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Tail-pulling injuries in cats often occur with trauma or pinching of the tail. This condition often causes damage to the nerves that supply the tail, bladder, perineum, and anus. An accurate and good neurological examination is necessary to grade the severity of the injury. The aim of this study in a case series of 8 cats with "Tail Pulling Injuries" was to discuss the clinical results and to provide practical information. Medical records of cats with tail-pulling injuries, loss of voluntary movement of the tail, and loss of pain perception were reviewed retrospectively. Among the cats with tail pull injuries, those with open tail fractures, tail wounds requiring amputation, and spinal trauma were excluded from the study. According to neurological examination findings and tail condition, medical treatment and tail amputation were performed if necessary. Seven of the eight cats in the study had fully recovered by the end of the second week. As a result, in the case of tail pull injuries in cats, if there is no fracture or luxation-related gap, amputation should not be considered immediately. It can be supported by an effective medical treatment. In addition, amputation will be inevitable if there is a gap due to a fracture or luxation in the tail. Kedilerde kuyruk çekme yaralanmaları genellikle travma veya kuyruğun kıstırılması ile ortaya çıkar. Bu durum genellikle kuyruğu, idrar kesesini, perineumu ve anüsü besleyen sinirlerde hasara neden olur. Yaralanmanın ciddiyetini derecelendirmek için doğru ve iyi bir nörolojik muayene gereklidir. "Kuyruk Çekme Yaralanmaları" olan 8 kedi vaka serisindeki bu çalışmada, klinik sonuçların tartışılması ve uygulamaya yönelik bilgiler verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kuyruk çekme yaralanması, istemli kuyruk hareketi kaybı ve ağrı algısı kaybı olan kedilerin tıbbi kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Kuyruk çekme yaralanması olan kedilerden açık kuyruk kırığı, amputasyon gerektiren kuyruk yarası ve omurga travması olanlar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Nörolojik muayene bulguları ve kuyruğun durumuna göre medikal tedavi ve gerekli görüldüğünde kuyruk amputasyonu yapıldı. Çalışmadaki 8 kediden 7'si ikinci haftanın sonunda tamamen iyileşmişti. Sonuç olarak kedilerde kuyruk çekme yaralanmalarında kırık veya luksasyona bağlı boşluk yoksa hemen amputasyon düşünülmemelidir. Etkili bir medikal tedavi ile desteklenebilir. Ayrıca kuyrukta kırık veya çıkık nedeniyle boşluk oluşursa amputasyon kaçınılmaz olacaktır.

Artroskopi eklem hasarlarının tanı ve tedavisinde önemli yer tutar. Bu çalışmada sığırlarda metakarpo/metatarsofalangeal (MCP/MTP) eklemleri için artroskopik yaklaşımı ve anatomisini tanımlayarak klinik pratiğe katkı sağlaması amaçlandı.Çalışma materyalini mezbahada kesimi yapılmış 5 sığırın 10 MCP ve 10 MTP eklemi oluşturdu. Artroskopik olarak bu eklemlere dorsal ve palmar/palantar yönden yaklaşıldı ve intraartiküler yapılar artroskopik olarak görüntülenerek tanımlandı.Dorsal yaklaşımda sinovyal villuslar, metakarpus/metatarsusun distali ve I. falanksın distali, palmar/palantar yaklaşımda ise bu yapıların yanısıra proksimal sesamoid kemikler, çapraz sesamoid ligamentler görüntülendi.Sonuç olarak, diğer birçok eklemde olduğu gibi MCP/MTP eklemlerinde de artroskopik yaklaşım tekniklerinin bilinmesi önemlidir. Bu teknikler intraartiküler yapıların değerlendirilmesine ve görselleştirilmesine yardımcı olabilir. Ancak eklem hasarı olduğu durumlarda eklemin normal anatomisi ve artroskopik giriş yerleri değişebilir. Bu nedenle klinik vakalarda da tekniklerin değerlendirilmesi önemli olacaktır.

