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Background: Although the prescription of physical activity in clinical care has been advocated worldwide, in the Netherlands, "Exercise is Medicine" (E = M) is not yet routinely implemented in clinical care. Methods: A set of implementation strategies was pilot implemented to test its feasibility for use in routine care by clinicians in 2 departments of a university medical center. An extensive learning process evaluation was performed, using structured mixed methods methodology, in accordance with the Reach, Effect, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. Results: From 5 implementation strategies employed (education, E = M tool embedded in the electronic medical records, lifestyle coach situated within the department, overviews of referral options, and project support), the presence of adequate project support was a strong facilitator of the implementation of E = M. Also, the presence of the lifestyle coach within the department seemed essential for referral rate. Although clinicians appreciated the E = M tool, barriers hampered its use in practice. Conclusions: Specific implementation strategies, tailored to the setting, are effective in facilitating the implementation of E = M with specific regard to education for clinicians on E = M, deployment of a lifestyle coach within a department, and project coordination. Care providers do see a future for lifestyle coaches who are structurally embedded in the hospital, to whom they can easily refer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Upon the departure of a library administrator, such as dean or director, a librarian may be asked to serve in a leadership position on a limited term or open-ended, interim basis. In such a position, an interim leader can feel isolated, overwhelmed, and unprepared to navigate the challenges of the role. With this in mind, this column focuses specifically on the needs and experiences of librarians serving in interim leadership positions. Topics addressed include roles and expectations, planning and transparency, relationships and support, and imposter syndrome. The column concludes with a summary of advice for interim library leaders and the rewards that may result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In October 2019, the Ensor Learning Resource Center at Georgetown College lost one staff position. While this reduction in force was not a major surprise, what happened over the next three budget years was. With each new year, the library lost positions as part of budget cuts at the institution. To manage these cuts, the library and its staff underwent a major realignment of duties and services to continue to meet patron needs. The article below offers some context and advice for those who may find themselves in similar situations. Recent history in library staffing has seen a reduction in the numbers of qualified librarians and paraprofessionals. According to the IPEDS data, academic libraries have seen an approximately 14% drop in the number of staff and librarians in their ranks. Given this reality, it is incumbent on library leaders to adjust to these new realities, rewriting job descriptions, dropping job duties—including those that are vitally important—and working to ensure building operations continue. This retrenchment in library staffing leads to impacts—both negative and positive—that have far-reaching effects beyond the library walls. As library director at Georgetown College, a small liberal arts campus of approximately 1200 students and a faculty of 75, I faced the situation described above four times in four straight budget years as a staff of seven dwindled to a staff of three. While one staff position was added in October 2022, for three months, a 65,000 square foot building that had to deliver services and spaces for over twelve hundred students ran with a skeleton crew. In this article I offer background to this situation, how it was addressed, and some (hopefully) helpful tips to those in a similar situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How do advertising trade press and association resources advise practitioners on considering disabilities in advertising work? What does the industry think are effective practices for taking disabilities into account fairly and respectfully? This article answers these questions by closely reading prominent industry articles and multimedia materials focused on recommendations regarding how to take disabilities into account in advertising work. Using critical disability scholars' critiques of the advertising industry's considerations of disability as a guide, critical discourse analysis was applied to trade articles and multimedia materials published between 2018 and early 2023 by the Association of National Advertisers (ANA), Adweek, and Ad Age, all leading advertising industry trade publishers among U.S. advertising practitioners. These analyses present some emergent themes about what the industry tells itself are the effective practices to represent disabilities and reach and include people with disabilities. Careful attention is paid to the similarities and gaps between industry recommendations and scholarly and activist guidelines to see where the industry sees itself in its journey of disability diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of shared decision-making on investor overconfidence. Data from 2,000 investors, 6,394 consumers, and 657 experimental participants shed light on whether consumers who engage in joint financial decision-making are less affected by investor overconfidence than those who decide on their own. The findings show that investors who jointly decide are substantially less overconfident. However, family- or friend-inclined interactions are more effective in reducing overconfidence than relying on a financial advisor. The current research theoretically argues and empirically shows that shared metaknowledge drives this diminishing effect by highlighting unknown aspects of a financial decision. Compared to providing investors with solutions, problem reformulation, validation, or legitimation, only metaknowledge