33 results on '"Ångström J"'
Search Results
2. Glycolipid Studies in Small Intestine and Pancreas of α1,3-Galactosyltransferase Knockout Miniature Swine: α1,3GALT-KO Animals Lack αGAL Antigens and Contain Novel Blood Group H Compounds
- Author
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Diswall, M., Ångström, J., Schuurman, H.-J., Dor, F.J.M.F., Rydberg, L., and Breimer, M.E.
- Published
- 2008
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3. Formation of Hydrous, Pyroxene-Related Phases from LiAlSiO4 Glass in High-Pressure Hydrothermal Environments
- Author
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Ångström, J., Jenei, I.Z., Spektor, K., Häussermann, U., Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry - Arrhenius Laboratory, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)
- Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,water transport in the mantle ,rotational electron diffraction ,hydrous pyroxene-like structures ,multi-anvil synthesis ,lithium aluminum silicates - Abstract
International audience; Hydrous Al-bearing pyroxene-related phases were synthesized by subjecting LiAlSiO4 glass to hydrothermal environments at pressures of 5-10 GPa and temperatures of 400-600 degrees C. LiAlSiO3(OH)(2) formed at 5 GPa, whereas at 10 GPa, product mixtures of LiAlSiO3(OH)(2) and Li3Al4(Si2O7)(SiO3)(2)(OH)(5) were obtained. The monoclinic structure of LiAlSiO3(OH)(2) has been previously characterized from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data (Spektor, K.; Fischer, A.; Haussermann, U. Crystallization of LiAlSiO4 Glass in Hydrothermal Environments at Gigapascal Pressures-Dense Hydrous Aluminosilicates. Inorg. Chem. 2016, 55 (16), 8048-8058, 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01181). It resembles that of alpha-spodumene (LiAlSi2O6) and constitutes alternating layers of chains of corner-condensed SiO4 tetrahedra and chains of edge-sharing AlO6 octahedra. OH groups are part of the octahedral Al coordination and extend into channels provided within the SiO4 tetrahedron chain layers. The structure solution of Li3Al4(Si2O7)(SiO3)(2)(OH)(5), as detailed here, was achieved by rotational electron diffraction analysis, and the model was refined against synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data (space group C2/c, a = 4.921 angstrom, b = 25.849 angstrom, c = 9.170 angstrom, and beta = 99.42 degrees). The crystal structure of Li3Al4(Si2O7)(SiO3)(2)(OH)(5) features chains and pairs of corner-condensed SiO4 tetrahedra, with the Si atoms equally distributed among the two structural units, and thus Li3Al4(Si2O7)(SiO3)(2)(OH)(5) is a rare example of a mixed inosorosilicate. LiAlSiO3(OH)(2) and Li3Al4(Si2O7)(SiO3)(2)(OH)(5) are structurally closely related to recently discovered hydrous magnesium aluminosilicate phases (i.e., HAPY and HySo), which form at conditions similar to the hydrous lithium aluminosilicates. The conjecture is made that hydrothermal environments following chlorite but also lawsonite breakdown generally afford conditions for the formation of hydrous, pyroxene-related, aluminosilicate phases, with compositions of M2(1-m)M1TO(3+n)(OH)(2-o) (0 < m, n, and o < 1). These phases could be transients in breakdown reactions but also stable at cold slab conditions and, thus, may play an important role to water storage and transport to the transition zone.
- Published
- 2019
4. S10.13 Binding specificity of bacterial adhesins fromNeisseria subflava strains and other bacteria to glycolipids incorporated into liposomes: Comparison with TLC binding patterns
- Author
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Abul-Milh, M., Ångström, J., Dezfoolian, H., and Karlsson, K. -A.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. S10.5 Binding ofClostridium difficile toxin A to glycosphingolipids; identification of a novel binding-active carbohydrate sequence present in human tissue
- Author
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Teneberg, S., Lönnroth, I., Torres, J., Galili, U., Ångström, J., and Karlsson, K. -A.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
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6. Synthesis, electron microscopy and X-ray characterization of oxymagnesite, MgO·2MgCO3, formed from amorphous magnesium carbonate
- Author
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Frykstrand, S., primary, Strietzel, C., additional, Forsgren, J., additional, Ångström, J., additional, Potin, V., additional, and Strømme, M., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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7. Lactotetraosylceramide, a novel glycosphingolipid receptor for Helicobacter pylori, present in human gastric epithelium
- Author
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Teneberg, Susanne, Leonardsson, I., Karlsson, H., Jovall, P.-A., Ångström, J., Danielsson, D., Näslund, I., Ljungh, A., Wadström, T., Karlsson, K.-A, Teneberg, Susanne, Leonardsson, I., Karlsson, H., Jovall, P.-A., Ångström, J., Danielsson, D., Näslund, I., Ljungh, A., Wadström, T., and Karlsson, K.-A
- Abstract
The binding of Helicobacter pylori to glycosphingolipids was examined by binding of 35S-labeled bacteria to glycosphingolipids on thin-layer chromatograms. In addition to previously reported binding specificities, a selective binding to a non-acid tetraglycosylceramide of human meconium was found. This H. pylori binding glycosphingolipid was isolated and, on the basis of mass spectrometry, proton NMR spectroscopy, and degradation studies, were identified as Galβ3GlcNAcβ3-Galβ4Glcβ1Cer (lactotetraosylceramide). When using non-acid glycosphingolipid preparations from human gastric epithelial cells, an identical binding of H. pylori to the tetraglycosylceramide interval was obtained in one of seven samples. Evidence for the presence of lactotetraosylceramide in the binding-active interval was obtained by proton NMR spectroscopy of intact glycosphingolipids and by gas chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry of permethylated tetrasaccharides obtained by ceramide glycanase hydrolysis. The lactotetraosylceramide binding property was detected in 65 of 74 H. pylori isolates (88%) Binding of H. pylori to lactotetraosylceramide on thin-layer chromatograms was inhibited by preincubation with lactotetraose but not with lactose. Removal of the terminal galactose of lactotetraosylceramide by galactosidase hydrolysis abolished the binding as did hydrazinolysis of the acetamido group of the N-acetylglucosamine. Therefore, Galβ3GlcNAc is an essential part of the binding epitope.
