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We develop a deep learning-based algorithm, called DeepForce, to link ab initio physics with the continuum theory to predict concentration profiles of confined water. We show that the deep-learned forces can be used to predict the structural properties of water confined in a nanochannel with quantum scale accuracy by solving the continuum theory given by Nernst–Planck equation. The DeepForce model has an excellent predictive performance with a relative error less than 7.6% not only for confined water in small channel systems (L < 6 nm) but also for confined water in large channel systems (L = 20 nm) which are computationally inaccessible through the high accuracy ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, we note that classical Molecular dynamics simulations can be inaccurate in capturing the interfacial physics of water in confinement (L < 4.0 nm) when quantum scale physics are neglected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work employs the Extended Direct Algebraic Method (EDAM) to solve quadratic and cubic nonlinear Klein–Gordon Equations (KGEs), which are standard models in particle and quantum physics that describe the dynamics of scaler particles with spin zero in the framework of Einstein's theory of relativity. By applying variables-based wave transformations, the targeted KGEs are converted into Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs). The resultant NODEs are subsequently reduced to a set of nonlinear algebraic equations through the assumption of series-based solutions for them. New families of soliton solutions are obtained in the form of hyperbolic, trigonometric, exponential and rational functions when these systems are solved using Maple. A few soliton solutions are considered for certain values of the given parameters with the help of contour and 3D plots, which indicate that the solitons exist in the form of dark kink, hump kink, lump-like kink, bright kink and cuspon kink solitons. These soliton solutions are relevant to actual physics, for instance, in the context of particle physics and theories of quantum fields. These solutions are useful also for the enhancement of our understanding of the basic particle interactions and wave dynamics at all levels of physics, including but not limited to cosmology, compact matter physics and nonlinear optics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Schrödinger–Virasoro algebra was originally introduced during the process of investigating the free Schrödinger equations. In order to investigate vertex representations of the Schrödinger–Virasoro algebra, Unterberger introduced a new infinite-dimensional Lie algebra sṽ called the extended Schrödinger–Virasoro algebra in the context of two-dimensional conformal field theory and statistical physics. In this paper, we study simple smooth modules over sṽ, which can be viewed as an extension of the Schrödinger–Virasoro algebra by a conformal current with conformal weight 1. More specifically, these modules are determined by simple modules over finite-dimensional solvable Lie algebras. Moreover, we present several equivalent descriptions for simple smooth modules over sṽ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relativistic discrete ejecta launched by black hole X-ray binaries (BH XRBs) can be observed to propagate up to parsec-scales from the central object. Observing the final deceleration phase of these jets is crucial to estimate their physical parameters and to reconstruct their full trajectory, with implications for the jet powering mechanism, composition, and formation. In this paper, we present the results of the modelling of the motion of the ejecta from three BH XRBs: MAXI J1820 |$+$| 070, MAXI J1535–571, and XTE J1752–223, for which high-resolution radio and X-ray observations of jets propagating up to |$\sim$| 15 arcsec (⁠|$\sim$| 0.6 pc at 3 kpc) from the core have been published in the recent years. For each jet, we modelled its entire motion with a dynamical blast-wave model, inferring robust values for the jet Lorentz factor, inclination angle and ejection time. Under several assumptions associated to the ejection duration, the jet opening angle and the available accretion power, we are able to derive stringent constraints on the maximum jet kinetic energy for each source (between |$10^{43}$| and |$10^{44}$| erg, including also H1743–322), as well as placing interesting upper limits on the density of the ISM through which the jets are propagating (from |$n_{\rm ISM} \lesssim 0.4$| cm |$^{-3}$| down to |$n_{\rm ISM} \lesssim 10^{-4}$| cm |$^{-3}$|⁠). Overall, our results highlight the potential of applying models derived from gamma-ray bursts to the physics of jets from BH XRBs and support the emerging picture of these sources as preferentially embedded in low-density environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For an arbitrary field K and a K-variety V, we introduce the étale-open topology on the set V(K) of K-points of V. This topology agrees with the Zariski topology, Euclidean topology, or valuation topology when K is separably closed, real closed, or p-adically closed, respectively. Topological properties of the étale-open topology correspond to algebraic properties of K. For example, the étale-open topology on A¹(K) is not discrete if and only if K is large. As an application, we show that a large stable field is separably closed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the effect of hole