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Despite perceived postracial ideologies of American sport, players, coaches, fans, and media have been complicit in reaffirming racial hierarchies through racist microaggressions and remarks. Such racist violations are commonly exposed in the current moment of widespread social media engagement and social justice activism. Subsequently, many violators issue apologies—often employing the conjunction "if"—which hinges the apology on the condition of the targeted group taking offense. We call these conditional apologies nonapology apologies and argue that they fall within a racializing apologia framework, devaluing and questioning the place of those offended in American society and sport, and reinforcing White supremacy. In this paper, we examine apology statements by sports figures and explore the implications of nonapology apologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across the world, an increasing number of states or state representatives have offered apologies for human rights violations, particularly since the 1990s. There is debate, however, on how valuable such gestures are and what impact they have. To address this, we examined what the perspectives of victim community members and the general public are in this regard, in different parts of the world. We focused on the apologies for the El Mozote massacre in El Salvador, the Jeju 4.3 events in the Republic of Korea, and Bloody Sunday in the United Kingdom, whereby we conducted 127 in-depth interviews with members of victim communities and the general public in these countries. Using thematic analysis, we found across these three countries that participants from the victim group and the general public saw the apology as a meaningful event because it acknowledges the suffering of the victims and breaks the silence about past atrocities. This suggests that apologies may answer to a broadly shared need for recognition. Nevertheless, the apologies were also regarded as limited in terms of their overall role in reconciliation processes and the further changes that they generate. The article concludes by discussing this ambivalence, present in both the apology literature as among our participants' responses across the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-01077-z.Publisher Correction to: Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top.https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-01077-zDue to typesetting mistake, Figs. 3, 4 and 5 were incorrectly published as:GraphGraphGraphNow the figures have been corrected and they are:GraphGraphGraphThe Publisher apologizes for the mistake. The original article has been corrected.By Florian U. Bernlochner; Markus T. Prim and K. Keri VosReported by Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

The document "Thank you to our 2024 reviewers" from the journal Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics expresses gratitude to the reviewers who contributed to Volume 44. The reviewers are acknowledged for their selfless dedication and high-quality work, which is essential for maintaining peer-reviewed journals. Exceptional reviewers were also recognized for their outstanding contributions. The list of reviewers for Volume 44 is provided, showcasing the diverse range of individuals who participated in the review process. [Extracted from the article]

Literature on expressed gratitude and apologies has predominantly focused on their effects within the realm of interpersonal relationships. However, it is crucial to extend the examination of these communication styles to work settings, where interpersonal dynamics significantly impact productivity. To address this, two experiments were conducted to compare the impacts of expressed gratitude and apologies among Japanese university students and company employees. The initial experiment, involving university students (n = 139), revealed that expressed gratitude heightened responsiveness and predicted outcome values in comparison to messages lacking either gratitude or apologies. The subsequent experiment, encompassing company employees (n = 499), unveiled that the effects of messages varied based on the relative statuses of the message sender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reviewing related literature shows deviation from Searle's felicity conditions has not been given attention. The present paper aims to investigate pragmatic deviation from Searle's (1969) felicity conditions of illocutionary speech acts in the previous president of the US, Donald Trump's political language. A qualitative method is used to gather and examine the data. The instrument consists of three oral documents which are chosen purposefully: (1) Trump's discourse to a group of his supporters in Illinois state, (2) Trump's meeting with Broadcasters MacCallum and Baier on Fox News Channel, and (3) Trump's interview with Broadcaster Cooper on CNN Channel. The paper uses a discourse analysis method to study these documents. Findings reveal that Searle's conditions (propositional content, preparatory, sincerity, essential) are deviated from in Trump's political speeches: (1) Representative acts by making false claims without providing any evidence, (2) commissive acts by committing himself to do a future action, but Trump fails to fulfill it, (3) directive acts by ordering Joe Biden's administration to prevent immigrants from entering the US, but Trump's order cannot be done, (4) expressive acts by jokingly apologizing to his wife because he does not do anything wrong that pushes him to make an apology to her and thus has no real intention to do this act, and (5) declarative acts by declaring they are going to end Pelosi's career politically, but she is not done. It is also found that deviation from these conditions happens as a means of persuading, influencing, threatening, mocking, and attacking others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a correction notice for an article titled "Uncertainty reduction of sodium void reactivity using data from a sodium shielding experiment" by Shuhei Maruyama, Tomohiro Endo, and Akio Yamamoto in the Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. The correction addresses errors in the publication, specifically related to the reduction effect of relative uncertainty on JOYO MK-I SVR measurement. The correction did not impact the original conclusions of the article, and adjustments were made to sensitivity coefficients and cross-section adjustments. Additional corrections were made to various figures and tables in the article. [Extracted from the article]

