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Astro-Tourism involves ‘using the natural resource of unpolluted night skies, and appropriate scientific knowledge for astronomical, cultural and environmental activities’. Astro-Tourism further includes specialised activities that differ from mass tourism, as tourists are exposed to knowledge-rich experiences. Well-known examples of Astro-Tourism destinations include Bryce Canyon National Park and Death Valley in the United States of America (USA). The Free State Gambling, Liquor and Tourism Authority (FSGLA) is the marketing arm of the Free State province and is responsible for attracting potential tourists to the province and solidifying the Free State as a destination of choice. Astro-Tourism has been identified as an opportunity to grow tourism in Bloemfontein and the Free State. This study found that Astro-Tourism is a niche product, and that the facilities currently on offer in Bloemfontein are in excellent condition and can potentially be further exposed to a broader audience through dedicated marketing initiatives and events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to analyze the effects of customer-employee interaction and digital attributes of engagement on customer value co-creation behaviors (CVCB), which in turn affect their satisfaction and the brand image of luxury hotels in Morocco. The research data was received through an online questionnaire from 583 tourists and analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 and Smart PLS 3.3. The findings strongly support that customer-employee interaction and digital attributes of engagement are positively and significantly related to CVCB, which consequently determine their satisfaction and thus reflect a positive hotel image. Furthermore, the bootstrapping procedure shows that CVCB significantly mediate the relationship between engagement platforms and brand image, and customer satisfaction. This research adds to the current literature on cocreation and tourism marketing and provides managers who design service encounters with insights to properly manage cocreation activities and improve customer perceived use-value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper undertakes an exploration of how the diversification of tourism markets and activities exerts its influence on economic growth, particularly in New Zealand. By employing a dynamic autoregressive distributed lag method, this study uncovers the interplay between tourism diversification and economic growth dynamics in New Zealand. Empirical results show that it is only the diversification of European markets that generated positive economic growth. However, the diversification of tourism activities emerges as a potent driver of favorable economic expansion. The evidence suggests that a strategic emphasis on augmenting tourism diversification from European markets holds the potential to magnify the positive economic impact of the tourism sector. Additionally, the proposition of enhancing diversification in tourism activities emerges as a key avenue for bolstering New Zealand's economic growth prospects. This study bridges a gap in the existing literature and furnishes policymakers with insights on how to harness the potential of tourism diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the heritage tourism consumption, it is essential to investigate how heritage tourist motivation and perceived authenticity affect their approach behavioural intentions through destination image and satisfaction. This study combined quantitative and qualitative approaches, involving covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM), fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), and the event-based narrative inquiry technique (EBNIT) to evaluate the antecedents for driving mechanism of heritage tourism consumption. Meanwhile, the moderating role of tourist inconveniences was identified in the formation process of approach behaviours. A sample of 646 Chinese travelers who visited the Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum was used for data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic had tremendously impacted the tourism sector. The worldwide movement restrictions implemented during the pandemic had put a halt on international travel and changed tourists' travel behaviour. Tourism Malaysia reported a great drop in the country's tourism revenue for 2020 and 2021, resulting from the COVID-19 hit. To cope with the catastrophic effects of the pandemic on tourism performance, domestic tourism has been the main focus to draw local tourists' attention away from the hazards of uncertainty. In this context, the stakeholders' understanding of Malaysian tourists' travel behaviour intentions following this catastrophe is vital to develop long-term recovery strategies and ensuring the sustainability of the tourism industry, moving forward. Studies which attempt to discover tourists' travel behaviour intentions, especially in light of COVID-19's unprecedented impact on Malaysians, are still very limited in number. This study, therefore, investigated the factors that affected Malaysian tourists' travel behaviour intentions after the COVID-19 pandemic. Relying on the enhanced Theory of Planned Behaviour, the factors constraining travel such as attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behaviour control, and perceived risks, which are highly related to tourists' travel behavioural intentions, were selected. Through a quantitative research approach, questionnaires were distributed to Malaysian tourists. The total sample size was 300 respondents. The findings demonstrate that most of the