- Published
- 2002
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8. Synthesis, electron microscopy and X-ray characterization of oxymagnesite, MgO⋅2MgCO3, formed from amorphous magnesium carbonate.
- Author
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Frykstrand, S., Strietzel, C., Forsgren, J., Ångström, J., Potin, V., and Strømme, M.
- Subjects
MAGNESITE ,MAGNESIUM compound synthesis ,CRYSTALS ,TRANSMISSION electron microscopy ,HYDROGEN bonding - Abstract
At present, the peculiar compound called oxymagnesite, MgO⋅2MgCO
3 , an intermediate formed during thermal decomposition of hydrated magnesium carbonates, has only been described a handful of times without a distinct description of its formation or morphology. In the current work we present the first scanning and transmission electron microscopy images of an oxymagnesite crystal together with its crystallographic data. Oxymagnesite was synthesized in a controlled manner decomposition of via amorphous magnesium carbonates (AMCs) subjected to varying relative humidity. We show that oxymagnesite is formed only when AMC is hydrated above a certain level, which we attribute to structural inequivalence between CO3 groups induced by water in AMC subjected to high humidity resulting in a weakening of some of the Mg-CO3 bonds. The study provides an understanding of the conditions needed for oxymagnesite formation and shows how hydrated AMCs can be used as precursors of different types of magnesium carbonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2014
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9. 1H-n.m.r. evaluation of the ferricytochrome c-cardiolipin interaction. Effect of superoxide radicals
- Author
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Soussi, B, primary, Bylund-Fellenius, A C, additional, Scherstén, T, additional, and Ångström, J, additional
- Published
- 1990
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10. A Monoclonal IgM Antibody to a Methylcholanthrene-Induced Tumour I. Specificity for a-N-Acetylgalactosamine but with no Cross-Reactivity to the Human Blood Group A Determinant.
- Author
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Gigliotti, D., Teneberg, S., Andersson, R., Ångström, J., Karlsson, K. A., Wigzell, H., and Hansson, M.
- Subjects
IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,INTESTINES ,ADENOCARCINOMA ,SMALL intestine ,LIPIDS ,BLOOD - Abstract
A monoclonal IgM antibody, H17, has been obtained from rats immunized with mouse fibrosarcoma cells from an in vitro established methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced tumour. H17 shows specific and very selective binding to α-N-acetytgalactosamine (GalNAcα) when tested for reactivity to a panel of glycolipids. It cross-reacts with GalNAcα on the Forssman antigen extracted from dog small intestine, but not from the human blood group A determinant, a finding not commonly observed among antibodies with this specificity. Despite its specificity, H17 does not react with TA3-Ha, a mouse mammary adenocarcinoma, known lo express the Tn antigen (GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr). The uniqueness of H17 probably relates to the fact that it has been generated against an MCA-induced tumour rather than against the pure saccharide itself Minimum energy conformation structures of different GalNAcα containing saccharide molecules were computer modelled to allow a plausible interpretation of the accessible site of GalNAcα for successful interaction with the H17 paratope as compared to other GalNAcα binding antibodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1991
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11. Ueber das Wärmeleitungsvermögen des Kupfers und des Eisens bei verschiedener Temperatur.
- Author
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Ångström, J. A.
- Published
- 1863
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12. XXIII. On the conducting-power of copper and iron for heat at different temperatures.
- Author
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Ångström, J. A.
- Published
- 1863
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13. Polyol and water in the salt-tolerant yeast Debaryomyces hansenii as studied by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance.
- Author
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Adler, L., Falk, K-E., Norkrans, B., and Ångström, J.
- Published
- 1981
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14. Spectrum des Nordlichts.
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Ångström, J. A.
- Published
- 1869
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15. L-3-Phosphoglyceric acid, formed by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, is the primary substrate for photorespiration
- Author
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Brändén, R., primary, Nilsson, T., additional, Styring, S., additional, and Ångström, J., additional
- Published
- 1980
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16. XXIII. On the conducting-power of copper and iron for heat at different temperatures
- Author
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Ångström, J. A., primary
- Published
- 1863
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17. Polyol and water in the salt-tolerant yeast Debaryomyces hansenii as studied by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance
- Author
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Adler, L., Falk, K-E., Norkrans, B., and Ångström, J.