doping on the Kitaev spin liquid (KSL) and find that for ferromagnetic (FM) Kitaev exchange K the system is very susceptible to the formation of a FM spin polarization. Through density matrix renormalization group simulations on finite systems, we uncover that the introduction of a single hole, corresponding to ≈1% hole doping for the system size we consider, with a hopping strength of just t ~ 0.28K is enough to disrupt fractionalization and polarize the spins in the [001] direction due to an order-by-disorder mechanism. Taking into account a material relevant FM anisotropic exchange Γ drives the polarization towards the [111] direction via a transition into a topological FM state with chiral magnon excitations. We develop a parton mean-field theory incorporating fermionic holons and bosonic magnons, which accounts for the doping induced FM phases and topological magnon excitations. We discuss experimental implications for Kitaev candidate materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a nonrelativistic fluid analogue model for a scalar field coupled to a classical source. The generic analogue gravity model involves the phonon-field which is coupled to the acoustic metric. We work in the special relativity limit of the acoustic analogue. By assuming a time-dependent external potential on the fluid system, we are able to model a source term for the scalar field. Upon quantization, phonon creation due to the source is studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the regularity criterion of weak solutions to three-dimensional magneto-micropolar fluid equations with fractional dissipation. A regularity criterion is established via the third component of the velocity fields, the micro-rotational velocity fields, and the magnetic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We draw concrete consequences from our arithmetic duality for two-dimensional local rings with perfect residue field. These consequences include class field theory, Hasse principles for coverings and K2 and a duality between divisor class groups and Brauer groups. To obtain these, we analyze the ind-pro-algebraic group structures on arithmetic cohomology obtained earlier and prove some finiteness properties about them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a conceptual history of the development of early universe particle physics in the 1970s, focusing on the development of more sophisticated tools for constructing gauge-theories at finite-temperature. I start with a focus on early investigations into spontaneous symmetry restoration, and continue through the development of functional methods up to equilibrium finite-temperature field theory. I argue that the early universe provides an ideal setting for integrated modelling of thermal, gravitational, and particle physics effects due to its relative simplicity. I further argue that the development of finite-temperature field theory played an important secondary role in the rise of the effective field theory worldview, and investigate the status of the analogies between phase transitions in particle physics and condensed matter physics. I find that the division into "formal" versus "physical" analogies is too coarse-grained to understand the important physical developments at play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gain-driven emission in gain–loss coupling systems attains significant interest. In this work, we study the monochromatic oscillation of a gain–loss coupling system through a circuit model, where the monochromacy is manifested as the gain-driven synchronization of two coupled oscillators. The synchronized oscillation in this model is theoretically studied and experimentally manifested. Benefiting from the conceptual simplicity of a circuit model, a pair of asymmetric long-living states is found among the unstable gain-driven monochromatic oscillations, corresponding to bound states in the continuum of coupling physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper revisits the formulation of the second law in continuum physics and investigates new methods of exploitation. Both the entropy flux and the entropy production are taken to be expressed by constitutive equations. In three-dimensional settings, vectors and tensors are in order and they occur through inner products in the inequality representing the second law; a representation formula, which is quite uncommon in the literature, produces the general solution whenever the sought equations are considered in rate-type forms. Next, the occurrence of the entropy production as a constitutive function is shown to produce a wider set of physically admissible models. Furthermore the constitutive property of the entropy production results in an additional, essential term in the evolution equation of rate-type materials, as is the case for Duhem-like hysteretic models. This feature of thermodynamically consistent hysteretic materials is exemplified for elastic–plastic materials. The representation formula is shown to allow more general non-local properties while the constitutive entropy production proves essential for the modeling of hysteresis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, by methods of symmetry analysis, we study a model of longitudinal dynamic deformation of a viscoelastic rod with a power-law dependence of stress on strain and strain rate. Symmetry analysis of the models of physics and continuum mechanics is one of the most effective ways to obtain quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the