consistently decreases overconfidence in joint financial decision-making. It is argued that the process of highlighting unknowns can explain why interactions with family and friends have a more pronounced impact on investor overconfidence than consulting a professional advisor. The study provides a feasible debiasing tool to consumers, financial institutions, and other financial service providers to decrease overconfidence by emphasizing unknown aspects of an investment toward improving the quality of a consumer's financial decisions under uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pelvic floor muscle exercise has gained recognition as a valuable adjunct for promoting maternal well-being and optimizing childbirth outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle exercise in enhancing the likelihood of improving quality of life pregnant mothers in Bangladesh. Methods/Design: This was a randomized controlled trial in which 66 pregnant womenwere divided into control and intervention groups. The control group received conventional treatment, while the intervention group received the Pelvic Floor Muscles Exercise program with a posture explaining booklet. Both groups received supervised 30-min sessions five days a week for six weeks. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire measured pregnancy health and quality of life. Both descriptive (median and inter quartile range, IQR) and inferential statistics (Mann–whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed- ranked test) used to analyse the data by SPSS 25.0 software with 95% Confidence interval. Results: The intervention group mothers averaged gestional age was 32.4 (31.7 to 35.2) weeks, while the control group averaged 32.7 (32.3 to 36.2) weeks. According to the intergroup analysis, both groups had significantly improved health-related quality of life (p < 0.05). According to the intragroup analysis, participants who received pelvic floor muscle exercise with postural advice had better outcomes than did those who received only usual care with postural advice (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle exercise may improve quality of life and the risk of vaginal birth. Healthcare professionals should include pelvic floor muscle exercises in standard prenatal care to help expectant mothers achieve positive childbirth and reduce postnatal problems. Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry of India: (CTRI/2023/10/059091) (Date: 25/10/2023). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Berliner Journal für Soziologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research is to explore empirically the mediation effect of firm innovation on the relationship between external knowledge and firm performance. Using cross-sectional data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey in ten sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, a range of analysis was conducted to test for the mediation effect. We used Baron and Kenny's (1986) triple test for mediation to understand the nature of mediation and the product of the coefficient approach to compute three different mediation tests (the Sobel test and the Aroian and Goodman tests) including the bootstrapping confidence interval. The result confirms innovation mediates the relationship between external advice and firm performance. The study contributes to the limited literature on the mechanism through which external knowledge could positively influence firm performance, especially in a developing country context (Africa) where existing literature has focused more on how external knowledge influences firm innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deploys servicisation as a case study to discuss economists' methods and the confirmation bias issue. Data show the average pattern of structural transformation in developing countries has since the early 1990s been servicisation, and the faster the growth, the greater the servicisation. Data also show that servicisation has been an extremely under-researched topic compared with industrialisation. This is an example of confirmation bias—weak links between theory and facts—that erodes the plausibility of policy advice. The paper analyses methods and their policing, and points to issues to address to reduce risks of confirmation bias by strengthening 'the power of facts'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weight faltering (WF) has been associated with stunting and with long-term adverse consequences for health and development. Nutritional care for managing WF may consist of giving nutritional advice (NA) and/or provision of oral nutrition supplements (ONSs). In this study, we aimed to evaluate practical management options in the community for infants with WF aged 6–12 months. This nonrandomized clinical trial was conducted in the community of Makassar, South Sulawesi, from March 2022 to March 2023. A total of 1013 infants were enrolled for screening. Anthropometric measures were performed in 913 infants, of which 170 showed WF below the 15th percentile of the WHO weight increment table without stunting. Infants with a weight increment below P5th were assigned to receive NA plus ONS, while infants between P5th and below P15th were assigned to receive only NA. At the second and third months, ONSs were administered to WF infants who were below P15th. One month after the intervention, 87/105 infants in the NA-plus-ONS group (82.8%) and 52/65 infants in the NA-only group (80%) were no longer WF. After 3 months, infants in the NA-plus-ONS group achieved greater weight gain than infants in the NA group (264.1 g vs. 137.4 g, p < 0.001) as well as greater length gain (2.35 cm vs. 2.14 cm, p < 0.001). WF management should be started at below P15th to achieve a better result. Infants with greater nutritional deficits should be assigned to receive the combination of NA plus ONSs to achieve a higher rate of resolution of growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Telephone advice lines are a key component of rheumatology services. A national survey of telephone advice line providers was undertaken to explore how this service is currently delivered and the impact on those delivering it to inform providers, policymakers and patients. Methods We conducted an online survey between March and September 2023 collecting data on demographics, how advice lines function, governance and the impact on nurses' well-being. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results A total of 123 health professionals completed the survey. The majority were rheumatology nurses [ n  = 118 (96%)], >45 years of age [ n  = 112 (91%)], band ≥7 [ n  = 92 (76%)], with 77 (65%) reporting >10 years of experience within rheumatology. Most advice lines operated weekdays only [ n  = 93 (79%)], with most calls returned within 2 days [ n  = 81 (66%)], although some callers waited >7 days [ n  = 19 (15%)]. The number of calls received monthly ranged from 100 to >800, with 46 (37%) responders reporting >500 calls/month. The most common reasons for contacting advice lines were disease activity, pain and medication concerns. For most responders, governance arrangements were unclear [ n  = 72 (61%)]. Providing advice lines impacted on the well-being of nurses providing the service: 89 (72%) felt anxious 'sometimes to mostly' and 79 (64%) found it 'mostly–always' stressful. A total of 85 (69%) nurses had not received any training to manage advice lines. Conclusion Although telephone advice lines are provided by experienced rheumatology nurses, high demand is impacting on well-being. Having designated training could equip nurses with additional skills to manage increased capacity and monitor their own well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While think tanks are no longer solely a feature of Anglo-Saxon countries, they still appear less prevalent in consensus-oriented and neo-corporatist political regimes. To what extent do central characteristics of these countries shape the organizational characteristics and political activities of think tanks? We theoretically contribute to the existing literature on policy advice by drawing inspiration from niche theory, and empirically complement previous work by focusing on think tanks in Belgium, a country with a crowded and closed advisory landscape. Relying on a combination of data sources, our analysis highlights three central features of think tanks: (1) the long-term and anticipatory character of their policy advice, (2) the evidence-based nature of their policy work, and (3) their consensus-oriented mode of operating. The first two features echo what earlier studies in pluralist setting identified as key distinguishing characteristics. The third feature, their consensus-oriented mode of operating, represents a new element that turns out critical for understanding the niche of think tanks in Belgium. Its consensus-style tradition shows not only in how think tanks position themselves externally, but also in their internal organizational structure. Points for practitioners: - Think tanks have potential to be key providers of policy advice, also in relatively closed systems with neo-corporatist traits. - In such settings, think tanks especially benefit from a consensual mode of operating, both internally and externally. - The long-term orientation of think tanks can set them apart from other providers of policy advice, such as interest groups and political party think tanks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Discharge "against medical advice" (AMA) in the obstetric population is overall under-studied but disproportionally affects marginalized populations and is associated with worse perinatal outcomes. Reasons for discharges AMA are not well understood. The objective of this study is to identify the obstacles that prevent obstetric patients from accepting recommended care and highlight the structural reasons behind AMA discharges. Methods: Electronic health records of patients admitted to antepartum, peripartum, or postpartum services between 2008 and 2018 who left "AMA" were reviewed. Progress notes from clinicians and social workers were extracted and analyzed. Reasons behind discharge were categorized using qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Fifty-seven (0.12%) obstetric patients were discharged AMA. Reasons for discharge were organized into two overarching themes: extrinsic (50.9%) and intrinsic (40.4%) obstacles to accepting care. Eleven participants (19.3%) had no reason documented for their discharge. Extrinsic obstacles included childcare, familial responsibilities, and other obligations. Intrinsic obstacles included disagreement with provider regarding medical condition or plan, emotional distress, mistrust or discontent with care team, and substance use. Discussion: The term "AMA" casts blame on individual patients and fails to represent the systemic barriers to staying in care. Obstetric patients were found to encounter both extrinsic and intrinsic obstacles that led them to leave AMA. Healthcare providers and institutions can implement strategies that ameliorate structural barriers. Partnering with patients to prevent discharges AMA would improve maternal and infant health and progress towards reproductive justice. Significance: What is Already Known on this Subject?: Obstetric patients who leave "against medical advice (AMA)" have worse perinatal outcomes and often are from marginalized communities. The term, AMA, is also stigmatizing, placing blame on individual decision making rather than systemic barriers to access. Reasons for leaving AMA are not well understood in the obstetric population. What does this Study add?: We reframe the discussion around leaving AMA by describing obstacles in accepting care. Patients experienced both extrinsic and intrinsic obstacles to accepting medical care, from childcare issues to disagreement with treatment plan. Partnering with patients to overcome these obstacles would improve maternal and infant health and increase equity and reproductive justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Science advice has received renewed attention for evidence-informed legislation. However, no work has evaluated current trends in the field. We did a systematic review for publications between 2014 and 2020 to develop