The Humanities Institute of Universidad Panamericana, Guadalajara (Mexico), has carefully crafted its own reading canon by incorporating in to its course design a learning outcomes framework that mirrors its Christian institutional mission. The paper presents an overview of this framework and of its implementation within the University's Gen Ed reading canon selection. It uses an excerpt of Bartolomé de las Casas' Apology as a case example of the practice. This text is used within a course of introductory Ethics delivered to 30 different student groups per year. The criteria used in its selection and suggested practices are detailed. Overall, the text shows the value of a learning outcomes approach to text selection in a core-text-based course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The present research investigated whether a normative outgroup apology enhances conciliatory attitudes (i.e., willingness for intergroup contact and feelings of peace) and intergroup negotiations while reducing competitive victimhood. In three experiments (N = 855) conducted in the post‐conflict context of Kosovo, we manipulated the normative apology by informing participants that the majority of outgroup members (i.e., Serbs) apologized for the Kosovo war. We compared this normative apology condition with an institutional apology, in which a Serbian representative apologized for the Kosovo war on behalf of the Serbian government (in all experiments), and a control (i.e., baseline) condition in which no apology‐related information was presented (Experiments 1 and 2). Overall, the results showed that participants in the normative apology condition reported greater willingness for contact with outgroup members, increased feelings of peace, greater support for intergroup negotiations, and reduced competitive victimhood compared to participants in other conditions. In addition, Experiment 3 revealed that outgroup humanization mediated the effect of normative apology on conciliatory attitudes, intergroup negotiations and competitive victimhood. In sum, these findings showed that normative apologies play a critical role in improving intergroup relations and reducing conflict‐related tensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this paper is a suite of Latin papers from 1685, some of which are still unpublished, in which Leibniz writes in the guise of a Catholic in order to defend Catholicism and counter Protestant objections, and this despite him being a lifelong Lutheran. After providing an overview of these writings (which I refer to as Leibniz's "Catholic" writings) and the grounds for dating them to May–June 1685, I consider their purpose, arguing against the claim that they were intended to support Church reunion and suggesting instead that they were apologetic in nature, intended as a reactivation or reimagining of Leibniz's earlier "Catholic Demonstrations" project. I identify the patron Leibniz had in mind for these writings as Landgrave Ernst von Hessen-Rheinfels and support this by a detailed comparison of the "Catholic" writings with the Leibniz-Landgrave correspondence and the Landgrave's still-unpublished essays. This reveals that the Protestant arguments Leibniz uses in the "Catholic" writings are the very ones that he himself used when writing to the Landgrave, and that the responses Leibniz gives to these arguments are the very ones that the Landgrave used. I also consider the context of the writings, suggesting they were crafted during a period of personal uncertainty for Leibniz and possibly aimed at securing a position under the Landgrave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document, titled "Referees for Philosophy of Science," acknowledges and expresses gratitude to the referees who have contributed to the journal. It lists the names of individuals who have reviewed papers for the journal since the April 2023 issue. The document emphasizes the importance of their service and apologizes for any inadvertent omissions. The list includes a diverse range of names from various cultural backgrounds, reflecting the inclusive nature of the journal. [Extracted from the article]

