciences, Aspergillus, Flavi d'Aspergillus, 030306 microbiology, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, Aspergillus parasiticus, chemistry, Algeria, Parasitology, Cyclopiazonic acid, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; In Algeria, little information is available on the population structure of Aspergillus section Flavi in raw materials and resultant animal feeds. A total of 172 isolates belonging to Aspergillus section Flavi were recovered from 57 animal feeds and identified on the basis of macro and micro‐morphological characters, mycotoxin production and genetic relatedness. For the molecular analysis, sequencing of the calmodulin gene (CaM) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were performed for representative isolates. Four distinct morphotypes were distinguished: Aspergillus flavus (78.5%), Aspergillus tamarii (19.2%), Aspergillus parasiticus (1.7%), and Aspergillus alliaceus (0.6%). All A. flavus isolates were of the L type and no correlation between sclerotia production and aflatoxigenicity was observed. Our results showed that 68% of the A. flavus strains produced aflatoxins B (AFB), and 72.7% were cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) producers. The three isolates of A. parasiticus were able to produce AFB and aflatoxins G but not CPA whereas, all the strains of A. tamarii produced only CPA. The obtained results revealed the presence of different species of Aspergillus section Flavi, among which were aflatoxin producers. This study provides evidence useful for considerations in aflatoxin control strategies.
Published: 2019
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23. A new dithiolopyrrolone antibiotic triggered by a long fermentation of Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 in sorbic acid-amended medium

Author: Florence Mathieu, Amine Yekkour, Rabiaa Merrouche, Abdelghani Zitouni, Yannick Coppel, Ahmed Lebrihi, Nasserdine Sabaou, Noureddine Bouras, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie (INRAA), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Ghardaïa, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Ghardaia (ALGERIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie - INRAA (ALGERIE), Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination - LCC (Toulouse, France), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Antifungal, Sorbic acid, Saccharothrixalgeriensis, medicine.drug_class, Saccharothrix, Chemical structure, long fermentation, Antibiotics, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Antimicrobial activity, Gram-Positive Bacteria, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Biosynthesis, Algeriensis, Anti-Infective Agents, 010608 biotechnology, medicine, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Pyrroles, Génie des procédés, 0303 health sciences, Long fermentation, antimicrobial activity, biology, dithiolopyrroloneantibiotics, 030306 microbiology, Fungi, Dithiolopyrrolone, biology.organism_classification, Sorbic Acid, 3. Good health, Actinobacteria, chemistry, Biochemistry, Fermentation, Saccharothrix algeriensis, Bacteria
Abstract: Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 is an actinobacterium isolated from Algerian Saharan soil. It produces bioactive compounds belonging to the dithiolopyrrolone class of antibiotics, which are characterized by the possession of a unique pyrrolinonodithiole nucleus. Dithiolopyrrolones are known for their strong antibacterial and antifungal activities. This class of antibiotics generated great interest after the discovery of their anticancer properties. In this study, an antibiotic named PR11, produced after a long bacterial fermentation (11 days) in sorbic acid-containing culture broth, was characterized as a new dithiolopyrrolone derivative. After HPLC analysis and purification, the chemical structure of this antibiotic was determined by 1 H- and 13 C-nuclear magnetic resonance, mass and UV-visible data. PR11 was thus characterized as an iso-hexanoyl-pyrrothine, a novel dithiolopyrrolone derivative. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the new induced antibiotic were determined against several pathogenic micro-organisms. A moderate to strong activity was noted against all Gram-positive bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts tested. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Given the strong activities of dithiolopyrrolones against diverse prokaryotic and eukaryotic micro-organisms including potent selective-anticancer activity, the discovery of new-related derivatives draw continuous attention for therapeutic research. Depending on nature and concentration of added precursor, Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 produce several dithiolopyrrolone coumpounds. In this study, sorbic acid addition combined to long fermentation duration was shown to induce the biosynthesis of a novel dithiolopyrrolone derivative. After purification and full spectroscopic and spectrometric study, the compound was characterized as iso-hexanoyl-pyrrothine. In the future investigation for novel dithiolopyrrolone discovery, fermentation duration should be regarded as a key parameter as well.
Published: 2019
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24. First data on the seasonal diet of the vulnerable Gazella cuvieri (Mammalia: Bovidae) in the Djebel Messaâd forest, northern Algeria

Author: Stéphane Aulagnier, Farid Bounaceur, Naceur Benamor, Mounia Baha, Université Ibn Khaldoun de Tiaret = University of Tiaret, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Centre Universitaire Ahmed Ben Yahia al-Wancharissi - Tissemsilt, Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biodiversité et Ecologie, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, 010607 zoology, Endangered species, Bovidae, Cistus libanotis, Gazella cuvieri, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Shrub, Biodiversity and Ecology, feeding ecology, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Stipa tenacissima, biology, ved/biology, faecal analysis, Cuvier’s gazelle, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Agronomy, Forb, Animal Science and Zoology, Stipa, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; A good knowledge of food resource utilization is essential to understand how most wild ungulates meet their seasonal requirements in order to improve conservation of endangered taxa. Using faecal sampling, the diet of Gazella cuvieri has was investigated in the Djebel Messaâd Mountain (M’sila Province, Algeria) from September 2013 to August 2014. A microhistological analysis method revealed that gazelles ate 29 species of plants during the year. The grass Stipa tenacissima and the shrub Artemisia herba alba were the major food items throughout the year. The highest diversity was recorded in spring (17 taxa) despite a large consumption of Helianthemum lippii, the lowest in a dry summer (nine species), including the major consumption of the shrubs Phillyrea media and Thymus algeriensis, together with Artemisia herba alba, Stipa tenacissima and Stipa parviflora. An average relative numerical abundance of 50.5 % of the diet comprised shrubs and trees, mainly including A. herba alba, T. algeriensis and Cistus libanotis. Grasses and forbs accounted for 29.4 % and 20.1 % respectively. Based on this study, this gazelle species can be classified as an intermediate feeder (i.e. browser-grazer).
Published: 2019
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25. Mzabimycins A and B, novel intracellular angucycline antibiotics produced by Streptomyces sp. PAL114 in synthetic medium containing L-tryptophan