physical processes. Model under study is given by a nonlinear differential equation with partial derivatives of the third order. The main Lie group of transformations of this equation is found. For this equation, a formula for the production of new solutions is obtained and all invariant submodels are found. For all these invariant submodels, the invariant solutions that determine these submodels are obtained either in explicit form, or their search reduces to the solving of the systems of first-order differential equations. For these systems, boundary value problems that have a physical meaning are studied. Conditions are obtained that ensure the existence and uniqueness of the solutions to these boundary value problems. This allows one to correctly solve these boundary value problems numerically. Boundary value problems for some specific values of the parameters included in them are solved numerically. The research carried out is especially relevant in rocket engineering, aircraft engineering, shipbuilding, and other fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discuss matters related to the point that topological quantization in the strong interaction is a consequence of an infinite spacetime volume. Because of the ensuing order of limits, i.e., infinite volume prior to summing over topological sectors, C P is conserved. Here, we show that this reasoning is consistent with the construction of the path integral from steepest-descent contours. We reply to some objections that aim to support the case for C P violation in strong interactions that are based on the role of the C P -odd theta-parameter in three-form effective theories, the correct sampling of all configurations in the dilute instanton gas approximation and the volume dependence of the partition function. We also show that the chiral effective field theory derived from taking the volume to infinity first is in no contradiction with analyses based on partially conserved axial currents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effective field theory approach parameterizes the low energy behaviors of all possible ultraviolet (UV) theories in a systematic way. One of the most important tasks is thus to find the connection between the effective operators and their UV origins. The redundancy relations among operators make the connection very subtle, hence we proposed the J-basis prescription to illuminate the correspondence between operators and their UV resonances in the bottom-up way. In this work, we work out the dimension-8 J-basis operators in the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT), and find all the 146 (82) tree-level UV resonances along with their couplings up to mass dimension 5 (4). Furthermore, we point out a few subtleties on operator generation via field redefinition and on the UV Lagrangian for generic spin resonances. We also provide a data base storing our results and a Mathematica notebook for extracting those results for the reader's conveinence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The requirement that particles propagate causally on non-trivial backgrounds implies interesting constraints on higher-derivative operators. This work is part of a systematic study of the positivity bounds derivable from time delays on shockwave backgrounds. First, we discuss shockwaves in field theory, which are infinitely boosted Coulomb-like field configurations. We show how a positive time delay implies positivity of four-derivative operators in scalar field theory and electromagnetism, consistent with the results derived using dispersion relations, and we comment on how additional higher-derivative operators could be included. We then turn to gravitational shockwave backgrounds. We compute the infinite boost limit of Reissner-Nordström black holes to derive charged shockwave backgrounds. We consider photons traveling on these backgrounds and interacting through four-derivative corrections to Einstein-Maxwell theory. The inclusion of gravity introduces a logarithmic term into the time delay that interferes with the straightforward bounds derivable in pure field theory, a fact consistent with CEMZ and with recent results from dispersion relations. We discuss two ways to extract a physically meaningful quantity from the logarithmic time delay — by introducing an IR cutoff, or by considering the derivative of the time delay — and comment on the bounds implied in each case. Finally, we review a number of additional shockwave backgrounds which might be of use in future applications, including spinning shockwaves, those in higher dimensions or with a cosmological constant, and shockwaves from boosted extended objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The muon, a short-lived cousin of the electron, has provided a longstanding discrepancy between the standard model of particle physics and experimental measurements. This suggests that a not-yet-known particle or force perturbs the muon. The discovery of such "new physics" would have profound consequences on our understanding of Nature. In 2021, the attention of the world was drawn to this discrepancy when the announcement of the independent confirmation of the experiment by Fermilab [ 1 ] coincided with the publication of our ab-initio calculation (Nature [ 2 ]). Our result dramatically updated the theoretical prediction, bringing it significantly closer to the experimental value: it may be possible to explain the Fermilab measurement without any new physics, even