2,400 results on '"*REPRESSION (Psychology)"'
Search Results
2. Judges and lawyers' beliefs in repression and dissociative amnesia may imperil justice: further guidance required.
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Radcliffe, Pamela J. and Patihis, Lawrence
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SOCIAL justice , *RESEARCH funding , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *LAWYERS , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PUBLIC opinion , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *SURVEYS , *MEMORY , *ATTITUDES of medical personnel , *AMNESIA , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DATA analysis software , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
This article examines continuing misunderstanding about memory function especially for trauma, across three UK samples (N = 717). Delayed allegations of child sexual and physical abuse are prevalent in Western legal systems and often rely upon uncorroborated memory testimony to prove guilt. U.K. legal professionals and jurors typically assess the reliability of such memory recall via common sense, yet decades of scientific research show common sense beliefs often conflict with science. Recent international surveys show controversial notions of repression and accurate memory recovery remain strongly endorsed. In historical cases, these notions may lead to wrongful convictions. The current study surveyed the U.K. public, lawyers, and mental health professionals' beliefs about repression, dissociative amnesia and false memories. Study findings give unique data on judges' and barristers' beliefs. Overall, the study findings reinforce international scientists' concerns of a science – knowledge-gap. Repression was strongly endorsed by lay, legal and clinical participants (> 78%) as was dissociative amnesia (> 87%). Moreover, suboptimal professional legal education and juror guidance may increase misunderstanding. Correcting beliefs about memory function, and extending the contribution of memory science in the courtroom remains an important quest for cognitive scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Tackling addictive behaviors through memory suppression: A scoping review and perspective.
- Author
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de Almeida‐Antunes, Natália Alexandra, Sampaio, Adriana Conceição Soares, Crego, Manuel Alberto Barreiro, and López‐Caneda, Eduardo Guillermo
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SUBSTANCE abuse , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *COMPULSIVE behavior , *TASK performance , *RESEARCH funding , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *DRUG addiction , *FRAIL elderly , *ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation , *NEURAL transmission , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *MEDLINE , *DESIRE , *MEMORY , *LITERATURE reviews , *ONLINE information services , *PARIETAL lobe , *HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain) , *THOUGHT & thinking , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology , *COGNITION - Abstract
Forgetting is often viewed as a human frailty. However, over the years, it has been considered an adaptive process that allows people to avoid retrieval of undesirable memories, preventing them from suffering and discomfort. Evidence shows that the ability to suppress memories is affected by several psychopathological conditions characterized by persistent unwanted thoughts, including anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorders. Nevertheless, memory suppression (MS) mechanisms in addiction—a clinical condition characterized by recurrent drug‐related thoughts that contribute to repeated drug use—have received little attention so far. Addiction theories reveal that drugs change behavior by working on memory systems, particularly on declarative memory, which is related to the retrieval and encoding of drug‐related memories. In this review, the main behavioral and neurofunctional findings concerning the Think/No‐Think task—an adaptation of the classical Go/No‐Go tasks typically used to evaluate the suppression of motor response—are presented. We then show how the memory system can be involved in the craving or anticipation/preoccupation stage of the addiction cycle. Subsequently, the study of MS in the context of addictive behaviors is highlighted as a promising approach for gaining knowledge about the mechanisms contributing to the continuation of addiction. Finally, we discuss how interventions aiming to strengthen this ability could impact the anticipation/preoccupation stage by (i) reducing the accessibility of drug‐related memories, (ii) decreasing craving and attention toward drug‐related stimuli, and (iii) improving overall inhibition abilities. In conclusion, this review aims to illustrate how the study of MS may be a valuable approach to enhance our understanding of substance use disorders by unveiling the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms involved, which could have important implications for addiction treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. The consequences of trust and repression on the rise and fall of movements in authoritarian regimes.
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Sika, Nadine
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REPRESSION (Psychology) , *AUTHORITARIANISM - Abstract
This article analyzes the relation between interpersonal trust, repression, mobilization, and demobilization in authoritarian regimes. Does interpersonal trust impact mobilization in authoritarian regimes? Does an authoritarian regime's strategies of repression and cooptation fuel distrust among movement actors and consequently lead to demobilization? Through relying on qualitative analysis in Egypt in the aftermath of the January 2011 uprising, I argue that interpersonal trust plays a significant role in the mobilization process of opposition movements. Yet, when movement members' interpersonal trust levels and mobilizational capacities are high, authoritarian regimes utilize excessive repressive strategies to fragment and demobilize them. However, repression is not the only strategy utilized by regimes to demobilize the opposition. Other strategies, mainly cooptation and movement infiltration, are used by authoritarian regimes to fuel distrust among opposition movement actors and between movement actors and the citizens at large. These three strategies add to opposition movement's fragmentation and demobilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Repressing in the name of? Externalization dynamics in Turkey's use of digital repression against refugees.
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Böcü, Gözde and Al-Jizawi, Noura
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REPRESSION (Psychology) , *EXTERNALIZING behavior , *REFUGEES , *DIGITAL technology - Abstract
Over the last decades, Turkey has expanded its digital capabilities in various issue areas. At the same time, regime change under the Justice and Development Party has resulted in unprecedented state repression against various groups, which increasingly occurs via digitized channels. While Turkey has been building digital capabilities since the late 1990s, efforts to control the flow of refugees since 2015/16 have further resulted in the accumulation of such capabilities. Turkey's partners, most notably the EU, have been pivotal in Turkey's development in this sphere. We trace Turkey's deployment of its newly gained digital repressive infrastructure and triangulate insights from open-source data (i.e. government data, newspaper reports, and other digital traces) to map processes of (mis)use. We argue that the AKP regime is not only deploying digital and AI technologies for the purpose of border and migration governance, but it is also misusing these technologies by engaging in digital repression against refugees. We further find that digital repression strategies employed against refugee populations largely overlap with strategies used to gain control over political opposition and civil society actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. On Relating/Relations: Slaves and Slavery in the Texts and Concepts of Philosophy.
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Clemens, Justin and Benjamin, Andrew
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SLAVERY ,LIBERTY ,FAIRNESS ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,LEGAL history - Abstract
The article examines the profound connection between slavery and the concept of freedom, emphasizing how the notion of freedom is fundamentally dependent on the existence of slavery. Topics discussed include the paradox of freedom being grounded in slavery, the role of repression in obscuring the slave experience, and the challenges of impartiality in understanding slavery.
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- 2024
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7. Queer Economic Dissonance and Victorian Literature.
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RAPPOPORT, JILL
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QUEER theory , *COLLEGE curriculum , *WIDOWS , *FRIENDSHIP , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *VICTORIAN Period, Great Britain, 1837-1901 , *BRITISH literature - Abstract
"Queer Economic Dissonance and Victorian Literature" is a scholarly monograph that explores the intersection of economic desire and interpersonal relations in nineteenth-century literature. The book examines a range of economic strategies depicted in Victorian fiction and non-fiction prose, challenging the norms of economic discourse during that time. The author analyzes works by authors such as Charles Dickens, Charlotte Bronte, George Eliot, Mary Seacole, and Oscar Wilde, highlighting the diverse and unconventional economic practices portrayed in their writings. The book offers a nuanced and historical perspective on Victorian desire and its significance in affective relationships beyond the heterosexual dyad. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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8. Muslim Brotherhood Memoirs: Prison as a Link among Hostile Groups.