Author: Frédéric Pont, Florence Mathieu, Christian Bijani, Noureddine Bouras, Samira Tata, Adel Aouiche, Nasserdine Sabaou, Université de Ghardaïa (ALGERIA), Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse - CRCT (Toulouse, France), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens - LBSM (Alger, Algeria), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Ghardaïa, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Synthetic medium, medicine.drug_class, Stereochemistry, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, Pharmaceutical Science, medicine.disease_cause, Streptomyces, High-performance liquid chromatography, 03 medical and health sciences, Listeria monocytogenes, medicine, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Mycelium, Pharmacology, biology, Chemistry, lcsh:RM1-950, Angucycline antibiotics, Tryptophan, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial compounds, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteria, L-Tryptophan
Abstract: In our previous studies, the production of four bioactive molecules by Streptomyces sp. PAL114 in complex ISP2 broth medium has been described. Three of these molecules belong to the angucycline family. In this study, two novel antibiotics belonging to the same family were produced by strain PAL114 on M2 synthetic medium containing L-tryptophan as precursor. These antibiotics, named mzabimycins A and B, were intracellular and produced only in the presence of L-tryptophan. After four days of culturing PAL114 in the M2 medium, the bioactive compounds were extracted from mycelium with methanol and then analyzed by HPLC on reverse phase C18 column. Two active purplish blue fractions were purified. The chemical structures of these molecules were determined on the basis of spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses (1H and 13C NMR, and mass spectra). They were identified to be novel angucycline derivative antibiotics. The pure molecules showed activity against some pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria which have multiple antibiotic resistance, such as Staphylococcus aureus MRSA 639c and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 13932. Keywords: Antimicrobial compounds, Angucycline antibiotics, L-Tryptophan, Synthetic medium, Streptomyces
Published: 2019
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26. Some existence results for a quasilinear problem with source term in Zygmund-space

Author: Hamour, Boussad and École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger)
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], [MATH.MATH-FA]Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA]
Abstract: International audience; In this paper we study the existence of solution to the problem\begin{equation*}\left\{\begin{array}{l} u\in H_{0}^{1}(\Omega),\\[4pt]-\textrm{div}\,(A(x)Du)=H(x,u,Du)+f(x)+a_{0}(x)\, u\quad \text{in}\quad\mathcal{D}'(\Omega),\end{array}\right.\end{equation*}where $\Omega$ is an open bounded set of $\mathbb{R}^{2}$,$A(x)$ a coercive matrix with coefficients in$L^\infty(\Omega)$, $H(x,s,\xi)$ a Carath\'eodory functionsatisfying, for some $\gamma >0$,$$ -c_{0}\, A(x)\, \xi\xi\leq H(x,s,\xi)\,{\rm sign}(s)\leq \gamma\,A(x)\,\xi\xi \;\;\;{\rm a.e. }\; x\in \Omega,\;\;\;\forall s\in\mathbb{R},\;\;\; \forall\xi \in \mathbb{R}^{2}.$$Here $f$ belongs to $L^1(\log L^1)(\Omega)$ and $a_{0} \geq 0$ to $L^{q}(\Omega )$, $q>1$.For $f$ and $a_{0}$ sufficiently small, we prove the existence of at least one solution $u$ of this problem which is such that $e^{\delta_0 |u|} -1$ belongs to $H_{0}^{1}(\Omega)$ forsome $\delta_0\geq\gamma$ and satisfies an \textit{a priori} estimate.
Published: 2019
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27. Statistical Machine Translation: Application to low resourced languages

Author: Harrat, Salima, Statistical Machine Translation and Speech Modelization and Text (SMarT), Department of Natural Language Processing & Knowledge Discovery (LORIA - NLPKD), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), École Supérieure d’Informatique, Kamel Smaïli, Khaled-Walid Hidouci, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: PADIC, Code-Switching, Traduction de dialectes arabes, Machine translation for Arabic dialects, Algerian dialect' resources, Modèles statistiques de traduction, Statistical Machine Translation, Ressources pour le dialecte algérien, [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL]
Abstract: This work is dedicated to statistical machine translation for poorly resourced languages. We are interested in Arabic dialects which represent the daily language of all Arab peoples. These dialects differ from one Arab country to another and even in the same country several variations of dialects coexist. These dialects by their oral nature and non-standard represent a challenge in NLP. In machine translation, these dialects are difficult to translate because of the lack of resources (of all natures) in particular the monolingual and especially parallel corpora necessary for training. In this thesis, we are interested by this issue with particular attention to the Algerian dialect and more precisely to the Algiers dialect. A parallel multi-dialect PADIC corpus (for Parallel Arabic Dialect Corpus) has been created, this is a textual resource important which includes, so far, six Arabic dialects in addition to Modern Standard Arabic. This corpus was the subject of an analytical study to highlight the relationship between dialects (between them) and Standard Arabic. By means of the corpus PADIC, we tackled the problem of statistical machine translation between the different dialect pairs and Standard Arabic. Several results have been obtained and all point to the difficulty of translating dialects. In addition, several tools dedicated to the Algiers dialect have been produced in the framework of this thesis. The problem of code-switching was also discussed where an identification tool was implemented using techniques of "Machine Learning".; Le présent travail s’articule autour de la traduction automatique statistique dans le cadre des langues peu dotées en ressources. On s’intéresse aux dialectes arabes qui représentent le parlé quotidien de tous les peuples arabes. Ces dialectes différent d’un pays arabe à un autre et même dans un même pays on constate l’existence de plusieurs variantes de dialectes. Ces dialectes de par leur nature orale et non-standard représentent un défi pour le domaine de traitement automatique des langues. Dans le cadre précis de la traduction automatique statistique, ces dialectes sont difficiles à prendre en charge à cause de l’absence de ressources (de toutes natures) notamment les corpus monolingues et surtout parallèles nécessaires pour l’apprentissage des différents modèles statistiques. Dans cette thèse, on s’intéresse à cette problématique avec une attention particulière au dialecte algérien et plus précisément le dialecte algérois. Un corpus parallèle multi-dialecte PADIC (pour Parallel Arabic Dialect Corpus) a été créé, il s’agit d’une ressource textuelle importante qui comprend, jusqu’à présent, six dialectes arabes en plus de l’arabe standard. Ce corpus a fait l’objet d’une étude analytique pour mettre en relief la relation entre les dialectes (entre eux) et l’arabe standard. Au moyen du corpus PADIC, on s’est attaqué au problème de la traduction automatique statistique entre les différentes paires de dialectes et l’arabe standard. Plusieurs résultats ont été obtenus et vont tous dans le sens de la difficulté de la traduction des dialectes. Par ailleurs, plusieurs outils dédiés au dialecte algérois ont été réalisés dans le cadre de cette thèse. Le problème du code-switching a été aussi abordé au cours de ce travail où un outil d’identification a été mis en œuvre grâce aux techniques du « Machine Learning ».
Published: 2018

28. Effective biosynthesis of benzoyl-pyrrothine dithiolopyrrolone antibiotic by cinnamic acid-precursor addition in culture of Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137

