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The annual production of plastic waste worldwide has doubled in just two decades, with approximately 390 million tonnes of plastic waste now being generated. In this context, the construction industry must move towards the development of new, more sustainable materials made under circular economy criteria. In this work, a physico-mechanical characterisation of gypsum composites with the incorporation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) waste, replacing 2-4-6-8-10% by volume of the original raw material, has been conducted. The results show how the incorporation of these plastic wastes improves the water resistance of the gypsum material without additions, as well as producing a decrease in thermal conductivity and greater resistance to impact. On the other hand, it has been found that, as the percentage of recycled raw material added increases, the mechanical resistance to bending and compression decreases, leading to fracture due to a lack of cohesion between the matrix and the waste. Nevertheless, in all the cases studied, mechanical strengths higher than those established by the EN 13279-2 standard were obtained. Thus, the results confirm the viability of these secondary raw materials to be used in the development of new products for sustainable building, especially in the design of prefabricated panels for false ceilings.

The incorporation of rubber recycled aggregates from end-of-life tyres (ELT) in the manufacturing process of sustainable building materials has gained great interest in recent decades as a result of the large volume of this waste being generated annually. In this work, the objective is to make a contribution towards the circularity of construction products by carrying out a physico-mechanical characterisation of new gypsum composites made with the incorporation of these recycled rubber aggregates. To this end, up to 30% by volume of the original raw material has been substituted, analysing the mechanical resistance to bending and compression. Although lower than those of traditional gypsum material, both properties exceed the limits set at 1 and 2 MPa, respectively, by the current regulations. In addition, water absorption by capillarity significantly decreases, and thermal conductivity is reduced by more than 35% with respect to the reference material. Finally, in order to provide the research with a practical application, a prefabricated plate design has been proposed that incorporates the gypsum materials studied and an agglomerated rubber band that increases the thermal resistance and improves the efficiency of the designed construction system. In this way, this research reflects the potential of these novel building materials and explores new avenues for their application in building construction. © 2024 by the authors.

This document shows the results of a research work conducted to facilitate the transition to higher education for students with specific educational support needs. To this end, an exhaustive search for tools was conducted in several databases of programmes and utilities created for this purpose (TICNE). Among the search parameters, free of charge, ease of implementation and usefulness of the tool were established. After that, a concrete analysis of each of the tools has been conducted to explain the functioning, characteristics, and utilities of each of them. The analysis also contains advantages and disadvantages of use, as well as basic operating characteristics. The aim of this study is to bring tools and programmes closer to the students so that the existing gap in learning abilities is reduced and allows the inclusion of all people in higher education., El presente documento muestra los resultados de un trabajo de investigación realizado para facilitar el paso por la educación superior al alumnado con necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo. Para ello, se ha realizado una búsqueda exhaustiva de herramientas en varias bases de datos de programas y utilidades creadas con este fin (TICNE). Entre los parámetros de búsqueda se establecieron la gratuidad, la facilidad de implantación y la utilidad de la herramienta. Después de esto, un análisis concreto de cada una de las herramientas se ha realizado con el fin de explicar el funcionamiento, las características y las utilidades de cada una de ellas. El análisis contiene también ventajas e inconvenientes de la utilización, así como características básicas de funcionamiento. La finalidad de este estudio es acercar herramientas y programas al estudiantado de manera que la brecha existente debido a las capacidades de aprendizaje se vean reducidas y permitan la inclusión de todas las personas en la educación superior.

The Service-Learning (SL) methodology makes it possible to combine university teaching processes with support and service to the needs of the community. This paper presents an educational proposal that aims to promote the efficient management of End-of-Life Tyres through university teaching in the Bachelor's Degree in Building. In this way, the methodology necessary to carry out this SL experience in the classroom is proposed, describing both the support tools and the phases of implementation of the proposal in an academic semester. In addition, the work also describes the possible evaluation methods that can be applied in the university context, with the aim of serving as a point of support for those teachers interested in implementing this methodology. Finally, it should be noted that the sustainability and community service criteria linked to this methodology have been taken into consideration throughout the document., La metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio (APS) hace posible combinar los procesos de enseñanza universitario con el apoyo y servicio a las necesidades de la comunidad. En este trabajo se plantea una propuesta educativa que prentende impulsar la gestión eficiente de los Neumáticos Fuera de Uso, a través de la enseñanza universitaria en el Grado en Edificación. De esta manera, se plantea la metodología necesaria para llevar esta experiencia APS en el aula, describiendo tanto las herramientas de apoyo como las fases de implantación de la propuesta en un semestre académica. Adicionalmente, en el trabajo también se describen los posibles métodos de evaluación que pueden ser aplicados en el contexto universitario, con el objetivo de servir como punto de apoyo a aquellos docentes interesados en la implantación de esta metodología. Finalmente, cabe destacar que durante todo el documento se han tenido en consideración los criterios de sosteniblidad y de servicio comunitario vinculados con esta metodología.

This document presents the results of an educational research and innovation project carried out during two consecutive academic years. Through the inclusion of tools such as the rubric, and strategies such as co-evaluation and self-evaluation, the improvement of performance and motivation in first year bachelor students has been investigated, specifically in the axonometric system syllabus, orthogonal projections, and normalization. This research has been developed in four different groups of two teaching centres. Two of the groups received traditional training in the 2018/2019 academic year and the other two were subjected to the innovation project during the 2019/2020 academic year. The initial motivation of both groups was quite similar. In the experimental group, a significant improvement in motivation was observed after teaching the syllabus. After the application of the PLE, the increase in motivation has been more remarkable than that of academic performance. Self-evaluation and co-evaluation have had a direct and positive impact on student motivation and are directly related to academic performance., El presente documento presenta los resultados de un proyecto de investigación e innovación educativa llevado a cabo durante dos cursos académicos consecutivos. A través de la inclusión de herramientas como la rúbrica, y estrategias como la coevaluación y la autoevaluación, se ha investigado la mejora del rendimiento y la motivación en alumnos de primer año de grado en arquitectura de la universidad de Sevilla. concretamente en el temario del sistema axonométrico, las proyecciones ortogonales y la normalización. Esta investigación se ha desarrollado en cuatro grupos distintos de dos centros de enseñanza. Dos de los grupos recibieron en el curso académico 2018/2019 la formación de forma tradicional y los otros dos fueron sometidos al proyecto de innovación durante el curso académico 2019/2020. La motivación inicial de ambos grupos fue bastante similar. En el grupo experimental se observó una mejora significativa de la motivación tras la impartición del temario. Tras la aplicación del PIE, el aumento de la motivación ha sido más notable que el del rendimiento académico. La autoevaluación y la coevaluación han impactado de forma directa y positiva en la motivación de los alumnos, y se relaciona directamente con el rendimiento académico