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Copyright of Journal of Linguistic Research / Dilbilim Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Bogazici University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The relationship between environmental elements and design, which is clearly taken into account in traditional buildings, and its semantic and formal aesthetics are ignored in today's buildings. Many of the new structures are designed without considering environmental conditions. An example of this is the lack of aesthetics in the housing structures produced in the Rahva region of Bitlis with the rapid population growth. The aim of this study is to examine the environmental factors and the aesthetic approach on the facades of the houses in the Rahva region, which is a new settlement, and to determine the problem of whether these facades are aesthetically pleasing to the users. The aim of the study is to analyze the visual perception of the residential building facades on the user in the Rahva region, where the new settlement is formed in Bitlis, within the framework of the environmental factors of the structural formation and in the context of aesthetic criteria, and to evaluate the obtained data in terms of design criteria in line with the user's preferences. It is aimed to be used in the design and shaping of new buildings to be built by adhering to the natural environmental factors and aesthetic shaping parameters of Bitlis. Within the scope of the study, the necessary literature review was made. Information about housing structures from relevant institutions and organizations, on-site survey-analysis examinations, visual documentation and survey applications in the new texture were made. SPSS data analysis program was used to evaluate the survey data. The data obtained contributed to the design and evaluation of architectural products to be built in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bu çalışma, Norduz kuzularının doğum ağırlığına cinsiyet, doğum tipi, ana yaşı, doğum yılı ve doğum ayının etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, kuzuların doğum ağırlığı ile ananın doğumdaki ağırlığı arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığı da değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Hayvancılık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Müdürlüğü bünyesinde 2021-2023 yılları arasında yetiştirilen toplam 196 Norduz kuzusunun doğum ağırlıkları ile analarının doğumdaki ağırlıklarına ait kayıtlar kullanılmıştır. Kuzuların ortalama doğum ağırlığı 4,28±0,85 kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kuzuların doğum ağırlığına doğum tipinin ve doğum yılının etkisi istatistiki olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Ancak, doğum ağırlığına cinsiyet, ana yaşı ve doğum ayının etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, Norduz kuzularının doğum ağırlığı ile analarının doğumdaki ağırlığı arasında önemli düzeyde pozitif korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tek doğan kuzuların doğum ağırlığının ikiz doğanlara göre daha ağır olduğu ve 2021 yılında doğan kuzuların, 2022 ve 2023 yıllarında doğanlara göre daha yüksek doğum ağırlığına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, plant species diversity in Black pine, Red pine, Crimean juniper and oak forests in Dursunbey (Balıkesir) district was associated with some environmental variables and stand characteristics. Diversity calculations were performed at alpha, beta and gamma levels by using alternative indices (Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Whittaker) and numerical transformations. According to the results of linear correlations and modeling analysis, alpha plant diversity was found to be higher in the forests where black pine (Pinus nigra), red pine (Pinus brutia), and juniper (Juniperus excelsa) species are dominant compared to oaks. In addition, the valley or canyon landforms contributed significantly to the alpha species diversity in these forests. Alternative scales used in the study caused significant differences in beta diversity. In the calculations made according to the data of 4 sub-samples of 20x20m, beta diversity was found to be the highest in oak forests, whereas in the data obtained from the main sample areas of 100x100m, on the contrary, the lowest beta diversity was calculated in oak forests and the highest in black pine forests. The degree of the canopy of the stands made a significant difference in beta diversity. Beta diversity is highest in discontinuous stands (1-10%), and the lowest in full canopy stands (71-100%). The most significant environmental variable for beta diversity was elevation. Changing climatic conditions and geomorphological heterogeneity due to the increase in elevation in the forests of the district have led to an increase in beta diversity. No statistically significant relationship was found between environmental variables and gamma diversity.

Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Burn trauma is an important health problem especially in children who are mostly the affected group as they are not fully capable of protecting themselves from injuries. The aim of this study is to present the clinical features of preschool pediatric burn patients treated in our tertiary reference burn center and highlight the main factors leading to burn injury. Material and Methods: This study was conducted between 1 January 2021 and 30 June 2021 in our tertiary burn center. A total of 123 patients at preschool age who were hospitalized are included in this cross-sectional study. The clinical features, burn etiology and the environmental factors leading to burn injury were obtained from patient files, hospital registry and face to face interviews with parents of hospitalized children. Results: The mean age of the study population was 2.40±1.3 years. The etiology of burn was mainly scalds (%87.8) followed by flame (%10.6) and electrical burns (%1.6). Among the patients 81 (%65.9) of them were living in urban area, 32 (%26) in rural area and 10 (%8.1) in tents or refugee camps. The household population was 5.53±2.3. The children were not alone (%84.6) during the burn injury and in %54.5 of cases the kitchen was the place of injury. Conclusion: Overcrowded conditions were prominent among the patients. Although there was an adult nearby at the time of injury there was lack of supervision by the caregiver. The burns are likely to occur in the kitchen where unsafe cooking and dining on the floor takes place. Therefore preventive strategies are required to imply the importance of simple safety measures for safe cooking and dining if the children cannot be kept away from the kitchen

Copyright of Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations and various behavioral disorders. Affecting approximately 1% of the world's population, schizophrenia not only affects patients, but also other members of the society. Genetic and environmental factors play roles in the etiology of the disorder. Genetics, neurodevelopmental disorder, drug use, urban life, alone or together can be counted as the factors that cause the disorder. Despite increasing studies in recent years, the factors causing the formation of schizophrenia have not been fully clarified and more research is needed. Although genetic factors are risk factors for schizophrenia, it is thought that some environmental factors affect the emergence of the disorder. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate gene functions without changing the nucleotide sequence of DNA. DNA methylation is associated with schizophrenia, and methylation status studies have been conducted in many schizophrenia candidate genes. Examination of DNA methylation states will contribute significantly to psychiatric research. In this review, data published in global databases obtained from DNA methylation studies related with schizophrenia are summarized and their importance in schizophrenia is briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of Accounting & Finance Reviews / Muhasebe ve Finans İncelemeleri Dergisi is the property of Muhasebe & Finans Incelemeleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Previous research suggests that the perceived safety is a complex phenomenon affected by various factors such as crime rates, physical and social characteristics of the neighborhood, police satisfaction and trust in law enforcement, individual differences, and social capital. The aim of this study is to address the knowledge gap regarding factors affecting perceived safety by examining the impact of satisfaction on perceived safety in terms of law enforcement satisfaction, neighborhood satisfaction, and fear of crime. The quantitative analysis (Mann-Whitney U, Kurskal Wallis H and Structural Equation Modelling) of a survey conducted in Istanbul suggested that neighborhood satisfaction has a stronger impact on perceived safety when compared to law enforcement satisfaction. Documenting that instrumental factors (success in preventing and combatting crime) affect law enforcement satisfaction more than normative factors (kind treatment by law enforcement and the sufficient number of police-gendarmerie personnel) is another novel contribution of our study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Landscapes are composed of diverse units that associate with each other, and these units have different functions both in ecology and physiognomy. Thus, evaluating landscape character plays an important role for conserving bio-diversity, as well as spatial planning and management of habitats and landscapes. Determining and analyzing environmental factors is an important part of assessing the conservation value of landscape types. For its ecological value, stone pine, botanical name Pinus pinea L. was chosen to be evaluated according to the environmental parameters in this research, because of its scattered distribution around the Mediterranean basin. Although P. pinea L. does not have a widespread distribution, it is naturally found in five regions of Turkey. This research was conducted in three provinces (Muğla, Denizli, and Aydın), located in western Anatolia. Maps representing different classes of soil, geology, aspect, and slope were overlaid in ArcMap 10.5, and characterized by Landscape Character Assessment (LCA). A total of 309 character types were determined, according to tree species composition, represented by 4 variants of the P. pinea L. community. To assess fragmentation among 34 different stands, landscape metrics were calculated using Fragstats v4.2 software. Potential range for regenerating stone pine stands was suggested in this paper, which can be considered as habitat corridors providing connectivity between mature stands. Spatial variation in bird species composition, reflecting wildlife richness, was evaluated as evidence for forest fragmentation.