Author: Rabiaa Merrouche, Abdelghani Zitouni, Nasserdine Sabaou, Noureddine Bouras, Lynda Lamari, Amine Yekkour, Florence Mathieu, Ahmed Lebrihi, Yannick Coppel, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Ghardaïa, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Ghardaïa (ALGERIA), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Dithiolopyrrolone antibiotics, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, medicine.drug_class, Stereochemistry, Antibiotics, macromolecular substances, Saccharothrix algeriensis, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Antimicrobial activity, Gram-Positive Bacteria, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Cinnamic acid, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Minimum inhibitory concentration, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Biosynthesis, 010608 biotechnology, Actinomycetales, medicine, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Génie des procédés, 0303 health sciences, biology, Strain (chemistry), 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, Fungi, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, Pyrrolidinones, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Culture Media, Cinnamates, Fermentation, Precursor, Bacteria
Abstract: Dithiolopyrrolone antibiotics, produced by several micro-organisms, are known for their strong antimicrobial and antitumor activities. Among of this micro-organisms, Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137, a rare actinobacterium, has the ability to produce several dithiolopyrrolones derivatives depending on precursors added in the culture medium. After 10 days of strain fermentation on semi-synthetic medium supplemented with cinnamic acid and HPLC purification, biosynthesis of benzoyl-pyrrothine dithiolopyrrolone was evidenced through complete spectroscopic (UV-visible and 1H and 13C NMR) and spectrometric (electron impact mass spectrum) analyses. The pure molecule showed appreciable minimum inhibitory concentration values against several Gram-positive bacteria and filamentous fungi. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Dithiolopyrrolone antibiotics, known for their strong antimicrobial activities, gained greater interest after the discovery of their antitumor properties. Depending on precursors added, Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 has the ability to produce several dithiolopyrrolones derivatives. Since biological activities of dithiolopyrrolones are related to their variable structure, discover of new natural analogues to be therapeutically explored remains a significant framework of research. In this study, a new dithiolopyrrolone derivative was purified from the fermentation broth of S. algeriensis NRRL B-24137. This new antibiotic, characterized as benzoyl-pyrrothine dithiolopyrrolone, was induced by adding cinnamic acid, as precursor, to a semi-synthetic medium.
Published: 2018
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29. Essential oils composition of different Achillea santolina L. plant parts growing in Algeria

Author: Mohamed Yousfi, Abdelghani Zitouni, Tayeb Berramdane, Isabelle Bombarda, Nadhir Gourine, Université Amar Telidji - Laghouat, Laboratoire de Produits Bioactifs et Valorisation de la Biomasse, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire d'Instrumentation et Sciences Analytiques (LISA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sousse (ENISo)
Subjects: Leaves, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Achillea santolina, Flowers, Asteraceae, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Camphor, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Horticulture, chemistry.chemical_compound, Achillea santolina L, Complementary and alternative medicine, chemistry, Essential oils, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Stems, Composition (visual arts), Cineole
Abstract: International audience; The essential oils (EOs) of leaves, flowers and stems of Achillea santolina L. (Asteraceae) collected at complete flowering stage from Southwest of Algeria, were isolated by hydrodistillation and subsequently analyzed by means of GC and GC/MS. Quantitative and qualitative differences in chemical compositions between the studied parts of this plant were observed. The EOs were rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (65.91–79.94%). The major constituents in the flowers, leaves and stems were: camphor (68.12, 65.17, 55.72%), 1,8-cineole (8.22, 4.77, 0.7%) and α-terpineol (2.84, 5.35, 2.76%). The highest EO yields were obtained for the leaves and the flowers (0.59 and 0.49% “v/w”, respectively), whereas, the stems were characterized by very weak yield value (0.05%).
Published: 2018
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30. Rapid extraction of volatile compounds from Citrus fruits using a microwave dry distillation

Author: Ferhat, Mohamed-Amine, Boukhatem, M.N., Hazzit, M., Chemat, Farid, Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Bioactifs et la Valorisation de la Biomasse (LPBVB), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Département de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Saâd Dahlab [Blida] (USDB ), Département de Technologie Alimentaire, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique d'Alger, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Citrus, activité anti-microbienne, lemon, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], solvent free microwave extraction (sfem), citron, cold pressing, hydrodistillation, Microwave extraction, microwave-accelerated distillation (MAD), Essential oil, pressage froid, Hydrodistillation, Cold pressing, volatile oils, extraction, huile essentielle
Abstract: Three different extraction methods were used for a comparative study of essential oil (EO) from fresh Citrus peels: Traditional hydrodistillation (HD), cold pressing (CP) and innovative microwave ‘dry’ distillation or microwave-accelerated distillation (MAD). The microwave process offers significant advantages over conventional alternatives, viz. shorter distillation period (30 min vs. 3 h for hydrodistillation and 1 h for cold pressing); better yields (0.24% vs. 0.21% for HD and 0.054% for CP); environmental impact (energy charge is noticeably superior for performing HD and for mechanical motors (CP) than that necessary for quick MAD assay); cleaner features (as no remains creation and no solvent or water used); raises antibacterial properties ; and offers a more precious EO (with high amounts of oxygenated compounds).Keywords: Microwave extraction; Hydrodistillation; Cold pressing; Essential oil; Citrus
Published: 2018
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31. The use of an agricultural waste material from Ziziphus jujuba as a novel adsorbent for humic acid removal from aqueous solutions

Author: André Donnot, André Merlin, Michael D. Holtz, Oumessaâd Benturki, Noureddine Bouras, Hadj Daoud Bouras, Mouloud Attou, Fatima Addoun, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Centre de Recherche Nucléaire de Draria (CRND), Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Université de Lorraine (UL), and Field Crop Development Centre (FCDC)
Subjects: Langmuir, Activated carbon, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Ziziphus jujuba, symbols.namesake, Adsorption kinetics, Adsorption, Oxidation, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Organic chemistry, Humic acid, Freundlich equation, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemistry, Langmuir adsorption model, Sorption, Microporous material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, symbols, 0210 nano-technology, medicine.drug, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract: The purpose of our work is the development of a local agricultural waste biomass material, Ziziphus jujuba known as Nebka (NB), into activated carbons to remove humic acid (HA) from aqueous solutions. This was further treated with nitric acid solutions. The surface characteristics of the adsorbent were calculated using the standard Brunauer-Emmet-Teller method (BET). The microstructures of the samples were observed with scanning electron micrographs. Chemical characterization of the samples was carried out by selective titrations and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). On the basis of the BET results, we have obtained the best microporous activated carbon oxidized (surface area of 970 m(2)/g, microporous volume of 0.170 cm(3)/g and total pore volume of 0326 cm(3)/g). Adsorption studies were conducted using a batch process, to study the effects of contact time, pH and temperature. The pH dependent sorption of HA was found maximum at pH range 4-6 for an initial concentration of 50 mg/L. The equilibrium adsorption data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and the kinetic data was analyzed using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. The equilibrium data were well fitted to the Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption reached equilibrium after 300 mm and the maximum adsorption capacity was about 76.92 mg/g at 20 degrees C according to the Langmuir model. The adsorption kinetic was found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption of HA onto oxidized activated carbons was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic at 20-40 degrees C.
Published: 2015
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32. A novel hydroxamic acid-containing antibiotic produced by a Saharan soil-livingStreptomycesstrain