Malaysian tourists' travel behavioural intentions were affected by attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behaviour control, and perceived risks. However, perceived behaviour control was found to have the greatest impact on Malaysian tourists' travel behaviour intentions, followed by attitude, subjective norms, and perceived dangers. It was revealed that their travel behaviour intentions were influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, considering the travel behaviour intentions of the Malaysian tourists, a comprehensive plan must be devised to enable stakeholders involved in tourism recovery post-COVID-19 to develop focused marketing or promotional strategies to generate significant influence and return on investment in order to stimulate the performance of the tourism industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Professional Business Review (JPBReview) is the property of Open Access Publications LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a disruptive technology that is being used by smart tourist destinations (STDs) to develop new business models and marketing services to increase tourists' experiences and sales, revenue, productivity, and efficiency and STDs. However, the adoption of AI applications and platforms requires a high economic budget for STDs that want to integrate this digital tool into their future agenda and tourism development plans, especially when they set them up for marketing plans and operational processes. This iterative technology needs regular maintenance as well, leading to recurring costs and specialised crews in advanced technologies and marketing activities. This study aims to show the impact of AI advancements on STDs' tourism marketing to enhance the quality of services and illustrate their future agenda to improve tourists' experiences. A comprehensive literature review on AI technology and STDs has been conducted to illustrate new tourism marketing in their future agenda. Moreover, this study presents real examples of AI technology in a tourism context to better understand the potential of this digital tool. The findings of the current study support the idea that AI is a multipurpose tool that helps manage, monitor, and analyse sales information; revenue management; minimise prediction errors; streamline operations; and develop better marketing strategies, optimising economic resources, reducing marketing costs, and responding dynamically to changing needs for tourists and residents in STDs. Furthermore, the investment in AI technologies by STDs helps enhance the quality of products and services, and attract new investments, which benefit the regional economies and population's quality of life. This study is the first to address the use of AI to improve tourist marketing in STDs, which is its primary uniqueness. Also, this study identifies new opportunities and initiatives through AI that can be developed to help tourism marketing in STDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the beginning of 2020, the world experienced the COVID-19 pandemic in which several countries all around the world closed their borders and established isolation measures. These types of measures, in line with the spread of the virus, mainly affected those sectors where face-to-face interaction and mobility were central, as it was the case in the tourism sector. As a response to this crisis, some countries implemented policies to promote tourism within the same country. In this paper, we study the case of a tourist program applied in Argentina and estimate its effects on the tourism sector and the overall economy with a general equilibrium perspective addressing its implications in a context where government's budget constraints are binding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism literacy encompasses the development and utilization of knowledge and skills within the tourism. These skills encompass problem-solving for various stakeholders, including managers, employees, tourists, and residents. Furthermore, they involve a deeper understanding of tourist destinations and active contributions to sustainable tourism promotion. Surprisingly, despite the extensive literature on literacy studies in fields like economics, media, maps, and water, there remains a conspicuous gap in tourism literacy research. Consequently, the novelty of this subject has spurred researchers to address this void. Accordingly, the main aim of this study is to develop a scale that can measure individuals' tourism literacy, which will be the first of its kind. To achieve this, firstly a question pool was created. Then the scale was developed with expert opinions and pilot testing. CFA and EFA were performed for determining the final version of the scale. At the end of the study, a scale consisting of six dimensions (residents' knowledge and skills related to tourism, tourists' knowledge and skills, tourist guidance knowledge and skills, food and beverage management knowledge and skills, tourism management knowledge, and tourism management skills) was established, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Future research suggestions and study limitations have been mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work offers a structural model that explains farm tourist revisit intention (RI), which highlights place attachment (PA) and memorable tourism experience (MTE) in addition to tourist satisfaction, perceived risks (PR), and tourism destination image (TDI) as antecedents. Partial least squares–structural equation modelling was used to evaluate their theoretical relationships. Findings suggest that MTE and PA are the strongest