Research has indicated the critical role of responsiveness in facilitating close relationships, but what communication leads to enhanced responsiveness has not been fully explored. We hypothesized that gratitude and apologies facilitate responsiveness within friendship relationships in Japan. In Experiment 1 (n = 669), receiving gratitude, apologies, or both gratitude and apologies increased recipients' perceptions of the expresser's responsiveness more than receiving a message without either gratitude or apologies. In Experiment 2 (n = 139), the participants who received gratitude as well as receiving both gratitude and apologies (but not just apologies) wrote more responsive messages back to the expresser than those who received a message without either gratitude or apologies. Gratitude and apologies played unique roles in promoting responsiveness within friendship relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While apology has only a secondary role in restorative justice (RJ), an apology is prevalent in the RJ process. This is promising, but problematic is that there seems to be a gap in the perceived sincerity of apology between victims and offenders. Since less is known about why this gap exists, this paper extends our knowledge about under what conditions a sincere apology is possible in RJ. More specifically, this paper seeks to identify the key components of a sincere apology that are pertinent to RJ as well as the promoting and inhibiting factors for a sincere apology in RJ. This paper provides future research implications about the relationship between RJ and sincere apology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to explore the most and least used strategies of apology responses, as well as the differences between native and non-native speakers of English in formulating such responses. Additionally, we investigated the role of gender in the formulation of apology responses. The participants were 100 native and non-native speakers of English at an American university, who had to respond to two volunteers' apologies for blocking their path. The results regarding both genders indicate that the acceptance strategy was used the most frequently, while the evasion strategy was least used. Moreover, native speakers used more words than their non-native speaker counterparts. Furthermore, the syntactic structures of non-native speakers' apology responses were less sophisticated than those of native speakers. In terms of gender differences, men utilized the acceptance strategy more frequently than did women, whereas women showed a higher tendency to use the rejection strategy. Finally, the average number of words used by women in apology responses aimed at non-native and native speakers differed significantly, whereas this was not significant in the case of men. Based on our results, teachers and students should pay more attention to pragmatic competency learning in addition to conventional learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines leave-takings and farewells as linguistic routines in Akan. It emerged from my previous works on ethnopragmatics of Akan linguistic routines, namely apology, requests, greetings, thanking, advice, compliments, etc. This paper adopted Weigand's (2010) Mixed Game Model, which deals with dialogic action games. It employs qualitative approaches including interviews, observation, and the recording of natural ethnographic events in the Akan society. These include closings and farewells at funerals, durbars, visits, travelling, arbitrations, folksongs, etc. The paper discusses the ethnosemantics of the leave-takings and farewell expressions. The findings of this paper will contribute to the use of dialogic action games in discussing other linguistic routines. This study will help further research in leave-taking and farewell in other Ghanaian languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How might historians of education bring joy to their work and make our scholarship of use to the world? This article suggests returning to Welland Hendrick’s 1909 A Joysome History of Education. This minor but well-circulated text uses humour and irony to poke fun at some of the more obtuse, sacrosanct, and self-righteous aspects of education as seen from the turn-of-the-twentieth-century vantage point of a mid-level and little-known American educator. With apologies to Jonathan Swift, this article advances the modest proposal of taking lessons from Hendrick’s project and considering how satire could be a productive form of critical fabulation for historians of education today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to other medical experts, public health officials face added scrutiny of their pro-vaccine messages due to distrust of the US federal government. We consider reactions to such critical messages through the lens of conversational norms. Conversational pragmatics suggest that polite communication is essentially cooperative in nature, avoiding criticism of the other or excessive praise of the self. Applied to intergroup communication, this suggests that critical messages from outgroups will be viewed as impolite. Distrusted outgroup sources (such as government officials) are particularly expected to be uncooperative and impolite, increasing message rejection. Importantly, this perspective suggests that apologizing for the norm violation should mitigate these effects. Applying this reasoning to scientific messaging, we demonstrate that a message critical of the under-vaccinated is more likely to be rejected if made by a US federal public health official than by a private medical expert. However, this effect is reduced if the public health official apologizes in advance for violating the norm against criticizing other groups. Improved perceptions of the apologizing source’s motives and reduced message threat were associated with higher vaccination intentions. Practical and theoretical implications for intergroup communication are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Induction of autophagy and suppression of type I IFN secretion by CSFV." The authors of the article have acknowledged that there was a naming error in the original publication, where results from repeated experiments with the same cell line were used in composite images. To address this, the authors have replaced the problematic images with new ones and re-published the article online. The correction does not affect the description, interpretation, or original conclusions of the article. [Extracted from the article]