a typology using the legislative scientific advice body as a unit of analysis. The typology includes 12 categories that provide insights into the contextual background, mandate, structure, and advice process of legislative advisory bodies. We noticed that most of the work focused on advisory units is in western and high-income countries. The bodies show a wide degree of advice practices and politicisation. There are open opportunities for research, such as doing further comparative analyzes. Lastly, we found that foresight and horizon scanning methodologies were increasingly implemented in legislatures for participatory advice and to set long-term priorities. The findings can shed light on advancing legislative scientific advice for researchers and practitioners alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There's growing proof of the impact of sun rays, in their various wave lengths and strengths, on the human skin. That yields more knowledge and recommendations on the means to protect and preserve that vital organ. Nowadays, such information is available thanks to the various formulae and filters of sunscreen products. Protection from UV rays is particularly important due to the high risk of sunburn, DNA mutation and changes, and skin cancer. This report will explore practical recommendations regarding the use of sunscreen, as well as advice on how we can protect ourselves from the impact of sun rays. The general methods for safeguarding from the sun include finding a shade, when you are outside, applying products to keep safe from the sun, wearing protective clothing, a hat and sunglasses. Sunscreen is just one of many measures that are used to protect the skin from the sun rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Auditing standards require that auditors' reliance on a specialist is commensurate with the specialist's competence. In assessing competence, auditors encounter cues diagnostic of the specialist's social status but less so of competence. In an experiment, we manipulate specialist status and find that auditors mistake status for competence unless they are prompted to separate the constructs. This raises the possibility that auditors could overrely on high-status specialists. However, auditors also assess high-status specialists as more influential, and when the specialist disagrees with the client, they rely more on high-status specialists because of this perceived influence. Thus, high-status specialists can increase auditors' willingness to challenge the client by providing a strong ally. Additional analyses suggest that auditors are aware that they rely on the specialist's influence rather than competence, indicating that auditors do not use the process that auditing standards envision to evaluate and rely on specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is minimal research investigating the influence of advice on decision‐making in older age. The present study investigated the effect of different types of bad advice, relative to no advice, on young and older adults' decision‐making in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Fifty‐four older adults and 59 young adults completed the IGT after receiving no advice, or advice to select from disadvantageous deck A (small, high‐frequency losses), or disadvantageous deck B (larger, low‐frequency losses). Corrugator EMG, memory and fluid intelligence were assessed. Averaged across advice conditions, older adults made more disadvantageous selections than young adults. There were no age‐related differences in responding to bad advice, nor in corrugator activity in response to losses (i.e. frowning), or in learning to avoid deck A faster than deck B. Selecting from deck B was associated with reduced education among older adults, and reduced fluid intelligence among young adults. The data suggest that older adults make more disadvantageous decisions than young adults, and this is not exacerbated by bad advice. Both young and older adults are slower at learning to avoid choices resulting in low frequency relative to high‐frequency losses, and this may be associated with individual differences in cognitive processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, online portfolio selection (OLPS) has received more and more attention from quantitative investment and artificial intelligence communities. This paper first improves a classic OLPS strategy Exponential Gradient (EG) (Helmbold in MF 8:325–347, 1998) by fully exploiting multi-period price information via the L 1 -median estimator, and further designs a novel strategy named Aggregating Improved Exponential Gradient (AIEG) by using Weak Aggregating Algorithm (WAA) to aggregate an infinite number of Improved EG (IEG) expert advice. The universality of the proposed strategy is proved. This paper empirically evaluates the proposed strategy through a wide range of experiments. Promising empirical results verify that the proposed AIEG strategy performs well in terms of different aspects and can resist reasonable transaction costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the rise of financial influencers ('finfluencers') on social media and their impact on shaping financial subjectivities. Employing the dual theoretical frameworks of economy-as-communication and financialization of everyday life, we uncover how finfluencers transform individuals' understanding of and engagement with personal finance through digital storytelling, strategic use of syntax and symbols, participatory engagement and diverse representation. Finfluencers make financial topics more accessible, but in doing so they also accelerate the financialization of everyday life by normalizing finance and investing as mainstream preoccupations. As more individuals turn to social media for financial guidance, understanding the complex dynamics of finfluencer impact is crucial for navigating the evolving landscape of personal finance and financial education in the digital era. The paper emphasizes the need for ongoing research, critical reflection and efforts to promote digital and financial literacy to ensure the benefits of this new form of financial influence are distributed equitably while mitigating potential harms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Patients who discharge themselves against medical advice comprise 1%–2% of hospital admissions. Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) is defined as when a hospitalised patient chooses to leave the hospital before the treating medical team recommends discharge. The act of DAMA impacts on both the patient, the staff and their ongoing care. Specifically, this means that the patient's medical problems maybe inadequately assessed or treated. Patients who decide to DAMA tend to be young males, from a lower socioeconomic background and with a history of mental health or substance misuse disorder. DAMA has an associated increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In this review of studies across Western healthcare settings, specifically adult medical inpatients, we will review the evidence and seek to address the causes, consequences and possible corrective measures in this common scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature strongly emphasises the importance of constructive relationships between parents and their children's caregivers. However, minimal empirical research has investigated relationships between language minority parents and caregivers in childcare. This large-scale study seeks to fill this gap by exploring the quality of the language minority parent‒caregiver relationship with a focus on the child's multilingual upbringing. Therefore, three domains that reflect the quality of parent‒caregiver relationships were assessed: (1) interpersonal connections, (2) home‒childcare continuity, and (3) language and multilingual upbringing advice parents receive from caregivers. The sample consists of 404 language minority parents, recruited from 85 childcare facilities (0–3 years). Results indicate that most parents reported positive relationships with their child's caregiver with respect to interpersonal characteristics (communication and trust). In contrast, parents responded less favorably regarding issues pertaining to their language expectations, including whether multilingual upbringing advice, either solicited or unsolicited, was discussed. While language advice was not frequently given, when it was given, multilingual advice was more prevalent than monolingual advice, and one-parent one-language (OPOL) advice was common. Practical and policy implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Technology Economics is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This practice review reflects on the role of planning innovations when confronted with established institutional settings. The case is that of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, whose government has in recent years sought to modernise the means of spatial planning, in which advice, consultation and citizen participation play a certain role. Two processes are critically examined: the revision of the country's main planning guideline and the pré-figuration of an international building exhibition in a cross-border area. The study concludes that planning innovations will only show their added value if established institutions of public policy and administration modernise themselves accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper investigates the suitability of a vitrimeric epoxy resin for processing in the wet filament winding (WFW) process to manufacture fiber‐reinforced polymers (FRP). Comprehensive material characterization of a commercially available epoxy and vitrimeric resin based on disulfide exchange is carried out, and the processing in WFW is evaluated by analyzing thermomechanical, rheological, thermochemical properties, and chemical shrinkage. The direct comparison of a vitrimer and an established epoxy resin permits an indication of the processability and necessary adjustments in WFW. Based on the implications of modeling, we demonstrate the processing of the vitrimeric resin in the WFW process by increasing the resin bath temperatures. The vitrimer's and conventional resin's elastic modulus development and compression behavior were similar, highlighting the vitrimeric resin's potential. Further, the results confirm that established characterization and modeling routines can be transferred to vitrimeric resins and, therefore, path the way toward advanced process simulation of vitrimeric resin's processing. For this, the present publication gives essential advice for setting up testing schedules for characterizing epoxy vitrimers' processing behavior and their appropriate modeling. The present work underlines the potential of applying commercially available dynamic hardeners to manufacture recyclable and malleable FRP in established processes. Highlights: Material characterization and modeling of wet filament winding process.Wet filament winding of epoxy vitrimers.Thermomechanical and chemical shrinkage characterization of epoxy vitrimers.Rheological and kinetic modeling of epoxy vitrimer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To examine the extent to which increased automation transparency can mitigate the potential negative effects of low and high automation reliability on disuse and misuse of automated advice, and perceived trust in automation. Background: Automated decision aids that vary in the reliability of their advice are increasingly used in workplaces. Low-reliability automation can increase disuse of automated advice, while high-reliability automation can increase misuse. These effects could be reduced if the rationale underlying automated advice is made more transparent. Methods: Participants selected the optimal UV to complete missions. The Recommender (automated decision aid) assisted participants by providing advice; however, it was not always reliable. Participants determined whether the Recommender provided accurate information and whether to accept or reject advice. The level of automation transparency (medium, high) and reliability (low: 65%, high: 90%) were manipulated between-subjects. Results: With high- compared to low-reliability automation, participants made more accurate (correctly accepted