predictors of RI, with satisfaction also influencing RI. The mediation analysis shows that PA partially mediates satisfaction and RI, and satisfaction partially mediates TDI and RI. This work also frames a new theoretical lens on the relationship of PR with satisfaction, TDI, and RI in the farm tourism literature. It provides farm tourism sites a better understanding of tourist behavioural intention to revisit, inputs to the design of initiatives for tourism marketing, and aids in short- and medium-term planning and resource allocation decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study employed the stimulus – organism – response framework to explore the relationships between destination social responsibility (DSR), environmental sensitivity (ES), and environmentally responsible behavior (ERB), and to verify the mediating role of ES and moderating role of DSR. Convenience sampling was performed to survey 391 tourists who visited the Shanmei and Ruili communities in Alishan, Taiwan, and structural equation modeling was used to verify the aforementioned mediating and moderating relationships. The results revealed that perceived DSR positively influenced the relationship between ES and ERB in tourists and that ES positively influenced ERB. When tourists perceived a high level of DSR, their ES increased, which in turn promoted ERB; therefore, ES played a mediating role in the relationship between DSR and ERB. Additionally, a high level of perceived DSR strengthened the relationship between ES and ERB in tourists. The findings of this study have management implications and provide future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While virtual reality tourism can stimulate positive emotions in tourists, the impact of these emotions on tourist participation, value co-creation processes, and the role of awe in tourism remain largely unexplored. This study is the first to explore the antecedents of co-creation in virtual reality tourism and reveal the role of awe in shaping co-creation. It investigated how awe induced by virtual scenic attractions can enhance tourists' experience and collaborative participation. An online survey utilizing the "Zhangjiajie Planet" XR metaverse platform served as the research stimulus. Data analysis was conducted on 556 valid responses collected from the survey, employing SPSS and AMOS for statistical evaluation. Awe was directly related to value co-creation and indirectly affected value co-creation through telepresence and content attachment. The findings highlight the importance of considering awe as a critical experiential component in the development of virtual tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducts an empirical analysis to examine the impact of payment methods on spending patterns and product preferences using micro-survey data on Chinese citizens' overseas tourism expenditures. A sample selection model was constructed to address the potential bias arising from the non-randomly selected samples used for estimation. Our findings suggest that payment methods significantly affect the amount on Chinese citizens on overseas tourism. And these impacts vary across different age and gender groups. Payment methods also significantly influence the product preferences of Chinese citizens' overseas tourism consumption. Moreover, it is also found that shopping venues significantly affect Chinese citizens' spending on overseas tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study on contact limited tourism stems from consumer behavior research dedicated to reducing customer interaction in consumer services. Its primary focus was to examine the behavioral intentions of tourists amid the post-COVID-19 pandemic, specifically exploring the concept of contact limited tourism. The investigation involved surveying students and lecturers in the Ho Chi Minh City area, employing the Theory of Planned Behavior model. This model helped assess how individuals’ perceptions of COVID-19 risks influenced their inclination to partake in travel with limited contact. The research findings highlight that factors like risk perception, subjective norms, and behavior control positively impact travel attitudes favoring limited contact. These results hold significance as specifically explore the concept of contact limited tourism, shedding light on the importance of reduced physical interactions in travel. This insight is valuable for designing and marketing tourism services in a post-pandemic era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of sustainable tourism represents a significant challenge for all tourist destinations. In particular, La Manga del Mar Menor is a destination with natural resources that have been affected in recent years by the pressures of mining and tourism. Although numerous studies have been conducted on this destination, none have focused on sustainable tourism marketing through an analysis of tourism promotion campaigns on television and social networks (2019-2023), before and after the pandemic. The objective of this article is to establish a synthesis between sustainable marketing and tourism destination planning [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia, as a country rich in natural resources and biodiversity, has a great opportunity to develop an environmentally friendly tourism sector. In the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest in tourism development, especially with regard to green tourism. This study aims to empirically test the effect of green tourism differentiation and green marketing on tourists’ decisions to visit certain destinations. The independent variables for this analysis are green tourism differentiation and green marketing. The dependent variable is visit decision. The intervening variable is visit interest. The sample for this research draws from tourists who are visiting or have already visited Paharangan Village Agrotourism. The engineering method, non-probability sampling, was used for the sampling. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires directly to respondents, totalling as many as 130 questionnaires, and multiple linear regression and path analyses were conducted. The results show that while green tourism differentiation and green marketing significantly positively affect visit decision and visit interest of tourists, visit interest does not affect visit decision, and visit interest is not proven as an intervening variable between green tourism differentiation and green marketing on visiting decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on both community-based and transaction-based platforms include tourism attractions, tourism services, and tourist emotions, but whether these two types will lead to similarities and differences in the overall image and segmented image is a proposition worth exploring. Based on the three-dimensional model of "cognition-emotion-integrity", Lijiang ancient city was used as the case area, Sina Weibo and Ctrip reviews representing community-based and transactional data respectively were used as the research data, combined with Python programming to call Baidu Sentiment Dictionary sentiment analysis method, used LDA to refine image themes, and constructed a co-occurrence relationship network map combining VOSviewer and Gephi to Analyze the similarities and differences between two types of data-driven overall image, cognitive image and emotional image and their influencing factors. The results show that 1) The overall image of destinations based on Sina Weibo's community-based and Ctrip's transaction-based reviews is mainly positive, with similar changes in annual image changes, and the distribution of emotional polarity is basically the same. 2) Although both community-based and transaction-based reviews can reflect cognitive and emotional image themes such as destination services, attractions, and environmental economy, the cognitive image theme score of the former is significantly higher than that of the latter, while the emotional image is the opposite . 3) There is little difference in the contribution rate of cognitive and emotional factors to the overall image of the destination driven by the two kinds of review data, while the effect of the economic price factor of the transaction type review is significantly higher than that of the community type review. The research provides a certain reference basis for using large-scale multi-source heterogeneous data to analyze destination image and tourism marketing work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural reserves, such as the Santurbán Moor in Colombia, are ecologically important but face significant threats from activities like mining and agriculture. Preserving biodiversity in these ecosystems is essential for maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable tourism practices. Identifying plant species in these reserves accurately is challenging due to environmental variability and species similarities, complicating conservation efforts and educational tourism promotion. This study aims to create and assess a mobile application based on deep learning, called FloraBan, to autonomously identify plant species in natural reserves, enhancing biodiversity conservation and encouraging sustainable and educational tourism practices. The application employs the EfficientNet Lite4 model, trained on a comprehensive dataset of plant images taken in various field conditions. Designed to work offline, the application is particularly useful in remote areas. The model evaluation revealed an accuracy exceeding 90% in classifying plant images. FloraBan was effective under various lighting conditions and complex backgrounds, offering detailed information about each species, including scientific name, family, and conservation status. The ability to function without internet connectivity is a significant benefit, especially in isolated regions like natural reserves. FloraBan represents a notable improvement in the field of automated plant identification, supporting botanical research and efforts to preserve biodiversity in the Santurbán Moor. Additionally, it encourages educational and responsible tourism practices, which align with sustainability goals, providing a useful tool for both tourists and conservationists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For the first time in China, blind box concept has been applied to tourism marketing, and it has attracted tremendous attention. Guided by cognitive appraisal theory and information gap theory, this study investigates the behavioral psychology of tourists in embracing or avoiding this form of tourism product. By integrating stimuli, emotional arousal (novelty, mystery, curiosity, and risk perception), and behavioral intention in the testing model, a survey with 343 valid answers leads to important findings of the paradoxical role of information gap (raising perceived novelty, perceived mystery, and curiosity but increasing risk perception simultaneously). In addition, there is a moderating role for curiosity in the application of the blind box concept to tourism products. Implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global pandemic has significantly impacted the economy, tourism industry, and its supporting industries. Many market areas of the tourism industry, including hotels, restaurants, and