This experiment examines how a police interviewer’s judgment error and apology affect a sexual violence victim’s secondary victimization, trust in the interviewer, rapport, and willingness to provide information. Ninety students from Peru were asked to imagine being sexual violence victims and were interviewed online by a mock police interviewer. Participants were randomized into three conditions: judgment error without apology, judgment error with apology, and a no-error control. The judgment error involved suggesting the victim was partly responsible for their victimhood, citing women’s clothing choices and questioning men’s masculinity. Our findings show judgment errors reduced trust, rapport, and willingness to provide information while increasing secondary victimization; apologizing improved trust and rapport but did not affect secondary victimization or willingness to provide information. These outcomes indicate that judgment errors in sexual violence victim interviews can negatively impact the interviewing process and outcomes and highlight the importance of an apology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Small words, big impact? - The apology from the perspective of criminal law" in the journal for the entire criminal law science discusses the criminal significance of apologies. It is pointed out that apologies are considered as a social process and as an expression of regret and remorse. The article examines the different types, contents, and dimensions of the effects of apologies as well as their relevance in criminal and criminal procedural law. Problem areas such as the motivation behind apologies and the consideration of the victim's acceptance of the apology are also discussed. It is suggested to regulate apologies as a legal institution in criminal law in order to create clear guidelines for dealing with apologies. [Extracted from the article]

This study investigates the speech act of refusals in the context of English as a lingua franca (ELF), with a focus on the strategies, internal modifications, and preference organization of refusals. Fifteen Chinese speakers of English and 15 Indonesian English speakers engaged in dyadic role-plays involving requests and refusals. Results show that when rejecting requests proposed by the Indonesian participants, Chinese English speakers heavily used indirect refusal strategies, such as explanations, alternatives, and apologies. These refusals often included internal modifications, particularly linguistic downgraders, to mitigate the force of their refusals. Sequentially, Chinese English speakers commonly organized their refusals as dispreferred, deferring the refusals via a cluster of interactional devices, including inter-turn gaps, turn-initial delays, anticipatory accounts, and pro forma agreements. The findings suggest that ELF refusals and ELF interactions are not necessarily direct with minimal mitigation as claimed in previous research (e.g., House, 2008; Murray, 2012), and ELF speakers, at least for Chinese English speakers, do linguistically and interactionally engage with interpersonal work despite the generally preferred communicative style of transparency and directness in ELF interactions. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications on ELF pragmatics instruction are also discussed. • Refusals by Chinese English speakers in ELF interactions are usually indirect with internal modifications. • Refusals by Chinese English speakers in ELF interactions are structured as dispreferred with deferred refusal head acts. • ELF refusals and ELF interactions are not necessarily direct and less mitigated. • ELF speakers do engage in interpersonal management work via linguistic and interactional meanings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leadership behavior is essential for retaining employees. Using positive actions, leaders engage and motivate followers to allow little or no provision for turnover intentions. Even in case of adverse conduct, supervisors may correct their wrongful behavior by apologizing for their misdeeds, which helps to retain followers. Utilizing self-consistency theory, we explore how organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) is a pivotal mechanism that explains the relationship between employees' perception of supervisor remorse and their turnover intentions, alongside the moderating role of affective commitment. Our analysis of three-wave data collected from employees from Pakistani organizations revealed that perceptions of supervisor remorse decrease turnover intention through strengthening OBSE. Employees' psychological bonding accentuates the mediating role of OBSE with their organization. In general, our research demonstrates a crucial mechanism, employees' self-confidence about their organizational position, through which the effect of perceived supervisor remorse on turnover intention is explained. Also, the findings show how employees' affective commitment acts as a boundary condition invigorating this indirect effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines how the interplay of consumer-brand relationship norm type (communal vs. exchange norm) and apology type (emotional vs. informational apology) impact consumers' responses in a brand crisis. Findings suggest that an informational apology was more effective in an exchange norm consumer-brand relationship than an emotional apology. On the other hand, in a communal consumer-brand relationship, an emotional apology was more effective than an informational apology. Further, findings revealed the significant mediating role of forgiveness in understanding the way consumers respond to brand's recovery effort (apology) in a brand crisis. With regards to the role of consumer-brand relationship in a brand crisis, these findings offer practical guidelines for practitioners for developing effective brand apology strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Language Academy is the property of Rota Kariyer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

State apologies for human rights violations are often seen as a key mechanism in reconciliation processes. Nevertheless, they are often contested as well and have not been embraced equally by countries around the world. This raises questions about their universal value and potential to address or redress past harmdoing by countries. In a study across 33 countries (n = 11,023), we found that people around the world consider apologies by states for human rights violations to be reasonably important but tend to be less supportive of the idea that their own country should apologize for past harmdoing. We found that this discrepancy was amplified in countries with stronger honour norms and a stronger collective sense of victim– rather than perpetratorhood. Moving beyond the decontextualized approach that has prevailed in previous psychological research on this topic, our findings show that people's attitudes towards apologies by their country do not exist in a cultural and social vacuum but depend on the extent to which the broader context affords a critical reflection on past harmdoing. As such, they help explain why some countries have been reluctant to offer apologies, and why such gestures may also be more controversial in some contexts than in others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