advice and identified whether information was accurate/inaccurate) and faster decisions, and reported increased trust in automation. Increased transparency led to more accurate and faster decisions, lower subjective workload, and higher usability ratings. It also eliminated the increased automation disuse associated with low-reliability automation. However, transparency did not mitigate the misuse associated with high-reliability automation. Conclusion: Transparency protected against low-reliability automation disuse, but not against the increased misuse potentially associated with the reduced monitoring and verification of high-reliability automation. Application: These outcomes can inform the design of transparent automation to improve human-automation teaming under conditions of varied automation reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate whether the perceived ethicalness of police actions changes when police follow an AI-robot's advice. We assess whether perceived ethicalness of police violence is higher when police follow robot advice to arrest a passer-by, compared to no robot advice to arrest the passer-by. Using neutralization theory, we test how blame-shifting occurs. When police violently arrest an innocent passer-by, the violence is neutralized when the decision was made following the AI-robot. Perceived ethicalness of police violence is higher when the passer-by is a terrorist, and police violence against a passer-by is neutralized through 'denial of victim' and 'denial of injury'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This systematic review investigated qualitative and quantitative studies exploring patients and healthcare professionals' (HCP) experience of nutrition care throughout the cancer journey. Methods: Five databases were systematically searched for studies reporting on patient and healthcare professionals' experience of nutrition advice. Results: Fifteen studies including 374 patients and 471 healthcare professionals were included. Findings indicate that patients desire more specific nutrition advice supported by members of the multidisciplinary team and delivered in appropriate and understandable language. Healthcare professionals have highlighted a lack of time, funding, dietetic roles, and knowledge as barriers to integrating nutrition as a standard part of cancer care. Five themes were identified (current provision of nutrition advice, optimal provision of nutrition advice, tension between patient values and nutritional or HCP priorities, providing evidence-based nutrition care, and practical barriers to nutrition advice provision). Conclusions: Further work is essential to better understand and address identified barriers and improve the provision of nutrition advice to this population. Implications for Cancer Survivors: Findings from this review will guide the delivery of nutrition advice for cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While seeking advice can be beneficial for advisees, advisors may not always possess the necessary knowledge to provide appropriate guidance. Poor‐quality advice can mislead advisees rather than offering assistance. Despite the research interest in advisees, few studies have investigated advisors' psychological and behavioral responses, especially when they faced uncertainty regarding the optimal course of action for advisees. To fill this gap, we developed novel paradigms aiming at manipulating advisors' uncertainty, allowing for a systematic investigation of advisors' behavior, motivation, and emotion. Across four studies, we consistently found that advisors under uncertainty give less advice. Furthermore, we observed that uncertainty modulates advisors' motivation to influence, worry about harm to others, and/or sense of power. The motivation to influence and/or worry about harm to others can mediate the effect of uncertainty on advice giving. Besides, we identified nuanced distinctions in the effects of ambiguity and risk, two distinct types of uncertainty, on advisors' psychological processes. Our findings shed light on advisors' self‐monitoring of the quality of their advice, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of advisor–advisee communication from the perspective of advisors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses normative issues that arise when scholars provide policy advice. Economics has a tradition, which goes back to the origins of the discipline in the enlightenment, of warning against value judgements in theory and making value judgements in practice. Policy recommendations in pursuit of "efficiency" do not provide a convincing justification for the practice; the distributional consequences matter even if they are kept under the rug. The more recent practice of using "efficiency" as a basis for descriptive analysis introduces a source of serious bias. The lack of a professional routine for choosing which tools are appropriate for studying a given sludge of facts makes for an additional reason to exercise caution. Whereas academic freedom precludes the imposition of such normative appeals from the outside, critical open discussion should provide a needed disciplining mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Bankrecht und Bankwirtschaft is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Qualifying exams and thesis committees are crucial components of a PhD candidate's journey. However, many candidates have trouble navigating these milestones and knowing what to expect. This article provides advice on meeting the requirements of the qualifying exam, understanding its format and components, choosing effective preparation strategies, retaking the qualifying exam, if necessary, and selecting a thesis committee, all while maintaining one's mental health. This comprehensive guide addresses components of the graduate school process that are often neglected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In times of public health crisis, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic, there is a critical need for interventions that emphasize group unification. Such interventions may motivate individuals to adhere personally