travel agents, have reached a point of saturation. To better understand how environmental uncertainty affects travel agency performance, this research will investigate the organizational strategic orientation's mediating impact. A questionnaire is used to gather the data, which is subsequently subjected to PLSSEM analysis. The population consisted of travel agent's manager across Indonesia, from which 75 were selected using purposive sampling. According to the findings, technology uncertainty affects the strategic orientation that organizations choose, and this includes entrepreneurial and market orientations, which might affect the learning orientation and organizational performance of travel agency organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interior design of hospitality settings is crucial for distinguishing a brand from its competitors. Drawing on color marketing and brand personality theories, this paper posits that aligning interior color tones with the brand personality of the hospitality and tourism brand can heighten tourists' perceptual fluency and thus their brand evaluation. Three studies support this proposition. The initial archival data analysis discovered a correlation between cold – warm interior tones and sincere – exciting brand personality in real-world hotel interior designs (Study 1). Study 2 revealed that cold tones evoke brand perceptions of sincerity, whereas warm tones elicit brand perceptions of excitement. Study 3 confirmed the effects of matching cold – warm tones with brand personality on brand evaluations and the mediating role of perceived fluency. The present research holds significant practical implications for hospitality and tourism suppliers in terms of interior design, brand personality identification, online platform promotional design, and brand marketing strategy development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the diversity of virtual influencers used as tourism ambassadors. Using qualitative research methods, in-depth interviews with 27 tourism professionals were conducted from August in 2023 to January in 2024. Data analysis revealed four key themes: Visual Impact, Control Over Image and Messaging, Promotion of Unrealistic Beauty Standards, and Limited Diversity Representation. This study offers an in-depth perspective on how diversity is reflected in virtual influencers, how the diversity of virtual influencers is connected to the values of modern tourists. Findings have managerial implications for the development of strategies to improve diversity using virtual influencers in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hiking tourism is an essential means of destination development. A holistic understanding of the hiking experience could benefit destination management. This study adopted topic modelling and an online review-based approach to determine the key attributes of hiking tourism in the context of seasonality. Data were collected from TripAdvisor and a comprehensive list of the attributes, discussed by hikers when visiting Dragon's Back Trail in Hong Kong, is constructed and categorized into five aspects. Insights into the hikers' interests and concerns about the experience attributes across seasons are revealed. The results show that the concerns for some attributes are more sensitive in specific seasons compared with other attributes. Precisely, this study found that seasonality has heterogeneous effects on hikers' experience. The results are beneficial to support local hiking tourism marketing and hedging strategies for different seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile applications have become an indispensable marketing medium for tourism companies. Given that half of the users delete the applications soon after completing their transactions, it is vital to improving the application quality based on the users' expectations. Thus, drawing on the Stimulus–Organism–Response theory, this study investigates the determinants of customer citizenship behaviour related to mobile travel applications. It is a type of value co-creation behaviour, including sharing feedback with the company to help improving its service provision. The analysis results of 315 data collected from travel application users revealed that flow experience and customer engagement, which are affected by mobile application quality, are strong determinants of customer citizenship behaviour. Alongside with the discussion of the findings, the theoretical and managerial implications are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potential of social media to promote ecotourism products and services, and nature conservation through engaging content, needs thorough exploration. This research focuses on TikTok social media platform, which has seen a surge in tourism-related content, particularly linked to Indonesian domestic tourism. As awareness of domestic tourism grows among Indonesians, the use of hashtags to highlight local attractions has become prevalent. This study aims to investigate TikTok's efficacy as a marketing tool for promoting domestic tourism in Indonesia, utilizing the hashtag (#) feature. The frequency of likes, comments, and shares of 50 videos (5 videos from each of 10 popular hashtags) were analysed. Additionally, the videos against the 7 dimensions of tourism product qualitywere further analysed. The cumulative engagement metrics for these TikTok videos included 14.9 million likes, 213.2 thousand comments, and 580.9 thousand shares. Despite more than half of the videos falling short of all seven tourism product quality dimensions, they still managed to attract millions of views and significant engagement. The