David Hume alluded to the politics of slaveholding throughout his career and was among the first to observe that the republican tradition has an awkward relationship with slavery. This article places Hume's critique of Roman slavery in conversation with recent debates over "neo-Roman" liberty, paying special attention to Hume's complaint that some republican advocates for political liberty have also apologized for personal slavery. Most of Hume's direct comments on slaveholding appear in the 1752 essay, "Of the Populousness of Ancient Nations," where Hume criticized Roman slavery for its negative effects on population growth. But more was at stake than ancient demography. Even abolitionists who abhorred Hume's racism still drew upon his argument against ancient slavery—which they read as a commentary on the modern colonies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Service Industries Journal is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study investigates the strategies of apology used by 30 native speakers of Kabyle (15 males and 15 females) living in Bejaia city, Algeria. The data were collected through the use of a written discourse completion task (WDCT) consisting of nine hypothetical scenarios. The results of the study showed that Kabyles used different types of strategies. Illocutionary force indicating devices (IFIDs) were the most frequently used strategy. Concern for the hearer, however, was the least frequently used strategy. Moreover, new strategies appeared in the Kabyle data. Examples of these include asking the hearer not to be angry, requests for patience, religious wishes and minimizing the degree of the offense. These semantic formulas are culture-specific. Furthermore, the findings of the study indicated that there were differences in the total number of strategies employed according to the social status of the interlocutor and in the choice of some apology strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While political apologies cannot undo what has been done, they are often perceived as highly relevant for healing and reconciliation. However, these apologies are often mired in controversy and highly political. While research on political apologies has focused on the role of intergroup relations, limited research has explored the intragroup dynamics involved. The present article explores how the paradoxical features of a political apology to ingroup members have their source in partisanship. The analysis used methods derived from discursive psychology. Using data from six parliamentary statements that were given in response to the political apology offered to Irish mother and baby home survivors, we demonstrated how these speakers constructed and understood the apology and how these constructions relate to their own political positions. Specifically, the apology to mothers and babies is used for political purpose, allowing majority members of government to position the wrongdoings experienced by mothers and babies in the past and to encourage the national collective to move on. Others seeking progressive social change—a parliamentary minority—use the apology to shape a political narrative that demands national collective action. Our work highlights the important role that identity‐based power relations play in confronting historical injustice, and how this may result in a dual schism with people within a nation becoming divided over both the apology and the appropriate response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study employs Python crawlers and data analysis to conduct text mining and visualization on the apologies in English textbook. Through methods such as word distribution, frequencies, and interpretations, the results indicate that the distribution is uneven. The linguistic forms of apologetic expressions are basically "sorry, excuse me, oh, and oops" with pure "an expression of an apology". The apologetic contexts are inclined to be homogeneous and simple within the settings of selling-buying and inviting. The contextualization, distribution and interpretation are interrelated. Furthermore, the contexts are not authentic enough to facilitate the more complicated expressions of apologies. This study has implications for research on pragmatic knowledge in primary school textbook analysis, adaptation, and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the authors when they discovered and reported to the editors that articles containing population samples drawn from similar cohorts of healthy participants without psychosis were erroneously included in the psychosis subgroup of the meta-analysis. This error in the systematic review processes ultimately affects the findings in the meta-analysis. The authors deeply apologize for this error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both in everyday life and in moral philosophy, many think that our own past wrongdoing can undermine our standing to indignantly blame others for similar wrongdoing. In recent literature on the ethics of blame, we find two different kinds of explanation for this. Relative moral status accounts hold that to have standing to blame, you must be better than the person you are blaming, in terms of compliance with the norm. Fault-based accounts hold that those who blame others for things of which they are also guilty exhibit familiar moral faults, such as making an exception of oneself, and that these faults explain why they lack standing. I argue in support of relative moral status accounts, showing that they both better trace our practice of dismissing blame on the basis of lack of standing, and that they have more explanatory resources than have been appreciated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature on reparative justice focuses for the most part on the grounds and limits of wrongdoers' duties to their victims. An interesting but relatively neglected question is that of what – if anything – victims owe to wrongdoers. In this paper, I argue that victims are under a duty to accept wrongdoers' apologies. I claim that to accept an apology is to form the belief that the wrongdoer's apologetic utterance or gesture has the requisite verdictive, commissive and expressive dimensions; to communicate as much to him; and to recognise that his apology changes one's normative status in relation to him, and to comport oneself accordingly. I