and collectively to health advice, enhance national solidarity, and reduce conspiratorial beliefs among members—particularly among those who may express skepticism or distrust towards science. Across three experimental studies (Ntotal = 1604) conducted online (Experiments 1 & 3) and in a real‐world setting (Experiment 2) in Ireland and Kosovo, we assessed participants' trust in science (i.e., the extent to which they trust in science and scientists) and exposed them to one of three conditions regarding COVID‐19 health advice: compliance (i.e., the majority of ingroup members comply with the health advice), non‐compliance (i.e., the majority of ingroup members do not comply with the health advice), or no advice (i.e., control condition with no health advice information). Overall, the results showed that participants with low (vs. high) trust in science intended to adhere to health advice, expected ingroup members to do the same, experienced greater national solidarity, and reduced their conspiracy beliefs in the compliance condition compared to noncompliance or control conditions. Participants' feelings of national solidarity explained the observed effects. In sum, this set of experimental studies shows that compliance with health advice during a health crisis not only enhances national solidarity but also promotes adherence to health behaviors and reduces conspiracy beliefs, especially among those initially skeptical of science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attending and presenting at conferences is a preeminent experience during scientific training. This article provides a trainee's perspective on strategies to promote trainee growth before, during and after scientific meetings, taking the initiatives implemented by the Canadian Society for Immunology (CSI) as an example. A foremost action was the establishment of the Trainee Engagement Committee (TEC) in 2020. The TEC members contribute to the annual symposia by participating in the local organizing committee meetings and organizing trainee‐directed events. We propose actions that conference organizers can take to foster the development of the next generation of scientists. In addition, we offer advice to conference presenters on how to craft talks with trainees in mind and to attendees on how to maximize the quality and longevity of conference interactions. We hope this opinion piece evokes reflections and discussions among scientific societies, organizing committees, conference presenters and trainees alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discursive practices position Black women as racial, gendered, and sexual others. There remains a need to understand how Black women craft sexualities given this backdrop. This paper draws on sexual and dating advice from 30 semi-structured interviews to examine how cisgender heterosexual undergraduate women enrolled at a Historically Black College/University in the USA constructed and promoted heterosexualities. Neoliberalism, racialised risk narratives and notions of Black womanhood converge to frame how participants articulated their roles and the roles of women like them in maintaining sexual health and social status at the nexus of race and gender oppression, and in respect of aspirational Black feminine middle-class identities. Overarching messages in their peer advice revealed gender-specific expectations about sexual responsibility through self-reliance and sexual respectability through heterosexual monogamy. The present study expands sexualities research through an intersectional approach that examines the implications of racialised, gendered and classed meanings of Black sexuality and womanhood in an understudied population. Findings identify peer sexual advice as a rhetorical tool that simultaneously resists and reproduces power structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peer advice can provide emotional, social and practical assistance for the sustained self-management of chronic conditions. For stigmatised diseases such as HIV, finding support can be challenging. Women living with HIV in the Southern USA are additionally impacted upon by region-specific barriers such as stigma, poverty and limited access to services. The effectiveness of peer advice has been studied, yet little is known about the advice shared amongst women living with HIV. Therefore, we aimed to qualitatively explore the context and content of the advice participants offered to other women. With the assistance of a Community Clinician Advisory Board, women were recruited from across the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention South Census Region. In-depth interviews were conducted with (N = 40) participants, aged 23 to 72 years (M = 51.2). Qualitative inductive thematic analysis was used to explore both the solicited and unprompted advice shared during individual interviews. Analysis of interview transcripts revealed three advice themes: Consistency in disease management Practical, non-medical advice; and Emotional and social support. The findings are valuable in shaping future peer-delivered programmes and interventions to enhance HIV care engagement, medication adherence, and the well-being of women living with HIV in the Southern USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of forcibly displaced people, including refugees, has been increasing exponentially over the last few decades. Refugees settled in Western destination countries face several challenges in successfully accessing and participating in higher education and in becoming knowledge producers. This is in sharp contrast to uncritical assumptions that refugees settled in these countries are better off in terms of pursing higher education. To shed more light on this issue, I aim to address the research question 'How does the integration process in a Western destination country contribute to the exclusion of refugees from knowledge production?' The article uses an education pipeline analogy and human agency theory as the theoretical framework. I conduct narrative interviews with six refugees who planned to pursue higher education but could not realize their plans in Norway. The