findings suggest that TikTok holds considerable potential as an effective marketing tool for tourism industry, especially in enhancing visibility and engagement for Indonesian domestic ecotourism and nature conservation efforts. Future research should further explore the impact of content quality on long-term tourism sustainability and conservation awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the marketing strategy of tourism destination driven by big data is deeply discussed. Firstly, the application of big data in the tourism industry and the current strategy of tourism destination marketing are analyzed, and then the research methods are designed through factor analysis and big data analysis theory. After processing and factor analysis of the collected data, the influence of big data on tourism destination marketing strategy is analyzed, and the possible optimization path is explored. At the same time, the problems and challenges encountered in this process are also found and analyzed. Based on these analysis results, this study provides some theoretical and practical implications to promote the application of big data in tourism destination marketing strategies. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of big data and factor analysis in the formulation of future tourism destination marketing strategy, and puts forward the direction of future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While many have noted how country-level animosity negatively influences destination choice, little is known about factors that may dissipate animosity's pervasive influence over destination choice. This paper uses Cognitive Dissonance Theory as the theoretical backing to investigate how social return, a consonant cognition focused on the anticipated positive responses from posting travel photos on social media, mediates the negative influence of animosity, a dissonant cognition, has on intent to travel. One thousand six hundred fifty-three respondents from the United States' top five international markets (Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, and the U.K.) were surveyed with results showing social return partially mediating the relationship between animosity and intent to travel. These findings suggest target markets with high levels of animosity should not be entirely abandoned because there are psychological mechanisms to help dissipate or alleviate the negative effects of animosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of information and communication technology has enabled travelers to access abundant information and a wide range of available products/services that may satisfy their needs or wants. However, this phenomenon also poses a challenge to travelers who have to choose from an overwhelming collection of travel products. This situation, known as the paradox of choice, may have negative outcomes. This research tested the mechanism of relationships between choice set size and perceived responses to choice overload as affected by psychological distance. Results of multiple scenario-based experimental design studies indicated a negative influence of choice set size on the choice process (e.g., choice complexity/difficulty and task difficulty) in the context of tourism-related choices. This research demonstrated the moderating effects of hypothetical and social distances on the choice process. Therefore, it extended the theory of decision-making and provided important practical implications for tourism marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper applies information dissemination theory, consumer information behavior theory, signaling theory, and value co-creation theory to investigate the effects of companies' online platform operations from a tourism company perspective. We gathered data from 51 listed tourism companies in China between 1992 and 2022 to test these impacts. Results showed that using online platforms could improve listed tourism companies' performance, but not all platforms played the same role. Of the three online platforms we tested, official websites and WeChat accounts had significant positive influences on listed tourism companies' performance; Weibo had no effect. Group research revealed that online platforms most effectively enhanced hotels' performance, followed by comprehensive tourism companies. Resource tourism companies received no obvious impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research note aims to explore the relations between food tourism and short-video platforms, specifically TikTok, to understand how destinations promote food-related tourist experiences. Based on an exploratory qualitative approach, the study examines the role of food tourism in digital destination marketing focused on 29 TikTok videos from 16 global destinations. Results reveal that while food consumption is central to the promotion of these experiences, the content also emphasizes the preservation of local heritage and traditions through culinary products, dishes, and the surrounding environment. This highlights the importance of food in tourism marketing, as well as the collaborative creation of food tourism experiences that enhance the competitiveness of destinations. The research note contributes to advance research on the relationship between food tourism and social media, and it offers insights for future studies to explore the dynamic relations between destination marketing and food tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourist satisfaction is one of the most important factors for a destination's perpetual survival. The stakeholders seek to understand how to enhance tourist satisfaction. Prior research