then offer a Kantian argument for the duty to accept and qualify that argument in the light of some hard cases. I end the paper by addressing the objection that victims do not owe it to wrongdoers to engage in any form of reparative encounter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public and academic debate suggest a perception that institutions such as the police may be reluctant to apologise or ineffective when they do. This article takes the unusual step of considering the apology culture of the institution potentially offering apology as a crucial step in identifying possible barriers to change in institutional practice. I have analysed explicit apology language in letters written by Scottish police to individuals as a final stage in responding to their complaints about the police. Rather than police reluctance to apologise, I found the police potentially overusing apology language, in the sense that explicit apology language was consistently used where evidence both had and had not been found that the police were at fault. The grammatical construction of the explicit apology language differed between these two contexts. I conclude that police politeness culture includes an empirical norm to use explicit apology language in response to public complaints regardless of the outcome of that complaint, as part of their identity as a public service institution. Tension between this empirical norm and another aspect of police identity, as a law enforcement institution, is managed by a systematic grammatical distinction in apology language patterning with the complaint outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined compliance resistance to highlight the active role of persuasion targets in interpersonal influence interactions. The data gathered from 242 respondents through an online questionnaire were used to identify the types of rejected requests and the strategies used to refuse compliance. Findings from a qualitative content analysis revealed four categories that formed a request typology: requests (1) for company or presence, (2) for action (benefitting the agent, benefitting other people), (3) for material support, and (4) for relational commitment. The messages utilized to communicate compliance resistance were grouped into two: refusals (1) with another verbal message and (2) with no other remark. The verbal expressions of refusal belonging to the first category were each accompanied by a simple explanation, a message of apology and/or gratitude, an offer of future commitment, or a proposal of alternative. The various kinds of denied requests and the different techniques persuasion targets use to convey noncompliance demonstrate that refusal to comply is not merely a passive reaction to a compliance-gaining effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In humanities departments across the country Allan Bloom is condemned and reviled—but for what misconduct? The present investigation into our distorted view of Bloom begins by reframing his transgressions. Bloom has offended eminent philosophy professors by boosting students' desire for a philosophic education. He has emboldened promising young people by teaching them to bear up under the deforming forces of convention and corruption and edge their way towards the question, 'How should I live my life?' A philosophic education as Bloom sees it 'means precisely helping students to pose this question to themselves, to become aware that the answer is neither obvious nor simply unavailable, and that there is no serious life in which this question is not a continuous concern'. The philosopher's interests are not shared by most people. Hostility to philosophy is the natural condition of man. This surprising fact, plainly stated, invites so much anger that Bloom—standing in for the philosopher—is forced to defend himself. The story of Bloom, like Socrates', gives an account of philosophy's emergence, distinctive features and always imaginable suppression. Plato's artful writing captured Socrates' way of life for posterity. This essay explores the nature and function of Bloom's bestselling book The Closing of the American Mind (1987), as well as the purpose of Saul Bellow's final novel, Ravelstein (2000), a fictive account of Bloom's life and death. Together these books amount to the true Apology of Allan Bloom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined how expressed gratitude and apologies functioned as politeness strategies among 499 Japanese workers. In this online experimental research with 4 message conditions (control, gratitude, apologies, both) and 2 status conditions (lower/same), participants read a message from a hypothetical coworker and reported perceptions of face threats in the message, the coworker's warmth, and their willingness to engage in prosocial behavior. Results indicated that expressed gratitude and apologies reduced face threats compared to no expressions. Further, path analysis showed that expressed gratitude indirectly affected perceptions of warmth through reduced face threats. Additionally, status differences influenced participants' prosocial behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the concept of shared moral understanding and its significance in our interactions with others. The author argues that in order to justify our actions to others and apologize for wrongdoing, we need to have a shared moral understanding. Shared moral understanding is defined as a joint commitment to a particular way of understanding moral reasons, which allows us to have a common perspective on moral considerations. The article discusses different models of interpersonal justification and argues for the Shared Understanding Model, which emphasizes the importance of the person being justified understanding and endorsing the reasons for the action. The text also highlights the duty to apologize when a directed duty is violated, and emphasizes the importance of understanding the perspective of the person who was wronged in order to provide a meaningful apology. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of shared moral understanding in interpersonal relationships and argues that relating well to others involves not only acting on shared reasons, but also striving to achieve shared moral understanding by understanding reasons together. [Extracted from the article]