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Porat, Liad
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MEMOIRS , *PRISONS , *REPRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
In Egypt's 2012 elections, the Muslim Brotherhood came to power after many years of repression, an unprecedented victory for the country's most active opposition movement. The Brotherhood's journey can be divided into several stages. One of the most important, which has not received enough attention, is the imprisonment of many of its major figures. Long before the coup that overthrew President Mohamed Morsi in 2013, the Arab nationalist President Gamal Abdel Nasser brutally put down the movement with mass arrests. The Brotherhood's members dominated Egypt's prisons, but they were far from the only activists in the system, which also held communists, Zionists, and other Jewish prisoners. This article uses the memoirs of the incarcerated enemies of the state to examine the struggles of these groups inside Egypt's prisons and show how the institutions served as platforms to promote the ideological struggle against the regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Hongkongers' International Front: Diaspora Activism During and After the 2019 Anti-Extradition Protest.
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Ho, Ming-Sho
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ANTI-extradition bill protests, Hong Kong, China, 2019 , *COVID-19 pandemic , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *SOCIAL media , *DEMOCRACY , *POLITICAL doctrines - Abstract
The flare-up of protests over Hong Kong's anti-extradition bill amendment in 2019 gave rise to a global wave of organising among the city's overseas diaspora of students and migrants, persisting after the city's protest movement declined due to COVID-19 and repression. Based on 85 in-depth interviews with overseas activists as well as journalistic and social media data on events in six cities, this article examines the diaspora's pro-democracy campaign. Easily surpassing the previous mobilisational waves of 1989 and 2014, the newer diaspora activism gave rise to more numerous and widespread organisations, which were mostly decentralised and loosely connected. Responding to the rise and fall of protests in the home city, campaigners shifted from supplying protest-related gear to sheltering fleeing refugees, with the diaspora activism evolving into a global resistance against China's authoritarian expansion. Counter-protests by pro-China supporters increased publicity for the campaign, but also brought threats to personal safety. With the exception of Taiwan, Hongkongers found it difficult to localise their agenda in host countries, and their efforts were frustrated by growing political polarisation in Western democracies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. The Role of Feminism and Gender in Endorsement of Hookup Culture among Emerging Adults.
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Martino, Rachel M., Roberts, Savannah R., Maheux, Anne J., Stout, Claire D., and Choukas-Bradley, Sophia
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FEMINISM , *HUMAN sexuality , *SEX customs , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *SOCIAL movements , *GENDER - Abstract
Hookup culture has transformed the sexual behavior of emerging adults. Feminism, a movement that has advocated for liberating women from sexual repression, may be associated with hookup endorsement attitudes. This study explores the associations among multiple dimensions of feminism, gender, and hookup culture endorsement. Participants included 318 emerging adults (46% women; Mage = 22.2 years; 51% White, 27% Asian, 5% Hispanic/Latinx, 9% Black, 1% Middle Eastern, 1% American Indian, 6% Multiracial) from five Anglophone countries (62% U.S., 23% United Kingdom, 9% Canada, 5% Australia, 1% New Zealand), who completed the Feminist Beliefs and Behavior Scale and Endorsement of Hookup Culture Index via an anonymous, online survey. Participants were categorized according to their feminist identity label (feminist, non-feminist) and feminist belief system (hold feminist beliefs, hold non-feminist beliefs). A series of ANCOVAs was conducted, revealing that women who identified as feminist and/or held feminist beliefs reported significantly higher endorsement of hookup culture compared to non-feminist women with non-feminist beliefs. Neither dimension of feminism predicted hookup culture endorsement in men. When comparing feminist-identifying women and men, the gender disparity in hookup culture endorsement was eliminated. Together, these findings highlight how social movements, such as feminism, may be associated with young women's attitudes towards hookups, and may ultimately shape their sexual experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. New Religious Movements in Iran: Determinants of Toleration and Repression by the State.
- Author
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Farshchi, Ehsan
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RELIGIOUS movements ,ACTIVISM ,THEOCRACY ,CULTS ,REPRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
New religious movement activism can be perceived as a threat to mainstream order, sometimes resulting in repression by the state. New religions have become popular in Iran, a nation ruled by an absolute theocracy since 1979, yet the state appears to have tolerated the majority of new religious movements while repressing others. Through a comparative examination of the Islamic Republic of Iran's varying responses to the presence and activities of such movements, I present a model in which state repression is predicated on a movement's strength as measured by its access to resources vis- à- vis resource mobilization theory. Three characteristics--membership size, expansive geographical presence, and cultural proximity to the mainstream--seem to be the factors that differentiate repressed movements from tolerated ones. In addition, the comparison reveals that protests against state repression of a given movement reduce the severity of the state's actions against it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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12. When secrets come to mind: Preoccupation, suppression and engagement.
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Davis, Christopher G., Wright, George P., and McMillan, Cassandra
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PRIVACY , *THOUGHT & thinking , *SOCIAL participation , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *GUILT (Psychology) , *BEHAVIOR disorders , *MEDICAL ethics , *RESEARCH funding , *LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
When secrets come to mind, do people try to suppress them or do they engage with them? Whereas earlier research suggested that people try to suppress secrets, recent work suggests that people often engage with their secrets. Although thought suppression tends to be associated with greater distress, engagement may be ameliorative. In two longitudinal studies of 653 adults (55% women; Mage = 41.3, SD = 12.4) keeping a secret from their partner, we show that engagement with and suppression of secrets are highly positively related. Like suppression, the more people engage with secrets, the more negative affect and guilt they report feeling. Longitudinal analyses indicate that whereas changes over time in engagement and suppression both predicted reduced secret preoccupation, reductions in suppression (but not engagement) mediated reductions in guilt and negative affect. These results indicate that suppression and engagement are more intimately connected than previously thought. We found no evidence that engagement was ameliorative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Defence mechanisms and repression in pastoral care.
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Soans, Rhonda
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PASTORAL care ,PASTORAL counseling ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,DEFENSE mechanisms (Psychology) ,SPIRITUAL healing ,MENTAL healing - Published
- 2024
14. "Et soudain, le Portugal est devenu le laboratoire de toutes les gauches, dans une ambiance de grande fête européenne".
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Beck, Dimitri
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REPRESSION (Psychology) ,REVOLUTIONS ,DEMOCRACY - Abstract
The article offers information on Sebastião Salgado's experience in Portugal during the Carnation Revolution, including his initial impressions of the country under Salazar's regime, the atmosphere of sadness, and repression he observed. Topics include the transformative events of the revolution on April 25, 1974, signaled by the broadcast of the banned song "Grândola, Vila Morena," the peaceful nature of the revolution, and the subsequent celebrations and manifestations of democracy.
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- 2024
15. Psychometric analysis of the Group Climate Inventory—Revised in adults with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning in a secure residential facility.
- Author
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Turhan, A., Roest, J. J., Delforterie, M. J., Van der Helm, G. H. P., Neimeijer, E. G., and Didden, R.