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
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18. S10.5 Binding ofClostridium difficiletoxin A to glycosphingolipids; identification of a novel binding-active carbohydrate sequence present in human tissue
- Author
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Teneberg, S., Lönnroth, I., Torres, J., Galili, U., Ångström, J., and Karlsson, K.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. S10.13 Binding specificity of bacterial adhesins fromNeisseria subflavastrains and other bacteria to glycolipids incorporated into liposomes: Comparison with TLC binding patterns
- Author
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Abul-Milh, M., Ångström, J., Dezfoolian, H., and Karlsson, K.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. A multicenter evaluation of a novel microfluidic rapid AST assay for Gram-negative bloodstream infections.
- Author
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Berinson B, Davies E, Torpner J, Flinkfeldt L, Fernberg J, Åman A, Bergqvist J, Öhrn H, Ångström J, Johansson C, Jäder K, Andersson H, Ghaderi E, Rolf M, Sundqvist M, Rohde H, Fernandez-Zafra T, and Malmberg C
- Subjects
- Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Bacteremia diagnosis, Bacteremia microbiology, Time Factors, Microfluidics methods, Microbial Sensitivity Tests methods, Microbial Sensitivity Tests standards, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections diagnosis, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections microbiology, Gram-Negative Bacteria drug effects
- Abstract
Common phenotypic methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of bacteria are slow, labor intensive, and display considerable technical variability. The QuickMIC system provides rapid AST using a microfluidic linear gradient. Here, we evaluate the performance of QuickMIC at four different laboratories with regard to speed, precision, accuracy, and reproducibility in comparison to broth microdilution (BMD). Spiked ( n = 411) and clinical blood cultures ( n = 148) were tested with the QuickMIC Gram-negative panel and compared with BMD for the 12 on-panel antibiotics, and 10 defined strains were run at each site to measure reproducibility. Logistic and linear regression analysis was applied to explore factors affecting assay performance. The overall essential agreement and categorical agreement between QuickMIC and BMD were 95.6% and 96.0%, respectively. Very major error, major error, and minor error rates were 1.0%, 0.6%, and 2.4%, respectively. Inter-laboratory reproducibility between the sites was high at 98.9% using the acceptable standard of ±1 twofold dilution. The mean in-instrument analysis time overall was 3 h 13 min (SD: 29 min). Regression analysis indicated that QuickMIC is robust with regard to initial inoculum and delay time after blood culture positivity. We conclude that QuickMIC can be used to rapidly measure MIC directly from blood cultures in clinical settings with high reproducibility, precision, and accuracy. The microfluidics-generated linear gradient ensures high reproducibility between laboratories, thus allowing a high level of trust in MIC values from single testing, at the cost of reduced measurement range compared to BMD., Importance: Increasing antimicrobial resistance underscores the need for new diagnostic solutions to guide therapy, but traditional antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is often inadequate in time-critical diseases such as sepsis. This work presents a novel and rapid AST system with a rapid turnaround of results, which may help reduce the time to guided therapy, possibly allowing early de-escalation of broad-spectrum empirical therapy as well as rapid adjustments to treatments when coverage is lacking., Competing Interests: E.D., J.T., L.F., J.F., A.Å., J.B., H.Ö., J.Å., C.J., and C.M. are employed by Gradientech AB. T.F.-Z. was employed by Gradientech throughout the study period (2018–2022). C.M. owns stock and stock options in Gradientech. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2024
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21. Evaluation of the Speed, Accuracy and Precision of the QuickMIC Rapid Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing Assay With Gram-Negative Bacteria in a Clinical Setting.
- Author
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Malmberg C, Torpner J, Fernberg J, Öhrn H, Ångström J, Johansson C, Tängdén T, and Kreuger J
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Bacteria, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Blood Culture methods, Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Abstract
The rapidly changing landscape of antimicrobial resistance poses a challenge for empirical antibiotic therapy in severely ill patients and highlights the need for fast antibiotic susceptibility diagnostics to guide treatment. Traditional methods for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) of bacteria such as broth microdilution (BMD) or the disc diffusion method (DDM) are comparatively slow and show high variability. Rapid AST methods under development often trade speed for resolution, sometimes only measuring responses at a single antibiotic concentration. QuickMIC is a recently developed lab-on-a-chip system for rapid AST. Here we evaluate the performance of the QuickMIC method with regard to speed, precision and accuracy in comparison to traditional diagnostic methods. 151 blood cultures of clinical Gram-negative isolates with a high frequency of drug resistance were tested using the QuickMIC system and compared with BMD for 12 antibiotics. To investigate sample turnaround time and method functionality in a clinical setting, another 41 clinical blood culture samples were acquired from the Uppsala University Hospital and analyzed on site in the clinical laboratory with the QuickMIC system, and compared with DDM for 8 antibiotics routinely used in the clinical laboratory. The overall essential agreement between MIC values obtained by QuickMIC and BMD was 83.4%, with an average time to result of 3 h 2 min (SD: 24.8 min) for the QuickMIC method. For the clinical dataset, the categorical agreement between QuickMIC and DDM was 96.8%, whereas essential and categorical agreement against BMD was 91.0% and 96.7%, respectively, and the total turnaround time as compared to routine diagnostics was shown to be reduced by 40% (33 h vs. 55 h). Interexperiment variability was low (average SD: 44.6% from target MIC) compared to the acceptable standard of ±1 log
2 unit ( i.e. -50% to +100% deviation from target MIC) in BMD. We conclude that the QuickMIC method can provide rapid and accurate AST, and may be especially valuable in settings with high resistance rates, and for antibiotics where wildtype and antibiotic-resistant bacteria have MIC distributions that are close or overlapping., Competing Interests: CM is a part-time employee of Gradientech AB. JT, JF, HÖ, CJ and JÅ are employees of Gradientech AB. JK is not employed by Gradientech AB but is a co-founder of Gradientech AB and owns stock in the company. The remaining author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Malmberg, Torpner, Fernberg, Öhrn, Ångström, Johansson, Tängdén and Kreuger.)- Published
- 2022
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22. Electron Beam-Induced Transformation in High-Density Amorphous Ices.
