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In this essay, I set out to construct a philosophical-conceptual sketch of so-called inventive conversation, with its poetic-political implications and contrasts to conventional or reproductive conversation. To this end, I turn to Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari's notion of rhizome as a fundamental via for the analysis, due to this reflection's heuristic potential and the broad possibilities for interpretative connection it generates in relation to ideas that emerge from diverse sources. First, the approach recovers some basic elements of the pragmatic-discursive perspective in the study of conversation as the primary figure of orality, before continuing to reflect on the defining elements of an inventive conversation (minoritary, creative, or unpredictable) necessarily related to ambiences of freedom through the characters and principles of the rhizomatic. The article ends with a brief conjugation of a political linkage that is anti-fascist in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work on the understanding and interpretation of text and its meaning continues to be highly relevant topics in a wide range of disciplines, such as philosophy, literature, linguistics, history and psychology. In the field of philosophy, the text becomes an ideal space for reflection due to its ability to reveal ideas, values and human experiences. Hermeneutics is dedicated to the study of the text as the main object, but its applications extend to other areas such as the philosophy of language, anthropology, ontology, the theory of knowledge and epistemology. This work aims to analyze and compare the approaches of Gadamer and Lotman on the text, in order to establish a hermeneutical dialogue that allows us to better understand their conception on this important topic. The research is approached from a qualitative methodology, using the hermeneutic method. It is concluded that the hermeneutics of the text focuses on the interaction between the text, context and the reader. For Gadamer, this interaction is a dialogue between two world horizons: that of the author and that of the reader. The fusion of horizons allows a deep understanding of the text and its historical context. For his part, Lotman defines the text as a complex system with multiple levels of meaning. This polysemy invites the reader to actively participate in the construction of meaning, contributing their own perspective and experience. In this perspective, a relationship is evident between the concept of textsemiosphere proposed by Lotman and Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics. Both areas of study focus on the interpretation of symbols and signs, as well as the creation of meaning through the interaction between the individual and their environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article delves into two interpretations of "uprightness" in the Analects – one psychological and one moral. Topics include the psychological and moral meanings of "uprightness," the debate between the Duke of She and Confucius in Analects 13.18, and arguments in favor of Confucius' position that fathers and sons should cover up for each other, with implications for Confucian society.

The purpose of this essay is to review the origins of qualitative research from the dawn of humanity to its consolidation as a way of doing scientific research in the social sciences. To this end, a historical route was undertaken that reveals from an incipient manifestation what over the years came to be called naturalistic or qualitative research. In the different texts reviewed in the Gadamerian style, complementing with other approaches as long as it has the characteristics of being holistic, multi-methodical, flexible and evolutionary, it accepts complementarity from narrative, understanding, comparison, interpretation to contextualization par excellence and is unequivocally admitted in the task and contribution of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multiple contemporary crises are consequences of ethical disagreements resulting from the imposition of mythemes that support the expropriation of resources that make dignified ways of existence possible. In consideration, in society there are a wide series of myths that have the purpose of alienating human beings from the sensitive, rational and cultural capacities so that they reproduce the behaviors that benefit the continuity of the assembly lines that make reality the succession of events. merchandise as a correlate of capital accumulation. Consequently, this research aims to analyze the ethical limits of the biologist's interpretation of society. It is a bibliographical inquiry from the deductive rationalist approach. He considers that emancipations occur when communities appropriate the resources that allow them to shape culture as a manifestation of themselves, by validating equitable forms of coexistence based on the manifestation of human rights. It concludes that the liberation happens when recognizing the solidarity quality, with the purpose of vindicating compassionate coexistence, abilities to the human condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are