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AFFINITY groups , *INDIVIDUAL development , *SOCIAL support , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *RESEARCH methodology evaluation , *RESEARCH methodology , *CONSUMER attitudes , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *RESIDENTIAL care , *FACTOR analysis , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *INTELLECTUAL disabilities , *GROUP psychotherapy ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Background: In secure residential facilities, group climate perceptions of clients with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning are systematically assessed for quality improvement. A valid and reliable measure may ensure that this process is consistent. The Group Climate Inventory—Revised (GCI‐R) is a new measure to assess group climate perceptions. Method: Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in 148 adult clients (79% male) with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning in a secure facility to examine internal structure validity and internal consistency reliability of the GCI‐R. Results: The results indicate support for the five‐factor structure of the GCI‐R ('Support', 'Growth', 'Repression', 'Peer interactions', and 'Physical environment'). The internal consistency reliability of its scales ranged from acceptable to good (α:.72–.87; ω:.76–.86). Conclusion: The GCI‐R demonstrates evidence of psychometric adequacy when applied to adult clients with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning in secure residential facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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16. Impresarios of identity: How the leaders of Czechoslovakia's 'Candlelight Demonstration' enabled effective collective action in a context of repression.
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Jurstakova, Klara, Ntontis, Evangelos, and Reicher, Stephen
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COLLECTIVE efficacy , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *LEADERSHIP , *SELF-perception , *SOCIAL change , *PRACTICAL politics , *GROUP identity , *LEADERS , *INTERVIEWING , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of identity leadership (Haslam et al., The new psychology of leadership: Identity, influence and power, Routledge, 2020) in the 1988 'Candlelight Demonstration' in Bratislava which was a precursor to the 1989 Velvet Revolution. The analysis is based on interviews with the five remaining leaders of the demonstration and addresses three core issues. First, how leaders use performative means (identity impresarioship) as well as limited rhetorical means (identity entrepreneurship) to assemble protestors and create a sense of shared identity amongst them. Second, how these strategies of mobilization are linked to the highly repressive context in which the demonstration took place. Third, we analyse the extent to which these strategies are rooted in a psychological understanding of the processes of mobilization. We conclude by addressing the implications for our general understanding of leadership and the mobilization of collective action and the need for more research into these processes under conditions of repression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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17. La psiquiatría del primer franquismo: una historia del olvido de la salud mental.
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VALIÑO VÁZQUEZ, NOELIA
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HISTORY of psychiatry , *PSYCHIATRY , *BEHAVIOR modification , *MENTAL illness , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *WAR , *PRISONERS , *PROFESSIONS , *ATTITUDES toward mental illness , *MILITARY hospitals - Abstract
In this research we present an approach to the change of mentality regarding mental illness advocated in the works of early Francoist psychiatrists such as Antonio Vallejo-Nágera or Juan José López Ibor. Their ideas, publications and research offered the regime the possibility of modifying the lists of inmates of the psychiatric institutions of the time, whose beds began to be occupied by people from prisons, military hospitals or the streets, with the aim of subjecting them to treatments and medications to modify behaviors and attitudes identified by Franco's psychiatric knowledge as being far from "correct" and "normal". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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18. The Economic and Academic Contributions of Fritz Neumark in Türkiye: The Impact of a German Scholar.
- Author
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AYDEMİR, Burak
- Subjects
COLLEGE teachers ,WORLD War II ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,HIGHER education - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Public Finance Studies / Maliye Çalismalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Public Finance Studies / Maliye Calismalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Die italienische Besatzungsherrschaft in Montenegro 1941 bis 1943.
- Author
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Goddi, Federico
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MONTENEGRINS ,WORLD War II ,FASCISM ,REPRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
Copyright of Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Suicide Among Monotheistic Religions: Between Sacrifice, Honour and Power.
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Citlak, Amadeusz
- Subjects
- *
SUICIDE prevention , *ALTRUISM , *DEATH , *JUDAISM , *ISLAM , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *ETHNOLOGY , *SOCIAL theory , *EMOTIONS , *BEHAVIOR , *FRUSTRATION , *SPIRITUALITY , *RELIGION , *SOCIAL skills , *SHAME , *CHRISTIANITY , *SOCIAL control - Abstract
This article discusses the problem of suicide in monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam), focusing on their early existence and considering the original contribution of Christianity. The first part presents the main theses of E. Durkheim on altruistic suicide and the concept of honour. This provides an opportunity to examine the problem of suicide in monotheistic religions from a more comprehensive perspective and recognise a certain specificity of suicide that was absent in altrusitic suicide. The analysis of the problem in relation to the concept of honour is also a valuable starting point for complementary psychological theories. The second part of the article is a more detailed discussion of suicide in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The results provide a better understanding of the origins and nature of suicide in monotheistic religions whilst opening up a discussion on the possibility of suicide prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Factors that contribute to an inability to remember an important aspect of a traumatic event.
- Author
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Langeslag, Sandra J. E. and Posey, Zachary W.
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LIFE change events , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *DISSOCIATIVE disorders , *CHILD abuse , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *FISHER exact test , *RISK assessment , *COMPARATIVE studies , *SLEEP disorders , *EXPERIENCE , *UNDERGRADUATES , *T-test (Statistics) , *BUPROPION , *SEX crimes , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CLASSIFICATION of mental disorders , *EMOTIONS , *AMNESIA , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Dissociative amnesia is controversial. We tested other factors that could contribute to an inability to remember an important aspect of a traumatic event: how traumatic the event was, organic amnesia, dissociative state, childhood amnesia, expression suppression, sleep disturbance, repeated experiences, and ordinary forgetting. Trauma survivors who reported an inability to remember an important aspect of a traumatic event rated the event as traumatic as trauma survivors who reported no such inability to remember. Moreover, all cases of an inability to remember an important aspect of the traumatic event could be explained by at least one factor other than dissociative amnesia. These findings are contrary to dissociative amnesia. Compared to participants who reported no inability to remember an important aspect of the traumatic event, participants who did report an inability to remember were more likely to (1) have felt disconnected from their body during the traumatic event, which may have altered memory encoding, (2) have experienced sleep problems in the year after the traumatic event, which may have reduced memory consolidation, and (3) have experienced the traumatic event repeatedly, which may have led to less detailed memories. These findings have implications for the inclusion of dissociative amnesia in the DSM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Increase in physiological inhibitory control results in better suppression of unwanted memories.
- Author
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Gunduz, Turan, Gunduz, Hasan, and Cetinkaya, Hakan
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- *
REPRESSION (Psychology) , *TASK performance , *URINARY incontinence , *CONTROL (Psychology) , *FALSE memory syndrome - Abstract
Forgetting or suppressing a memory with unwanted content is just as important as remembering a desirable one. In addition to emphasizing the role of inhibitory control in memory suppression processes, neuropsychological studies have indicated that an intentional inhibition targeting a brain area may exert its inhibitory effects in seemingly unrelated areas through a common inhibitory network. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the suppression of unwanted memories can be strengthened by recruiting an inhibitory task that can be simultaneously performed with a memory suppression task. Therefore, we manipulated the level of urinary urgency‐induced inhibition of participants (N = 180) and test its effect on the suppression of unwanted memories using a Think/No‐Think (T/NT) task. The results of our study indicated that individuals with high levels of urinary urgency demonstrated greater memory suppression compared to those with low urinary urgency. Findings and their implications are discussed within the context of cognitive and clinical perspectives, and recommendations are made for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Complaints: Mechanisms for prisoner participation?