- Author
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Xu H, Ångström J, Eklund T, and Amann-Winkel K
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- Phase Transition, Temperature, Transition Temperature, Electrons, Water
- Abstract
Amorphous ice is commonly used as a noncrystalline matrix for protecting sensitive biological samples in cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The amorphization process of water is complex, and at least two amorphous states of different densities are known to exist, high- and low-density amorphous ices (HDA and LDA). These forms are considered to be the counterparts of two distinct liquid states, namely, high- and low-density liquid water. Herein, we investigate the HDA to LDA transition using electron diffraction and cryo-EM. The observed phase transition is induced by the impact of electrons, and we discuss two different mechanisms, namely, local heating and beam-induced motion of water molecules. The temperature increase is estimated by comparison with X-ray scattering experiments on identically prepared samples. Our results suggest that HDA, under the conditions used in our cryo-EM measurements, is locally heated above its glass-transition temperature.
- Published
- 2020
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23. Influence of sodium content on the thermal behavior of low vacancy Prussian white cathode material.
- Author
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Ojwang DO, Häggström L, Ericsson T, Ångström J, and Brant WR
- Abstract
Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries are the most attractive substitutes for lithium-ion batteries in large-scale energy storage devices due to wide spread reserves and low-cost of sodium resources and the similarities between sodium and lithium chemistry. However, finding a suitable cathode material is still a hurdle to be overcome. To date, Prussian white (PW), NaxFe[Fe(CN)6]y·nH2O has stood out as one of the most promising Na-host materials due to its low cost, facile synthesis and competitive electrochemical capacity. Despite this, there are concerns that this material will thermally decompose at relatively low temperatures to form cyanogen gas, which is a safety hazard. Thus, low vacancy NaxFe[Fe(CN)6]y·nH2O (x = 1.5, 1, 0.5 and 0) has been synthesized, and the influence of x on its thermal behavior systematically investigated. It is demonstrated that the thermal decomposition temperature, water content and moisture sensitivity of the samples strongly depend on the sodium content. The sample with x = 1.5 is found to be the most thermally stable and has the highest water content under the same experimental conditions. In addition, the sodium-rich samples (x = 1.5, 1 and 0.5) have higher surface water than the sodium-deficient one (x = 0). The local structure for this sample is also very different to the sodium-rich ones. Our findings offer new insights into the profound implications of proper material handling and safer operating conditions for practical Na-ion batteries and may be extended to analogous systems.
- Published
- 2020
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24. High-throughput continuous rotation electron diffraction data acquisition via software automation.
- Author
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Cichocka MO, Ångström J, Wang B, Zou X, and Smeets S
- Abstract
Single-crystal electron diffraction (SCED) is emerging as an effective technique to determine and refine the structures of unknown nano-sized crystals. In this work, the implementation of the continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED) method for high-throughput data collection is described. This is achieved through dedicated software that controls the transmission electron microscope and the camera. Crystal tracking can be performed by defocusing every n th diffraction pattern while the crystal rotates, which addresses the problem of the crystal moving out of view of the selected area aperture during rotation. This has greatly increased the number of successful experiments with larger rotation ranges and turned cRED data collection into a high-throughput method. The experimental parameters are logged, and input files for data processing software are written automatically. This reduces the risk of human error, and makes data collection more reproducible and accessible for novice and irregular users. In addition, it is demonstrated how data from the recently developed serial electron diffraction technique can be used to supplement the cRED data collection by automatic screening for suitable crystals using a deep convolutional neural network that can identify promising crystals through the corresponding diffraction data. The screening routine and cRED data collection are demonstrated using a sample of the zeolite mordenite, and the quality of the cRED data is assessed on the basis of the refined crystal structure.
- Published
- 2018
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25. Hydrogenation-Induced Structure and Property Changes in the Rare-Earth Metal Gallide NdGa: Evolution of a [GaH]2- Polyanion Containing Peierls-like Ga-H Chains.