interpersonal comparisons of desire possible? Can we give an account of how facts about desires are grounded that underpins such comparisons? This paper supposes the answer to the first question is yes, and provides an account of the nature of desire that explains how this is so. The account is a modification of the interpretationist metaphysics of representation that the author has recently been developing. The modification is to allow phenomenological affective valence into the "base facts" on which correct interpretation is grounded. To use this extra resource within that theory to vindicate interpersonal comparisons, we will need to appeal rational connections between level of valence and level of desire, which this paper sets out and examines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I argue against a prevailing interpretation of Schopenhauer's account of inner awareness and world-understanding. Because scholars have typically taken on board the assumption that inner awareness is non-representational, they have concerned themselves in the main with how to transfer this immediate cognition of will in ourselves and apply it to our understanding of the world–as–representation. Some scholars propose that the relation of the world-as-will to the world-as-representation is to be understood in figurative or metaphorical terms. I disagree because, for Schopenhauer, inner awareness reveals a genuine philosophical truth. Some scholars also suggest that it is only via analogical transference that one can interpret the world as having the same inner nature as oneself. I disagree and point out the downside of this suggestion. I use both textual evidence and general philosophical considerations to demonstrate that inner awareness, for Schopenhauer, has a representational dimension. Overlooking this point has led scholars to misconstrue how inner awareness relates to world-understanding. I provide an alternative interpretation against figurative and analogical readings. I propose that, for Schopenhauer, we cognize partially a priori that all things are merely different expressions of the same activity that we are acquainted with in inner awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interpretation of Parmenides' Περί Φύσεως is a fascinating topic to which philosophers, historians of philosophy and scientists have dedicated many studies along the history of Western thought. The aim of this paper is to present the reading of Parmenides's work offered by Federigo Enriques. It is based on several original theses: (1) Parmenides was the discoverer of abstract geometry; (2) his critics was addressed against the Pythagoreans rather than against Heraclitus; (3) Parmenides discovered and applied the contradiction and the third excluded principles in the context of his research on foundation of geometry; (4) Parmenides's metaphysical and physical conceptions have their bases in his speculation on geometry; (5) Parmenides used the principle of sufficient reason. Enriques's reading is worth being expounded and discussed within the historical, philosophical and scientific context in which it is inserted. Since Enriques's ideas are not widely known and discussed, my research has the purpose to fill this gap. The article also aims to provide elements to illustrate the discussion on Parmenides in the first half of the last century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article models legal interpretation through argumentation and provides a logical analysis of interpretive arguments, their conflicts, and the resulting indeterminacies. Interpretive arguments are modelled as defeasible inferences, which can be challenged and defeated by counterarguments and be reinstated through further arguments. It is shown what claims are possibly (defensibly) or necessarily (justifiably) supported by the arguments constructible from a given interpretive basis, i.e., a set of interpretive canons coupled with reasons for their application. It is finally established under what conditions such arguments provide single outcomes or rather support alternative interpretive conclusions, thus leading to propositions of law whose truth‐value is undetermined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues for an interpretation of Chinese philosophy as the pursuit of the Dao rather than the popular reading of it as a kind of wisdom literature. I examine the shared pursuit of two major Chinese schools of thought: Daoism and Confucianism—Dao, and compare it to the task of philosophy represented in the works of two major western thinkers—Hegel and Heidegger. By investigating the Dao comparatively with Hegel's Concept and Heidegger's philosophia, I reveal the common quest of philosophical thinking in both traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes French philosopher, Michel de Montaigne's essay "Un traict de quelques ambassadeurs," focusing on the story of Crassus and the engineer. It explores how Montaigne uses this story to discuss communication, interpretation, and collaboration in hierarchical relationships. It highlights Montaigne's message that communication involves rational interpretation, collaboration, and shared cognitive understanding.