- Author
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Banwell-Moore, Rebecca and Tomczak, Philippa
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LITERATURE reviews ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,PRISONERS ,PARTICIPATION ,PRISON system ,BUREAUCRACY ,FOSTER children - Abstract
In prisons, participatory mechanisms can foster important outcomes including fairness, legitimacy and dignity. Complaints are one significant (symbolic) mechanism facilitating prisoner participation. Ombud institutions/Ombudsmen handle complaints externally, providing unelected accountability mechanisms and overseeing prisons around the world. A fair complaints process can stimulate prisoner voice, agency and rights protection, potentially averting self-harm and violence, and facilitating systemic improvements. However, complaints mechanisms are little studied. Addressing this gap, we: i) contextualise discussion by demonstrating that prisoners' actions have directly shaped complaints mechanisms available today; ii) outline prison complaints mechanisms in the case study jurisdiction of England and Wales; and iii) provide a critical review of literature to assess whether prison complaints systems are, in practice, participatory, inclusive and fair? We conclude that complaints mechanisms hold clear potential to enhance prison legitimacy, facilitate prisoner engagement and agency, and improve wellbeing and safety. However, myriad barriers prevent prisoners from participating in complaints processes, including culture, fear, accessibility, timeliness, emotional repression, and bureaucracy. The process of complaining and experiences of these barriers are uneven across different groups of prisoners. Our article provides a springboard for future empirical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Unions support pro-Palestine students as repression grows
- Author
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Shantz, Jeff
- Published
- 2024
25. "I feel like Chuck Norris, you know?": Masculinity and Racial Erasure in River's Edge (1987).
- Author
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Hawk, Angela
- Subjects
- *
INTERPERSONAL relations , *MISOGYNY , *REPRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
The article focuses on masculinity and racial erasure in the film "River's Edge" and screenwriter Neal Jimenez based the characters on his own high school acquaintances. It mentions "River's Edge" provided a nuanced portrayal of learned social behaviors that perpetuate emotional repression and misogyny. It also mentions film reinforces perceptions that only white criminality merits nuanced discussions about mental state, motive, environment, and upbringing.
- Published
- 2021
26. MiR-199a-5p Decreases Esophageal Cancer Cell Proliferation Partially through Repression of Jun-B.
- Author
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Phatak, Pornima, Tulapurkar, Mohan E., Burrows, Whitney M., and Donahue, James M.
- Subjects
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REPRESSION (Psychology) , *MICRORNA , *METASTASIS , *COMPARATIVE studies , *CELL proliferation , *RESEARCH funding , *CELL lines , *EPITHELIAL cells , *TRANSCRIPTION factors , *ESOPHAGEAL tumors - Abstract
Simple Summary: The expression of specific microRNAs may be significantly altered in different kinds of cancers. MiR-199a-5p has been shown to be downregulated in multiple malignancies and function as a tumor suppressor. We have previously shown that miR-199a-5p is markedly downregulated in esophageal squamous cancer cell lines compared to esophageal epithelial cells. MiR-199a-5p is predicted to interact directly with Jun-B mRNA, an important component of the AP1 transcription factor, with high affinity. The aim of our study was to determine expression of Jun-B in esophageal cancer cells as well as to investigate the interaction between miR-199a-5p and Jun-B in these cells and to characterize the functional implications of this interaction. MicroRNA (miR)-199a-5p has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor in some malignancies but its role in esophageal cancer is poorly understood. To further explore its role in esophageal cancer, we sought to investigate the interaction between miR-199a-5p and Jun-B, an important component of the AP1 transcription factor, which contains a potential binding site for miR-199a-5p in its mRNA. We found that levels of miR-199a-5p are reduced in both human esophageal cancer specimens and in multiple esophageal cancer cell lines compared to esophageal epithelial cells. Jun-B expression is correspondingly elevated in these tumor specimens and in several cell lines compared to esophageal epithelial cells. Jun-B mRNA expression and stability, as well as protein expression, are markedly decreased following miR-199a-5p overexpression. A direct interaction between miR-199a-5p and Jun-B mRNA was confirmed by a biotinylated RNA-pull down assay and luciferase reporter constructs. Either forced expression of miR-199a-5p or Jun-B silencing led to a significant decrease in cellular proliferation as well as in AP-1 promoter activity. Our results provide evidence that miR-199a-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in esophageal cancer cells by regulating cellular proliferation, partially through repression of Jun B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Social workers' navigation between repression and social support for men purchasing sex.
- Author
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Grönvall, Ylva
- Subjects
HUMAN trafficking ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,SOCIAL support ,SOCIAL workers ,RESEARCH methodology ,PATIENT-centered care ,MEN ,SEX work ,INTERVIEWING ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,GOVERNMENT policy ,THEMATIC analysis ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Menin Maintains Cholesterol Content in Colorectal Cancer via Repression of LXR-Mediated Transcription.
- Author
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Nyul, Thomas E., Beyries, Keely, Hojnacki, Taylor, Glynn, Rebecca, Paulosky, Kayla E., Gedela, Anitej, Majer, Ariana, Altman, Lily, Buckley, Kole H., Feng, Zijie, Sun, Kunfeng, Peng, Zhicheng, Tobias, John W., Hua, Xianxin, and Katona, Bryson W.