Author: Abdelghani Zitouni, Rafik Errakhi, Amine Yekkour, Nasserdine Sabaou, Florence Mathieu, Ahmed Lebrihi, Atika Meklat, Omrane Toumatia, Christian Bijani, Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens - LBSM (Alger, Algeria), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie (INRAA), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Moulay Ismail (UMI), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie - INRAA (ALGERIE), Université Moulay Ismaïl de Meknès (MOROCCO), Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination - LCC (Toulouse, France), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Chemical structure, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Antimicrobial activity, Hydroxamic Acids, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Streptomyces, Actinobacteria, Microbiology, Soil, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal, Yeasts, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Génie des procédés, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Soil Microbiology, Taxonomy, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Hydroxamic acid, Bacteria, biology, 030306 microbiology, Structure elucidation, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Bioactive compound, Anti-Bacterial Agents, chemistry, Biochemistry, Algeria
Abstract: During screening for potentially antimicrobial actinobacteria, a highly antagonistic strain, designated WAB9, was isolated from a Saharan soil of Algeria. A polyphasic approach characterized the strain taxonomically as a member of the genus Streptomyces. The strain WAB9 exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity toward various multidrug-resistant micro-organisms. A PCR-based assay of genomic potential for producing bioactive metabolites revealed the presence of PKS-II gene. After 6 days of strain fermentation, one bioactive compound was extracted from the remaining aqueous phase and then purified by HPLC. The chemical structure of the compound was determined by spectroscopic (UV-visible, and (1)H and (13)C NMR) and spectrometric analysis. The compound was identified to be 2-amino-N-(2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl)-N-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanamide, a novel hydroxamic acid-containing molecule. The pure molecule showed appreciable minimum inhibitory concentration values against a selection of drug-resistant bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts. Significance and impact of the study: This study presents the isolation of a Streptomyces strain, named WAB9, from a Saharan soil in Algeria. This strain was found to produce a new hydroxamic acid-containing molecule with interesting antimicrobial activities towards various multidrug-resistant micro-organisms. Although hydroxamic acid-containing molecules are known to exhibit low toxicities in general, only real evaluations of the toxicity levels could decide on the applications for which this new molecule is potentially most appropriate. Thus, this article provides a new framework of research.
Published: 2015
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33. Chemical composition and biological activities of n-butanol extract of Lepidium sativum L (Brassicaceae) seed

Author: Ait-yahia, Ouahiba, Perreau, François, Bouzroura, Samia-Aichouche, Benmalek, Yamina, Dob, Tahar, Belkebir, Aicha, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediène, Partenaires INRAE, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), and École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger)
Subjects: Kaempferol, Antibacterial, Lepidium sativum, Quercetin, Kaempferol, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Quercetin, Antioxidant, Lepidium sativum
Abstract: International audience; Purpose: To investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant properties and antibacterial effects of n-butanol extract of Lepidium sativum (Brassicaceae) seed. Methods: The antioxidant activity of extracts of the seed obtained by maceration was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, and 13-caroten/linoleic acid assays. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was tested against five strains of pathogenic microorganisms, viz, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Enterococcus feacalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25992 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27852. Its phytochemical composition was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results: A total of 17 compounds were identified by LC-MS, among which four compounds were kaempferol-hexose-rhamnose and three derivatives of kaempferol-rhamnose-hexose (benzoyl hexose) were previously unknown. The extract had better antioxidant than antibacterial properties. Conclusion: These results indicate that n-butanol extract of Lepidium sativum seeds possesses good antioxidant properties which are most likely due to the presence of quercetin and kaempferol. Thus, these compounds account for the use of Lepidium sativum in traditional medicine.
Published: 2018
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34. Biocontrol and plant-growth-promoting capacities of actinobacterial strains from the Algerian Sahara and characterisation of Streptosporangium becharense SG1 as a promising biocontrol agent

Author: Florence Mathieu, Nasserdine Sabaou, Fawzia Chaabane Chaouch, Abdelghani Zitouni, Miyada Zamoum, Nassira Boukaya, Yacine Goudjal, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université Amar Telidji - Laghouat, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Amar Telidji - Laghouat (ALGERIA), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Siderophore, 030106 microbiology, plant-growth-promotion, Actinobacteria, Crop, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Dry weight, Root rot, Fusarium culmorum, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, biocontrol, Génie des procédés, 2. Zero hunger, biology, food and beverages, durum wheat, biology.organism_classification, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Insect Science, Seed treatment, Shoot, Streptosporangium becharense strain SG1, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: International audience; Sixteen actinobacterial strains isolated from various ecological niches in the Algerian Sahara were screened for their biocontrol potential in root rot disease caused by Fusarium culmorum and their promotion of durum wheat growth. All actinobacteria were studied for in vitro antagonistic activity and plant-growth-promotion traits, for the production of cyanhydric acid, siderophores, chitinases and indole-3-acetic acid, and for the solubilisation of inorganic phosphate. Strongly antagonistic actinobacteria were selected for the biocontrol of F. culmorum in vivo and for the growth promotion of durum wheat plants in autoclaved and non-autoclaved soils. The Streptosporangium becharense strain SG1 exhibited remarkable positive results in all trials. Compared to untreated wheat seeds, the root rot severity index was decreased significantly (P
Published: 2018
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35. Implication of regional brain serotonergic neurons in dorsal and median Raphé nuclei in adaptation to water lacking in Gerbillus tarabuli

Author: Houari Boukersi, Nemcha Lebaili, Sylvie Granon, Nathalie Samson, Laboratoire d'écobiologie animale, école normale supérieure, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université Hassiba Ben Bouali de Chlef (UHBC), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Dorsal Raphe Nucleus, Male, Serotonin, Median raphe nucleus, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, 5-HT, Dehydratation, Cell Count, Serotonergic, 5-hydroxytryptamine, Midbrain Raphe Nuclei, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Dorsal raphe nucleus, Animals, Gerbillus tarabuli, 5-HT receptor, biology, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Water Deprivation, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, biology.organism_classification, Adaptation, Physiological, Immunohistochemistry, 030104 developmental biology, nervous system, Raphe Nuclei, Desert Climate, Raphe nuclei, Gerbillinae, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Serotonergic Neurons
Abstract: International audience; The objective of this work was to investigate the implication of serotonin (5-HT) produced in the dorsal and medial raphé nuclei (DRN and MRN) in water homeostasis in desert animal Gerbillus tarabuli. For that, we measured the density of 5-HT immunolabeled neurons in hydrated and dehydrated animals (over 1 and six months). In this work, 5-HT positive neurons showed some change in shape and colour intensity in dehydrated gerbils comparing with hydrated gerbils. Furthermore a differential increase of 5-HT neurons density was observed in DRN subregions and in MRN following 1 and 6 months of dehydration. This study suggested that neurons in DRN and MRN contain 5-HT in various amounts, thus allowing an adapted response to hydration status. These neurons could mediate one of the adaptation mechanisms of this animal to its desert biotope.
Published: 2017
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36. Development of formulations based on Streptomyces rochei strain PTL2 spores for biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani damping-off of tomato seedlings

