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Background: COVID-19 is the disease that affects the entire world and is a health emergency. Knowing the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients is important to fight it. Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 in Cumanayagua. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out that included the 14 positive cases diagnosed in 2020. With the data collected, a database was created, which was processed using the statistical package SPSS-PC version 25.0. The cases were collected according to epidemiological classification, age, sex, presence or absence of symptoms, comorbidity, source of infection, symptoms and places of residence from where the patients came. Results: the months of November and December were the ones with the highest reported cases, the native and imported cases behaved in the same way, those over 15 years of age predominated and there were no differences according to sex. Asymptomatic cases predominated. High blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and obesity were the most frequent comorbidities. The symptoms that presented were fever and headache in greater numbers. The largest number of cases came from the places of residence, Vila and Las Brisas. Conclusions: Although in the year analyzed there were not many patients, it is important that the population fulfill with health and social distancing measures to avoid contagion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has spread rapidly in many regions in recent years. Objective: to describe clinical and epidemiological aspects of confirmed dengue patients in the Cumanayagua municipality, Cienfuegos province, during 2019. Methods: a case series study was carried out, which included 28 confirmed dengue patients, according to a database of the Municipal Hygiene and Epidemiology Unit. Sociodemographic, clinical and epidemiological variables, detected Aedes aegypti foci and infestation indices were analyzed. Results: The 57.1% of patients corresponded to the group of 15 to 49 years old; the female sex behaved in the same way as the male with the 50.0%. The predominant symptom was fever (100%); the 71.4% of the patients reported not having traveled outside the municipality; Aedes Aegypti outbreaks and infestation rates rose from June and fell after November. The highest risk neighborhood was Brisa with 36.8 x 10 000 inhabitants. Conclusions: the dengue epidemic in the Cumanayagua municipality in 2019 was clinically-epidemiologically characterized in a similar way to those that occurred in other territories, where the dengue 3 and 4 viruses circulation prevailed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: leprosy is a curable disease. If it is treated in its first phase, the disability it generates can be avoided. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients diagnosed with leprosy. Methods: case series study carried out in the Cumanayagua municipality of Cienfuegos, which included the 15 patients diagnosed with leprosy from 2009 to 2019, according to the database of the Municipal Hygiene and Epidemiology Unit of said municipality. The main variables were: age, sex, popular councils, clinical and operational classification, type of contact, applied treatment. Results: the group of 50-79 years represented 53.3%; females constituted 70.0% of the cases; the popular councils with the highest risks were Brisas with 46.6% and Vila with 20.0%; 73.3% were patients with multibacillary leprosy; more than 40.0% had skin anesthesia and infiltrations; detection was spontaneous in 46.6% of the patients. 73.3% received multibacillary treatment. Conclusions: leprosy is not currently a serious health problem in the Cumanayagua municipality, but it is not a completely eliminated disease, so knowledge of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of diagnosed patients is important for their better treatment and medical follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundation: Globally, a set of goals has been adopted to eradicate poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all people. Seventeen sustainable development goals were established. Objective: to characterize nursing personnel for their contribution to the fulfillment of the sustainable development objectives. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study on the nursing personnel's characteristics from the municipality of Cumanayagua. Cienfuegos. From a universe of 235 nurses / ages, a sample of convenience consisting of 78 nurses / ages was chosen. Sex, age, years of experience (of graduates and in current work), activities they perform were analyzed. Results: municipal coverage with nursing personnel is supported by female professionals, aged between 40 and 49 years and experience in practice between 20 and 29 years. Among the main activities they carry out are health audiences for the entire community, especially for people over 60 and the population under 15; attention to elderly day care centers, full coverage of vaccination program, follow-up of childbearing age women, direct intervention in established health programs, active participation in identifying, prioritizing and causal analysis of the main health problems. They have a long period of work in family doctor's offices. Conclusions: nursing personnel in the municipality of Cumanayagua are characterized by executing comprehensive actions that favor the fulfillment of the objectives of sustainable development and possessing sufficient experience to do so with quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical uterine cancer is a cellular alteration which starts in the cervix epithelium due to the persistence of human papillomavirus oncogenic serotypes and that initially manifests itself through precancerous lesions of slow and progressive evolution. It still is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women in developing countries. World statistical data indicates that some 466,000 new cases occur each year, 80% of them in developing countries, of which 274,000 women die, despite being a preventable disease. The objective of this review is to compile information on its prevention