- Subjects
- *
PROTEIN metabolism , *IN vitro studies , *BIOCHEMISTRY , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *IN vivo studies , *SEQUENCE analysis , *ANIMAL experimentation , *PHENOMENOLOGICAL biology , *COLORECTAL cancer , *CELLULAR signal transduction , *GENE expression , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DNA-binding proteins , *RESEARCH funding , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHALONES , *TRANSCRIPTION factors , *CELL lines , *CHOLESTEROL , *MICE - Abstract
Simple Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and new therapeutic approaches are direly needed to improve the outcomes of metastatic disease. Herein, we uncover that menin, a nuclear scaffold protein that has a myriad of tissue-specific effects on gene transcription, serves as a novel regulator of cholesterol homeostasis in CRC cell lines in vitro and in the benign colonic epithelium in vivo. Specifically, we demonstrate that menin inhibits the transcription of LXR-regulated genes, including the cholesterol exporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, leading to increased cellular cholesterol content. Conversely, menin inhibition reduces total cellular cholesterol content and sensitizes CRC to small molecule EGFR inhibitors and lipid-poor conditions. These combined findings demonstrate that menin is a key regulator of cholesterol homeostasis in both CRC and the colonic epithelium, and targeting menin may be an effective route for improving therapies for CRC. Background and Aims: Menin is a nuclear scaffold protein that regulates gene transcription in an oftentimes tissue-specific manner. Our previous work showed that menin is over-expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the full spectrum of menin function in colonic neoplasia remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to uncover novel menin-regulated pathways important for colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods: RNA-Seq analysis identified that menin regulates LXR-target gene expressions in CRC cell lines. Isolated colonic epithelium from Men1f/f;Vil1-Cre and Men1f/f mice was used to validate the results in vivo. Cholesterol content was quantified via an enzymatic assay. Results: RNA-Seq analysis in the HT-29 CRC cell line identified that menin inhibition upregulated LXR-target genes, specifically ABCG1 and ABCA1, with protein products that promote cellular cholesterol efflux. Similar results were noted across other CRC cell lines and with different methods of menin inhibition. Consistent with ABCG1 and ABCA1 upregulation, and similarly to LXR agonists, menin inhibition reduced the total cellular cholesterol in both HT-29 and HCT-15 cells. To confirm the effects of menin inhibition in vivo, we assessed Men1f/f;Vil1-Cre mice lacking menin expression in the colonic epithelium. Men1f/f;Vil1-Cre mice were found to have no distinct baseline phenotype compared to control Men1f/f mice. However, similarly to CRC cell lines, Men1f/f;Vil1-Cre mice showed an upregulation of Abcg1 and a reduction in total cellular cholesterol. Promoting cholesterol efflux, either via menin inhibition or LXR activation, was found to synergistically suppress CRC cell growth under cholesterol-depleted conditions and when administered concomitantly with small molecule EGFR inhibitors. Conclusions: Menin represses the transcription of LXR-target genes, including ABCA1 and ABCG1 in the colonic epithelium and CRC. Menin inhibition conversely upregulates LXR-target genes and reduces total cellular cholesterol, demonstrating that menin inhibition may be an important mechanism for targeting cholesterol-dependent pathways in colorectal carcinogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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29. نقش میانجی عملکرد روانشناختی مثبت در رابطه بین خلق و خو، جبران افراطی و سرکو بگری عاطفی با تابآوری در بیماران مبتلا به سرطان گوارش: یک مطالعه توصیفی
- Author
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Khorramabadi, Maryam and Khaleghipour, Shahnaz
- Subjects
- *
REPRESSION (Psychology) , *GASTROINTESTINAL cancer , *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Psychologically, cancer causes a significant decrease in the patient's quality of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of positive psychological functioning in the relationship between mood, overcompensation, and emotional suppression and resilience in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Materials and Methods: This descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population was all patients with gastrointestinal cancer in Shahid Rahimi and Shohada-ye Ashayer Hospitals in Khoramabad City in 2021, and 148 people were selected by purposive sampling. The desired data were collected using Weinberger's Emotional Suppression, Conner-Davidson's Resilience, Young-Rygh's Extreme Compensation, and Rajaei et al.'s Positive Psychological Functioning Questionnaires, and Temperament and Character Inventory. Data analysis was done using path analysis method. Results: The results showed that positive psychological performance has a mediating role in the relationship between temperament and resilience (β=0.621) and in the relationship between overcompensation and resilience (β=0.412) (p<0.001). Also, mood (β=0.421, extreme compensation (β=0.365), repression (β=0.647), and positive psychological function (β=0.723) have a direct effect on the resilience of patients with digestive cancer (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that positive psychological functioning mediates the effect of mood on the resilience of cancer patients. Therefore, it appears that cancer patients with positive psychological functioning can increase their resilience to deal with the negative consequences of cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
30. Doctored photographs create false memories of spectacular childhood events. a replication of Wade et al. (2002) with a Scandinavian twist.
- Author
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Johnson, Miriam S., Magnussen, Svein, Foyn Asmyhr, Anders, Jensen Helgeland, Johanna, Pilegaard Jonassen, Marie, Lundal, Emil, Haua Marthinsen, Marthe, Sikveland, Kai, Sjøflot, Ann Kristin, Skoglund, Rebekka Synøve, Tallaksen, Patrick, Døhlen Fjeldberg Tangen, Marthe Elise, Tran, Johnny, and Flatebø Widmark, Line
- Subjects
- *
REPRESSION (Psychology) , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *INTERVIEWING , *REPLICATION (Experimental design) , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHI-squared test , *FALSE memory syndrome - Abstract
Can exposure to a doctored photograph of a plausible yet fictitious childhood event create false memories in adults? Twenty years ago, (Wade, K. A., Garry, M., Don Read, J., & Lindsay, D. S. (2002). A picture is worth a thousand lies: Using false photographs to create false childhood memories. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9(3), 597–603) found that half of the participants reported false beliefs or memories after multiple interview sessions about a doctored photograph of themselves as children on a fictitious hot air balloon ride. In this replication, which rigorously recreated the method and procedure of Wade et al. (2002), participants were interviewed over three interview sessions using free recall and imagery techniques about three true and one fictitious childhood event photos. The balloon ride was modified to a culturally appropriate target event – a Viking ship ride – to ensure that the doctored photograph was functionally equivalent. The results showed almost identical patterns in the two studies: 40% (n = 8) of the participants reported partial or clear false beliefs or memories compared with 50% (n = 10) in the original study. The participants who reported false memories reported detailed and coherent memory narratives of the Viking ship ride not depicted in the doctored photograph. Our study successfully replicating the results of Wade et al. (2002), suggest that memories can relatively easily be implanted, regardless of cultural setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
31. International Sports Events and Repression in Autocracies: Evidence from the 1978 FIFA World Cup.
- Author
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SCHARPF, ADAM, GLÄßEL, CHRISTIAN, and EDWARDS, PEARCE
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- *
SPORTS events , *FIFA World Cup , *AUTHORITARIANISM , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *SPORTS journalism - Abstract
How do international sports events shape repression in authoritarian host countries? International tournaments promise unique gains in political prestige through global media attention. However, autocrats must fear that foreign journalists will unmask their wrongdoings. We argue that autocracies solve this dilemma by strategically adjusting repression according to the spatial-temporal presence of international media. Using original, highly disaggregated data on the 1978 World Cup, we demonstrate that the Argentine host government largely refrained from repression during the tournament but preemptively cleared the streets beforehand. These adjustments specifically occurred around hotels reserved for foreign journalists. Additional tests demonstrate that (1) before the tournament, repression turned increasingly covert, (2) during the tournament, targeting patterns mirrored the working shifts of foreign journalists, (3) after the tournament, regime violence again spiked in locations where international media had been present. Together, the article highlights the human costs of megaevents, contradicting the common whitewashing rhetoric of functionaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The mysterious memory gap.
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Hamzelou, Jessica
- Subjects
- *
RECOVERED memory , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *RECOLLECTION (Psychology) , *FALSE memory syndrome , *CRIMINAL justice system , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *MENTAL health , *WELL-being - Abstract
Can memories resurface after decades in hiding, or is it a cruel trick by the brain, asks Jessica Hamzelou [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
33. Giving Space to the Tabooed Trauma: Sofia Taikon's Testimony in Katitzi Z-1234 and Sofia Z-4515.
- Author
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HERTRAMPF, MARINA ORTRUD M.
- Subjects
MINORITIES ,HOLOCAUST, 1939-1945 ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,MEMOIRS ,CHILDREN'S books - Abstract
Repression and concealment of one of the worst traumatic experiences of the 20th century affects Europe's largest minority in a massive way. In contrast to the Shoa, the Porajmos is little known to many people of both the majority and the minority. Often repressed as a taboo, breaking the silence about this trauma is of central relevance for the self-confidence of the Roma, especially those born afterwards. In fact, in the case of victims and their children and grandchildren, there is a tension between repression and concealment on the one hand and the need to overcome trauma on the other. Using the example of two educational works for young minority and majority readers in which the painful memories of Polish Romani Sofia Taikon, born Brzezinska, are fictionalised, the article illustrates how this tension is dealt with and how space is given to the long-tabooed trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Militancy, dictatorship and sites for representation in Rio de la Plata: Museo de la Memoria and Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada.