This paper aims to make a philosophical approach to the theory of language in legal expressions, which increasingly establish measures that seek to differentiate the keys of the codes that have been budgeted from the theories of language in the construction of legal discourse, For this purpose, a theoretical analysis has been carried out, which from the philosophical theory can be appropriated by reviewing the sentence T 626 of 2022, where the Colombian constitutional court has detached itself from the forms and legal technicalities to be understandable to a child who acts as a receiver of the message. In such a way that this introduces a reflection that appropriates the interpretation of the law from the intellectual authors and not from the message, generating a significant transformation that must be considered within the legal hermeneutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hermenutics, known as a paraphrase and interpretation philosophy, has been one of the most used interpretation efforts in literature as well as in many fields of science. From the beginning to the present, many explanations have taken place with the influence of the periods in which the author, the work, the environment, cultural factors or all of them were the focal point in the system of understanding and interpretation. Hermeneutic philosophy states that the meaning of the poem cannot be limited with the intention of the poet and adopts the idea that the meaning is not just the poet's world of ideas and symbols but comes into being by the intersection of the reader's or the interpreter's imagination. Among the literary works that can be evaluated in this context, classical poems are undoubtedly the most suitable ones for explanation and interpretation. In this study, the work named Deh Murg, which belongs to Dervish Şemsî, one of the 16th century poets of Classical poetry, will be discussed. Apart from the effect of Dervish Şemsî's period, social and cultural life, literary style on the work, and the reflection of the inspiration he received from the poets of the period and the poets before him on Deh Murg, the similarities and differences of the work with the era in which it was written will be evaluated within the framework of hermeneutic interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Confucian classic Great Learning and its eight aims, examining the sequence among these aims and their interpretations. Topics include the ideals for the mission of Great Learning; different interpretations of the eight aims; and the nature of the sequence in achieving them. The author proposes a developmental and concurrent temporal progression for pursuing these aims throughout one's life, drawing on German-American psychologist Erik Erikson's developmental theory.

The essential proposal of this research article is based on the analysis, from the point of view of Marxism, of the political impact that this form of thought and social analysis generated to understand the intellectual and political transformations to the extent that the conditions of oppression arising from class antagonisms have remained in force; Marxism continues to be a source of interpretation and analysis to understand the idea of human emancipation. Concepts such as class struggle and the capital-labor contradiction are irrefutable when we analyze society, its structure and its profoundly unequal composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay is concerned with the printed texts of two of Sir Philip Sidney's books: the sonnet sequence Astrophel and Stella, published by the stationer Thomas Newman in 1591, and An Apologie for Poetrie, published by the stationer Henry Olney in 1595. While the current scholarly consensus is that Newman's Astrophel and Stella was a "pirated" text, "suppressed" when the social elite (headed by Lord Burghley) intervened to prevent the book's being read, the present essay challenges this interpretation through a new reading of the material record that offers a fuller account of the publication histories of both sets of sonnets, and of the origins of Olney's publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article, written by Motsamai Molefe, explores the purpose of doing philosophy and its intellectual service to humanity. Molefe discusses Kwame Gyekye's views on the nature and function of philosophy, emphasizing conceptual analysis as a way to gain clarity, proper meaning, and understanding of complex issues, leading to a gateway of truth.

For many decades, Duhem has been considered a paradigmatic instrumentalist, and while some commentators have argued against classifying him in this way, it still seems prevalent as an interpretation of his philosophy of science. Yet such a construal bears scant resemblance to the views presented in his own works—so little, indeed, that it might be said to constitute no more than a mere phantom with respect to his actual thought. In this article, we aim to deconstruct this phantom, tracing the sources of the misconceptions surrounding his ideas and pinpointing the sources and/or causes of its proliferation. We subsequently point out and discuss those elements of his philosophy that, taken together, support the view of him as a scientific realist of a sophisticated kind. Finally, we defend our own interpretation of his thought against suggestions to the effect that it is oriented towards neither instrumentalism nor scientific realism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The past 20th century has witnessed a renewed interest in the approaches of Aristotelian philosophy, especially from the hand of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. Well, along with this return to the study of peripatetic philosophy, a new interest in the philosophy of being of Thomas Aquinas has emerged as a parallel, particularly in his notion of esse ut actus essendi. This has led to various lines of research, sometimes confronted, which have dealt mainly with the question of the Tomasian reception of the notion of being and the aspects involved in it. In this work we will try to make known some important aspects of this reception, as well as of those different lines of interpretation confronted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A raft of recent "philosophical" interpretations have emerged within biblical studies. They have in common the expectation that ideas from the discipline of philosophy will be helpful for understanding the biblical texts. However, the way in which they engage the two varies, and it is their methods that are teased out in this article. I offer a simple trajectory of approaches for works in this area, marked by two ends of characteristic disciplinary habits: using the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament for philosophical reflection and using philosophy for biblical interpretation. In this, the article sketches a much-needed research profile for a lively subdiscipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A literary criticism of the book "The Lyric Theory Reader" edited Virginia Jackson, Yopie Prins is presented. It further discusses about that lyricization occludes the categories; exploring the context and potential deficiencies of American literary critic Jonathan Culler's lyric theory; the language of literary works focused on elements that most contribute to a complex interpretation of the poem; and erasing generic differences between poems.