with the latest Fermilab update [ 3 ]. Our result established a new standard of precision for such calculations that has yet to be challenged; with uncertainties comparable to the experimental measurement and the reference, data-driven computations. We are carrying out new simulations to reduce both the systematic and statistical uncertainties. Both improvements are required in order to match the precision of the final Fermilab measurement, to be obtained in the coming years. As such, these simulations will be critical to determine whether the muon's magnetic moment harbours new fundamental physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book review discusses S. Scott Graham's work "Where's the Rhetoric? Imagining a Unified Field," which addresses the tension between traditional rhetorical perspectives and materialist rhetorical approaches in the field of rhetoric studies. Graham argues for a unified theory that bridges these perspectives by emphasizing the ontological and embodied aspects of rhetoric. The book explores the influence of philosopher Henri Bergson on key figures in rhetorical theory, such as Kenneth Burke and Carolyn Miller, and proposes a new materialist framework called Genre as Process (GAP) to analyze genres in various contexts. Graham's text offers a comprehensive analysis of rhetorical practices and discourses, drawing on diverse perspectives to enrich the study of rhetoric. [Extracted from the article]

The variational theory is an inextricable part of both continuum mechanics and physics, and plays an important role in mathematics and nonlinear science, however it is difficult to find a variational formulation for a nonlinear system, and it is more difficult for a fractional differential system. This paper is to search for a variational formulation for the Schrödinger-KdV system with M-fractional derivatives. The fractional complex transformation is used to convert the system into a traditional differential system, and the semi-inverse method is further applied to establish a needed variational principle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we continue the rigorous study of classical effective field theories (EFTs) that was recently initiated in the work of Reall and Warnick. We study a system with one light and one heavy field with cubic coupling and prove global existence [of the ultraviolet (UV) solution] under an effective norm in the high mass limit. Furthermore, we prove that the global solution linearly scatters (in Lax–Philips sense) and that this final state has an expansion in inverse powers of the mass, and can be recovered from the EFT equation alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predicting the structural properties of water and simple fluids confined in nanometer scale pores and channels is essential in, for example, energy storage and biomolecular systems. Classical continuum theories fail to accurately capture the interfacial structure of fluids. In this work, we develop a deep learning-based quasi-continuum theory (DL-QT) to predict the concentration and potential profiles of a Lennard-Jones (LJ) fluid and water confined in a nanochannel. The deep learning model is built based on a convolutional encoder–decoder network (CED) and is applied for high-dimensional surrogate modeling to relate the fluid properties to the fluid–fluid potential. The CED model is then combined with the interatomic potential-based continuum theory to determine the concentration profiles of a confined LJ fluid and confined water. We show that the DL-QT model exhibits robust predictive performance for a confined LJ fluid under various thermodynamic states and for water confined in a nanochannel of different widths. The DL-QT model seamlessly connects molecular physics at the nanoscale with continuum theory by using a deep learning model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interfaces of glassy materials such as thin films, blends, and composites create strong unidirectional gradients to the local heterogeneous dynamics that can be used to elucidate the length scales and mechanisms associated with the dynamic heterogeneity of glasses. We focus on bilayer films of two different polymers with very different glass transition temperatures (Tg) where previous work has demonstrated a long-range (~200 nm) profile in local Tg(z) is established between immiscible glassy and rubbery polymer domains when the polymer-polymer interface is formed to equilibrium. Here, we demonstrate that an equally long-ranged gradient in local modulus ...(z) is established when the polymer-polymer interface (≈5 nm) is formed between domains of glassy polystyrene (PS) and rubbery poly(butadiene) (PB), consistent with previous reports of a broad Tg(z) profile in this system. A continuum physics model for the shear wave propagation caused by a quartz crystal microbalance across a PB/PS bilayer film is used to measure the viscoelastic properties of the bilayer during the evolution of the PB/PS interface showing the development of a broad gradient in local modulus ...(z) spanning ≈180 nm between the glassy and rubbery domains of PS and PB. We suggest these broad profiles in Tg(z) and ...