- Author
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de Oleaga, Marisa González, Di Liscia, María Silvia, and Del Carmen Ricchiardo, María
- Subjects
- *
DICTATORSHIP , *MASS mobilization , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *SOCIAL groups - Abstract
Though they deal with a similar time period and share similar aims, Museo de la Memoria in Montevideo and what was formerly Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada (the Naval Mechanics School, or ESMA) in Buenos Aires present contrasting depictions of dictatorship, social mobilization, repression, and the return to democracy in the Southern Cone. The planning for both sites took place in the 21st century, drawing on new and more progressive political proposals with a focus on the issues associated with recovering memory. A comparative analysis of the sites, then, seems timely. The differences in the two sites are related to not only the exhibits themselves but to the role of government-sponsored memories, state agencies, and other social groups. There are similarities between the exhibits at MUME and the former ESMA, both of which gloss over the violence exercised by those who fought against the regime. At the same time, some degree of political indoctrination can be seen in the curatorial representation of this conflictive period at both institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Political cycles of media repression.
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Schulze, Günther G. and Zakharov, Nikita
- Subjects
AUTHORITARIANISM ,DICTATORSHIP ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,FREEDOM of the press ,DICTATORS ,ELECTIONS - Abstract
We analyze media repression in Putin's Russia (2004-2019), a smart dictatorship that mimics democratic institutions, notably relatively free elections, and a relatively free press. Drawing on a unique granular dataset on journalist harassment and the pre-determined, staggered timing of local elections, we find evidence of strong political cycles of media repression. This media repression ahead of elections leads to a more favorable tonality of the news coverage of incumbents. Free press and free elections are temporally decoupled, thus disallowing them to work as effective accountability mechanisms. This secures dictator's power while upholding an image of competence and democratic rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
36. Narratives Of Evasion, Repression And Trauma In The Buried Giant.
- Author
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MAHALAKSHMI, V. and SHANMUGAM, D.
- Subjects
ETHICAL problems ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,ADVERSE childhood experiences ,GENERATION gap ,REPUTATION - Abstract
Kazuo Ishiguro is a well-known author, and his award-winning works inspire deep introspection into moral dilemmas and the human mind. The article delineates with how Ishiguro weaves a tapestry of narratives that delves into themes of evasion, repression, and trauma. And also it examines the numerous ways in which Ishiguro’s narratives progress. Since avoidance is a subtle way to hint at what is hidden below the surface, this paper will focus on the different ways how the narrators try to avoid blame, pain, and trauma. Also, explain the length about the theoretical aspects of trauma and repression as complicated psychological patterns of turning away from blame or pain, moving it to another place or time, making it an object, and facing it through substitution. Ishiguro depicts these people as experiencing a wide range of problems, including a generation gap, a decline in professional reputation, the loss of a glory once enjoyed, childhood trauma, isolation from the present, and a profound yearning for the past. It examines how these strategies affect interpersonal dynamics and hinder the process of reconciliation. Ultimately, the story becomes an exploration of the human experience, where the journey towards self-discovery is often a treacherous one, rife with challenges that must be overcome if one hopes to find peace and closure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
37. Relationships between dynamic risk factors for externalising problem behaviour and group climate in adults with mild intellectual disability in forensic treatment.
- Author
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Turhan, A., Delforterie, M. J., Roest, J. J., Van der Helm, G. H. P., Neimeijer, E. G., and Didden, R.
- Subjects
- *
REPRESSION (Psychology) , *REGRESSION analysis , *BEHAVIOR disorders , *RESIDENTIAL care , *FORENSIC medicine , *GROUP process , *INTELLECTUAL disabilities - Abstract
Background: Relationships between dynamic risk factors for externalising problem behaviour and group climate were investigated in 151 adult in‐patients with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning in a Dutch secure residential facility. Method: Regression analysis was used to predict total group climate score and Support, Growth, Repression, and Atmosphere subscales of the 'Group Climate Inventory'. Predictor variables were Coping Skills, Attitude towards current treatment, Hostility, and Criminogenic attitudes subscales of the 'Dynamic Risk Outcome Scales'. Results: Less hostility predicted a better overall group climate, better support and atmosphere, and less repression. A positive attitude towards current treatment predicted better growth. Conclusion: Results indicate relationships of hostility and attitude towards current treatment with group climate. A focus on both dynamic risk factors and group climate may provide a basis for improving treatment for this target group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Media Freedom and the Escalation of State Violence.
- Author
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Carey, Sabine C, González, Belén, and Mitchell, Neil J
- Subjects
- *
POLITICAL violence , *MASS media , *FREEDOM of speech , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *HUMAN rights - Abstract
When governments face severe political violence, they regularly respond with violence. Yet not all governments escalate repression under such circumstances. We argue that to understand the escalation of state violence, we need to pay attention to the potential costs leaders might face in doing so. We expect that the decision to escalate state violence is conditional on being faced with heightened threats and on possessing an information advantage that mitigates the expected cost of increasing state violence. In an environment where media freedom is constrained, leaders can deny or reframe an escalation of violations and so expect to reduce potential domestic and international costs attached to that decision. Using a global dataset from 1981 to 2006, we show that state violence is likely to escalate in response to increasing violent threats to the state when media freedom is curtailed – but not when the media are free from state intervention. A media environment that the government knows is free to sound the alarm is associated with higher political costs of repression and effectively reduces the risk of escalating state violence, even in the face of mounting armed threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Art and Attachment.
- Author
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Dickinson, Bob
- Subjects
- *
ART & society , *SOCIAL cohesion , *INDIVIDUALISM , *CAPITALISM , *NEOLIBERALISM , *CONSUMERISM , *PSYCHOLOGICAL disengagement , *REPRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
The article argues for the repair of the damage to the art world caused by individualism, modernist and neoliberal cultures, which undermined social cohesion in art and society. Topics discussed include difficulties in disconnecting from capitalism and consumerism, attachment insecurity in individuals that affect their social functioning, feeling of isolation or detachment among artists, and repressive aspects behind the production of clothing that are linked to systems of capitalism.
- Published
- 2023
40. How vulnerable groups live in Belarus in the era of mass repressions.
- Author
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KAVALSKAYA, VOLHA
- Subjects
RUSSIAN invasion of Ukraine, 2022- ,REFUGEES ,REPRESSION (Psychology) - Published