Background: Interpretation bias (IB) and safety behaviors (SB) are maintenance mechanisms of social anxiety (SA). However, few studies have examined the role of IB and SB together in explaining SA. The objective of this study was to determine whether SB explains the association between IB and SA. To evaluate these variables, the Adolescents' Interpretation and Beliefs Questionnaire (AIBQ 2.0) and the Social Phobia Safety Behaviors Scale (SPSBS) needed to be adapted for Spanish adolescents and young people. Method: 826 Spanish vocational training students (60% males, 14--28 years old) completed a measure of SA and the AIBQ 2.0 and SPSBS. Results: Path analysis showed that IB in offline scenarios was associated with SA through SB. IB in offline situations, but not in online situations, was directly associated with SA. As expected, the AIBQ 2.0 showed a two-dimensional structure and good internal consistency. The SPSBS demonstrated a unidimensional structure and good internal consistency. Conclusions: In the absence of longitudinal studies, the data are compatible with the possible mediating role of SB in the association between IB and SA. Both instruments (AIBQ 2.0 and SPSBS) exhibited good psychometric properties for Spanish students [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How can there be so much apparent disagreement about what race is, when there is so much agreement on the facts surrounding race? In this paper, I develop this puzzle and consider several interpretations of work in the philosophy of race to try to answer it, several ways of understanding what the metaphysics of race is doing. I consider and reject the possibility that apparent disagreement is metaphysically substantive, and I also consider and reject the view that apparent disagreement primarily reflects semantic disagreements. Instead, I suggest that apparent first‐order disagreement over the existence and character of race is a part of a broader, metalinguistic negotiation or conversation about how racial terms can or ought to be used, and I note a range of considerations—including semantic, pragmatic, epistemic, and ethical—that properly play a role in this discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We undertake a reconstruction of the epistemic significance of research on operational theories in quantum foundations. We suggest that the space of operational theories is analogous to the space of possible worlds employed in the possible world semantics for modal logic, so research of this sort can be understood as probing modal structure. Thus we argue that operational axiomatisations of quantum mechanics may be interpreted as a novel form of structural realism; we discuss the consequences of this interpretation for the philosophy of structural realism and the future of operational theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the interpretation of lines in Ciris, which describe the paleness that comes over Scylla's body. The article argues for a conjecture that replaces "faceret" with "fieri", offering a clearer sense and eliminating syntactical problems.

