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The two genera, Chaenotetrastichus Graham and Styotrichia LaSalle (Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), are newly recorded from the Oriental region, based on material reared from the pupae of Auplopus carbonarius (Scopoli) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) and a Pisoxylon species (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), respectively, collected using trap-nests. Styotrichia pisoxylona Cao & Zhu sp. nov. is described and illustrated as a gregarious endo-parasitoid of Pisoxylon sp. The generic diagnosis, biology, and distribution of Chaenotetrastichus and Styotrichia are updated. All described species of the two genera are reviewed and a key to them is provided. Based on morphology and available sequences of the D2 expansion region of 28S ribosomal DNA (28S D2), the relationships between the two genera and other members of the subfamily Tetrastichinae are tentatively discussed. The phylogenetic analysis of 28S D2 confirms that the two genera with enlarged mandibles, which are associated with aculeate Hymenoptera, are not closely related. DNA barcodes (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I, COI) of the newly described species and C. semiflavus (Girault) are provided and analyzed alongside publicly available COI sequences of related taxa. The result suggests that the genetic or species diversity of Chaenotetrastichus is underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a survey that was conducted from 2020 to 2021, specimens were collected from wheat fields (Triticum aestivum L.) in West Azarbaijan province in the northwest of Iran using a sweep net. These are Neotrichoporoides nyemitawus (Rohwer, 1921), a new report for Iranian fauna and the West Palaearctic subregion. Illustrations of N. nyemitawus are provided, and its morphological characters are discussed. Neotrichoporoides Girault, 1913 in Iran, is represented by two species, N. szelenyii (Erdös, 1951) and N. viridimaculatus (Fullaway, 1955). Hereby, an identification key for Iranian species was provided. A worldwide distribution map of N. nyemitawus is also presented. Its role as the most important biocontrol agent of the shoot flies, Atherigona spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of the genus Stepanovia Kostjukov, 2004 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), S. kostjukovi sp. n., is described from the arid steppe zone of southern coast of the Taman Peninsula (Veselovka village, Krasnodar Region). The new species is close to S. rosae Boyadzhiev et Todorov 2013 and S. fructirosae Boyadzhiev, Yefremova et Tozlu, 2017, and differs from the both latter species by the funicular segments of antenna shorter, ovipositor sheaths longer (up to twice as long as postcercale), and a combined length of ovipositor sheath and postcercale (almost equal to the length of hind tibia).

Eulophid larvae discovered in galleries of Agrilus cuprescens (Ménétries, 1832) within canes of Rubus sp. (Rosaceae) in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A. region between 2018 and 2021 were identified as Baryscapus rugglesi (Rohwer, 1919) (subfamily Tetrastichinae). This species had previously only been found in eastern North America. Identification was based on numerous specimens reared from larvae collected from eight disparate locations in western Oregon and Washington State, U.S.A., in 2019 and 2021, and examination against its type series from 1919 in Minnesota, U.S.A. and specimens from 1938 in New York, U.S.A (Mundinger 1941). Both sexes of B. rugglesi are herein redescribed and illustrated. Additionally, DNA sequences from specimens collected in 2019 were direct sequence matches with original specimens collected in 2018. The ubiquitous occurrence of B. rugglesi suggests it is likely a predominant parasitoid of A. cuprescens in the region. Baryscapus rugglesi is a gregarious larval parasitoid of several native Agrilus spp. in North America, so it is presumably native to the Nearctic region and has adapted as an alternative parasitoid of A. cuprescens, a Eurasian-native pest introduced into North America. However, COI sequences of B. rugglesi were similar to those of an unidentified eulophid from Europe in the Barcode of Life Database (almost 96% identity), possibly indicating a Holarctic distribution. Observed wasp biology, behavior, and perspectives on the potential role of B. rugglesi as a natural enemy within integrated pest management programs for A. cuprescens control are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nesolynx deltaphagus sp. nov. parasitizing the potter wasp species Delta pyriforme (Fab.) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) is newly described with illustrations from Kerala, India. This is the first report of parasitism of Nesolynx on Vespidae. A key for the Indian species of Nesolynx is provided along with the diagnosis of the new species with congeners. DNA barcode of the new species using universal primers of CO1 is also provided against accession number (Accession No: OK484482). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new genus of a Neotropical gall inducing tetrastichine eulophid on Araceae is described and confirmed using Ultraconserved Elements (UCE) phylogenomic data. Arastichus Gates, Hanson, Jansen-González & Zhang, gen. nov., includes two new species and one species transferred from Aprostocetus Westwood: A. capipunctata Gates, Hanson, Jansen-González & Zhang, sp. nov., A. gallicola (Ferrière), comb. nov., and A. gibernau, Gates, Hanson, Jansen-González & Zhang, sp. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis is an invasive species that is rapidly spreading around the world. Occupying new territories, H. axyridis often causes a decrease in the biodiversity of native species of coccinellids, competing with them for food resources. A comparison of H. axyridis with six species of ladybirds was made in terms of the ratio of the number of individuals and the degree of infestation with parasitoids. In the city of Moscow, the most widespread species of ladybirds was Adalia bipunctata (67.1%); H. axyridis ranks second (16.5%). The total infestation of H. axyridis pupae with parasitoids is 1.8% in Moscow and 12.2% in Yalta. Infestation with parasitoids of other ladybird species in Moscow is much higher: from 11.0% to 36.4%. Thus, parasitoids effectively regulate the number of the native ladybird species, but have an insignificant effect on the number of the invasive species H. axyridis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The only European species of the genus Anaprostocetus Graham, 1987, A. acuminatus (Ratzeburg, 1848), is recorded from the environs of St. Petersburg, Russia, for the first time. Additional diagnostic features, data on the distribution and host-parasitoid association are provided. A photograph of the female genitalia of this species is given for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The European species of the genus Tetrastichus (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, Tetrastichinae) are revised with 93 species, including 50 species described as new. The revision was conducted using an integrative taxonomic approach, based on DNA barcoding in combination with morphological characters. The Tetrastichinae are a biologically diverse and species-rich group of parasitoid wasps with numerous complexes of morphologically often very similar species that attack a wide range of hosts in over 100 insect families in 10 different orders. The genus Tetrastichus is, with almost 500 described species, the third largest genus of Tetrastichinae. Although biological information is lacking for most species, current data indicate that Tetrastichus species are gregarious koinobiont endoparasitoids developing on juvenile stages of mainly holometabolous insects. Due to their host specificity, several species of Tetrastichus are used as biological control agents. New information The European species of Tetrastichus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) are revised using a combination of externo-morphological and DNA barcoding data. This is the first integrative approach for any of the large genera of the Tetrastichinae. A total of 93 species are included, of which 50 are described as new: T. agonus sp. n., T. antonjanssoni sp. n., T. argei sp. n., T. argutus sp. n., T. asilis sp. n., T. ballotus sp. n., T. bledius sp. n., T. broncus sp. n., T. calcarius sp. n., T. calmius sp. n., T. clisius sp. n., T. cosidis sp. n., T. cumulus sp. n., T. cyprus sp. n., T. delvarei sp. n., T. doczkali sp. n., T. elanus sp. n., T. elodius sp. n., T. ennis sp. n., T. enodis sp. n., T. erinus sp. n., T. evexus sp. n., T. fadus sp. n., T. fenrisi sp. n., T. flaccius sp. n., T. gredius sp. n., T. iasi sp. n., T. illydris sp. n., T. incanus sp. n., T. inscitus sp. n., T. intruitus sp. n., T. johnnoyesi sp. n., T. lacustrinus sp. n., T. ladrus sp. n., T. lanius sp. n., T. lazius sp. n., T. lixalius sp. n., T. lycus sp. n., T. marcusgrahami sp. n., T. minius sp. n., T. mixtus sp. n., T. nataliedaleskeyae sp. n., T. nymphae sp. n., T. pixius sp. n., T. scardiae sp. n., T. splendens sp. n., T. sti sp. n., T. suecus sp. n., T. tacitus sp. n. and T. tartus sp. n. Two keys for the identification of species are presented, one for females and one for males. Based on DNA barcode sequences for 70 of the species, a Maximum Likelihood tree to assess phylogenetic relationships within the genus is presented. These 70 species are also characterised by a combination of CO1 and morphological data. The remaining 23 species, without a DNA barcode, are characterised by morphological data. Using a combination of data from the morphology and CO1 or morphological data only, the species are separated into three species groups (clito-, hylotomarum-, murcia-groups) with 41 unplaced species outside these groups. Hosts are known for 27 of the species and they are gregarious, koinobiont endoparasitoids on a wide range of immature stages of holometabolous insects and appear to be very host specific. The first host record for Lepidoptera (Tineidae) in Europe is