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With the provision of ever-growing and ever-changing digital content and electronic resources, or e-resources, libraries can provide access to content wherever their patrons may be in the world, since libraries can support patrons from all over the world via the Internet. E-resource formats (such as with databases, streaming services, ebooks, and more) allow for a library of any type and located anywhere to provide content twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. Staying abreast of changes and issues involved with e-resources can seem overwhelming at times. This column aims to share insights and resources that may be useful in the endeavors of electronic resources librarians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most academic libraries perform some level of collection assessment for e-resources. However, traditional e-resource assessment procedures pose multiple challenges related to their adaptability, transparency, and sustainability. At the Valley Library at Oregon State University, a multi-tiered assessment process is continually revised and refined to reflect the changing scholarly communication landscape and address the needs of both our library and our community. This paper discusses how this collection assessment system is currently set up, and outlines the challenges, benefits, and future considerations for other libraries interested in adapting their own e-resource assessment practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the American Library Association (ALA) Annual Conference in Chicago, U.S. on June 25, 2023. Topics included documentation in technical services, focusing on best practices and challenges in documentation management and developing future electronic resource librarians. Attendees from diverse library backgrounds has attended the conference including Greg Ferguson and Cara Calabrese.

The article focuses on the eResource Record Purge Project at the Cowan-Blakley Memorial Library, aiming to improve user experience by removing lakhs of electronic book records from the OPAC (Online library catalogs). It addresses the challenges posed by impermanent access to electronic resources, which has led to frustration among patrons and undermined their trust in the library's catalog.

The article highlights the impact of OpenAI's ChatGPT Plus on electronic resource librarians, discussing its features, advantages and challenges. It explores the capabilities of ChatGPT Plus, emphasizing its upgraded functionalities, pros, cons and the potential of plugins in enhancing librarian tasks.

The article focuses on the evolving landscape of cataloging in libraries, emphasizing the shift from print to electronic resources for both new and experienced catalogers. Topics covered include the historical transition from print to electronic cataloging tools, discontinued print resources and a comprehensive list of current e-resources for cataloging, ranging from online manuals to professional organizations.

The article evaluates a 2023 issue of the periodical "E-Resource Round Up!" and also offers information on the Electronic Resources and Libraries 18th annual conference and In an age of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the topic of what it means to be human is more essential than ever.

This case study examines the use of electronic resources in academic institutions and the difficulties in forecasting their usage. By employing time series analysis-based models, the study forecasts the utilization of e-resources from 2012 to 2021. It concludes that both Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Error, Trend, Seasonal (ETS) models successfully predict electronic resource usage. The study emphasizes the significance of precise predictions for academic institution libraries to manage their collections, allocate resources efficiently, and make informed decisions regarding future acquisitions. The research seeks to forecast the trends of e-resource usage for the next decade based on the decade's data (2012 to 2021). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assesses electronic journal usage for subscription packages and discusses the challenges for librarians to interpret COUNTER data accurately. By correlating usage and holding data from two different types of vendor, COUNTER 5 Title Master Report and Electronic Holdings Report, the authors were able to review journal usage in a larger context and gain insights into how usage was affected by other factors, such as journal access models and vendor platform design. While the findings showed a high percentage of overall usage for subscription journals, one surprising result was the usage of non-subscribed journal titles in all COUNTER metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the library profession changes and more emphasis is placed on technology, electronic resources, linked data, and systems integrations, understanding the experiences of librarians who have transitioned from public to technical services will benefit librarians who are seeking to (or are required to) make a similar career change. Several academic librarians were interviewed about the transitions they made from one functional type of library work to another. While the reasons and experiences varied as to why they transitioned from public services to technical services, several common themes emerged for the participants in our study. This article seeks to highlight the benefits, challenges, and strategic processes involved in a transition between public services librarianship and technical services librarianship. By sharing the participants' experiences, realizations, and advice, it is hoped that current librarians thinking of or needing to make a transition will have a better understanding of what they can expect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