- Author
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Ångström J, Johansson R, Sarkar T, Sørby MH, Zlotea C, Andersson MS, Nordblad P, Scheicher RH, Häussermann U, and Sahlberg M
- Abstract
The hydride NdGaH1+x (x ≈ 0.66) and its deuterized analogue were obtained by sintering the Zintl phase NdGa with the CrB structure in a hydrogen atmosphere at pressures of 10-20 bar and temperatures near 300 °C. The system NdGa/NdGaH1+x exhibits reversible H storage capability. H uptake and release were investigated by kinetic absorption measurements and thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, which showed a maximum H concentration corresponding to "NdGaH2" (0.93 wt % H) and a two-step desorption process, respectively. The crystal structure of NdGaH1+x was characterized by neutron diffraction (P21/m, a = 4.1103(7), b = 4.1662(7), c = 6.464(1) Å, β = 108.61(1)° Z = 2). H incorporates in NdGa by occupying two distinct positions, H1 and H2. H1 is coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion by Nd atoms. The H2 position displays flexible occupancy, and H2 atoms attain a trigonal bipyramidal coordination by centering a triangle of Nd atoms and bridging two Ga atoms. The phase stability and electronic structure of NdGaH1+x were analyzed by first-principles DFT calculations. NdGaH1H2 (NdGaH2) may be expressed as Nd(3+)(H1(-))[GaH2](2-). The two-dimensional polyanion [GaH](2-) features linear -H-Ga-H-Ga- chains with alternating short (1.8 Å) and long (2.4 Å) Ga-H distances, which resembles a Peierls distortion. H2 deficiency (x < 1) results in the fragmentation of chains. For x = 0.66 arrangements with five-atom moieties, Ga-H-Ga-H-Ga are energetically most favorable. From magnetic measurements, the Curie-Weiss constant and effective magnetic moment of NdGaH1.66 were obtained. The former indicates antiferromagnetic interactions, and the latter attains a value of ∼3.6 μB, which is typical for compounds containing Nd(3+) ions.
- Published
- 2016
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26. Electrochemical fabrication and characterization of Cu/Cu2O multi-layered micro and nanorods in Li-ion batteries.
- Author
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Rehnlund D, Valvo M, Tai CW, Ångström J, Sahlberg M, Edström K, and Nyholm L
- Abstract
Electrodes composed of freestanding nano- and microrods composed of stacked layers of copper and cuprous oxide have been fabricated using a straightforward one-step template-assisted pulsed galvanostatic electrodeposition approach. The approach provided precise control of the thickness of each individual layer of the high-aspect-ratio rods as was verified by SEM, EDS, XRD, TEM and EELS measurements. Rods with diameters of 80, 200 and 1000 nm were deposited and the influence of the template pore size on the structure and electrochemical performance of the conversion reaction based electrodes in lithium-ion batteries was investigated. The multi-layered Cu2O/Cu nano- and microrod electrodes exhibited a potential window of more than 2 V, which was ascribed to the presence of a distribution of Cu2O (and Cu, respectively) nanoparticles with different sizes and redox potentials. As approximately the same areal capacity was obtained independent of the diameter of the multi-layered rods the results demonstrate the presence of an electroactive Cu2O layer with a thickness defined by the time domain of the measurements. It is also demonstrated that while the areal capacity of the electrodes decreased dramatically when the scan rate was increased from 0.1 to 2 mV s(-1), the capacity remained practically constant when the scan rate was further increased to 100 mV s(-1). This behaviour can be explained by assuming that the capacity is limited by the lithium ion diffusion rate though the Cu2O layer generated during the oxidation step. The electrochemical performance of present type of 3-D multi-layered rods provides new insights into the lithiation and delithiation reactions taking place for conversion reaction materials such as Cu2O.
- Published
- 2015
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27. The alpha1,3GalT knockout/alpha1,2FucT transgenic pig does not appear to have an advantage over the alpha1,3GalT knockout pig with respect to glycolipid reactivity with human serum antibodies.
- Author
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Diswall M, Benktander J, Ångström J, Teneberg S, and Breimer ME
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Genetically Modified, Antibodies immunology, Antigens immunology, Antigens, Heterophile genetics, Galactosyltransferases deficiency, Humans, Intestine, Small immunology, Sus scrofa, Swine, Antibodies blood, Antigens, Heterophile immunology, Galactosyltransferases immunology, Glycolipids immunology, Immunoglobulins metabolism, Transplantation, Heterologous
- Abstract
Background: The human H-transferase (α2FucT) was introduced in Gal-negative pigs to produce pig organs not only free from Gal-antigens, but also in which the uncapped N-acetyllactosamine precursor had been transformed into non-xenogenic blood group H type 2 compounds. This work is the first descriptive analysis of glycolipids from the GalT-KO/FucT-TG pig. The aim was to investigate the cell membrane antigens in GalT-KO/FucT-TG tissues to explore its efficacy as an organ donor. Also, detailed knowledge on the correlation between the cellular glycosyltransferase configuration and the resulting carbohydrate phenotype expression is valuable from a basic glycobiological perspective., Methods: Neutral and acidic glycolipids from GalT-KO/FucT-TG small intestine were compared with glycolipids from two wildtype and two GalT-KO pig intestines. Glycolipid reactivity was tested on thin layer chromatography plates using chemical reagents, antibodies, lectins, and human serum. Structural characterization of neutral glycolipids was performed by LC-ESI/MS and proton NMR spectroscopy., Results: Characterization of the glycolipid expression in GalT-KO/FucT-TG intestine showed absence of Gal antigens and decreased/unchanged levels of the N-acetyllactosamine precursor and the blood group H type 2 expression, when compared with the wildtype. The reactivity of human serum antibodies to GalT-KO/FucT-TG derived glycolipids was similar or slightly elevated when compared with GalT-KO glycolipids. Results from LC-ESI/MS and proton NMR spectroscopy revealed no established neutral xenogenic antigens in the GalT-KO/FucT-TG pig, and could thus not explain the immunologic reactivity to human serum antibodies. The antibody binding to acidic glycolipids is most likely to be explained by the abundance of N-glycolylneuraminic acid epitopes in pig tissues. Six neutral complex biantennary glycolipids with blood group H type 1, 2, Lewis(x) and Lewis(y) determinants were found, of which three were identified in this work for the first time. One of these was a nonaglycosylceramide with blood group H type 2 and lactosyl determinants linked to a lactotetraosyl core, and the other two were decaglycosylceramides with blood group H type 1 and H type 2 determinants linked to a neolactotetraosyl core, and Lewis(x) and blood group H type 1 determinants on a lactotetraosyl core, respectively., Conclusions: Lipid-linked carbohydrate antigens in the GalT-KO/FucT-TG pig intestine showed no or minor qualitative difference when compared with GalT-KO pigs. The GalT-KO/FucT-TG pig did not appear to have an advantage over the GalT-KO pig with respect to reactivity with human antibodies from a xenotransplantation perspective., (© 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S.)