Psalm 110 has become one of the OT texts with the highest number of references in the entire New Testament. Especially important is Ps110,1 since it is quoted by Jesus in controversy with the scribes and Pharisees (Mt 22,42-45 and par.). On the contrary, it is surprising that there are hardly any references in the OT. However, the mention of Melchizedek in Ps 110,4 has led us to direct our attention to Gen 14,18. In the NT and in the very first patristic literature, the citations and allusions of Psalm 110 bear witness to a clear messianic interpretation. This has led to think that such an interpretation was already common in the first century of our era. Therefore, it is worth wondering if such an interpretation is the result of an exegesis that was developed over the centuries, inherited from the understanding that Judaism is acquiring from this psalm. According to the research carried out, the messianic interpretation of Psalm 110 attested in the NT is the result of a process of reception of the text in its different readings over the centuries. One of the main objectives of the research was to contribute to a better understanding of the dissemination of such interpretation that, according to the thesis, was established in the Second Temple period, witnessed in the so-called «intertestamental literature». We consulted those texts of that literature that allow us to better understand the messianic and eschatological value of Psalm 110. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an interpretative philosophical approach, this text aims to study the scope and limitations of the model for critical reading proposed by the Ministry of National Education of Colombia. To address the above, first, it studies how the critical reading tests are designed and what it means to interpret a text; second, it discusses the importance of critical reading for the promotion of practical wisdom, and third, it responds why it is important to conceive reading as a formative experience from creative and plural perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing efforts to digitalize newspapers present biblical scholars, especially those interested in "Reception History" or "Popular Interpretation", with a potentially rich resource. This experiment analyzes a clear "biblical" term, namely "Plowshare" (including a few variant spellings), with regard to its' use in the New York Times between 1940 and 1990. The sheer number of uses (over 1200) and the variety of contexts for its' use, is revealing. What emerges from the heavily politicized use of the term is that (a) it is virtually always understood to be a biblical reference to peace and peacemaking, but (b) there is a wide variety of perspectives as to whether it is an ethical maxim or an unrealistic "fantasy" in the face of hard political "realities". Finally, using the two terms "swords" and "plowshares" together began to clearly emerge in the 20th century as a pious alternative to "guns and butter", taking on the same "either/or" interpretation. Thus, studying Biblical interpretation in the popular press may offer an important tool in assessing "popular ideas" in specific contexts of world events or cultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the African hermeneutical philosophy from the perspective of the African tradition of Sorgoo and Soko. Topics include the explanation that the tradition of Sorgoo and Soko finds its origins in the allegorical interpretation of the Scripture, the traditional way of identifying the hidden meaning, the Soko, and behind the actual words, the Sorgoo, the engagement of Ethiopian evangelicals in biblical hermeneutics and the missional implication of the tradition.

Mach, the experimentalist, influenced philosophically James, the philosopher, who in turn changed Mach's opinion on an experimental issue. In chapter 13 Erik C. Banks also presents Mach's philosophy as neutral monism and considers it as a form of scientific realism opposed to positivism. According to that view, Mach is mostly seen as a mere precursor of the Vienna Circle's logical positivism, and his views are assimilated to those held by logical positivists, with the exception of Mach's psychologism which they rejected. Banks's ideas prompted a reinterpretation of Mach's philosophical approaches making an emphasis on his neutral monism and distancing itself from the traditional phenomenalistic and positivistic interpretations common in the works of Blackmore ([3]) or Holton ([7]). [Extracted from the article]

I present a systematic interpretation of the foundational purpose of constructions in ancient Greek geometry. I argue that Greek geometers were committed to an operationalist foundational program, according to which all of mathematics—including its entire ontology and epistemology—is based entirely on concrete physical constructions. On this reading, key foundational aspects of Greek geometry are analogous to core tenets of 20th-century operationalist/positivist/constructivist/intuitionist philosophy of science and mathematics. Operationalism provides coherent answers to a range of traditional philosophical problems regarding classical mathematics, such as the epistemic warrant and generality of diagrammatic reasoning, superposition, and the relation between constructivism and proof by contradiction. Alleged logical flaws in Euclid (implicit diagrammatic reasoning, superposition) can be interpreted as sound operationalist reasoning. Operationalism also provides a compelling philosophical motivation for the otherwise inexplicable Greek obsession with cube duplication, angle trisection, and circle quadrature. Operationalism makes coherent sense of numerous specific choices made in this tradition, and