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Social Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Journal of Art & Design is the property of Online Journal of Art & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nowadays, organizations give importance to environmental and social factors as well as economic factors in order to meet the needs of customers. The performance evaluation of the chain, defined as sustainable supply chain management, requires a holistic approach. In this context, in this study, a conceptual framework has been developed by considering economic, environmental and social factors in order to evaluate sustainable supply chain performance. The conceptual framework includes both qualitative and quantitative factors. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was used to calculate the relative importance weights of the factors. Total performance level was determined by weighted scoring method. Operational costs and environmental costs were identified as the most important factors, and the total sustainable supply chain management performance of the organization operating in the furniture industry was calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between June 2012 and May 2013, some physico-chemical parameter analyzes of water samples taken from 5 stations selected from strategic points of Kadın Azmağı Creek were analyzed in the Laboratory of Basic Sciences Department of Fisheries Faculty of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University. Results of the study were determined as: water temperature (14.71-23.12°C), pH (6.70-8.10), electrical conductivity (3867-46779 µScm-1), salinity (3.00-30.90%o), dissolved oxygen (6.14-8.72 mgl-1), chlorophyll-a (0.0085-0.0098 mgl-1), BOD5 (0.68-2.52 mgl- 1), nitrate nitrogen (2.03-5.03 mgl-1), ammonia nitrogen (0.11-1.03 mgl-1) and ortho-phosphate (0.04-0.28 mgl-1). As a result, the most important environmental factors that pollute the Kadın Azmağı Creek on a seasonal basis have been identified as tourism and agricultural activities, restaurants operating along the rivers, secondary residences, apartments, wastewater and daily tour boats. At the same time, these physico-chemical analysis data were evaluated according to the Inland Water Resources Control Regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marmaris Bay is in the area where the southwest corner of Turkey meets the Mediterranean Sea and Aegean Sea. It is a semi-enclosed bay and one of the popular tourism destinations of Turkey. To understand the spatial and temporal variation of water quality in the bay, this study was carried out between May 2011 and April 2012. Seven points were strategically selected and selected physico-chemical parameters in water samples were measured monthly. The ranges of these parameters found as (BDL: below detection limit); temperature: 14.31 to 27.16°C, pH: 7.40-8.93, dissolved oxygen: 4.20-8.50 mgL-1, electrical conductivity: 52.160-59.540 µScm-1, salinity: 34.34-39.84�, nitrite nitrogen: BDL-0.50 mgL-1, nitrate nitrogen: BDL-30.00 mgL-1, ammonium nitrogen: BDL-2.50 mgL-1, phosphate ion: BDL-4.00 mgL-1, and chlorophyll-a: 0.03-2.44 mgL-1. The results revealed that deterioration in water quality and pollution occurred mostly during the peak period of tourism in summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Internal Medicine / Türkiye Klinikleri İç Hastalıkları Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Artan gemi büyüklüğü ve gemi trafiğinin, limanlardaki manevra emniyeti açısından römorkör kuvvetlerine etkisini belirterek römorkör kuvvetlerinin, kullanılacak römorkör sayılarının ve emniyetli manevraların tespiti çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Römorkör kuvvetinin tespitine yönelik literatürdeki formüllerle uluslararası standartlar tespit edilmiş ve seçilmiş gemiler üzerinde belirlenmiş çevre koşullarının oluşturacağı dirençler hesap yöntemiyle bulunmuştur. İkinci aşamada ise bulunan değerler gemi manevra simülasyon yazılımında belirtilen çevresel koşullar altında test edilerek değerler karşılaştırılmıştır. Son olarak gerekli römorkör kuvvetinin en az kaç adet römorkör ile karşılanabileceği üzerinde durulmuştur. Seçilmiş olan gemi tiplerinin çalışacağı varsayılan bölgelerdeki en yüksek çevre koşullarının gemi üzerinde oluşturacağı direnç kuvvetleri ile manevralarda kullanılması gereken römorkör kuvvetleri sırasıyla %99, %83 ve %99 oranında benzerlik göstermiştir. Bunun yanı sıra kullanılması gereken en az römorkör adedi olarak literatürde belirtilen standartlara uygun olarak her biri en az 50 tonluk çekme gücüne sahip 4 adet römorkör kullanılmasının gerektiği görülmüştür. Simülasyon desteği ile gelmesi beklenen gemiler gelmeden planlanma, manevra alanlarını ve sınırlarını belirleme ve en önemlisi en yüksek çevresel koşullar altında gemiler için gerekli römorkör kuvvetinin tespiti yapılabilmektedir. Bundan daha da önemlisi gerekli römorkör kuvvetinin kaç adet römorkör ile sağlanabileceğinin tespiti için de simülasyon sistemleri son derece önemli karar destek yazılımı olarak görülmüştür.