- 2023
41. SOX1 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Repressing HES1 in Lung Cancer.
- Author
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Chang, Shan-Yueh, Wu, Ti-Hui, Shih, Yu-Lueng, Chen, Ying-Chieh, Su, Her-Young, Chian, Chih-Feng, and Lin, Ya-Wen
- Subjects
- *
PROTEINS , *LUNG cancer , *REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *LUNG tumors , *BIOINFORMATICS , *GENE expression , *DNA methylation , *TUMOR suppressor genes , *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) , *CELL lines , *OVERALL survival - Abstract
Simple Summary: Lung cancer is the most common reason for cancer-related death, and patient survival is mainly dependent on tumor stage. The median overall survival of patients who are diagnosed with advanced/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still less than 3 years. The poor survival rates highlight the unmet need to elucidate the mechanism underlying lung cancer carcinogenesis to improve treatment responses and overall survival. The expression and function of SOX1 in the progression of lung cancer are still unclear. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrated that SOX1 repressed anchorage-independent growth, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, SOX1 performed its function by repressing hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1). Recent studies have shown that HES1, which is a helix–loop–helix transcription factor, performs important functions in stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance in cancer. These results suggest that SOX1 is a tumor suppressor that affects the carcinogenesis of lung cancer. The development of lung cancer is a complex process that involves many genetic and epigenetic changes. Sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box (SOX) genes encode a family of proteins that are involved in the regulation of embryonic development and cell fate determination. SOX1 is hypermethylated in human cancers. However, the role of SOX1 in the development of lung cancer is unclear. We used quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) analysis, and web tools to confirm the frequent epigenetic silencing of SOX1 in lung cancer. Stable overexpression of SOX1 repressed cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and invasion in vitro as well as cancer growth and metastasis in a xenograft mouse model. Knockdown of SOX1 by the withdrawal of doxycycline partly restored the malignant phenotype of inducible SOX1-expressing NSCLC cells. Next, we discovered the potential downstream pathways of SOX1 using RNA-seq analysis and identified HES1 as a direct target of SOX1 using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR. Furthermore, we performed phenotypic rescue experiments to prove that overexpression of HES1-FLAG in SOX1-expressing H1299 cells partly reversed the tumor-suppressive effect. Taken together, these data demonstrated that SOX1 acts as a tumor suppressor by directly inhibiting HES1 during the development of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Northern Lights Are Our Friends: Soviet Deportations and Siberian Nature in Children's and Young Adult Literature.
- Author
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Świetlicki, Mateusz and Kamińska-Maciąg, Sylwia
- Subjects
COLLECTIVE memory ,COLLECTIVE farming ,REPRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
Although their history dates back to the sixteenth century and the policies of Tsarist Russia, Siberian exiles—in the cultural memory of central and eastern Europe—are usually associated with the Gulag and the policies of Lenin and Stalin during the revolution, collectivization, the Great Terror, and the Second World War. As a result of the mass repressions, millions of adults and children of various nationalities, including Poles, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, and Russians, were deported to remote areas of the Soviet Union—Siberia, the Ural Mountains, and Kazakhstan. The article examines children's and young adult books about these deportations that not only showcase the totalitarian character of Stalinism but also contrast human brutality with the goodness and innocence of nature surrounding the child protagonists transported deep into the USSR. Thus, the novels' chronotope seems to convey the testimony of traumatic events in the history of post-Soviet nations and provide young readers with a sense of hope epitomized by the vastness of the snows of Siberia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Beyond Parochial Activism: Cross-Regional Protests and the Changing Landscape of Popular Contention in China.
- Author
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Yang, Kai
- Subjects
- *
ACTIVISM , *PUBLIC demonstrations , *ADMINISTRATIVE procedure , *SOCIAL control , *POLITICAL reform , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *LAW enforcement , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Since the mid-2010s, China has experienced scores of cross-regional protests by claim-making groups, despite the Xi regime's tightening societal control. In this article, I examine this form of contention and differentiate three types of groups that make claims for rulemaking, rule-enforcement, and political reform. Then, I compare state responses to each type by focusing on three specific groups: veterans, investors, and leftist students. Instead of crushing all attempts at cross-regional mobilization, the regime has at times made concessions. It has been slow to resort to outright repression, especially when protesters have merely demanded policy change or enforcement. Although this repertoire of contention appears in only some of China's many protests, it is becoming more widespread and in some cases impacts government policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Why French racial minorities do not mobilize more often. Disempowerment, tactical repertoires and soft repression of antiracist movements.
- Author
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Talpin, Julien
- Subjects
- *
ANTI-racism , *SOCIAL movements , *RACE discrimination , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *RACIAL minorities - Abstract
This article demonstrates why collective action remains a rare phenomenon among French racial minorities. Three factors – at individual, organizational and institutional level – have been identified. First, the investigation reveals that despite feelings of racial injustice and identification expressed more frequently than previous research had indicated, French minorities demonstrate a strong mistrust of politics and collective action, distracting them from civic engagement. Then, the study over several years of eleven antiracist collectives in six cities indicates that their dominant repertoire of action is out of tune with the targeted public, mostly working-class. Finally, antiracist NGOs are subject to soft repression and channelling by institutions, which explains activists' tactical choices, but limits their mobilization potential. This article is based on a survey comprising 160 semi-directive interviews with a diverse panel of French racial minorities and the ethnographic follow-up over several years of eleven antiracist collectives in six working-class towns in France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Left in the Dark: Regimes of Affect and Political Passivity in Kazuo Ishiguro's the Remains of the Day.
- Author
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Öz, Özge
- Subjects
- *
PASSIVITY (Psychology) , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *PROTAGONISTS (Persons) in literature - Abstract
In one of the latest commentaries on Kazuo Ishiguro's novel The Remains of the Day (1989), it is explained that the novel's protagonist Stevens is a true monster who "has embraced antisemitism and fascism throughout his career" and it is also underlined that although "there is no question about Stevens's emotional repression ... this trait has little to do with his racism and refusal to intervene morally in Darlington's household." The present paper aims to offer an alternative reading of the political agency and passivity of the novel's protagonist Stevens with the help of affect theory. This paper will read The Remains of the Day and its protagonist primarily by looking at their relationship with sense reception, motion, and emotion, and show that the apathy and affective restraint experienced by Stevens as an English butler underlies his political passivity. Such a reading will also enable the readers to perceive Ishiguro's work as a hopeful narrative affirming the power of affect in the matters of political emancipation and agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. "The Strong, Silent Type": Analyzing the Portrayal of the Cost of Masculine Gender Performances in The Sopranos.
- Author
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Taylor, Holly and Curtis, Anna
- Subjects
MASCULINITY ,MENTAL health services ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,SOCIAL norms ,GENDER - Abstract
Media portrayals of the "strong, silent type" reinforce the expectation that men should not demonstrate or even acknowledge their emotions. This trope, however, reflects more significant societal norms around masculine practices that can have profoundly negative impacts on individual men as well as those around them. Emotional compression (or modern stoicism) is fundamentally different from emotional repression. Emotional compression practices can allow men to process their feelings privately and then communicate their feelings clearly without the distortion of uncontrolled bursts of emotion. The treatment of mental health and masculinity in Season 5 of The Sopranos "holds up a mirror" to the costs of emotional repression for men as part of masculine gender performances. The show highlights, sometimes quite brutally, the costs of emotional repression to men and the people around them. In doing so, the content of the show implies that therapy could help men learn to face their feelings and alleviate their suffering as well as that of their families, though only if men are willing to face the feelings of vulnerability that come with having emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Exhaustion, Adversity, and Repression: Emotional Attrition in High-Risk Activism.
- Author
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Peña, Alejandro M., Meier, Larissa, and Nah, Alice M.
- Subjects
REPRESSION (Psychology) ,PSYCHOLOGICAL disengagement - Abstract
The article proposes the notion of emotional attrition to capture the process through which activists working in high-risk environments may develop a lasting state of emotional exhaustion caused by protracted exposure to adversarial conditions. Combining insights from clinical psychology and the sociology of emotions, it outlines a novel framework to understand the relationship between activism, emotions, and disengagement. We argue that activists can develop an emotional state characterized by dispiriting emotions and disengaging attitudes that affect their well-being and ability to sustain their activism. This argument is grounded on an in-depth analysis of more than 130 interviews with local human rights activists in Colombia, Kenya, and Indonesia. By examining their experiences and pressures in relation to the arena of repression, their immediate social circle, and the broader sociopolitical and cultural context, we shed light on the complex intersections between activists' emotional challenges and the range of contextual and strategic factors shaping their work and lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Normative and Non-Normative Collective Action Facing Repression in a Democratic Context: A Mixed Study in a Chilean Social Movement.