- Published
- 2014
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28. Structural complexity of non-acid glycosphingolipids in human embryonic stem cells grown under feeder-free conditions.
- Author
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Barone A, Benktander J, Ångström J, Aspegren A, Björquist P, Teneberg S, and Breimer ME
- Subjects
- Animals, Carbohydrates chemistry, Cell Culture Techniques, Cell Line, Cell Membrane metabolism, Chromatography, Thin Layer methods, Culture Media metabolism, Epitopes chemistry, Fibroblasts cytology, Glycoconjugates chemistry, Glycolipids chemistry, Humans, Lectins chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy methods, Mass Spectrometry methods, Mice, Regenerative Medicine methods, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization methods, Embryonic Stem Cells cytology, Glycosphingolipids chemistry
- Abstract
Due to their pluripotency and growth capability, there are great expectations for human embryonic stem cells, both as a resource for functional studies of early human development and as a renewable source of cells for use in regenerative medicine and transplantation. However, to bring human embryonic stem cells into clinical applications, their cell surface antigen expression and its chemical structural complexity have to be defined. In the present study, total non-acid glycosphingolipid fractions were isolated from two human embryonic stem cell lines (SA121 and SA181) originating from leftover in vitro fertilized human embryos, using large amounts of starting material (1 × 10(9) cells/cell line). The total non-acid glycosphingolipid fractions were characterized by antibody and lectin binding, mass spectrometry, and proton NMR. In addition to the globo-series and type 1 core chain glycosphingolipids previously described in human embryonic stem cells, a number of type 2 core chain glycosphingolipids (neo-lactotetraosylceramide, the H type 2 pentaosylceramide, the Le(x) pentaosylceramide, and the Le(y) hexaosylceramide) were identified as well as the blood group A type 1 hexaosylceramide. Finally, the mono-, di-, and triglycosylceramides were characterized as galactosylceramide, glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, galabiaosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide, and lactotriaosylceramide. Thus, the glycan diversity of human embryonic stem cells, including cell surface immune determinants, is more complex than previously appreciated.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Forssman expression on human erythrocytes: biochemical and genetic evidence of a new histo-blood group system.
- Author
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Svensson L, Hult AK, Stamps R, Ångström J, Teneberg S, Storry JR, Jørgensen R, Rydberg L, Henry SM, and Olsson ML
- Subjects
- ABO Blood-Group System genetics, Carbohydrate Sequence, Chromatography, Thin Layer, Escherichia coli enzymology, Genotype, Hemagglutination Tests, Humans, Models, Chemical, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases chemistry, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Genetic physiology, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Blood Grouping and Crossmatching methods, Erythrocytes physiology, Forssman Antigen genetics, Forssman Antigen metabolism, N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases genetics, N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases metabolism
- Abstract
In analogy with histo-blood group A antigen, Forssman (Fs) antigen terminates with α3-N-acetylgalactosamine and can be used by pathogens as a host receptor in many mammals. However, primates including humans lack Fs synthase activity and have naturally occurring Fs antibodies in plasma. We investigated individuals with the enigmatic ABO subgroup A(pae) and found them to be homozygous for common O alleles. Their erythrocytes had no A antigens but instead expressed Fs glycolipids. The unexpected Fs antigen was confirmed in structural, serologic, and flow-cytometric studies. The Fs synthase gene, GBGT1, in A(pae) individuals encoded an arginine to glutamine change at residue 296. Gln296 is present in lower mammals, whereas Arg296 was found in 6 other primates, > 250 blood donors and A(pae) family relatives without the A(pae) phenotype. Transfection experiments and molecular modeling showed that Agr296Gln reactivates the human Fs synthase. Uropathogenic E coli containing prsG-adhesin-encoding plasmids agglutinated A(pae) but not group O cells, suggesting biologic implications. Predictive tests for intravascular hemolysis with crossmatch-incompatible sera indicated complement-mediated destruction of Fs-positive erythrocytes. Taken together, we provide the first conclusive description of Fs expression in normal human hematopoietic tissue and the basis of a new histo-blood group system in man, FORS.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The repertoire of glycosphingolipids recognized by Vibrio cholerae.