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences / Türkiye Klinikleri Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study was carried out to investigate the magnitude of non-genetic factors affecting linear type traits in Brown Swiss cattle. For this purpose, 474 observations for the 16 linear type traits on 135 cattle were made. Statistical model used in this research included fixed effects of herd, parity, scorer, stage of lactation, season at classification. Additionally, the age at classification was included to the model as linear and quadratic covariates. Average linear scores for chest width, body depth, angularity, foot angle, rear leg (side view), rear leg (rear view), rump angle, rump width, fore udder attachment, rear udder attachment width, rear udder attachment height, teat placement (rear view), teat placement (side view), teat length, central ligament and udder depth were 5.5±0.1, 6.1±0.1, 5.2±0.1, 4.7±0.1, 4.4±0.1, 4.4±0.1, 5.6±0.1, 5.0±0.1, 5.8±0.1, 5.4±0.1, 6.1±0.1, 5.1±0.1, 4.1±0.1, 5.8±0.1, 5.8±0.1, 6.6±0.1 respectively. Scorers did not have significant effect on all type traits except for the body depth and rear udder attachment width (P<0.01). On the other hand, herd, parity, stage of lactation as well as season at classification affected significantly most of the linear type traits. The linear and quadratic effects of age at classification on the most of linear type traits were also significant. Phenotypic correlations among the linear type traits were in low to medium range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Polytechnic is the property of Journal of Polytechnic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Race and competition performance of horses, a quantitative character, is shaped by the influence of genetic and environmental factors. For this reason there are variations between individuals and populations. The genetic effect refers to the genotype capacity that is possessed by the gene from the mother and father of foal. Many environmental factors that affect performance include gender, age, birth weight, distance, handicap weight, runway type and structure, maternal age, prize, race or competition season, number of running horses, starting place, rider experience. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate factors affecting race and competition performance of horses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a review of current knowledge about environmental and genetic effects on beef colour. In order for beef production industries to consistently produce preferred meat with respect to colour parameters, there must be an understanding of the mechanisms through environmental factors, as well as the contribution of genetics. Thus, a brief overview of beef colour is presented to understand how genotype and environment may interact to influence this trait. Essentially, colour of beef can have significant effects on consumer's choice and thus it can determine the economical value of the product. The current methods for evaluating meat colour, the influence of postmortem process and environmental factors, as well as the candidate genes including LEP, CAPN, CAST, AKR1B1, GHR, MYOD, DNAH2, USP43, ANK1, on beef colour are presented. In addition, specific examples of interactions between the processing environment and genetics in cattle breeding are summarized. Consequently, achieving optimal beef colour will entirely depend not only on the quality of the pre- and post-slaughter process but also on the molecular mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Ege Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Today, it is possible to diagnose more patients with cancer thanks to increased facilities for diagnosis and the provision of more common public health services. The frequency of cancer cases is also influenced by the fact that people are exposed to carcinogens more due to developed technology. This study will examine the effects of nutrition, an environmental factor, on cancer and investigate the mechanisms by which the influential foods cause cancer. Cancer mortality rate is high, which makes this issue even more important. It is accepted that the environmental factors have a share of 80% to 90% in the development of all types of cancer. Proper body weight should be provided and protected. Vegetables and fruit should be consumed. Processed red meat consumption should be limited. Frying oil should not be used long-term. Nutritional recommendations are important for protection against cancer. However, there is need for further research on nutrition and cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to detect milk production and reproductive traits of Holstein breed raised in different regions of Turkey, to investigate effects of some environmental factors on these traits. For this purpose, production records were collected digitally from herd management programme of milking management systems of agricultural enterprises from Holstein cows raised in different geographical regions of Turkey. Total 8091 reproduction and 18470 milk yield records from 7623 lactation of 3550 cows raising in Ceylanpinar, Dalaman, Koças ve Tahirova agricultural enterprises were used. The Effects of environmental factors on milk and reproductive traits were determined by the least square methods. Least square means for 100 days milk yield 2719.66±13.52, 200 days milk yield 5246.94±25.69, 305 days milk yield 7395.35±45.75 kg, first calving age 809.32±2.07 days, open days 127.43±5.41 days, calving interval 395.86±2.58 days were found. The effects of all factors (enterprise, calving year, calving season, calving age and lactation number) were found significant on 100, 200, 305 days milk yield (P<0.001). The effects of enterprise, calving year and calving season were found significant on first calving age (P<0.01). While the effect of calving year was not found significant, the effects of enterprise, calving season, calving age and lactation number were found significant on open days (P<0.05). The effects of all factors were found significant on calving interval (P<0.001). Significant differences were found for the milk production and reproductive traits between Holstein cows raised in different geographical regions of Turkey. These differences