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Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drought and salinity are conditions in some soils that limit agricultural production worldwide. To combat these effects, emphasis has been placed on a technique called phytodesalination, which consists of the use of halophyte species with the ability to extract significant amounts of sodium (Na+) from the affected environment. However, this is an agricultural practice that demands a large amount of plant material per hectare, which makes it difficult to implement in production systems with salinity problems. The objective of this work was to determine the rooting capacity of the cuttings of the halophytic species S. verrucosum and to analyze the magnitude changes in its biometric parameters, from different concentrations in the hormonal treatment, in a period of 90 days. For the development of the experiment, a completely randomized experimental design was used and two factors were considered: the concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) (0, 800, 1 200, 1 600, 2 000 and 4 000 mg L-1) and the position of the cuttings (basal-intermediate and intermediate-apical). The results obtained showed significant differences between the different treatments. The cuttings of the intermediate-apical portion were those that obtained the highest percentage of rooting, number of roots, fresh and dry weight, both of the root and the area of the plant, stem diameter and plant height, mainly at a concentration of 2 000 mg L-1. Through this method, it is possible to implement phytodesalination extensively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water scarcity and increasing salinity are the main limiting environmental factors directly affecting the establishment and development of agroecosystems. The objective of this study was to assess the capacity of the halophytes Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst and Sesuvium verrucosum Raf., to improve the chemical properties of a saline soil during a 240-day period in the field so as to subsequently examine their potential to associate with Zea mays in the previously desalinated surface. The treatments proposed were [T1 (reference soil sample), T2 (soil + B. monnieri), T3 (soil + S. verrucosum), and T4 (soil + B. monnieri + S. verrucosum)]. The results showed that the association of the species B monnieri and S. verrucosum has the potential to enhance the chemical characteristics of the severely saline and clayey soil, showing ECe reductions of 11.13–7.97 dS/m and pH of 7.84–7.42, as well as increase in soil porosity from 54.71% to 57.23%. It was also found that the association of these plants have a phytodesalination capacity of 1.21 t Na+ ha−1, this served to prepare the conditions for the growth of the Z. mays and generate yields of 8.5 t ha−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our study, it was found that solid–liquid extraction solvent influenced the phenolic content in leaf extracts of Stevia origanoides, S. ovata and S. viscida. The highest total phenolic and flavonoids contents, the highest scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical, and the highest total antioxidant capacity values were observed when 50% ethanol was used. The phenolic compounds identified in the Stevia leaf extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) include phenolic acids such as chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric and vanillic acid, as well as flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The importance of water to life is unquestionable. Most of the fresh water we use for daily activities comes from the aquifers, which in many cases due to misuse are overexploited and at risk. This article studies the aquifer that appeared in Laguna de Santiaguillo basin; it should be noted that the most important economic activity in the basin is agriculture. Methods: By analyzing vector and demographic information, using GIS and with some field trips, the impact and risk on the level of disposition in every micro-basin that forms the basin were determined. Results: The different modeling scenarios demonstrate that the basin and sub-basins that conform Santiaguillo are overexploited. Discussion: The volumes concessioned are of such magnitude that they generate a condition of vulnerability to the activities of the basin and sustain the overexploitation conditions of the aquifer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Asclepias linaria Cav. (Apocynaceae) is a shrubby plant endemic of Mexico which has been used in traditional medicine. However, the bioactive potential of this plant remains unexplored. In this study, the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of A. linaria leaves were determined. In order to estimate the phenolic composition of the leaves, the total phenolic, flavonoid, and condensed tannins contents were determined. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity was measured by the scavenging activity of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and 2,2′-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid] (ABTS•+) radicals and the total antioxidant capacity. The phenolic compounds identified in the A. linaria leaves by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) include phenolic acids, such as p-coumaric and ferulic acid, as well as flavonoids, such as rutin and quercetin. The leaves' extracts of A. linaria showed a high scavenging activity of DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals (IC50 0.12 ± 0.001 and 0.51 ± 0.003 µg/mL, respectively), high total antioxidant capacity values (99.77 ± 4.32 mg of ascorbic acid equivalents/g of dry tissue), and had a cytotoxic effect against K562 and HL60 hematologic neoplasia cells lines, but no toxicity towards the normal mononuclear cell line was observed. These results highlight the potential of A. linaria and could be considered as a possible alternative source of anticancer compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microplastics (MPs) severely threaten inland waterbodies due to the direct impact of human activities. In the present study, spatial and temporal patterns of MPs in a shallow tropical lake were assessed, describing their size, morphology, and polymer types. Water and sediment samples were collected from Lake Chapala during three seasons, and MPs were quantified with a stereomicroscope. The structure, elemental composition, and polymeric composition were determined via environmental scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The highest average concentration of microplastics in Lake Chapala was detected during the low-water period in April 2022 (2.35 items/L), exceeding the July 2022 rainy season concentration (1.8 items/L) by 0.25 items/L, and sediment concentrations were also higher in April 2022 (219 items/kg) compared to July 2022 (210 items/kg). This study highlights the significant pollution of Lake Chapala with microplastics, emphasizing the need for urgent measures to manage plastic waste and mitigate its environmental impact on aquatic ecosystems. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Microplastic contamination was evaluated in Lake Chapala. The distribution profiles of microplastics were different in each area. Heavy metals osmium, tellurium, and rhodium were found associated with the PMs. Polymers were found in this study., (© 2024 Water Environment Federation.)