- Author
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Benktander J, Ångström J, Karlsson H, Teymournejad O, Lindén S, Lebens M, and Teneberg S
- Subjects
- Animals, Binding Sites immunology, Binding, Competitive immunology, Carbohydrate Sequence, Chitin immunology, Chitin metabolism, Cholera immunology, Cholera metabolism, Cholera microbiology, Cholera Toxin immunology, Cholera Toxin metabolism, Chromatography, Liquid, Epitopes metabolism, G(M1) Ganglioside metabolism, Glycosphingolipids metabolism, Host-Pathogen Interactions immunology, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Intestines immunology, Intestines microbiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Rabbits, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Thymus Gland immunology, Thymus Gland metabolism, Thymus Gland microbiology, Vibrio cholerae metabolism, Epitopes immunology, G(M1) Ganglioside immunology, Glycosphingolipids immunology, Vibrio cholerae immunology
- Abstract
The binding of cholera toxin to the ganglioside GM1 as the initial step in the process leading to diarrhea is nowadays textbook knowledge. In contrast, the knowledge about the mechanisms for attachment of Vibrio cholerae bacterial cells to the intestinal epithelium is limited. In order to clarify this issue, a large number of glycosphingolipid mixtures were screened for binding of El Tor V. cholerae. Several specific interactions with minor complex non-acid glycosphingolipids were thereby detected. After isolation of binding-active glycosphingolipids, characterization by mass spectrometry and proton NMR, and comparative binding studies, three distinct glycosphingolipid binding patterns were defined. Firstly, V. cholerae bound to complex lacto/neolacto glycosphingolipids with the GlcNAcβ3Galβ4GlcNAc sequence as the minimal binding epitope. Secondly, glycosphingolipids with a terminal Galα3Galα3Gal moiety were recognized, and the third specificity was the binding to lactosylceramide and related compounds. V. cholerae binding to lacto/neolacto glycosphingolipids, and to the other classes of binding-active compounds, remained after deletion of the chitin binding protein GbpA. Thus, the binding of V. cholerae to chitin and to lacto/neolacto containing glycosphingolipids represents two separate binding specificities.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Redefinition of the carbohydrate binding specificity of Helicobacter pylori BabA adhesin.
- Author
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Benktander J, Ångström J, Breimer ME, and Teneberg S
- Subjects
- Adhesins, Bacterial metabolism, Animals, Bacterial Adhesion, Carbohydrate Sequence, Chromatography, Liquid, Epithelium metabolism, Epithelium microbiology, Gastric Mucosa metabolism, Glycolipids chemistry, Glycosphingolipids chemistry, Humans, Mass Spectrometry methods, Molecular Sequence Data, Protein Binding, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization methods, Swine, Adhesins, Bacterial chemistry, Carbohydrates chemistry, Gastric Mucosa microbiology, Helicobacter pylori metabolism
- Abstract
Certain Helicobacter pylori strains adhere to the human gastric epithelium using the blood group antigen-binding adhesin (BabA). All BabA-expressing H. pylori strains bind to the blood group O determinants on type 1 core chains, i.e. to the Lewis b antigen (Fucα2Galβ3(Fucα4)GlcNAc; Le(b)) and the H type 1 determinant (Fucα2Galβ3GlcNAc). Recently, BabA strains have been categorized into those recognizing only Le(b) and H type 1 determinants (designated specialist strains) and those that also bind to A and B type 1 determinants (designated generalist strains). Here, the structural requirements for carbohydrate recognition by generalist and specialist BabA were further explored by binding of these types of strains to a panel of different glycosphingolipids. Three glycosphingolipids recognized by both specialist and generalist BabA were isolated from the small intestine of a blood group O pig and characterized by mass spectrometry and proton NMR as H type 1 pentaglycosylceramide (Fucα2Galβ3GlcNAcβ3Galβ4Glcβ1Cer), Globo H hexaglycosylceramide (Fucα2Galβ3GalNAcβ3Galα4Galβ4Glcβ1Cer), and a mixture of three complex glycosphingolipids (Fucα2Galβ4GlcNAcβ6(Fucα2Galβ3GlcNAcβ3)Galβ3GlcNAcβ3Galβ4Glcβ1Cer, Fucα2Galβ3GlcNAcβ6(Fucα2Galβ3GlcNAcβ3)Galβ3GlcNAcβ3Galβ4Glcβ1Cer, and Fucα2Galβ4(Fucα3)GlcNAcβ6(Fucα2Galβ3GlcNAcβ3)Galβ3GlcNAcβ3Galβ4Glcβ1Cer). In addition to the binding of both strains to the Globo H hexaglycosylceramide, i.e. a blood group O determinant on a type 4 core chain, the generalist strain bound to the Globo A heptaglycosylceramide (GalNAcα3(Fucα2)Galβ3GalNAcβ3Galα4Galβ4Glcβ1Cer), i.e. a blood group A determinant on a type 4 core chain. The binding of BabA to the two sets of isoreceptors is due to conformational similarities of the terminal disaccharides of H type 1 and Globo H and of the terminal trisaccharides of A type 1 and Globo A.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The GD1a glycan is a cellular receptor for adenoviruses causing epidemic keratoconjunctivitis.