suggests new interpretations of several solutions to these problems. In particular, I argue that: Archytas's cube duplication was originally a single-motion machine; Diocles's cissoid was originally traced by a linkage device; Greek conic section theory was thoroughly constructive, based on the conic compass; in a few cases, string-based constructions of conic sections were used instead; pointwise constructions of curves were rejected in foundational contexts by Greek mathematicians, with good reason. Operationalism enables us to view the classical geometrical tradition as a more unified and philosophically aware enterprise than has hitherto been recognised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of divination remains of central relevance to anthropology for what it reveals about the relationship between intuitive and reflective cognition. What marks divination out is the reflective elaboration of the role granted to intuitive associations in arriving at verdicts, which produces two distinct forms of divinatory interpretation. Generative interpretation, exemplified by Cuban Ifá, relies on maximizing the opportunity for intuitive association to render divinatory results relevant to clients' circumstances. In contrast, reductive interpretation, exemplified by Chinese six lines prediction, minimizes the role of intuitive association by relying on highly formalized sets of fixed interpretive principles. Both approaches yield specific diagnoses but arrive at them by emphasizing different cognitive processes. A focus on the generative role of intuition has led some anthropologists of divination to argue that divinatory truth is properly understood as distinct from propositional or representational truth. Instead, anthropologists should take seriously diviners' claims to produce representational knowledge, demonstrating that claims for the "alterity" of divinatory truth stem from a lack of due acknowledgment of the role of reflection in moving from polyvalent divinatory results to specific verdicts or of the possibility of reductive interpretation as a key feature of certain divination systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the past decade, Si Xiao, Xianglong Zhang, Xiangcheng Sun and others have proposed a Confucian Philosophy of Family (CPF) movement as a response to issues in contemporary China. These issues include high divorce rates, low birth rates, caring for seniors, and other related issues. This proposal is an attempt to modernize traditional Confucianism and to make it relevant in contemporary China. In this paper I argue that this attempt faces external and internal challenges. The external challenges to CPF include the trademarks of contemporary philosophy, such as the methodological naturalism, epistemic pluralism and ethical individualism. Furthermore, there are three competing readings of CPF, which poses its own internal challenge to CPF. CPF scholars have failed to clarify if they are engaged in a project of interpretation, which is to elaborate the idea of family in the Confucian tradition, or as a project of justification, which is to justify Confucian understanding of family as a universal and objective value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reading figuratively often inhibits our ability to read eco/materially. In line with this argument, the present article focuses on the occurrence of the horticultural graft in a handful of English and French texts, and reads the graft materially, against its many figurative uses (well-documented in the secondary literature). I begin with the Prologue to the Monk’s Tale, in which Harry Bailly argues that one cannot take grafts (ympes) from an inferior tree and expect them to flourish or reproduce, and I conclude with a reading of the union of Amant and the Rose at the end of the Roman de la Rose that allows for an interpretation of Amant’s quest and consummation as a kind of aesthetic appreciation—as what might be called anthophilia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the conceptual tools of a virtual historiography. This is what I call a historiography that goes beyond factual events to consider the possible alternative interpretations of the course of history without entering the field of counterfactual history. In contrast to counterfactual history, which asks what else could have happened, virtual historiography asks how the past would be seen if it had led to another future. For such a historiographical project, the article offers a set of conceptual tools that allow possible alternative courses of events in the past and present to be brought to the attention of contemporary historians: the concept of time figures for presenting a typology of the temporal directions of historical change (part 1); the concept of the future as a generator of time figures (part 2); the concepts of past futures for developments alternative to the factual course of history and of future pasts for visions of the present state of affairs seen from a future point of view (part 3). In part 4, I outline the significance of these concepts for a virtual historiography, and in part 5, I draw conclusions for the political use and the scale of time implicit in such a design of history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article informs about the First Circuit's decision in Alasaad v. Mayorkas,topics include which upheld the constitutionality of warrantless, suspicionless searches of electronic devices at the border, broadening the border search exception's scope. The court ruled that basic device searches without suspicion are routine and rejected a narrow interpretation of the exception, potentially threatening individuals' Fourth Amendment privacy interests.