California State University, Fullerton (CSUF) library makes available its collection on the discovery layer, Primo VE. Users should be able to access all the content seamlessly but, they lack research experience, and the library collection is usually hiding errors that need to be fixed by the Electronic Resources (ER) Librarian. Sometimes, users make false reports to access issues. Students report problems to open access (OA) articles because they do not get linked directly to the desired article. The ER librarian analyzed electronic resource tickets submitted in 2022. These are opportunities to connect with users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the challenges faced by electronic resources librarians due to the shift towards digital resources and online delivery in libraries, exacerbated by fiscal pressures. It emphasizes the importance of managing digital collections effectively, the increasing prominence of open access resources, the relevance of libraries in addressing societal issues, and the uncertain future of libraries and e-resources in the face of technological and social changes.

This study examines how Australian academic librarians perceived effective techniques used to market their electronic resources and the factors influencing their perceptions of the used particular techniques. Descriptive (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and inferential (ordinal regressions) statistics were used to analyze the collected data from an online survey. The results reveal that demographics, human capital and library variables play an important and significant role in predicting librarians' perceptions of effective techniques used to market electronic resources. The findings are useful for information professionals to reflect on the effectiveness of the techniques used, to balance the weight of the factors' influences, and to better understand various effective techniques to enable them to market electronic resources more effectively in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Library consortia are typically nonprofit entities that exist to promote the interests and concerns of their member libraries. Activities may include licensing e-resources such as databases, ejournals, ebooks, and other library tools; operating shared library platforms; providing union catalogs and regional delivery and a host of other services. Most library consortia are governed by a board of directors and have active involvement with librarians in their member institutions. Conflict of interest policies have been instituted in many library consortia to provide good governance and to make sure that the needs of the organization are the primary purpose of participants and not the personal interests of stakeholders. An examination of some of the key elements of conflict of interest policies in nonprofit organizations are examined with specific application to library consortia. The key elements in all of the policies that were examined are transparency and disclosure. Organizations vary on the level of proactive disclosure that is required with some requiring extensive disclosure statements and others providing a simple acknowledgement of a conflict of interest policy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Libraries are tasked with upholding a code of ethics for patron privacy according to the Library Bill of Rights and the American Library Association's (ALA) Code of Ethics. However, patrons' personal identifiable information (PII) is being shared through various channels. As libraries move to more technical and digital based collections this creates more challenges to safeguarding patrons' privacy. This technical environment is where information now serves as a platform for library assessment analysis, access for patrons, and demonstration of impact. This study examines the values of e-resource librarians about privacy, the environmental factors influencing decisions, and if the e-resource librarian has a role in their organization's privacy standards. Data was collected through surveys, and the study found that there is a direct correlation between an organization having a policy on privacy and the e-resource librarians' values being represented in their role. There are also indications that the e-resource librarian believes their employer shares their values on privacy. Lastly, the study revealed two major external driving forces on privacy policy are vendors and US privacy policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic had a near-immediate impact on libraries worldwide. The majority of the world's libraries shifted their work to online environments, and while this pivot was difficult for all libraries, technical services units were disproportionately impacted given the inherent physical nature of the tasks undertaken by these library units. Research on the impact of COVID-19 and libraries is still developing, but already, technical services units and tasks are being left behind. This literature review explores the early days of COVID-19 guidance for technical services units, tasks, and workers, as well as the lasting impact of COVID-19 on technical work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the assessment of construct validity and reliability of an instrument used to measure librarians' adoption and implementation of Evidence-based Librarianship (EBL) in the acquisition decision of electronic resources. The instrument is developed based on well-established theories/models of Technology Organization and Environment (TOE), Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), and a Concern-based Adoption Model (CBAM) with a newly added construct, user needs, and preferences. The instrument was evaluated using the Partial Least Squares (SMART- PLS) software applications using structural equation modelling (SEM) to determine its validity and reliability through) analysis of the measurement model (outer model) and ii) analysis of the structural model (inner model). A total of 278 participants were identified from the 1040 research population. This research applied probability sampling using proportionate stratified techniques to gather responses from librarians in library and information center management. The results of both analyses indicated that the construct validity and reliability of the instrument were acceptable and moderate, respectively. The internal consistency reported a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.718 to 0.956, composite reliability of 0.70 and 0.90, average variance extracted value above 0.50. The model prediction accuracy and relevancy revealed R2 (adoption: 0.300, implementation 0.399) and Q2 (adoption 0.213, implementation 0.227), which were acceptable and moderate, respectively. The model has also been reported to be free from collinearity issues. Thus, the instrument is ready for use in e-resource and evidence-based library acquisition research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on institutions of higher education in the U.S. Topics include understanding the limitations of the library's electronic resources licenses and communicating with the appropriate instructors; users affiliating with the library such as high school students coming to the library for a tour or researchers using the library's special collections; and students taking courses at the university or college through a corporate partnership or community program.