(z) arise from a coupling of the spectrum of vibrational modes across the polymer-polymer interface as a result of acoustic impedance matching of sound waves with λ ~ 5 nm during interface broadening that can then trigger density fluctuations in the neighboring domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns late 1920 s attempts to construct unitary theories of gravity and electromagnetism. A first attempt using a non-standard connection—with torsion and zero-curvature—was carried out by Albert Einstein in a number of publications that appeared between 1928 and 1931. In 1929, Tullio Levi-Civita discussed Einstein's geometric structure and deduced a new system of differential equations in a Riemannian manifold endowed with what is nowadays known as Levi-Civita connection. He attained an important result: Maxwell's electromagnetic equations and the gravitational equations were obtained exactly, while Einstein had deduced them only as a first order approximation. A main feature of Levi-Civita's theory is the essential use of the Ricci's rotation coefficients, introduced by Gregorio Ricci Curbastro many years before. We trace the history of Ricci's coefficients that are still used today, and highlight their geometric and mechanical meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a special issue of the journal "Symmetry" titled "Symmetry beyond the Standard Models of Cosmology, High Energy Physics and Quantum Field Theory." It discusses the advancements in research on the nature of matter, particularly at high interaction energies that are inaccessible on Earth. The study of phenomena beyond the standard model is explored through the interdependent paths of cosmology, high-energy physics, and quantum field theory. The papers in this special issue cover a range of topics, including the spin-charge-family theory, gravitational baryogenesis, the evolution of the universe, dark matter, primordial black holes, primordial nucleosynthesis, and new types of particles. The document concludes by highlighting the exciting advances in the study of symmetry groups and macroscopic structures. [Extracted from the article]

They prove that a rectifiable curve has finite HT ht -curvature for some HT ht if and only if the pertinent "curve" of oriented unit tangent vectors is a Sobolev map with the same exponent HT ht . However, it is not our purpose to propose here a history of ideas in mechanics[1]; rather, we just aim at underlying that continuum mechanics is a dynamic variegate field at various conceptual levels, a land that can flourish even in unexpected places. Keywords: continuum mechanics; mathematical analysis; geometry EN continuum mechanics mathematical analysis geometry 1 8 8 11/07/23 20231225 NES 231225 Continuum mechanics - we can say - is a class of field theories, based on causality, which describe bodies extended in space and do not account directly for the quantum structure of the matter. As a class of classical (in the sense of non-quantized) field theories, continuum mechanics has been so far an attractive playground for researchers working on calculus of variations, differential geometry, numerical analysis and partial differential equations. [Extracted from the article]

Oscillation theory of different types of the differential equations is widely used today not only in mathematical disciplines, but also in almost all technical sciences. A large number of papers has been published in the field of nuclear physics and the theory of chemical reactions, which contains at least a part of the theory of oscillatory differential equations. It has a special application in fluid mechanics, which is confirmed by numerous studies and scientific gatherings organized by faculties and institutes that study this field of science, due to the exchange of results in the oscillation criteria special types of differential equations. This paper extends the study from Bojiičić and Jovanović (2019) which deals with the study of oscillation criteria for half-linear differential equation with delay. The known criteria of oscillation with weight averaging are derived in the case when the delay function is monotonically nondecreasing. Adequate examples are given to illustrate the validity of these criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze a variety of Gaussian integrals with the aim of revisiting the derivation of the Hubbard–Stratonovich transformation as given in standard graduate-level textbooks and provide an overview of its applications. We pinpoint problematic steps in the usual discussions and propose careful derivations of the Hubbard–Stratonovich identity pertinent to a variety of situations relevant to statistical physics and quantum field theory. These derivations are based on direct use of either a resolution identity or a series expansion. A few homework problems for students are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In dynamical systems on networks, Kirchhoff's first law describes the local conservation of a quantity across edges. Predominantly, Kirchhoff's first law has been conceived as a phenomenological law of continuum physics. We establish its algebraic form as a property that is inherited from fundamental axioms of a network's geometry, instead of a law observed in physical nature. To this end, we extend calculus to networks, modeled as abstract metric spaces, and derive Kirchhoff's first law for hyperbolic conservation laws. In particular, our results show that hyperbolic conservation laws on networks can be stated without explicit Kirchhoff-type boundary conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Krzysztof Gaw¿dzki, a prominent figure in the mathematical physics community, passed away in January 2022. He made significant contributions to various fields, including geometric quantization, supermanifolds, renormalization group, conformal field theory, turbulence, KAM theory, stochastic thermodynamics, and topological insulators. Gaw¿dzki was known for his deep understanding of subjects and his expertise in quantum field theory. He served as the Editor-in-Chief of Annales Henri Poincaré from 2012 to 2018, where he prioritized the representation of diverse research and did not prioritize impact factors. His passing was a loss to the mathematical physics community, and a special issue of AHP was dedicated to his memory. [Extracted from the article]