highlighted various methods to measure tourist satisfaction, but the use of Improvement Gap Analysis (IGA) has been found more effective in positioning the key destination satisfaction attributes in a grid form. The aim of this study is to analyze the attributes that influence the overall satisfaction of foreign tourists visiting Varanasi, which is a leading tourist destination in India. This study used IGA to distinguish and position 21 destination satisfaction attributes. Further, the statistically significant difference between average expected satisfaction and average current satisfaction is examined using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results provide a deeper understanding of the current satisfaction status of a heritage destination, but also provide scope for possible improvements by introducing new attributes. Furthermore, the study identifies critical areas of improvement for the following attributes: "maintenance of historical structures and monuments," "convenient local transportation," "sight‐seeing prices in terms of tourist satisfaction" in the context. The attributes used in the study to examine satisfaction of heritage destination can be used in similar contexts and adds knowledge to the existing body of tourism marketing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With overtourism becoming an increasingly widespread problem, it is becoming more and more important to better analyse trends of tourists' arrivals in a region, and to foresee the effects that alternative promotion campaigns, if delivered on an online destination platform, may have on the distribution of tourists in the region's destinations. To facilitate this analysis, the study proposes a tool that enables a Destination Management Organization to simulate the effect of an online promotion campaign, which uses Recommender Systems techniques, to select which destinations are promoted to each tourist. A case study is developed in South Tyrol, a highly-visited province in the Italian Alps. In the simulated scenario, tourists, who visited the region in the past, are simulated to be exposed to promoted destinations. Each simulated tourist can choose an option among the tourist's actual choice and other destinations that are promoted. The tool allows setting up simulations, and visualising their results. It also offers data analysis functionality to inspect tourism arrivals data. The experiments carried out in the study reveal a number of important effects on the expected distribution of tourists, and helps identifying which promotion campaign is likely to improve the sustainability of tourism in the province. The tourism data analysis and promotion campaign effect simulation tool developed in this work was positively evaluated by tourism domain specialists and usability survey participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Adab / Al-ādāb is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Professional Business Review (JPBReview) is the property of Open Access Publications LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many people share travel experience on WeChat Moments (WM). At present, most scholars have analysed the phenomenon from the perspective of destination image construction, but few of them investigate the uniqueness of the WM platform and the social factors of WM are rarely discussed. Based on the social comparison theory, this paper regards the sharing of travel experience on WM as an inducing factor of upward social comparison in WM, and explores its influence on travel intention. The role of benign envy and potential tourists' self-presentation in this mechanism are also explored. Through experimental design and survey instruments, it is found that high-quality travel experience sharing on WM may increase potential tourists' travel intention. In addition, high-quality travel experience sharing can induce benign envy, which will increase potential tourists' travel intention as well. When the level of potential tourists' self-presentation is high, the relationship between WM travel experience sharing and benign envy is stronger. The results provide theoretical insights into travel experience sharing. Practically, the potential tourists' benign envy and self-presentation intention can be used to benefit tourism destination marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper adopts the nearest neighbor index and kernel density analysis method to explore the spatial-temporal distribution types, spatial-temporal structure evolution and spatial distribution characteristics of 1 168 rural tourism destinations in Hebei Province in 2006,2016,2019 and 2022, and uses the geographical detector to analyze the role of various influencing factors in the spatial distribution of rural tourism destinations in Hebei Province and the dominant factors affecting the spatial distribution of various types of rural tourism destinations. It is found as follows. (1) The development stages of rural tourism destinations in Hebei Province can be divided into initial germination stage, slow development stage, rapid growth stage and stable rising stage. According to the types and characteristics of rural tourism resources, the rural tourism destinations can be classified into five categories: leisure and sightseeing, scenic spots, rural culture, heritage and relics, and specialty industries. (2) The overall agglomeration characteristics of the rural tourism destinations have become more obvious over time, and the number of agglomeration areas has increased steadily. The rural tourism destinations in the east of the Pingquan-Pingshan line are clustered in groups, and that in the west of the line