During its relatively short existence, the electronic resources librarian has often shared responsibilities with other areas of librarianship. To highlight the uniqueness and provide a level of understanding about the position, the North American Serials Interest Group developed NASIG's Core Competencies for Electronic Resources Librarians based on a study which analyzed the occurrence of descriptors -- responsibilities and qualifications -- from job ads posted between 2005 and 2009. The aim of this article is to build on NASIG's Core Competencies by expanding the time period considered. Data from the additional years brings to light both rising and declining trends reflecting changes in electronic resources librarian responsibilities and requirements. The author contends that the findings reported in this article may be useful for refining NASIG's Core Competencies as the profession evolves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the role of electronic resources librarian in electronic resource management. It mentions the role mentorship can play to smooth electronic resources librarian process, challenges of identifying the primary job responsibilities of an electronic resources librarian, and electronic resources librarian roles and issues, touching on licensing, metadata, Open Access, and communication.

The authors detail the operationalization of a library consortium's electronic resources assessment and reporting plan, including the implementation of procedures to collect and archive usage data, and the development of a sustainable annual reporting process. Despite finding that implementing a practical e-resources assessment plan for a consortium is possible even with limited available human resources, significant challenges related to data collection continue to limit the ability of library consortia to undertake more holistic assessments of the overall value of their procured e-resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sidney Martin Library at The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill campus provides access to electronic resources for staff and students in support of the various programmes offered by the campus. Training in the use of these resources is provided as part of the library's Information Literacy sessions for students; however, based on comments and queries from the influx of students when assignments are due, it seems they are either unaware of or unable to effectively use the electronic resources available to them for their fields of study. The implication is that additional training should be provided to encourage students to effectively use the electronic resources to which they have access. To assist students, a training programme in the use of the Library's online databases and eBooks was developed and piloted. The approach where training was provided based on their immediate assignment/research needs and using their own electronic device was employed. This paper looks at lessons learned from the implementation of the pilot programme based on this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic libraries face the dual challenges of decreasing budgets and increasing demand for electronic resources. Librarians at three midwestern US public research universities discuss the electronic resources environment, the direction of content development, and using future-proof as well as future-driven licensing language to best provide for the needs of today's library collections decisions. Trends are discussed in both content development areas and the negotiated license framework. This article offers pragmatic approaches to answer current questions for electronic resources librarians as they experience inflation increases and the greater Serials Crisis while still looking to build access to their digital investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the ALCTS (Association for Library Collections and Technical Services) Virtual Interest Group Meeting by the ALCTS Electronic Resource Interest Group on June 12, 2020 on the role of electronic resource professionals and libraries during the COVID-19 pandemic to support online learning and research, access to temporarily free electronic resources and transition of library staffs. The meeting featured librarians Christopher Vidas, Heather Wilson and Laurel Narizny.