The long history of studying the propagation of an action potential has revealed that an electrical signal is accompanied by mechanical and thermal effects. All these effects together generate an ensemble of waves. The consistent models of such a complex phenomenon can be derived by using properly the fundamental physical principles. In this paper, attention is paid to the analysis of concepts of continuum physics that constitute a basis for deriving the mathematical models which describe the emergence and propagation of a wave ensemble in an axon. Such studies are interdisciplinary and based on biology, physics, mathematics, and chemistry. The governing equations for the action potential together with mechanical and thermal effects are derived starting from basics: Maxwell equations, conservation of momentum, Fourier’s law, etc., but modified following experimental studies in electrophysiology. Several ideas from continuum physics like external forces and internal variables can also be used in deriving the corresponding models. Some mathematical concepts used in modeling are also briefly described. A brief overview of several mathematical models is presented that allows us to analyze the present ideas of modeling. Most mathematical models deal with the propagation of signals in a healthy axon. Further analysis is needed for better modeling the pathological situations and the explanation of the influence of the structural details like the myelin sheath or the cytoskeleton in the axoplasm. The future possible trends in improving the models are envisaged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the limit of sequences of vertex algebras. We discuss under what condition the vector space direct limit of such a sequence is again a vertex algebra. We then apply this framework to permutation orbifolds of vertex operator algebras and their large N limit. We establish that for any nested oligomorphic permutation orbifold such a large N limit exists, and we give a necessary and sufficient condition for that limit to factorize. This helps clarify the question of what VOAs can give rise to holographic conformal field theories in physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we prove that a large class of linear evolution partial differential equations defines a Stokes-Dirac structure over Hilbert spaces. To do so, the theory of boundary control system is employed. This definition encompasses problems from mechanics that cannot be handled by the geometric setting given in the seminal paper by van der Schaft and Maschke in 2002. Many worked-out examples stemming from continuum mechanics and physics are presented in detail, and a particular focus is given to the functional spaces in duality at the boundary of the geometrical domain. For each example, the connection between the differential operators and the associated Hilbert complexes is illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the theory of partial differential equations, the fundamental solutions have undoubtedly occupied serious attention, as they have a critical role to play in a wide range of problems under mathematical physics and continuum mechanics. The present work explores the Galerkin-type representation of the field equations based on the recently developed Moore–Gibson–Thompson thermoelasticity theory. With the help of the Laplace transform technique, we then establish the short-time approximated fundamental solutions for two separate cases: concentrated body force and concentrated heat source. For the time domain, the fundamental solutions are obtained by taking inverse Laplace transforms of displacement and temperature components. Lastly, we obtain the fundamental solution for steady vibration in terms of elementary functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, our aim is to construct the novel wave structures for two non-linear evolution equations which are rising in non-linear optics, mathematical biological models, fluid dynamics, waves theory, mechanics, quantum mechanics, and many more. We employed an efficient analytical technique namely, the Sardar-subequation method to build the wave solutions for the modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation and the Coupled Klein–Gordon equations. We have built the numerous type of soliton wave structures of modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation and the Coupled Klein–Gordon equations via the Sardar-subequation method. Acquired results reveal the dynamics behavior of waves structures including the bright, singular, dark, and periodic singular solitons solutions. To illustrate the behavior of these solutions some selected solutions are sketched in two-, and three-dimensional graphs. On the basis of these results, our technique is suitable, up-to-date, and powerful. The obtained solutions are very efficacious and influential in non-linear optics, mathematical biology, mechanics, fluid mechanics, plasma physics, and many more. This