are scattered, showing the distribution characteristics of "along the road" "near the water" "near the mountain" "around the city" and "near the scene spot". The spatial-temporal structure evolution of various types of rural tourism destinations is different, showing unique and distinct type characteristics. (3) The overall spatial distribution of the rural tourism destinations is affected by traffic conditions, geographical environment, economic environment, policy environment, market location and tourism infrastructure, among which geographical environment is the fundamental factor and the other factors play key roles. The dominant factors affecting the spatial distribution of the destinations of leisure and sightseeing, scenic spots, rural culture, heritage and relics, and specialty industries are geographical environment, A-level scenic resources, traffic accessing distance, terrain and hydrological conditions, economic environment and market location, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the heterogeneity of development differences and driving factors in the tourism dual-circulation market, this issue uses the Super-DEA algorithm to measure the efficiency of the tourism industry within and outside the 31 provinces in China, and investigates the spatiotemporal evolution of tourism dual circulation market efficiency by using conditional kernel density method and GIS spatial analysis. Through the Geodetector tool, we analyze the differences in the driving factors of tourism internal and external market. The results showed that: (1) In terms of static spatial structure, the difference in tourism market efficiency inside and outside China presents a regional segmentation phenomenon, with smaller differences in the east and the largest differences in the central region. (2) In terms of dynamic spatial evolution, the gravity center of tourism internal and external market efficiency is shifting to the southwest, and there appears a polarization phenomenon between low-efficiency areas and high-efficiency areas. (3) In terms of driving factors, factors at the product supply level are key to promoting efficient development in both domestic and international markets. Tourism products and supporting facilities play an important role in both markets. At the government behavior guidance level, the role of marketization and information technology in promoting the external circulation market is greater than that of the internal circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tourism sector is one of the supports for the Indonesian economy as well as a major foreign exchange contributor to the country. However, the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 caused the contribution of tourism to GDP to fall by 56%, namely to only 2.2% of the total economy. According to one online travel service platform in Indonesia, the cities of Bandung, Yogyakarta and Bali are areas that are frequently visited by tourists in Indonesia for domestic and foreign tourists. However, there is one area in East Java which is currently famous for its tourist destination, namely Banyuwangi Regency. Banyuwangi Regency is an area that has very broad tourism potential. However, unfortunately the number of tourists which experienced a decline until the Covid-19 period was over has not yet recovered to the number of visits before the pandemic. Several efforts have been made by Banyuwangi tourism managers in order to increase visits by local and foreign tourists. Several strategies implemented are still not able to increase the number of tourist arrivals in Banyuwangi. This research will focus on conducting exploration and existence as a marketing effort, especially on social media to provide a sustainable tourism impact in Banyuwangi district. A qualitative approach was taken to tourism visitors, tourism business people and tourism managers in Banyuwangi over the past year. Promotion via social media has been proven to be able to provide effective results in attracting tourist visits. Online promotion and maintenance of offline tourism facilities and infrastructure must be able to be carried out to produce sustainable and attractive tourism in the future. It is hoped that this research will be able to provide benefits in sustainable tourism development for the development of tourist cities, especially regarding the tourism sector in Banyuwangi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Lisbeth Bergh's nonfiction picturebook En lappefamilie: tekst og bilder fra Nordland (A Lappish family: text and pictures from Nordland) from 1905 is one of the first Norwegian nonfiction picturebooks for children about the life of Sámi. It contains Bergh's own illustrations and text passages in Norwegian, English, and German, which signals that the book addresses a national and international audience. Simultaneously, the book is published in an era characterized by an increasing interest in indigenous tourism, demonstrated through the popularity of world exhibitions and «human zoos». In this article, I explore Bergh's nonfiction picturebook in the light of "human zoos" and "living exhibitions" at the beginning of the 1900s and how her book alludes to the depiction of the Sámi for entertainment and information purposes. My close reading shows how the book reflects the categorization and systematization of the world and of exotic ethnic groups at the time. Furthermore, the reading confirms the book's very distinctive position in Norwegian children's literature history, and how it may have acquired a particular role in the promotion of Norwegian tourism at the beginning of the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]