Author: Nasserdine Sabaou, Abdelghani Zitouni, Florence Mathieu, Miyada Zamoum, Yacine Goudjal, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université Amar Telidji - Laghouat, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Amar Telidji - Laghouat (ALGERIA), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Siderophore, Damping off, Hydrogen cyanide, Tomato, Rhizoctonia solani, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Powder and pellets formulations, Génie des procédés, 2. Zero hunger, biology, fungi, food and beverages, Biocontrol, biology.organism_classification, Spore, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Agronomy, Insect Science, Seed treatment, Panicum turgidum, Shoot, Streptomyces rochei strain PTL2, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: International audience; Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most problematic soil-borne pathogenic fungi for several crop cultures worldwide. This study highlights the effectiveness of high-antagonistic Streptomyces rochei strain PTL2, isolated from root tissues of Panicum turgidum, in controlling the R. solani damping-off and growth promotion of tomato (cv. Marmande) seedlings. The isolate PTL2 was characterised for in vitro biocontrol and plant growth-promoting traits. It exhibited remarkable positive results in all trials, including production of hydrogen cyanide, siderophores, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase and phytohormones, chitinolytic activity and inorganic phosphate solubilisation. PTL2 spores were formulated as wettable talcum powder, sodium alginate pellets and sodium alginate-clay pellets. Their abilities in the biocontrol of R. solani and plant growth promotion were investigated in autoclaved and non-autoclaved soils. Talcum powder and sodium alginate pellets significantly reduced the damping-off severity index compared to a positive control. The talcum powder exhibited the highest protective activity, reducing the disease incidence from 89.3% to 14.1%, whereas chemical seed treatment with Thiram® provided a disease incidence of 16.7%. Furthermore, the talc-based powder formulation resulted in greatest increases in the root length, shoot length and dry weight of seedlings. The interesting biocontrol potential and growth enhancement of tomato seedlings open up promising perspectives for the possible application of talcum powder formulation based on PTL2 spores in crop improvement.
Published: 2017
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37. On problems in the calculus of variations in increasingly elongated domains

Author: Amira Mokrane, Hervé Le Dret, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), and École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger)
Subjects: General Mathematics, media_common.quotation_subject, asymp- totic behavior, MSC 2010: 35J25, 35J35, 35J62, 35J92, 49J45, 74K99, 01 natural sciences, Set (abstract data type), Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Calculus, domains becoming unbounded, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], asymptotic behavior, exponential rate of convergence, 0101 mathematics, Mathematics, Energy functional, media_common, Sequence, Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Mathematical analysis, Infinity, 010101 applied mathematics, Calculus of variations, Minification, Constant (mathematics)
Abstract: We consider minimization problems in the calculus of variations set in a sequence of domains the size of which tends to infinity in certain directions and such that the data only depend on the coordinates in the directions that remain constant. We study the asymptotic behavior of minimizers in various situations and show that they converge in an appropriate sense toward minimizers of a related energy functional in the constant directions.
Published: 2017

38. Taxonomy of mycelial actinobacteria isolated from Saharan soils and their efficiency to reduce aflatoxin B1 content in a solid-based medium

Author: Florence Mathieu, Nasserdine Sabaou, Abdelhadi Lahoum, Noureddine Bouras, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Cranfield University (UNITED KINGDOM), Université de Ghardaïa (ALGERIA), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens - LBSM (Alger, Algeria), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Cranfield University, and Université de Ghardaïa
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Nocardiopsis, Aflatoxin, food.ingredient, 030106 microbiology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Streptomyces, Actinobacteria, Mycelial actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, food, Mycology, Botany, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Actinomadura, Génie des procédés, Mycelium, Taxonomy, biology, 16S ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, Aflatoxin B1 decontamination, Molecular identification
Abstract: International audience; Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a carcinogenic compound produced by filamentous fungi. In order to reduce AFB1 occurrence in foodstuffs, 13 strains of mycelial actinobacteria were tested in vitro for the efficacy to reduce AFB1 content; all were isolated from the Saharan soils of Algeria. Firstly, morphological study and molecular analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene, indicated that these strains belong to Actinomadura, Nocardiopsis, Nonomuraea, Saccharothrix and Streptomyces genera. Secondly, each strain’s efficacy to reduce pure AFB1 content was studied in ISP2-medium. After a 4-day incubation at 30°C on AFB1-supplemented medium (5 ppm of AFB1), AFB1 was extracted and quantified. AFB1 content was reduced by all strains (42.9–97.6%). The three most efficient reducers (94.9–97.6%) were two strains belonging to the genus Streptomyces and one to the genus Saccharothrix. Among the latter, strains ACD6 and ABH19 showed no adsorption mechanism involved, suggesting a potential degradation mechanism. These findings led us to suggest that these actinobacterial strains could be used as decontamination treatments for the reduction of AFB1 content.
Published: 2017
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39. Ternary feldspar thermometry of Paleoproterozoic granulites from In-Ouzzal terrane (Western Hoggar, southern Algeria)

Author: K. Lacene, Bénédicte Cenki-Tok, Zouhir Adjerid, A. Benbatta, Kh. Ouzegane, Abderrahmane Bendaoud, USTBH, Alger, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger)
Subjects: Hoggar, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, UHT metamorphism, Archean, Metamorphic rock, Geochemistry, Metamorphism, Geology, Orogeny, Context (language use), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Feldspar, Granulite, Paleoproterozoic, 01 natural sciences, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, In Ouzzal terrane, Feldspar thermometry, Petrology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Terrane
Abstract: International audience; The In Ouzzal terrane in western Hoggar (Southern Algeria) preserves evidence of ultrahigh temperature (UHT) crustal metamorphism. It consists in Archean crustal units, composed of orthogneissic domes and greenstone belts, strongly remobilized during the Paleoproterozoic orogeny which was recognized as an UHT event (peak T > 1000 °C and P ≈ 9–12 kbar). This metamorphism was essentially defined locally in Al-Mg granulites, Al-Fe granulites and quartzites outcropping in the Northern part of the In Ouzzal terrane (IOT).In order to test and verify the regional spread of the UHT metamorphism in this terrane, ternary feldspar thermometry on varied rock types (Metanorite, Granulite Al-Mg and Orthogneiss) and samples that crop out in different zones of the In Ouzzal terrane. These rocks contain either perthitic, antiperthitic or mesoperthitic parageneses. Ternary feldspars used in this study have clearly a metamorphic origin.The obtained results combined with previous works show that this UHT metamorphism (>900 °C) affected the whole In Ouzzal crustal block. This is of major importance as for future discussion on the geodynamic context responsible for this regional UHT metamorphism.
Published: 2017
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40. Production of vineomycin A1 and chaetoglobosin A by Streptomyces sp. PAL114