Whilst there has recently been an upsurge in studies into self-praise on social media, and despite the fact that there exists a vast amount of literature available on speech acts such as requests, apologies and compliments, praise in traditional spoken and written English has largely escaped scholarly attention. However, it seems to form a substantial part of everyday behaviour in various linguacultures, and the Ugandan ones appear to belong to these. This paper aims at describing how praise is performed in Ugandan English. Using data collected for the Uganda component of the International Corpus of English , it examines how praise is performed linguistically, in which genres praise can be found, and which functions it seems to perform in comparison to what is the case in British English data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a correction notice for an article titled "Near-infrared molecular sensor for visualizing and tracking ONOO- during the process of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver damage" published in Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry. The correction addresses an error in Fig. 3A due to personal negligence, providing a new corrected version of the figure. The authors assure that this correction does not affect the discussion and conclusions of the original paper, and apologize for any inconvenience caused. The correction was reported by multiple authors. [Extracted from the article]

The Correction Notice in the Journal of Clinical Immunology addresses errors in the main Table 1 of a study on genetic evaluation of patients with inborn errors of immunity in Turkey. The corrections involve variant nomenclature and transcript IDs, but do not impact the findings or conclusions of the research. The authors have rectified the errors, and the original version has been updated. [Extracted from the article]

The correction notice in the journal "Molecular Systems Biology" addresses errors in the manuscript "From coarse to fine: the absolute Escherichia coli proteome under diverse growth conditions." The authors, Ruedi Aebersold, Terence Hwa, and Christina Ludwig, identified mistakes in figure panels and datasets, leading to corrections in the protein molecular weights and mass fractions. The errors were due to a bioinformatic mistake, but they do not impact the original paper's conclusions. The authors have agreed to the corrections and apologize for the oversight. [Extracted from the article]

This correction notice addresses inaccuracies in images in the article "Functional analysis of the heterotrimeric NF-Y transcription factor complex in cassava disease resistance." The errors were due to oversight and visual fatigue during the image combining process. The authors have corrected the figures without compromising the study's scientific integrity. The correction notice aims to rectify the mistakes and ensure the accuracy of the research findings. [Extracted from the article]

The document is a corrigendum for a research article titled "Chiral Ligand-Concentration Mediating Asymmetric Transformations of Silver Nanoclusters: NIR-II Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence Lighting." It corrects errors in the presentation of CD curves, anisotropy factors, and concentrations of silver nanoclusters. The revised figures and spectra in the Supporting Information address mislabeling and incorrect structural formulas. The authors assure that the conclusions of the original research article remain unaffected by these errors. [Extracted from the article]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "The importance of claudin-7 palmitoylation on membrane subdomain localization and metastasis-promoting activities" published in the journal Cell Communication & Signaling. The authors have identified errors in Figures 2b/9c and 4a of the original article. They apologize for the errors and clarify that these mistakes do not affect the scientific conclusions of the article. The corrected versions of the figures are provided in the correction notice. The publisher, Springer Nature, remains neutral and unbiased in relation to jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. [Extracted from the article]

The correction notice for the article "Suppression of IRF9 Promotes Osteoclast Differentiation by Decreased Ferroptosis via STAT3 Activation" addresses an error in the micro-CT image of the distal femur of the OVX group. The authors provide the correct images on the next page, clarifying that the mistake does not impact the conclusion's accuracy. The correction is attributed to Chao Lan, Xuan Zhou, Ximei Shen, Youfen Lin, Xiaoyuan Chen, Jiebin Lin, Yongze Zhang, Lifeng Zheng, and Sunjie Yan. [Extracted from the article]

TO OUR READERS: An error appeared in the ahead-of-print version of the following article:Arenas, D., Vidal-Conti, J., & Muntaner-Mas, A. (2024). Gender differences in students' moderate to vigorous physical activity levels during primary school physical education lessons: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2024-0027The data in the Results section of the Abstract were incomplete. The information was added, and the article was corrected June 28, 2024. The authors apologize for the error. [Extracted from the article]