Obstructive upper respiratory tract diseases are an important cause of poor performance in racehorses. Diagnosis of these diseases can be made easily by endoscopic examination. The aim of this study is to emphasize the frequently encountered obstructive respiratory tract diseases in the endoscopic examination of the upper respiratory tract in thoroughbred Arabian and British racehorses and the importance of endoscopic examination in the diagnosis of these diseases. The study material consisted of 72 horses (37 Arabian, 35 British horses) between the ages of 2-7 who had no respiratory complaints at rest, but had low racing and training performance. No pathology was detected in 32 (44.44%) of 72 horses who underwent clinical and endoscopic examination. it was detected that 19 (47.5%) palatal instability, 10 (25%) dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP), 8 (20%) pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia, 2 (5%) laryngeal hemiplegia, 1 (2.5%) subepiglottic cyst of the remaining horses. As a result, it should be considered that there may be obstructive respiratory tract problems in horses that have a very good general health status at rest and show low racing and training performance. In addition, clinical examination in these horses should be supported by an upper respiratory tract endoscopic examination.

Femoral fractures in cats are common and are usually treated using pins and wires, lag screws, intramedullary pins, as well as interlocking pins and plates. Among femur fractures, supracondylar femur fractures have an important place, and both proximal and distal femur fractures are more difficult than diaphyseal fractures. This study, which was conducted on 55 cats with the distal femur and supracondylar fractures, aimed to retrospectively evaluate the results of three different methods used traditionally. These methods were Rush pinning, cross pinning, and locked anatomic plates. Despite the disadvantages of each of the techniques, no problem was found in the application of either of them. No complications, including pin migration or plate and screw related complications, were encountered in the postoperative period. Functional improvement was achieved in all cats. As a result, it can be said that the method to be used in supracondylar fractures in cats varies according to the surgeon's preference and the orthopedic materials in his or her inventory. However, the anatomical locking plates may be preferred due to their advantages, such as not using bandages and starting to use the limb in the early postoperative period.

Bu bildiride bir buzağıda karşılaşılan doğmasal dermal melanom olgusunun klinik ve histopatolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Olgumuzu Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Cerrahi Kliniğine getirilen, Simental ırkı, 4 aylık, erkek bir buzağı oluşturdu. Anamnez bilgilerinden, boynun sağ tarafında doğuştan var olan fındık büyüklüğündeki oluşumun hayvanın büyümesi ile birlikte hacmini arttırdığı öğrenildi. Klinik muayenede boyun derisi ile bağlantılı 20x16x9 cm boyutlarında, sert kıvamda ve koyu renkte bir kitle saptandı. Operasyonla uzaklaştırılan kitlenin histopatolojik incelenmesinde hücresel tip melanom olduğu belirlendi. Postoperatif iki yıllık süreçte nüks ile karşılaşılmadı., In the present case clinical and histopathological findings of a congenital dermal melanoma in a calf was reported. A 4-months-old, Simmental breed male calf was admitted to the Veterinary Surgery Clinics of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas. Anamnesis revealed presence of a hazelnut sized mass on the right neck region as it was born which was growing continuously since birth. Clinical examination showed a dark coloured, hard mass attached to the skin of the neck region with a size of 20x16x9cm. Histopathological examination of the mass following surgical removal showed that the mass was a melanoma of cellular type. Postoperative follow up for two years showed no recurrence.

Bu bildiride Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Cerrahi Kliniğine getirilen bir günlük, Montafon ırkı, erkek bir buzağıda karşılaşılan dudak ve damak yarığı olgusu rapor edildi. Klinik muayenede üstdudağın sağ ve solda birer yarıkla burun boşluğuna açıldığı ve damakta yarık bulunduğu tespit edildi. Damaktaki yarıkların flap oluşturularak basit ayrı dikişlerle onarımının ardından burun kanatları ve septum nasi’den geçecek şekilde “Yatay U” dikişi uygulanarak bölgede anatomik bütünlük sağlandı. Postoperatif dönemde yapılan kontrollerde hayvanın sorunsuz bir şekilde yaşamını sürdürdüğü anlaşıldı., This is a case report of a one-day old, Montafon breed, male calf with a cleft lip and palate admitted to University of Kafkas, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery. Clinical examination revealed that the upper lip of the calf was connected with the nasal cavity via two clefts. The palate had a cleft as well. The cleft lip was repaired by “horizontal U” suturing through the nasal wings and nasal septum after repairing the cleft palate by suturing with simple interrupted pattern and anatomical integrity was achieved in the region. Postoperative follow-up showed that calf was healthy without any sign of complication.