Author: Abdelghani Zitouni, Christian Bijani, Adel Aouiche, Florence Mathieu, Atika Meklat, Nasserdine Sabaou, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Chemical Structure Bioactive compounds, Chemical Structure, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, biology, Chaetoglobosin A, Bacillus subtilis, Chaetomium, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Streptomyces, Bioactive compounds, Microbiology, Actinobacteria, Calonectria, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Vineomycin A1, Penicillium, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Génie des procédés, Candida albicans
Abstract: International audience; An actinobacteria strain PAL114, isolated from a Saharan soil in Algeria, produces bioactive compounds. Morphological and chemical studies indicated that this strain belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed a similarity level of 99.8 % with S. griseoflavus LMG 19344T, the most closely related species. Two bioactive compounds, named P44 and P40, were extracted by dichloromethane from the cell-free supernatant broth and were purified by HPLC. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the compounds were determined against pathogenic and toxigenic microorganisms, most of which are multiresistant to antibiotics. The P40 fraction showed a strong activity especially against Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus and has lower MIC values than those of P44 against most microorganisms tested. Chemical structures of compounds were determined based on spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses (UV-visible, mass, 1H, and 13C NMR spectra). The compounds P44 and P40 were identified as vineomycin A1 and chaetoglobosin A, respectively. Vineomycin A1 is known to be produced by some Streptomyces species. However, chaetoglobosin A is known to be produced only by fungi belonging to the genera Chaetomium, Penicillium, and Calonectria. This is the first time that chaetoglobosin A, known for its antimicrobial, anticancer, and cytotoxic effects, is reported in prokaryotes.
Published: 2014
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41. Taxonomy and chemical characterization of new antibiotics produced by Saccharothrix SA198 isolated from a Saharan soil

Author: Abdelghani Zitouni, Christian Bijani, Dalila Boubetra, Ahmed Lebrihi, Nasserdine Sabaou, Florence Mathieu, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Moulay Ismail (UMI), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Moulay Ismaïl de Meknès (MOROCCO), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: Saccharothrix, medicine.drug_class, Molecular Sequence Data, Antibiotics, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Antimicrobial activity, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Africa, Northern, Phylogenetics, Actinomycetes, Actinomycetales, medicine, Génie chimique, Phylogeny, Soil Microbiology, Taxonomy, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Bacteria, biology, 030306 microbiology, 16S ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Taxonomy (biology), Saccharothrix species, Soil microbiology
Abstract: International audience; Actinomycete strain SA198, isolated from a Saharan soil sample of Algeria, exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and phytopathogenic and toxinogenic fungi. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain were consistent with those of the genus Saccharothrix. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SA198 showed a similarity level ranging between 97.2 and 98.8% within Saccharothrix species, S. australiensis being the most closely related. Two new active products were isolated by reverse HPLC using a C18 column. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS), infrared (IR), mass, and 1Hand 14C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra showed that these products were new bioactive compounds. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of these antibiotics showed a strong activity against fungi and moderate activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Published: 2013
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42. Endophytic actinomycetes from spontaneous plants of Algerian Sahara: indole-3-acetic acid production and tomato plants growth promoting activity

Author: Abdelghani Zitouni, Mustapha Barakate, Florence Mathieu, Nasserdine Sabaou, Yacine Goudjal, Omrane Toumatia, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), University of Cadi Ayyad - UCAM (MOROCCO), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Physiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Endophytic actinomycetes, Biology, DNA, Ribosomal, Tomato Marmande, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Streptomyces, Indole-3-acetic acid, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Africa, Northern, Solanum lycopersicum, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Botany, Endophytes, Cluster Analysis, Génie chimique, Nerve Growth Factors, Ribosomal DNA, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Indoleacetic Acids, Strain (chemistry), 030306 microbiology, food and beverages, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Medicine, Plants, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, Yeast, Actinobacteria, Streptomyces plicatus, chemistry, Germination, Algeria, Plant growth promotion, Desert Climate, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; Twenty-seven endophytic actinomycete strains were isolated from five spontaneous plants well adapted tothe poor sandy soil and arid climatic conditions of the Algerian Sahara. Morphological and chemotaxonomical analysis indicated that twenty-two isolates belonged to the Streptomyces genus and the remaining five were non- Streptomyces. All endophytic strains were screened for their ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in vitro on a chemically defined medium. Eighteen strains wereable to produce IAA and the maximum production occurred with the Streptomyces sp. PT2 strain. The IAA produced was further extracted, partially purified and confirmed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic studies indicated that strain PT2 was closely related to Streptomyces enissocaecilis NRRL B 16365T, Streptomyces rochei NBRC 12908T and Streptomyces plicatus NBRC 13071T, with 99.52 % similarity. The production of IAA was affected by cultural conditions such as temperature, pH, incubation period and L-tryptophan concentration. The highest level of IAA production (127 lg/ml) was obtained by cultivating the Streptomyces sp. PT2 strain in yeastextract-tryptone broth supplemented with 5 mg L-tryptophan/ ml at pH 7 and incubated on a rotary shaker(200 rpm) at 30°C for 5 days. Twenty-four-hour treatment of tomato cv. Marmande seeds with the supernatant culture of Streptomyces sp. PT2 that contained the crude IAA showed the maximum effect in promoting seed germination and root elongation.
Published: 2013
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43. Efficiency of Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 and its produced antifungal dithiolopyrrolones compounds to suppress fusarium oxysporum-induced wilt disease occurring in some cultivated crops

Author: Abdelghani Zitouni, Lynda Lamari, Florence Mathieu, Amine Yekkour, Nasserdine Sabaou, Rabiâa Merrouche, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie (INRAA), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie - INRAA (ALGERIE), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Antifusarium activity, Biological pest control, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Vascular wilt fungi, Actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.SA.STA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of agriculture, Fusarium oxysporum, Infestation, medicine, Génie chimique, Génie des procédés, Gram, Wilt disease, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Strain (chemistry), Dithiolopyrrolones, Antibiosis, food and beverages, Biocontrol, biology.organism_classification, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137
Abstract: International audience; Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 (SA) is a well-studied actinobacterium strain for its ability to produce numerous bioactive dithiolopyrrolone derivatives with appreciable antifungal properties. Our study aimed to investigate the possible usefulness of SA and its produced compounds to control several formae speciales of Fusarium oxysporum, which affect different important crops. Such is the case of F. oxysporum f. sp. lini (FOLi), F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis (FOLe), F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (FOC) and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOLy) which cause devastating wilt to flax, lentil, chickpea and tomato, respectively. Antagonistic properties of the strain SA have been primarily evaluated in vitro. This screening showed the significant antifusarium activity of the actinobacteria strain against FOLi, FOC, FOLe and FOLy. Consecutively, strain SA and FOLi soil development has been assessed. The SA soil treatment permitted an important decrease (threefold) in the FOLi infestation. Moreover, the actinobacteria soil density seemed maintained after 7-week treatment at an appreciable level of 44×106 CFU/gram of dry soil (gds). Through different pot experiments, soil pre-treatment with the SA strain significantly reduced the disease incidence of FOLi, FOLe, FOC and FOLy by 71.0, 73.3, 61.2 and 59.7%, respectively. However, the treatment with pure dithiolopyrrolones appeared less effective with about 50% of FOLi disease impact reduction, which thus suggested the involvement of more than direct antibiosis in the whole SA biocontrol performance. Globally, significant correlation between the in vitro antagonistic properties of SA and its capacity to reduce the disease occurrence (r=0.81, P≤0.05) has been highlighted.
Published: 2017
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44. Rhizobial diversity associated with the spontaneous legume Genista saharae in the northeastern Algerian Sahara