were based on climatic and administrative differences between enterprises as well as genetic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to explain the important events during the historical evolution of the international convergence of accounting standards and analyze the environmental factors influential in his development as well as related literature. The environmental factors are analyzed in three groups such as economic, politic and cultural factors. As a result of the research, the literature review shed light on the pressure of all of these factors in the process of international convergence of accounting standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate seasonal variability in the growth and size structure of dominant phytoplankton species in Büyükçekmece Reservoir, and to determine the environmental factors that affect morphological plasticity in those dominant species. In total, 78 taxa from 8 algal divisions were identified. Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta were the most important divisions with respect to species number, but cryptomonads Plagioselmis nannoplanctica (Skuja) Novarino, Lucas, and Morrall, and a Cryptomonas sp. were dominant in terms of density and biomass. P. nannoplanctica was the major contributor of biomass in the reservoir. A significant difference in Plagioselmis species biovolume was observed between winter-early spring and summer. A significant negative correlation was observed between its seasonal size structure and abundance. During winter (December 2004-April 2005) nutrient values were higher than during autumn (October- Novermber 2005) and P. nannoplanctica had maximum cell size (17.5 μm × 10 μm; biovolume: 589.5 μm3), but its abundance was very low (< 6 cells × 103 l-1). The minimum surface:volume ratio (SA/V: 0.87) was recorded in this period. Among the measured environmental factors, water temperature was the only parameter that had a statistically significant negative relationship (R2: 0.635; P < 0.01) with P. nannoplanctica cell size. The results indicate that seasonal changes in cryptomonad size structure were controlled by water temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of the climate-tree-growth relationship on treatability were investigated in the Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) based on the altitudinal locations at approximately 960 m (B1) and 1010 m (B2) in the former coniferous afforestation area in Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey. This was achieved by analysis of the 1° branches at 1, 2, and 3 m tree heights above ground level for the periods 82/98 (March 1982 to February 1998) and 98/04 (March 1998 to February 2004). It appeared that the climatic changes during the period 98/04 had a greater effect on the growth of the trees in both locations, where the differences became more noticeable from base to apex. The trees had more taper but had a larger diameter in B1 than in B2 during 98/04, and this directly affected wood density. Consequently, the faster growing B1 trees had a greater preservative uptake than in the slower growing B2 trees along the trunk. Therefore, to produce wood of adequate density and better permeability, it may be suggested that this species should be planted at Beytepe around the elevation of 950-1000 m with regard to the wider planting space of 2 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate environmental factors affecting milk yield and fertility traits of Simmental cows raised at the Kazova state farm and the phenotypic correlation between these traits from 1473 records between 1992 and 2001. The least square means of 305-days milk yield, lactation duration, dry period, service period, calving interval, gestation length and number of inseminations per conception (NIPC) were 4700 kg, 300 days, 81 days, 94 days, 379 days, 283.6 days and 1.76, respectively. The effect of calving year on milk yield and fertility traits was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The effect of calving age on gestation length and milk yield was also statistically significant (P < 0.001-P < 0.05). The effect of calving season on gestation length, 305-days milk yield and NIPC was also statistically significant (P < 0.001-P < 0.05). Birth type did not significantly affect any traits, except for gestation length. The phenotypic correlations between 305-days milk yield and lactation duration (0.39), between NIPC and service period (0.81), between NIPC and calving interval (0.77), between calving interval and service period (0.96) and between calving interval and gestation length (0.12) were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Correlations between milk yield and fertility traits (0.09-0.77) were statistically significant (P < 0.001-P < 0.05), except for gestation length. These results are acceptable and it can be concluded that Simmental cattle are raised successfully on this farm and under Turkish conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biochemical composition, condition indices, water temperature, salinity, seston, particulate organic matter and chlorophyll-a were monitored for 1 y. Wet meat volumetric condition index ranged from 23.96% to 47.43%, with a mean of 29.71 ± 1.99%. Mean dry weight condition index was 5.07 ± 0.3% and ranged from 3.94% to 8.17%. Mean moisture, ash, lipid, protein and carbohydrate values were 82.99 ± 0.43%, 6.7 ± 0.22%, 8.7 ± 0.58%, 60.21 ± 1.47%, and 24.23 ± 1.72%, respectively. Maximum values of condition indices were recorded in March. When condition indices and lipid values were maximum, moisture was minimum. Carboyhdrate was minimum when protein was maximum in February. The interaction of environmental factors, biochemical composition and condition indices are discussed. In general, the condition factors of mussels were affected by the amount of food, while there was no clear relationship between biochemical composition and environmental factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this case report, it was aimed to present the simultaneously occurring intussusception in the monozygotic twins. In addition to genetic predisposition, environmental factors has been hypothesized to be responsible for the development of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]