and treatment, in order to be used for educational purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Menopause is a period in a woman's life subject to many changes. It is known that it is the complete cessation of menstruation, but the symptoms produced by it are often underestimated, even by health personnel. Through time, it has been mentioned in history, literature, culture, etc. There are many factors which condition the climacteric and menopause. The objective of this review is to compile information on the biological and social aspects that influence women's health at this stage of their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the health situation allows to characterize, measure and explain the health-illness profile of a population, including damages or health problems, as well as their determinants and trends. It promotes the identification of inequalities in risks, in damages, as well as evaluating the strategies designed for the solution of health problems. However, in practice, it has not become an instrument of daily use for daily work in the community. The objective of this work is to reflect on the health situation analysis and the challenges that this activity still faces in our environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundation: leptospirosis still is the most prequent zoonosis worldwide. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients with leptospirosis. Methods: Observational descriptive method which included 38 cases diagnosed leptospirosis in the Cumanayagua Municipality, Cienfuegos Province in the period 2207- 2017. The variables used were year and month of the diagnosis, age sex, precedence, vaccination antecedents, possible source of infection, signs, symptoms and complications. Data was collected from chronological series and epidemiological histories at the Municipal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology. Data processing was done with Excel and percentages and incidence rates were used. Results: during the period 2072 patients were reported as suspected to have the disease and only 38 were confirmed. The highest rate was in 2013 with 42.1%. Only 15% had antecedents of being vaccinated with the anti- leptospirosis vaccine. The infection source of higher incidence was to be an agricultural worker with 47.4%, followed by contact with animals 28.9%. Among the most frequent symptoms were fever, chephalalgias, myalgias and arthralgias. Conclusion: a sub-registration in the serological diagnosis of the cases., occupational risks with contact to agricultural activities and predominance of clinical anicteric form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: It is a challange to eliminate tuberculosis in Cuba. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically pacients with tuberculosis. Methods: observational descriptive research which included 24 cases reported with tuberculosis in Cumanayagua from 2007 to 2017. Tha variables analized were: year of diagnosis, classification according to the type of tuberculosis (pulmonary or extra-pulmonary), Age, sex, place of diagnosis, occupation, community, health area, associated risk factors, signs and symptoms. Data was collected from the chronological series and epidemiological histories existing at the Municipal Units of Hygiene and Epidemilogy in the municipality. Data processing was done by excell and percentages and incidence rate were used. Results: the highest rate of the disease presented in 2013. The highest number of cases was reported from 55 to 59 years old with 9 cases. Patients with positive basiloscopy with a 66,7 %. A 62,5 % was diagnosed in the second level of care. The male sex, retired and agriculture workers predominated. The most frequent risk factors were tabaquism and alcoholism. The most frequent symptoms were cough, loss of weight, asthenia and fiver. Conclusion: tuberculosis at the Municipality of Cumanayagua presented according to the clinical and epidemiological characteristics described in the literature reviewed; there were difficulties in the opportunity of diagnosis at the first care level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Foundation: Along the years, in the National Program of Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis of Cuba several changes have been done as those related to its evaluation, including new synthetic indicators. Objective: to evaluate the synthetic indicators for the location and detection of new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: descriptive research in health services and systems realized in health areas I and II of the Cienfuegos Municipality in the years 2013. The information was taken from the Department of Statistics of the Health Areas. The processing of the data to calculate the indicators was done with the program CALIND designed in Access, used with purpose in the Institute Pedro Kouri. Percentage and incidence rate were used as a Mathematical measures for the quantitative data analysis. Results: the application of the synthetic indicator was used to assess the quality of location of the tuberculosis cases in Area I. It was evaluated as deficient in this area and acceptable in Area II. The synthetic indicator was evaluated as deplorable in Area I and poor in Area II. Conclusion: the application of synthetic indicators for locating and detecting cases of Tuberculosis is coherent with the reality about the quality of case detection. It is corroborated its effectiveness to assess the process in the Program of Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Cuba, as in other western countries, Cervical Uterine Cancer is in the second place of oncological morbidity in women from 20 to 30 years old. There also studies which show deficient information about adolescents regarding sexually transmitted diseases and their consequences, among them developing cancer. This article is aimed at reflecting about the incidence of this disease at early ages; however the program for its detection includes performing cytology starting at 25 year old. It necessary then, to think the measures to be taken so that this scourge does not affect young women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]