This study aims to explore the use of mobile technology among students of University of Ljubljana (UL), Slovenia, in order to improve academic library services. We focused on the use of mobile library services of academic libraries in general and students' reading of full text resources on mobile devices in particular. A questionnaire was administered online to collect data from students within all faculties of University of Ljubljana. Assuming that the attitude towards using mobile devices to read scholarly e-resources is also affected by students' perception of mobile devices, we researched this in the context of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). UL students perceive mobile devices as generally useful for reading scholarly e-resources, but with shortcomings. They perceive mobile devices as practical for easy access to e-resources while they do not see them as appropriate for reading. Given the low mobile use of library online resources, UL libraries should develop a plan for the development of attractive mobile services and their effective promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two paraprofessional staff members and their supervising librarian provide perspectives on the effect that a major shift in operational focus had on a small academic library's acquisitions department. Staff members detail how their jobs changed as well as the challenges they faced when transitioning from a largely print-based operation to one in which working with electronic resources came to comprise the majority of their responsibilities. The supervising librarian addresses some of the managerial challenges present throughout this process, as well as corrective actions taken as informed through engaging staff in regular and frank dialogue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the open-access journal "Reviews in Digital Humanities," which features over a hundred digital humanities (DH) projects and reviews from various practitioners. It highlights its recognition in the field and its usefulness for library professionals, particularly electronic resources librarians. It emphasizes the journal's search options and its relevance to those interested in DH and Open Educational Resources.

One of the primary reasons behind the inefficiency of libraries pertains to the lack of user loyalty and continuous communication between users and libraries. Accordingly, this study set out to identify the factors contributing to the user loyalty of university libraries. The present study is applied in terms of research objectives and is survey and of correlational type in terms of data collection method. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the required data. To do so, data from 384 users of university libraries in Iran were analyzed running structural equation modeling (SEM) and Smart PLS software version 3.0. The obtained results revealed that user perceived value of the services provided to them generated a sense of satisfaction in them which in turn led to their loyalty to their presence in and re-use of library services. There was also a direct and significant relationship between the services provided by libraries, including eight dimensions of library rules, lending system, electronic resources, printed publications, technical facilities, library environment, personal and library services and user perceived value and satisfaction. The present research can be considered one of the initial studies having experimentally evaluated the factors contributing to user loyalty of university libraries presenting a new model. The results of this study could be useful in identifying some of the problems of libraries in attracting and maintaining users and providing appropriate solutions to solve them. The model presented in the study could be used in future research as well. Furthermore, the study has expanded the range of theories on user loyalty of university libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chat Reference Analysis project is an effort to understand and analyze the topics of concern for users with particular focus on issues that can be addressed by the Acquisitions and Discovery (A&D) Department. Conclusions drawn from a sampling of chat transcripts data using topic model analysis revealed a variety of human readable subtopic themes intended to identify improvements in certain domain areas. Additionally the study provided recommendations and opportunities for potential small-group/spin-off projects. The chat reference transcripts referred to here are the conversations between library patrons and staff supporting the chat service featured on several areas on the NC State University Libraries' website. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficient curation of usage statistics for electronic collections has remained problematic for librarians. Many libraries employ multiple tools and manual processes in order to consolidate and examine usage data. In 2018, the Electronic Resources unit at The University of Alabama Libraries began using LastPass to store vendor contact information, URLs, and login credentials necessary for collecting vendor-supplied usage data in order to complete two annual projects. The implementation of LastPass into the workflow allowed for a central location to house vendor login and contact information in a cloud server environment and saved time as the staff worked to meet short deadlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most academic libraries are facing increasing funding challenges that necessitate improved budget communication and advocacy, in addition to the more traditional planning and monitoring of funds. Moreover, electronic resources (e-resources) continue to evolve rapidly, spawning new material types and modes of acquisition. This paper defines four key facets of a materials budget that has been optimized for the e-resources environment and describes a process that can be used to redesign any academic library budget structure for the digital age. Specific examples of important practical advantages that have accrued over the six years since the fully faceted materials budget structure was implemented are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author details establishing a type of philanthropic enterprise that applies the innovative work processes she employed as an electronic resources librarian at an academic library and within a library consortium. Approaches to this philanthropic work, especially through the strategic application of innovation and business process management are described, as well as a vision to support library organizations and electronic resources management through innovative philanthropy. Her work in establishing a new Philanthropy Advisory Group for the American Library Association provides an example of this philanthropic approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Libraries have an established track record of preserving the scholarly record, but this stewardship role has generally been exercised over materials the library has purchased or otherwise acquired. With open access publishing, the library's role in preservation is less certain, as libraries may facilitate access to a wide array of freely accessible materials without ever obtaining any copies. Additionally, the open access landscape includes many small noncommercial publishers with limited resources that may not be able to invest in long term preservation and access. In this column, Courtney McAllister, Electronic Resources Librarian at Lillian Goldman Law Library, Yale University, discusses preservation concerns and strategies for open access publications and how libraries may be affected by unstable or unpredictable long-term access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is based on the university-ranking list, released by the Ministry of Human Resource and Development, Government of India on April 04, 2016 and attempts to evaluate the ranking of university libraries on the basis of resources procured and the research output recorded by these institutions during the years 2012-13, 2013-14 & 2014-15. On an average, 44% of the library budget in the university libraries across India is being spent on the procurement of print resources and 56% towards the procurement of electronic resources. And again, on an average each university library in India spends Rs. 58.74 million on the procurement of library resources each year and spends Rs. 0.364 million on the resource procurement against each faculty member. Each faculty member during the period of study has on an average published 3.73 research articles. These and many more aspects have been studied and based on seven different identified parameters, variations were observed in the ascribed and achieved ranking of the university libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on covering a wide range of e-resource topics including streaming films and online learning during COVID. Topics include creating cross departmental collaborations between the electronic resources librarian, campus copyright officer, and instructional designers before the disruption of COVID-19; and library director proposed using online course fees for funding streaming video acquisition.