included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new fossil species of Eulophidae, Kressleinius celans, gen. et sp. nov., is described from Eocene Baltic amber. It does not place into any extant genera within Eulophidae due to a lack of distinctive synapomorphies. The results of a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis placed K. celans in Tetrastichinae because of features shared with several genera, including having 6 flagellomeres past the anelli, admarginal setae short, propleura diverging, and a newly described feature of the transepimeral sulcus. This represents the oldest known fossil for the largest family of Chalcidoidea in terms of described species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oomyzus spiraculus Song, Fei & Cao sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) is described and illustrated as a gregarious larval-pupal endoparasitoid of Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Differentiation between O. spiraculus and its similar species is discussed and a key to differentiate the female and male of these species is provided. DNA barcodes of O. spiraculus and O. scaposus are analyzed and compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oomyzus flavotibialis sp. nov. is described from Liaoning and Shandong provinces, China. Oomyzus gallerucae (Fonscolombe) is reported for the first time from China. A key to Chinese species of Oomyzus is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information related to the Acrostic in Author, Apollonius of Rhodes. It mentions that meanings are equally appropriate to dealings with Medea and that Castelletti still entertains a degree of doubt as to the intentionality of acrostic. It also mentions dictionaries cannot make up their minds about the meaning in the first line of the tetrastich.

The following species of caudatus group of the genus Aprostocetus Westwood: A. anodaphus (Walker); A. caudatus Westwood; A. ciliatus (Nees); A. eurystoma Graham; A. leucone (Walker); A. longicauda (Thomson); A. lysippe (Walker); A. menius (Walker); A. rhacius (Walker); A. terebrans Erdös; A. verutus Graham and A. zosimus (Walker) were recorded from Georgia for the first time. Therefore all 12 species recorded from this genus are new for Lagodekhi (Sakartvelo) Protected areas too. A diagnosis for distinguishing this genus from other genera belonging to subfamily Tetrastichinae is provided. Three species A. eurystoma Graham; A. lysippe (Walker); A. menius (Walker,) and A. rhacius (Walker) are new for Transcaucasus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The harlequin ladybeetle Harmonia axyridis is a rapidly spreading invasive ladybug species. Parasitoids can be considered in view of the possible use of these organisms for the regulation of H. axyridis population size. The species did not experience considerable parasitoid pressure in the invaded territories during the first years after the beginning of the global invasion in 1996, but the share of parasitoid-infected insects in the invasive populations increased considerably on all continents several years after the invasion started. Data on the biology of all H. axyridis ladybeetle parasitoids known to date are summarized in this study, and the role of these organisms in the regulation of invasive H. axyridis population sizes is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lime leaf miner, Phyllonorycter issikii, is a moth species native to East Asia, which recently invaded considerable part of Europe. A study on the natural enemies of this invasive species was conducted in Bulgaria. Tilia cordata leaves infested with the lime leaf miner were collected in 2015 and 2016 in two public parks in Sofia. A total of eleven eulophid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) belonging to three subfamilies - Entedoninae, Eulophinae and Tetrastichinae, and one braconid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were recorded. In addition, one unidentified ichneumonid species was reared. Minotetrastichus platanellus was the most abundant species in the samples comprising 76.88% of the parasitoids reared from collected immature and pupal stages of Ph. issikii. It is followed by Sympiesis gordius (6.53%) and S. sericeicornis (6.03%). Three new host-parasitoid associations were established. The entomopathogenic fungi Beuveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales) were isolated for the first time from cadavers of Ph. issikii larvae and pupae. Based on the presented observation we hypothesized that the lime leaf miner can produce three generations in Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bactericera tremblayi (Wagner, 1961) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is reported on Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Brassicaceae) in northwestern Iran. Tamarixia monesus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae) was reared for the fi rst time on B. tremblayi, and compared with Tamarixia tremblayi, another parasitoid of B. tremblayi. Th is is a new record of T. monesus from the Middle East.