- Author
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Zúñiga, Claudia, Asún, Rodrigo, and Louis, Winnifred
- Subjects
COLLECTIVE action ,SOCIAL movements ,CITIZENSHIP ,REPRESSION (Psychology) ,PUBLIC demonstrations - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Social & Political Psychology is the property of Leibniz Institute for Psychology (ZPID) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. ش الگوي ارتباطي خانواده بر مسئوليتپذيري نوجوانان با نقش ميانجي خودكارآمدي و نظمبخشي هيجاني دانشآموزان.
- Author
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شيوا برزو, سلطانعلي كاظمي, ذرميدخت رضايي, and حجتاله جاويدي
- Subjects
- *
EMOTION regulation , *MATHEMATICAL variables , *STATISTICAL correlation , *SELF-efficacy , *HIGH school students , *ATTACHMENT behavior , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *REPRESSION (Psychology) , *RESPONSIBILITY , *FAMILY roles , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *STRUCTURAL equation modeling , *FAMILIES , *COMMUNICATION , *CLUSTER sampling , *DATA analysis software , *FACTOR analysis - Abstract
Background & Aims: The family, as the founder of the personality, identity, values and intellectual standards of children and the place of learning the culture, norms, values and gender roles that exist in societies (2). In fact, given the importance of early moral development, children learn responsibility from their parents and learn to take responsibility for the consequences of their actions (3). Research has shown that families affect cognitive and emotional development through their relationship (6). Also, among human skills, none may be as important and effective as beliefs about self-efficacy defined as individuals' beliefs about their ability to control life-changing events (12). The tasks that human beings face throughout their lives are very wide and varied; As a result, the self-efficacy feature can be used and examined in specific spectrums. When a person has self-efficacy in situations in his life, he can experience more responsibility as a result (14). Other research in this field has shown that self-esteem affects interpersonal communication and responsible behaviors, social communication, and constructive thinking skills. Emotional development can follow a family communication pattern (15). In other words, emotion regulation can also affect human behaviors, such as responsibility. In this context, it has been shown that training emotion regulation skills can be considered as part of programs that create and increase responsibility (19). In addition, it has been found that a person who can control emotions and feelings experiences more responsibility (20). Based on the above, the researcher seeks to answer the question that what role does the family communication model play in adolescents 'responsibility with mediating the role of students' self-efficacy and emotional regulation? Methods: This research was a correlation in the form of structural equation model. To conduct this research, 352 students (163 boys and 189 girls) were selected from the second year high school students in Shiraz in the academic year 2010-2011 using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Were selected as a sample. The method of conducting the research was that the researcher first referred to the education and training of Shiraz city and after explaining the purpose of the research and the satisfaction of the officials and with a referral letter in hand, referred to the schools and questionnaires of communication patterns of Koerner family and Fitz Patrick (2002) distributed and collected the self-efficacy of Scherer et al. (1982), the Grosso John (2003) emotion regulation questionnaire, and Soroush (2011). Finally, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Kalmogorov-Smirnov test and structural equations using SPSS-23 and AMOS-22 software were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the relationships between many exogenous, mediating and endogenous variables are positively and negatively significant. And the range of correlation coefficients between all studied variables is from -0.001 to 0.86. In addition, the relationships between the research variables were significant at the level of 0.01 and 0.05. Another finding showed that dialogue affects responsibility through self-efficacy (p = 0.02, β = 0.32) and cognitive reassessment (p = 0.01, β = 0.18). . Also, compliance through cognitive reassessment affects responsibility (β = 0.06, p = 0.05). However, suppression between dialogue (p = 0.92, β = 0.0001) and compliance (β = 0.04, p = 0.10) does not have a significant mediating role on responsibility. Self-efficacy and cognitive reassessment are significant between the relationship between dialogue orientation and family compliance orientation and responsibility. On the other hand, it was found that the direct and indirect path (self-efficacy and cognitive re-evaluation) of dialogue to responsibility and the indirect path of compliance (cognitive re-evaluation) to responsibility are significant. Also, the coefficient of determination of responsibility (R2 = 0.46) is higher than the coefficient of determination of self-efficacy (R2 = 0.10), cognitive re-evaluation (R2 = 0.13) and repression (R2 = 0.7). Finally, the results showed that the self-efficacy prediction based on dialogue was approved and the compliance prediction based on self-efficacy was rejected. Also, the prediction of cognitive reassessment based on dialogue and compliance was confirmed. But in the field of repression, only conformity could predict repression, and dialogue could not predict repression. The liability prediction was approved based on dialogue and Conformity was not able to predict liability. The prediction of responsibility based on self-efficacy and the prediction of responsibility based on cognitive reassessment were confirmed. However, this hypothesis was not confirmed in the context of predicting liability based on suppression. On the other hand, it was found that self-efficacy between dialogue orientation and mediation responsibility is significant. However, self-efficacy is not significant between compliance orientation and mediation responsibility, and also, it was found that only cognitive reassessment between dialogue and compliance with mediation responsibility is significant. Conclusion: In the explanation of the present research, it can be stated that in the direction of dialogue, the person in the family can express his / her opinions, hear the arguments of family members and present appropriate arguments himself / herself, and skills Achieves a variety of topics such as problem solving, effective communication, emotion control and management; Because the individual is influential in important family decisions and has gained the necessary independence (22). These provide the basis for the development of abilities and belief in them, and thus verbal persuasion creates a source of self-efficacy (31). Also, when a person has a conversation in the family environment, he / she can get acquainted with different opinions according to the arguments that are put forward in the family environment on various issues (5); And he can use adaptive strategies to regulate his emotions and learn different cognitive skills. As a result, he knows that his thoughts, emotions and behaviors are under his control and he can look at events from different angles and perceive them (26). This confirms that external situations do not affect the individual, but it is his thoughts that create behavioral and emotional consequences (32). Also in the direction of conformity, the individual tries to avoid conflict and to experience mutual dependence with the family. In this regard, the cohesion of the family is high and the family has a hierarchy and emphasizes the relationships within the family and the interests of the family are paramount (5). All of these, especially the emphasis on matching one's views with others and emphasizing the interests and values of the family, can provide the basis for understanding phenomena and events from different perspectives. Can use cognitive reassessment strategy. When adolescents use this strategy, they can eventually experience responsibility (5). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
50. 'NAMED, DEFINED AND PROSCRIBED': Tbe time has come for tbe international community to recognize tbe crime of gender apartheid.
- Author
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NIA, GISSOU and RADHAKRISHNAN, AKILA
- Subjects
- *
PURDAH , *SOCIAL conditions of women , *INTERNATIONAL crimes , *SOCIAL advocacy , *ACTIVISM , *REPRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
The article discusses why the international community should recognize the crime of gender apartheid. Also cited are the alleged subjugation by the Taliban of women and girls in Afghanistan, the alleged worsening repression of women in Iran, and the efforts by a coalition of Afghan and Iranian activists to launch a campaign to officially recognize said apartheid as a crime.
- Published
- 2024
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