In the structural analysis of steel frames, joints are generally considered as rigid or hinged considering their momenttransfer ability. However, the first studies conducted with the beginning of the 20th century showed that the joints do not actuallyfit these two definitions. In reality, a joint behaves between these two extreme points and is called semi-rigid. Including theactual state of the joint in the structural analysis provides significant economic advantages, so the subject is an intense field ofstudy today. However, it does not find enough application area in practice. For this reason, a large-scale literature published fromthe first studies on the subject to the present has been examined within the scope of the study. Three important points have beenidentified in order to examine a joint realistically; modelling the load-displacement relationship, performing the structuralanalysis and how to design. Joint modelling methods were grouped under 7 main headings as analytical, empirical, mechanical,numerical, informational, hybrid and experimental. In addition to the moment-rotation, other important external load effects likeaxial force, shear and torsion were considered. Various evaluations were made to expand the practical application area of semi-rigid connections by examining analysis methods and design approaches. Dynamic behaviour was also included in the study,and besides column-beam connections, other important connection types such as beam-beam, column-beam-cross, baseconnection were also examined in this papeIn the structural analysis of steel frames, joints are generally considered as rigid or hinged considering their momenttransfer ability. However, the first studies conducted with the beginning of the 20th century showed that the joints do not actuallyfit these two definitions. In reality, a joint behaves between these two extreme points and is called semi-rigid. Including theactual state of the joint in the structural analysis provides significant economic advantages, so the subject is an intense field ofstudy today. However, it does not find enough application area in practice. For this reason, a large-scale literature published fromthe first studies on the subject to the present has been examined within the scope of the study. Three important points have beenidentified in order to examine a joint realistically; modelling the load-displacement relationship, performing the structuralanalysis and how to design. Joint modelling methods were grouped under 7 main headings as analytical, empirical, mechanical,numerical, informational, hybrid and experimental. In addition to the moment-rotation, other important external load effects likeaxial force, shear and torsion were considered. Various evaluations were made to expand the practical application area of semi-rigid connections by examining analysis methods and design approaches. Dynamic behaviour was also included in the study,and besides column-beam connections, other important connection types such as beam-beam, column-beam-cross, baseconnection were also examined in this papeIn the structural analysis of steel frames, joints are generally considered as rigid or hinged considering their momenttransfer ability. However, the first studies conducted with the beginning of the 20th century showed that the joints do not actuallyfit these two definitions. In reality, a joint behaves between these two extreme points and is called semi-rigid. Including theactual state of the joint in the structural analysis provides significant economic advantages, so the subject is an intense field ofstudy today. However, it does not find enough application area in practice. For this reason, a large-scale literature published fromthe first studies on the subject to the present has been examined within the scope of the study. Three important points have beenidentified in order to examine a joint realistically; modelling the load-displacement relationship, performing the structuralanalysis and how to design. Joint modelling methods were grouped under 7 main headings as analytical, empirical, mechanical,numerical, informational, hybrid and experimental. In addition to the moment-rotation, other important external load effects likeaxial force, shear and torsion were considered. Various evaluations were made to expand the practical application area of semi-rigid connections by examining analysis methods and design approaches. Dynamic behaviour was also included in the study,and besides column-beam connections, other important connection types such as beam-beam, column-beam-cross, baseconnection were also examined in this paper.