ABSTRACT A complete updated checklist of Iranian Eulophidae is presented in this paper. The list is based on a detailed study of all available data and publications and recently collected materials from different parts of Iran. One genus (Quadrastichus) and eight species: Neochrysocharis clara (Entedoninae), Baryscapus bruchivorus, B. szocsi, B. turionum, Oomyzus scaposus, Quadrastichus perissiae, Q. sajoi, Tamarixia monesus (Tetrastichinae) are newly reported from Iran. A total of 176 species belonging to 44 genera and four subfamilies, Entedoninae, Entiinae, Eulophinae and Tetrastichinae were recognized from Iran. Data on Biology and geographical distribution of the species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Aprostocetus doonensis Singh sp. nov. is described from northern India. The new species is a parasitoid of mango leaf gall midge, Procontarinia mangiferae (Felt) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Some observations on biology and parasitization rate are also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henryana magnifica Yoshimoto (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is reported for the first time in an Amazon rainforest area of Amazonas State and in a Brazilian Dry Forest area of Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Henryana magnifica Yoshimoto (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) no Brasil: Novos registros para a Floresta Amazônica e Caatinga Resumo. Henryana magnifica Yoshimoto (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) é relatada pela primeira vez em uma área de Floresta Amazônica do Estado do Amazonas e em uma área de Caatinga no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil.

Up to this report, only Minotetrastichus platanellus (Mercet, 1922) had been recorded from Georgia and Transcaucasia. We now report Minotetrastichus frontalis (Nees, 1834), Minotetrastichus loxotoma (Graham, 1961) and Minotetrastichus treron Graham, 1987 as new to Georgia and Transcaucasia, bringing the number of species of Minotetrastichus Kostjukov, 1977 in Georgia up to four. Diagnostic characters for distinguishing this genus from other genera belonging to subfamily Tetrastichinae are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, two species of Neotrichoporoides Girault, 1913, are recorded from Georgia (in the Transcaucasia) for the first time: N. dispersus Graham and N. viridimaculatus (Fullaway). A difference to separate this genus from others in the Tetrastichinae is provided. A list of species in the genus in the Caucasus is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crataepus marbis (Walker, 1839) was identified as a new record for Iranian fauna of Eulophidae. It is parasitoid of fruit flies, Achantiophilus hellianti (Rossi), Terellia serratulla (L.), Terellia nigripalpis Hendel and Urophora affinis (Frauenfeld) on Asteraceae flower head in the northwest of Iran during 2013-2014. This species was reared for first time from A. hellianti on Centaurea virgata; T. nigripalpis on Cirsium aduncum and C. haussknechtii on U. affinis from Cirsium sp. Its distribution in Iran was mapped and all biological associations were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

European species of the genus Anaprostocetus Graham, 1987 – A. acuminatus (Ratzeburg, 1848) is reported as a new record for Transcaucasia (Georgia).