Calculus is traditionally tested, at least in part, by a closed book written examination taken under secure conditions. In March 2020, two-thirds of the way through a vector calculus course, our institution went into lockdown and all teaching and assessment had to shift online. While some teachers insisted that remotely written non-proctored examinations remain closed book, we accepted that this would result in inequity, with some students certainly choosing to flout that rule should it be imposed, to their advantage over their classmates. Driven by circumstance, we were forced to design a vector calculus examination that would be written open book and 'open internet' with access to online calculators and computer graphing packages. Proficiency at vector calculus is exhibited far more in the interpretation of information and effective decision-making than in the computational solving of integrals. In this article, we shall present and discuss our experiences, address the challenge of non-proctored examinations and argue for the merit of open book examinations in an otherwise standard vector calculus course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational feedback allows the open expression of opinions, judgments, recommendations, etc., about the teaching process to correct errors and weaknesses; affirm successes and strengths, while allowing the development of better skills in practicing teachers during daily interaction with their students. Therefore, this research is carried out with the aim of demonstrating the influence of feedback in the systematization of successful educational practices that are carried out at a distance due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 50 students from two different sections (25 for the control group and 25 for the experimental group) of the ninth cycle of the Early Childhood specialty of the Faculty of Initial Education (FEI) of a Public University. For the data collection, an ad hoc educational experience or good practice systematization file was prepared, which evaluates the pedagogical development in four aspects of the practice: objectives, processes, results, and achievements. The results revealed that the more presence the feedback has, the better the results in the elaboration of the systematization of the educational experience. It is concluded, therefore, that remote feedback is a viable strategy to achieve academic purposes that involve developing more complex cognitive activities by university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bildung's concept is central in pedagogical anthropology because it proposes the formable and transcendent character of man, being a different concept from training and education. The article has considered the different concepts and interpretations developed between 2015-2020. Five trends were identified, understanding that the concept of bildung is not unequivocal because it is assumed from different perspectives and these, in turn, give meaning to the act of self-formation of individuals in relation to their context and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to present Derrida's reading of Husserl's phenomenology in his text Genesis and Structure and Phenomenology. Its structural stages, its due themes and conclusions will be presented. The aim of this paper is to understand the problem that Derrida points out in the passage from structure to genesis in the Husserlian phenomenological method, and to observe the arguments that conclude the bad achievement of the phenomenological method. The aim is to detail this interpretation by basing it on Husserl's texts and Derrida's considerations on them. In the same way, this work is intended to serve as a basis for introductory studies to phenomenology and deconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article tries to carry out an interpretive analysis of the notion of event, proposed by the philosopher Jacques Derrida, understanding it as what happens without being able to recognize it previously and that falls to me from above, which implies changing the perspective, this being an invitation to look otherwise by philosophy itself. So then, this Derridean notion will be connected with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, a principle that produces a look at science, and nature, in a different way from that reproduced from Newton to the present day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In education, multisite trials involve randomization of pupils into intervention and comparison groups within schools. Most analytical models in multisite educational trials ignore that the impact of an intervention may be school dependent. This study investigates the impact of statistical models on the uncertainty associated with an effect size using comparable outcomes and covariates from ten multisite educational trials funded by the UK's Education Endowment Foundation. Ordinary least squares (OLS) models often assume that the pupil's outcomes within schools are independent, which is not always true. Multilevel models address this limitation by incorporating heterogeneity between schools to account for intra-school dependency. This inflates the confidence interval of an effect size obtained from the multilevel models than from an OLS model. For a multisite trial, the heterogeneity between schools also includes the differences in the expected impact of intervention between schools. Ignoring this additional school-by-intervention variation in a multisite trial could affect both its interpretation and conclusions. A robust approach to estimate the confidence intervals for effect size from multisite trials is by treating effect size as a parameter with its distribution. This paper is important for evaluating evidence from multisite trials by accounting for all sources of variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Such interpretive act involves the interaction of at least two cultures in global circumstances, manifested in two modes of interpreting, the intercultural and the transcultural, with "the former referring to concrete interactions between different cultures and their various elements, and the latter when referring to the goal and results of such interactions, that is, to see oneself in the other." Rosker argues that the solution is to reject the strategy of mitigating the inferiority of Chinese philosophy by renaming it as Chinese wisdom, sinosophy or even Chinese philosophical discourse. Interpreting Chinese Philosophy: A New Methodology, written by Jana S. Rosker. [Extracted from the article]