Author: Philippe de Lajudie, Khaled Chaich, Souhir Soussou, Noureddine Bouras, Lucette Maure, Abdelkader Bekki, Michael D. Holtz, Brigitte Brunel, Jean Claude Cleyet-Marel, Laboratoire Génie de l’eau et de l’Environnement en Milieu Saharien, Université de Ouargla, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences, University of Oran Es-Sénia [Oran], École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Université de Ghardaïa, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Field Crop Development Centre (FCDC), Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Fertil'Innov Environnement, University of Oran Es-Senia [Oran] | Université d'Oran Es-Senia [Oran], and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, phylogénétique, sol, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, algérie, Shrub, stabilisation du sol, Spontaneous legume, caractérisation génétique, N-2-fixation, genista saharae, biology, soil stabilization, Mesorhizobium, legume, genêtic variation, spontaneous legume, fixation de l'azote, Sinorhizobium, diversité génétique, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Algerian Sahara, food.ingredient, 030106 microbiology, Drought tolerance, housekeeping genes, Genista saharae, légumineuse, soil, dune, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Botany, Genetic variation, Genetic diversity, Housekeeping genes, desertization, sahara, préservation de l'environnement, ved/biology, rhizobial diversity, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, 030104 developmental biology, Neorhizobium, Rhizobial diversity, désertification, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Genista saharae is an indigenous shrub legume that spontaneously grows in the northeastern Algerian Sahara. It is known for efficient dune fixation and soil preservation against desertification, due to its drought tolerance and its contribution to sustainable nitrogen resources implemented by biological N-2-fixation. In this study, the root nodule bacteria of G. saharae were investigated using phenotypic and phylogenetic characterization. A total of 57 rhizobial strains were isolated from nodules from several sites in the hyper-arid region of Metlili and Taibet (east Septentrional Sahara). They all nodulate G. saharae species but they differed in their symbiotic efficiency and effectiveness. The genetic diversity was assessed by sequencing three housekeeping genes (atpD, recA and 16S rRNA). The majority of isolates (81 %) belonged to the genus Ensifer (previously Sinorhizobium), represented mainly by the species Ensifer meliloti. The next most abundant genera were Neorhizobium (17 %) with 3 different species: N. alkalisoli, N. galegae and N. huautlense and Mesorhizobium (1.75 %) represented by the species M. camelthorni. Most of the isolated strains tolerated up to 4%(w/v) NaCl and grew at 45 degrees C. This study is the first report on the characterization of G. saharae microsymbionts in the Algerian Sahara.
Published: 2017
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45. Exploiting Social Annotations to Generate Resource Descriptions in a Distributed Environment: Cooperative Multi-Agent Simulation on Query-Based Sampling

Author: Zakaria Saoud, Antoine Doucet, Samir Kechid, Mahmoud Saoud, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire Informatique, Image et Interaction - EA 2118 (L3I), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)
Subjects: Service (systems architecture), Computer science, Process (engineering), Resource description, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL], Task (project management), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Resource (project management), [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Information retrieval, [INFO.INFO-DL]Computer Science [cs]/Digital Libraries [cs.DL], [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Social network, Distributed Computing Environment, business.industry, Bookmarking, 05 social sciences, Principal (computer security), 050301 education, [INFO.INFO-TT]Computer Science [cs]/Document and Text Processing, [INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], business, 0503 education
Abstract: International audience; In distributed information retrieval, resource descriptions play a principal role in facilitating the task of other processes such as the resource selection process and the merging process. The previous approach for acquiring resource descriptions was based on different techniques to improve the retrieval process, but they have many limitations. In this paper, we describe a new approach for acquiring precise resource descriptions, based on social annotations available in the social bookmarking service.
Published: 2017
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46. Hoggar geochronology: a historical review of published isotopic data

Author: Sabiha Talmat-Bouzeguela, Khadija Bouzid, Bernard Bonin, Rekia Kheloui, Hamid Bechiri, Faten Bechiri-benmerzoug, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Center for Scientific and Technical Research on Arid Regions (CRSTRA )
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Paleozoic, Archean, Geochemistry, Metamorphism, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Anatexis, 01 natural sciences, Thermochronology, Batholith, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Geochronology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Terrane
Abstract: A dataset of more than 400 isotopic ages on the Hoggar Shield, published from 1963 to 2017, was obtained by increasingly precise isotopic dating techniques and low-temperature thermochronology. Data were arranged by eras and terranes and classified in two categories “before 1980” and “after 1980”. They illustrate the protracted geological history of the Hoggar Shield. The first continental nuclei were formed 3.5–2.5 Ga ago during the Archean, with high-grade metamorphic and associated magmatic episodes. A second group of continental terranes was created 2.40–1.75 Ga ago during the Paleoproterozoic, with Eburnean orogenic episodes marked by reworking of older Archean terranes associated with juvenile terranes. After the 1.80–0.90 Ga long period of quiescence, the 870–540 Ma Neoproterozoic times were characterized by Pan-African episodes, with early overthrusting of eclogitic nappes and late strike-slip movements along north-south trending shear zones, high-grade metamorphism and anatexis, emplacement of large granitoid batholiths followed by complexes of the Taourirt igneous suite. Cambrian hydrothermal activity evidences either a slow cooling process, or more likely discrete thermal pulses. After scarce Carboniferous mafic magmatism, the Mesozoic and the beginning of the Cenozoic constituted a period of quiescence marked by subsidence and burial after the Early Cretaceous. Low-temperature chronology records episodes of alternating subsidence and exhumation. Widespread Eocene exhumation predated volcanic activity beginning in the Late Eocene and continuing until recent times, in association with Africa–Europe convergence processes.
Published: 2017
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47. Saccharothrix hoggarensis sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from Saharan soil