Genus Tamarixia Mercet, 1924, was recorded from Transcaucasia and particularly from Georgia for the first time, therefore all 12 European species recorded from this genus are new for above mentioned geographic locations. A diagnosis for distinguishing this genus from other genera belonging to subfamily Tetrastichinae is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study species of Tetrastichinae from Kırıkkale and Çankırı are identified. Samples were picked from plants between June and August of 2010-2012. Of these, Baryscapus pilicornis Graham, 1991; B. pospelovi (Kurdjumov, 1912); Neotrichoporoides bulgaricus Graham, 1987; N. gordensis Graham, 1987; Oomyzus anomalus Graham, 1991; O. ellisorum Graham, 1991; O. gallerucae (Fonscolombe, 1832); O. sokolowskii (Kurdjumov, 1912); Tamarixia monesus (Walker, 1839); T. poddubnyi (Kostjukov, 1978); T. pronomus (Walker, 1839); T. upis (Walker, 1839); and Tetrastichus halidayi (Graham, 1961) are new records for Turkey. Names and references of species discovered in this study are shown in a table. The Tetrastichinae fauna in Turkey reaches 147 species in 19 genera with the addition of the species in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melittobia hawaiiensisPerkins (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a common gregarious ectoparasitoid of aculeate Hymenoptera and other orders of insects, is reported for the first time as a parasitoid ofMelitoma segmentaria(Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bactericera tremblayi (Wagner, 1961) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is reported on Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Brassicaceae) in northwestern Iran. Tamarixia monesus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae) was reared for the first time on B. tremblayi, and compared with Tamarixia tremblayi, another parasitoid of B. tremblayi. This is a new record of T. monesus from the Middle East. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Euthalia aconthea meridionalis Fruhstorfer (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) is documented as the first host record for the eulophid wasp Tetrastichus bilgiricus Narendran (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Karnataka, India. The male of this species is recorded for the first time and described. Illustrations of both the female and male, and host details are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fourteen species of chalcid wasps associated with plant galls, Rosa beggeriana Schrenk, Ephedra major (Host), Salix alba L., and Artemisia sieberi Besser were found in Kerman Province, south-eastern Iran during 2010 - 2011. The identified wasps belong to four genera consisting of Aprostocetus Westwood, BaryscapusFöerster, Sigmophora Rondani, and Stepanovia Kostjukov, Tetrastichinae (Hym.: Eulophidae). Ten species are newly recorded for the Iranian fauna including Aprostocetus arenarius (Erdös), A. cecidomyiarum (Bouché), A. diplosidis Crawford, A. epicharmus (Walker), A. fabicola (Rondani), A. fonscolombei Graham, A. lycidas (Walker), A. minimus (Ratzeburg), A. rhipheus (Walker) and A. zoilus (Walker). A. arenarius, A. diplosidis, A. epicharmus, and A. fabicola are associated with Diplolepis fructuum (Rübsaamen) (Hym.: Cynipidae) on Rosa beggeriana Schrenk. A. lycidas is associated with both D. fructuum on R. beggeriana and Artemisia sieberi Besser. A. cecidomyiarum, A. fonscolombei, A. rhipheus, and A. zoilus are associated with Ephedra major Host. A. minimus is associated with leaf galls of Salix alba L. Short taxonomic comments, biological data and geographical distribution of the species are briefly mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study which described and illustrated a new species of Stepanovia Kostjukov from Bulgaria that was reared from galls of Diplolepsis rosae on Rosa dumalis Bechstein, Rosa agrestis, Rosa micrantha Smith and Rosa canina Linnaeus. The researchers examined the specimens under a microscope and stereomicroscope. Details of diagnosis show the morphological characteristics of the female and male species.

In the pesent paper a list of the Eulophidae species (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) and their associated hosts in Iran is provided. A total of 106 species belonging to 37 genera and to the following subfamilies are listed: Entedoninae (seven genera/19 species), Entiinae (one genus/one species), Eulophinae (16 genera/45 species), Tetrastichinae (13 genera/41 species). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which describes the male species of the Neotrichoporoides bulgaricus. It mentions that the specimens used were collected by screen-sweeping at Pirin and Osogovo Mountains in southwestern Bulgaria and were air dried with isopropyl alcohol and point-mounted. It adds that a Canon Power Shot SD990 IS digital camera under a Carl Zeiss Amplival microscope was utilized to record the specimens. The result indicates that the female holotype of N. bulgaricus and the male species belongs to the Eulophidae family. Moreover, it was found out that the ventral plaque is situated in the lower half of the species.

A new species, Tamarixia sheebae, is described and illustrated. Tamarixia sheebae differs from T. bicolor Mercet and T. radiata Waterston in having the apex of gaster tilted upwards. It emerged from leaf galls of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wright & Arn. (Combretaceae), a tree with many medicinal properties in addition to its timber value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]