The article focuses on training and development in the field of librarianship. Topics include library workers and librarians have the skills to successfully navigate through planning as well as unforeseen changes that benefit the entire library; the necessary training and professional development is the first step on journey to stay abreast of all things library and electronic resource-related and many library conferences have pre conference workshop focused on specific aspects of library work.

This study analyzes over 4500 chat interactions to understand how proactivity and research context affect use of proactive chat. Quantitative and qualitative analyses show patrons ask questions that are both more complex and more likely to relate to a research need when proactively approached in research databases. The availability of proactive chat in databases results in a greater frequency and greater proportion of research related questions. Results suggest that proactive chat in databases represents an important area for expanding library reference services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports the findings of a study to evaluate title-level cost per use (CPU) for most recurring resources at The University of Alabama Libraries. The study relied on cost and usage data from FY2016. The purpose of the project was to identify titles for cancellation and to establish CPU for most titles ordered individually and those within packages for use in future contract negotiations. The analysis began with a list of all recurring titles having a cost of $1,000 or more. The review involved 1,035 titles with an initial objective to highlight all titles with a CPU of $200 or more. Titles exceeding this CPU threshold received additional review, with several identified for cancellation. This article presents the findings and provides an overview of the process used to collect CPU on a large scale. The article outlines some of the challenges faced by libraries when trying to align data that are stored in various silos and the limitations for various platforms and software used when collecting CPU data. The findings from this study formed the basis for a LibGuide developed and used to raise awareness of the need for cancellations. The data also assisted with future contract negotiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This quarter's column offers several reports from the Electronic Resources & Libraries Conference held in Austin, Texas, on March 4–7, as well as coverage of sessions from the American Library Association Annual Conference, which took place in New Orleans, Louisiana, June 21–26. A handful of reports were also collected from the Library Publishing Forum in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on May 21–23; Ex Libris Users in North America (ELUNA) in Spokane, Washington, on May 1–4; Acquisitions Institute at Timberline Lodge in Oregon on May 19–21, and finally the NASIG conference in Atlanta, Georgia, on June 8–11. Topics covered include electronic resource tracking, trials, and troubleshooting; equity and diversity in acquisitions; technical services workflows; systems migrations; and library publishing pedagogy and open access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While electronic resources now constitute a major component of most academic library collections, and the Electronic Resources Librarian (ERL) position has become commonplace, the field of Electronic Resources librarianship is still not entirely standardized. Responsibility for the various tasks associated with electronic resources management (ERM) may fall on a single specialized professional or be divided up among positions in the organization; responsibility for a given task may or may not be shared by multiple personnel. This article presents the results of a survey of academic librarians in the United States who work with electronic resource collections, asking them about the range of tasks for which they are responsible, whether these responsibilities are shared, and how this work may be combined with other areas of responsibility. The results indicate that librarians who work in the field of ERM are responsible for a roughly similar workload whether or not they hold the title of ERL, though certain tasks are more likely to be the responsibility of ERLs. ERM responsibilities in general are frequently shared by multiple personnel within academic libraries. At institutions that spend more on electronic resources, certain specialized responsibilities associated with ERLs are much more frequently shared with paraprofessionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE), New Delhi in India has recommended some online databases to subscribe to technical educational institutions in India. The present study tries to measure cost-effectiveness of downloaded papers from such a database. The study is based on the usage reports and subscription prices of the databases available in an engineering college library. It was found that most of the databases are cost-effective except only one database. Downloads were found not uniform through all the months in a year. Finally, it is concluded that online databases recommended by AICTE is useful to the users in academic institutions of India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study seeks to determine if libraries are displaying the content type, media type, carrier type (336/337/338) fields to the public in their library systems and if they are continuing to use (general material designator) GMDs in their records. It also examines how these new fields are labeled, what types of icons are used, and how specific these icons are. The largest 100 libraries in the United States are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ERM librarians discuss their approaches to electronic resources management for an academic library consortium, the University System of Maryland & Affiliated Institutions (USMAI). They focus on innovation and developing actionable strategies for procedures and policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our library has previously investigated the potential impact the addition of contents notes on circulation. In a subsequent study, we found contents notes were the second metadata element most heavily linked to circulation (title was first). Since there has been a marked decline in the use of print resources at our library and a corresponding increase in digital resources, we wanted to know if the addition of contents notes to records for online streaming audio files would result in a similar increase in usage. After enhancing the records, we tracked usage for a period of three months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study surveyed the challenges faced by the university libraries in South East Nigeria in selecting and acquiring electronic resources. The descriptive survey research method was adopted for the study. The population consisted of 86. Questionnaire and interview were used for data collection. Data collected from the questionnaire were analyzed using simple statistics (mean). The findings revealed that the university libraries under study had considered all the thirteen criteria when selecting electronic resources in the library which had mean values ranging from 2.70 to 3.41 and are all above the cut-off point of 2.50 on a 4-point rating scale. The findings also showed that the university libraries use multiple tools to select the e-resources, and the overall mean showed that the use of trial offers by mounting a link to their resources without cost (mean = 3.12) is ranked highest and used mostly by the libraries, while the use of reviews provided through electronic resources (mean =2 .57) is ranked lowest as tools used in sound electronic resources selection in libraries; that the libraries use different methods to acquire the eresources which include, through subscription, purchase and open internet source. None of the libraries under study was into a consortium with one another. However, the study revealed twelve challenges with cost as a major challenge of selection and acquisition of electronic resources. The study recommended that the university libraries in South East Nigeria should improve on the libraries budget in order to attain to the cost of electronic resources and for the training of staff that will handle the electronic collection development. That the libraries should take a drastic initiative of acquiring electronic resources through a consortium in order to enjoy the discount associated with consortium subscription. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolvement of a long career of an electronic resources management (ERM) librarian at the University of Maryland University College (UMUC) is described in this column. The need to streamline and organize ERM was necessary, since there was a small staff to manage ERM at UMUC, which is a large nontraditional, online university. The librarian used various tools over time, to manage effective innovation and change for ERM with her colleagues at UMUC and the University System of Maryland and Affiliated Institutions (USMAI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]