In the present study, type and incidence ofretinal abnormalities occurring in newborn calves (0-3 months) and its possiblereasons were evaluated by routine ophthalmic and ophthalmic fundus examinationin Kars region. The study was performed in 300 calves with various breeds, age(0-3 months) and sex. In all cases, examination of the fundus of the eye wasperformed after the midriasis with Atropine. During the fundic examination ofoptic disc, tapetal and non-tapetal areas and retinal vascularity were evaluated.Normal and abnormal findings were recorded and photographed. Clinicalexamination showed that 287 of 300 (95.66%) calves were clinically normal,bilateral full blindness were observed in 13 calves (4.33%). Retinal and opticdisk problems were present in 9 cases (3%), 4 cases (1.33%) were free ofretinal and optic disc problems. Optic disc hypoplasia, retinal degenerationand myelinization (1 case), optic neuritis (1 case), optic disc hypoplasia (2cases), retinal hemorrhagia due to corioretinitis (1 case), papilledema (1case), retinal degeneration (1 case), papilledema and retinal degeneration (1case), optic neuritis and retinal hemorrhagia in one eye, optic neuritis andpartial retinal separation were other findings observed in nine case with eyesightproblems. In conclusion, in the present study the incidence of eyesightproblems that is a significant problem in cattle breeding of our region andnormal fundic variation of various cattle breeds were determined. A variety offundic problems were also determined in animals with sight problems., Bu çalışmada Kars Bölgesinde yeni doğanbuzağılarda (0-3 aylık) rutin göz ve göz fundusunun muayenesi yapılarak retinalanormalitelerin tip ve insidensi ile olası nedenlerin değerlendirilmesiamaçlanmıştır. Çalışma materyalini değişik ırk ve cinsiyette 0-3 aylık 300 başbuzağı oluşturdu. Bütün olgularda Atropin ile oluşturulan midriasis sonrası gözfundusunun muayenesi yapıldı. Fundus muayenesinde optik disk, tapetal bölge,nontapetal bölge ve retinal damarlar değerlendirilerek normal ve anormalbulgular not edildi ve fotoğraflama işlemi gerçekleştirildi. Değerlendirmeyealınan 300 baş buzağının 287’sinde (%95,66) klinik olarak herhangi bir problemsaptanmazken 13’ünde (%4,33) bilateral tam körlük problemi belirlendi.Bilateral körlük saptanan 9 olguda (%3) retina ve optik disk problemi gözlemlendi,4 olguda (%1,33) ise retina ve optik diskte herhangi bir anormal bulguyarastlanmadı. Görme problemi olan 9 olgunun 1’inde optik disk hipoplazisi,retinal dejenerasyon ve miyelinizasyon, 1’inde optik neuritis, 2’sinde optikdisk hipoplazisi, 1’inde korioretinitise bağlı retinal kanama, 1’indepapilloödem, 1’inde retinal dejenerasyon, 1’inde papilloödem ve retinaldejenerasyon, 1 olguda ise bir gözde optik neuritis ve retinal kanama, diğergözde de optik neuritis ve parsiyel retinal ayrılma tespit edildi. Buçalışmayla, bölgemizdeki sığır yetiştiriciliğinde büyük önem taşıyan görmeproblemlerine ilişkin insidens bilgileri yanında, çeşitli sığır ırklarınailişkin normal fundus varyasyonları saptandı ve problem saptanan olgulardafundusla ilgili problemlerin çeşitliliği belirlendi.

Aggression is an important behavioral problem in cats. This issue can occur as a reaction when there is disease or pain in a normal cat. The aim of this study is to evaluate the behavior changes of cats exposed to trauma using behavior scoring system and demeanour scoring system. In this study consisted of 135 cats of different breeds, ages and genders with high rise syndrome and traffic accidents. These cats were given a detailed clinical and radiological examination. Demeanour scoring system, behavior tests, and visual analog scale were used to identify behavior changes and pain in cats. The findings from this study showed that cats exposed to trauma may experience behavioral changes or agression, and this may result from pain or stress from trauma. As a result, stress from trauma in cats can also lead to a change in behavior, a temporary aggressiveness.

Surgical problems observed in cats after falling from balconies or windows of buildings are significant, and this phenomenon of falling from a height is known as high-rise syndrome (HRS). The purpose of this study was to clinically evaluate frequently encountered cases of cats falling from a height. Overall, 72 cats of different breeds, ages and sexes brought to XXX University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery, with complaints of falls from a height in 2019 were included. Falls from a height are more common during summer. Orthopaedic problems are common (58.33%), and femoral fractures (23.61%) constitute an important part of them. The affected cats were aged mostly under the 1 year. Furthermore, the survival rate of these cats was found to be 95.8%. In conclusion, the main purpose for the treatment of cats with HRS should be to stabilise their general condition and subsequently correct orthopaedic and/or soft tissue damage.