- Author
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Nilsson EC, Storm RJ, Bauer J, Johansson SM, Lookene A, Ångström J, Hedenström M, Eriksson TL, Frängsmyr L, Rinaldi S, Willison HJ, Pedrosa Domellöf F, Stehle T, and Arnberg N
- Subjects
- Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Binding Sites, Cell Membrane virology, Crystallography, X-Ray, Epithelium, Corneal virology, G(M1) Ganglioside chemistry, G(M1) Ganglioside immunology, G(M1) Ganglioside metabolism, G(M1) Ganglioside physiology, Humans, Keratoconjunctivitis drug therapy, Keratoconjunctivitis epidemiology, Keratoconjunctivitis immunology, Models, Molecular, Protein Binding, Sialic Acids metabolism, Sialic Acids therapeutic use, Surface Plasmon Resonance, Adenoviridae Infections epidemiology, G(M1) Ganglioside analogs & derivatives, Keratoconjunctivitis virology, Receptors, Virus physiology
- Abstract
Adenovirus type 37 (Ad37) is a leading cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), a severe and highly contagious ocular disease. Whereas most other adenoviruses infect cells by engaging CD46 or the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), Ad37 binds previously unknown sialic acid-containing cell surface molecules. By glycan array screening, we show here that the receptor-recognizing knob domain of the Ad37 fiber protein specifically binds a branched hexasaccharide that is present in the GD1a ganglioside and that features two terminal sialic acids. Soluble GD1a glycan and GD1a-binding antibodies efficiently prevented Ad37 virions from binding and infecting corneal cells. Unexpectedly, the receptor is constituted by one or more glycoproteins containing the GD1a glycan motif rather than the ganglioside itself, as shown by binding, infection and flow cytometry experiments. Molecular modeling, nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray crystallography reveal that the two terminal sialic acids dock into two of three previously established sialic acid-binding sites in the trimeric Ad37 knob. Surface plasmon resonance analysis shows that the knob-GD1a glycan interaction has high affinity. Our findings therefore form a basis for the design and development of sialic acid-containing antiviral drugs for topical treatment of EKC.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Erythrocyte and porcine intestinal glycosphingolipids recognized by F4 fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
- Author
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Coddens A, Valis E, Benktander J, Ångström J, Breimer ME, Cox E, and Teneberg S
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacterial Adhesion immunology, Binding Sites immunology, Binding, Competitive immunology, Carbohydrate Sequence, Chickens, Chromatography, Thin Layer, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli genetics, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli immunology, Erythrocytes immunology, Erythrocytes microbiology, Fimbriae, Bacterial genetics, Fimbriae, Bacterial immunology, Gangliosides immunology, Gangliosides metabolism, Globosides immunology, Globosides metabolism, Glycosphingolipids immunology, Hemagglutination immunology, Intestinal Mucosa chemistry, Intestinal Mucosa immunology, Intestinal Mucosa microbiology, Intestines immunology, Intestines microbiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Swine, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli metabolism, Erythrocytes chemistry, Fimbriae, Bacterial metabolism, Glycosphingolipids metabolism, Intestines chemistry
- Abstract
Enterotoxigenic F4-fimbriated Escherichia coli is associated with diarrheal disease in neonatal and postweaning pigs. The F4 fimbriae mediate attachment of the bacteria to the pig intestinal epithelium, enabling an efficient delivery of diarrhea-inducing enterotoxins to the target epithelial cells. There are three variants of F4 fimbriae designated F4ab, F4ac and F4ad, respectively, having different antigenic and adhesive properties. In the present study, the binding of isolated F4ab, F4ac and F4ad fimbriae, and F4ab/ac/ad-fimbriated E. coli, to glycosphingolipids from erythrocytes and from porcine small intestinal epithelium was examined, in order to get a comprehensive view of the F4-binding glycosphingolipids involved in F4-mediated hemagglutination and adhesion to the epithelial cells of porcine intestine. Specific interactions between the F4ab, F4ac and F4ad fimbriae and both acid and non-acid glycosphingolipids were obtained, and after isolation of binding-active glycosphingolipids and characterization by mass spectrometry and proton NMR, distinct carbohydrate binding patterns were defined for each fimbrial subtype. Two novel glycosphingolipids were isolated from chicken erythrocytes, and characterized as GalNAcα3GalNAcß3Galß4Glcß1Cer and GalNAcα3GalNAcß3Galß4GlcNAcß3Galß4Glcß1Cer. These two compounds, and lactosylceramide (Galß4Glcß1Cer) with phytosphingosine and hydroxy fatty acid, were recognized by all three variants of F4 fimbriae. No binding of the F4ad fimbriae or F4ad-fimbriated E. coli to the porcine intestinal glycosphingolipids occurred. However, for F4ab and F4ac two distinct binding patterns were observed. The F4ac fimbriae and the F4ac-expressing E. coli selectively bound to galactosylceramide (Galß1Cer) with sphingosine and hydroxy 24:0 fatty acid, while the porcine intestinal glycosphingolipids recognized by F4ab fimbriae and the F4ab-fimbriated bacteria were characterized as galactosylceramide, sulfatide (SO(3)-3Galß1Cer), sulf-lactosylceramide (SO(3)-3Galß4Glcß1Cer), and globotriaosylceramide (Galα4Galß4Glcß1Cer) with phytosphingosine and hydroxy 24:0 fatty acid. Finally, the F4ad fimbriae and the F4ad-fimbriated E. coli, but not the F4ab or F4ac subtypes, bound to reference gangliotriaosylceramide (GalNAcß4Galß4Glcß1Cer), gangliotetraosylceramide (Galß3GalNAcß4Galß4Glcß1Cer), isoglobotriaosylceramide (Galα3Galß4Glcß1Cer), and neolactotetraosylceramide (Galß4GlcNAcß3Galß4Glcß1Cer).
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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