Author: Florence Mathieu, Abdelghani Zitouni, Cathrin Spröer, Ahmed Lebrihi, Noureddine Bouras, Dalila Boubetra, Nasserdine Sabaou, Peter Schumann, Hans-Peter Klenk, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Leibniz-Institut Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zelllkulturen GmBH - DSMZ (GERMANY), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Saccharothrix, Sequence analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Actinomycetales, Botany, Saharan soil, Saccharothrix hoggarensis, Phylogeny, Soil Microbiology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Phylogenetic tree, Strain (chemistry), Actinomycete, 030306 microbiology, Science des sols, Fatty Acids, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Medicine, Ribosomal RNA, 16S ribosomal RNA, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Microbiologie et Parasitologie, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Algeria, Desert Climate, Soil microbiology
Abstract: An actinomycete, designated SA181T, was isolated from Saharan soil in the Hoggar region (south Algeria) and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the isolate were consistent with the genus Saccharothrix , and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that strain SA181T was a novel member of the genus Saccharothrix . DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain SA181T and its closest phylogenetic neighbours, the type strains of Saccharothrix longispora , Saccharothrix texasensis and Saccharothrix xinjiangensis , were clearly below the 70 % threshold. The genotypic and phenotypic data showed that the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Saccharothrix , for which the name Saccharothrix hoggarensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain SA181T ( = DSM 45457T = CCUG 60214T).
Published: 2013
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48. Oligomycins A and E, major bioactive secondary metabolites produced by Streptomyces sp. strain HG29 isolated from a Saharan soil

Author: Hans-Peter Klenk, Frédéric Pont, Christian Bijani, Noura Khebizi, Hadjira Boudjella, Florence Mathieu, Nasserdine Sabaou, Noureddine Bouras, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Ghardaïa (ALGERIA), Newcastle University (UNITED KINGDOM), Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse - CRCT (Toulouse, France), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Université de Ghardaïa, School of Biology [Newcastle], Newcastle University [Newcastle], Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biology [Newcastle upon Tyne], Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Antifungal Agents, 030106 microbiology, Médecine humaine et pathologie, Secondary Metabolism, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Streptomyces, High-performance liquid chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Soil, Africa, Northern, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Génie chimique, Food science, Antifungal activity, Oligomycins, Génie des procédés, Phylogeny, Soil Microbiology, Taxonomy, Minimal inhibitory concentrations, Phylogenetic tree, biology, Chemistry, Fungi, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, In vitro, Streptomyces gancidicus, Infectious Diseases, Algeria, Fermentation
Abstract: International audience; An actinobacterial strain, HG29, with potent activity against pathogenic, toxigenic and phytopathogenic fungi was isolated from a Saharan soil sample of Algeria. On the basis of morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the strain was classified in the genus Streptomyces. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed a similarity level of 99.3% with Streptomyces gancidicus NBRC 15412T. The comparison of its cultural and physiological characteristics with this species revealed significant differences. Moreover, the phylogenetic tree showed that strain HG29 forms a distinct phyletic line within the genus Streptomyces. Production of antifungal activity was investigated by following kinetics in shake broth. The highest antifungal activity was obtained after five days of fermentation, and in the dichloromethane extract. Two active compounds, NK1 and NK2, were purified by HPLC using a C18 column. Their chemical structures were identified through nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and mass spectrometry as oligomycins E and A, respectively, which have not been reported to be produced by S. gancidicus. The two bioactive compounds exhibited significant antifungal activity in vitro, showing minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values between 2 and 75μg/mL.
Published: 2016
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49. Parallel Solutions of Linear Systems

Author: loumi, amine, Kaber, Sidi-Mahmoud, Parnaudeau, Philippe, École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Kaber, Sidi-Mahmoud
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-DC] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], [MATH.MATH-NA] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: International audience; Optimizing solvers for linear systems is a major challenge in scientific computation.Indeed computational scientifics would like to have the more accurate result in a shorter time.To achieve this, a well-knowledge of the computer science is necessary, not only in term of programmation paradigms, but also in order to follow the evolution of hardware. With the advent of new computers, we have to rewrite the numerical algorithms or create new ones to fully use the parallel architecture of the computers.Parallel space discretisations of Partial Differential Equations (PDE), like Domain Decomposition Methods (DDM) are efficient and well documented methods. At a first glance, parallelisation seems to be inconsistent with the time evolution which is inherently sequential. In fact, parallelisation is not limited to the space direction. The time direction is also a candidate for parallelisation. In this paper we present a new and simple method for time parallelization. This solver is based on partial fraction decomposition of the inverse of some special matrices. We discuss its application for PDE as well as its limitations. Numerical experiments are given.
Published: 2016

50. Actinomadura adrarensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Saharan soil

Author: Hans-Peter Klenk, Peter Schumann, Noureddine Bouras, Carol Verheecke, Abdelhadi Lahoum, Cathrin Spröer, Florence Mathieu, Nasserdine Sabaou, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Leibniz-Institut Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zelllkulturen GmBH - DSMZ (GERMANY), Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba (ALGERIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Ghardaïa (ALGERIA), Newcastle University (UNITED KINGDOM), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens - LBSM (Alger, Algeria), École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger), Université de Ghardaïa, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), and Newcastle University [Newcastle]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, DNA, Bacterial, 030106 microbiology, Actinomadura, Diaminopimelic Acid, Microbiology, Actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Africa, Northern, Genus, Cell Wall, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Botany, Actinomycetales, Saharan soil, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Génie des procédés, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Mycelium, Phospholipids, Phylogeny, Soil Microbiology, Actinomadura adrarensis sp. nov, Base Composition, biology, Strain (chemistry), Fatty Acids, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Vitamin K 2, General Medicine, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, Bacterial Typing Techniques, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Bacterial diversity, Corallina, Algeria, Polyphasic taxonomy, Diaminopimelic acid
Abstract: During our investigations of new actinobacterial taxa, a novel actinobacterial strain, designated MB20T, was isolated from a Saharan soil sample, collected in the Mzab region (Ghardaia province, southern Algeria). In order to reveal its taxonomic position, the novel strain was characterized following a polyphasic taxonomic approach. It was noticed that strain MB20T produced white, branched and fragmented substrate mycelium with no aerial mycelium on most of the media tested. Chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic studies clearly demonstrated that strain MB20T belonged to the family Pseudonocardiaceae and was closely related to the genus Actinophytocola. Cell-wall hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid but not glycine, and whole-cell hydrolysates contained galactose, glucose and ribose. The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. Mycolic acids were not detected while the predominant fatty acid was found to be iso-branched hexadecanoate (iso-C16 : 0). The major menaquinone was MK-9(H4). Results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that strain MB20T shared the highest degree of similarity with Actinophytocola gilvus DSM 45828T (98.5 %), Actinophytocola corallina DSM 45659T (98.0 %) and Actinophytocola timorensis DSM 45660T (97.5 %). However, DNA-DNA hybridization studies showed only 32.9 % similarity with A. timorensis, 23.7 % similarity with A. gilvus and 17.9 % similarity with A. corallina. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and DNA-DNA hybridization, strain MB20T was revealed to be a representative of a novel species of the genus Actinophytocola, for which the name Actinophytocola algeriensis sp. nov. (type strain MB20T =DSM 46746T =CECT 8960T) is proposed.
Published: 2016
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