study will assist to predict some new hypothesis and theories in the field of mathematical physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If evolution was/is a fact, a simplified/unifying approach to explain cellular physiology is warranted. Such a perspective should agree with the thermodynamic, kinetic, structural, and operational‐probabilistic considerations; without invoking overt intelligence or determinism, and must enable a synthesis from chaos. In this regard, we first list salient theories in cellular physiology for (i) powering (generation of chemical/heat energy), (ii) coherence (interconnectivity and workability as a unit), (iii) homeostasis (metabolizing and expelling of unfamiliar/unwanted materials, maintaining concentration/volume), and (iv) cellular electrical‐mechanical activities. While doing so, we discuss the scopes and limitations of (a) the classical active‐site affinity and recognition‐based modality of lock‐key and induced‐fit enzyme‐catalytic mechanisms established by Fischer/Koshland, (b) membrane‐pump hypothesis acclaimed by biologists‐physicians and historically championed by the British Nobel‐laureates like Hodgkin–Huxley–Katz–Mitchell, and (c) association‐induction hypothesis advocated by physicists–physiologists from various parts of the world, for example, Gilbert Ling (China–USA), Gerald Pollack (USA), Ludwig Edelmann (Germany), Vladimir Matveev (Russia), and so on. We apply murburn concept (from "mured burning," capturing the thesis that one‐electron redox equilibriums involving diffusible reactive species play vital roles in maintaining life order) to amalgamate several core cellular functions and further discuss the prospects for establishing the continuum of the principles of physics in biology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, beginning and today expansion of universe are viewed in 𝑓(𝑅, 𝛷, 𝑋) gravity. Field equations and their solutions of Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker cosmologies with perfect fluid are obtained by considering 𝑓(𝑅, Φ, 𝑋) = 𝑓0𝑅 + 𝑓1𝑋𝑞 - 𝑉(𝛷) model. Validity of both 𝑓(𝑅, 𝛷, 𝑋) gravity and 𝑓(𝑅, 𝛷, 𝑋) = 𝑓0𝑅 + 𝑓1𝑋𝑞 - 𝑉(Φ) model for non-static space-time geometries is discussed by making use of the obtained matter dynamics results such as pressure and energy density. It is seen that in all obtained solutions by taking into account early and late period expansion, 𝑓 function is a constant. This indicates that 𝑓(𝑅, Φ, 𝑋) function is a first-order dependent function of Ricci scalar. When 𝑓(𝑅, 𝛷, 𝑋) = 𝑓0𝑅 + 𝑓1𝑋𝑞 - 𝑉(𝛷) model is considered together, it is understood that the obtained solutions could be reduced to Λ - 𝐶𝐷𝑀 model for 𝑓(𝑅) gravity in limits of 𝛷 → 0 and 𝑋 → 0. The fact that the obtained results agree with expected situations supports. So, 𝑓(𝑅, 𝛷, 𝑋) theory is a consistent theory of gravity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study generalized symmetries in a simplified arena in which the usual quantum field theories of physics are replaced with topological field theories and the smooth structure with which the symmetry groups of physics are usually endowed is forgotten. Doing so allows many questions of physical interest to be answered using the tools of homotopy theory. We study both global and gauge symmetries, as well as 't Hooft anomalies, which we show fall into one of two classes. Our approach also allows some insight into earlier work on symmetries (generalized or not) of topological field theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the deficiency that the traditional importance ranking method cannot be used to objectively and comprehensively evaluate the importance of the causes of hoisting injuries, an importance ranking method based on topological potential is proposed by using complex network theory and field theory in physics. First, the causes of 385 reported lifting injuries are divided into 36 independent causes at four levels through a systematic analysis approach, and the relationships among these causes are obtained through the Delphi method. Then, the accident causes are treated as nodes, and the relationships among the causes are used as edges to establish a network model of the causes of lifting accidents. The out-degree and in-degree topological potential of each node are calculated, and an importance ranking of lifting injuries causes is obtained. Finally, based on 11 evaluation indexes commonly used to assess node importance (node degree, betweenness centrality, etc.), the ability of the method proposed in this paper to effectively identify the key nodes in the cause network of lifting accidents is verified, and the conclusions can guide the safe implementation of lifting operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a new perspective on organizational change by utilizing the substrate-independence theory. The substrate-independence theory utilizes constructor theory from the field of physics, concepts from information theory, and counterfactuals from science to identify, map, and address organizational change. The concepts presented in the current article highlight the initial steps in mapping one's landscape that include the environment and its constraints and barriers. These maps become information in real-time that aid organizational leaders and practitioners navigate ambiguity and complexity. The substrate-independence theory adds to the field of sensemaking to help close the gap between the unknown and the known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]