findings indicate that the refugee education pipeline is broken and stuffed with various restrictive factors that weaken the refugees' agency to make informed decisions. These factors included a long waiting time for settlement, withholding relevant information about higher education, demotivating and misplaced advice about higher education and language training programmes for non-academic purposes. The article ends with a conclusion and several implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Utilizing mobile apps to increase physical activity levels is now standard practice in cancer care. The study's objective was to provide patients with precise physical activity recommendations and/or initiate self-directed exercise programs. Methods: A multidisciplinary group directed the design procedure. We adhered to the self-determination approach,and accompanying behavior modification strategies, as well as international guidelines in the field of physical activity in cancer care. The design process was user-centered and involved three steps: Understanding the user and the context, conceptualization, and evaluation of the prototype. The testing was carried out by the beneficiaries, healthcare professionals, and two experts. Three criteria were evaluated in the designed solution: usability, quality, and potential for behavior change. Results: The evaluation results of the designed solution showed good perception by both beneficiaries and healthcare professionals. The average system usability scale score was 90,6 (SD: 7.33) for beneficiaries, and 92.75 (SD: 3.83) for healthcare professionals. The first expert received a mean overall quality score of 4.51 on the mobile app rating scale, while the second received a score of 4.27. The results of the app behavior change scale gave the first expert a score of 17/21 and the second a score of 15/21. Conclusion: Based on the criteria of usability, quality, and potential for behavior change, the designed app demonstrated positive results. This is a preliminary evaluation, which will be followed by additional, in-depth evaluations with larger sample sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic and substance-related factors associated with being screened, receiving advice or treatment information from healthcare providers, among individuals who met the criteria for the past 12-month alcohol use disorder (AUD). Methods: The 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data were analyzed to identify factors associated with being (1) asked about alcohol used among adults with AUD, who visited a healthcare provider within the past 12 months, and were not receiving AUD treatment (sample 1, n = 13,321); (2) asked about problematic use; (3) advised to reduce consumption; and (4) offered alcohol treatment information, among those in sample 1 who were asked about their use (n = 6,905). Results: About half (52.9%) in sample 1 were asked about their alcohol use. Among them, 21.6% were asked about problematic use, 17.7% were advised to reduce alcohol consumption, and 7.6% were offered information. The odds of being asked about alcohol use among male participants were 0.72 times the odds of female participants; however once asked, male participants showed greater odds of being asked about problematic use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–1.82), advised to reduce consumption (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.24–2.16), and offered treatment information (aOR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.34–2.35). As compared with non-Hispanic White participants, other racial/ethnic groups were less likely to be asked about alcohol use; however, once asked, no differences were observed for other outcomes. Conclusions: Significant gaps in the screening and provision of advice or treatment information were identified, particularly for racial/ethnic and sex subgroups. Reducing barriers for effective screening could help address AUD-related disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Literatura Mexicana is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones Filologicas - UNAM and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An INCOSE‐wide initiative has exposed at least 600 heuristics. Previous work indicates that rationalizing and simplifying this set to make it useful and memorable is difficult, if not intractable. Difficulty Assessment Tools (DATs) have been used for years to characterize the difficulty of a problem and provide tailored advice. This paper explores using a DAT to characterize the problem, and using the outputs to provide heuristic and other forms of advice. To test this approach, 50 heuristics and 10 principles were scored and embedded into an online DAT. An experiment was conducted to determine whether the DAT discussion, recommended approach, and heuristic/principles advice were useful. All teams considered the discussion very useful. As might be expected, the results indicated that the heuristic usefulness was a function of the teams' experience and familiarity with the task. The tool prioritization of suitable heuristics met developers' expectations, but was undetected by the users. This maybe because the heuristics were a hand‐picked set of 50 Heuristics from a set of 600+, meaning all were highly useful. Further work is proposed to check this assessment. The DAT usefulness results indicate that Systems Engineers should use the DAT to inform their approach throughout the lifecycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success of supervised models for emotion recognition on images heavily depends on the availability of images properly annotated. Although millions of images are presently available, only a few are annotated with reliable emotional information. Current emotion recognition solutions either use large amounts of weakly-labeled web images, which often contain noise that is unrelated to the emotions of the image, or transfer learning, which usually results in performance losses. Thus, it would be desirable to know which images would be useful to be annotated to avoid an extensive annotation effort. In this paper, we propose a novel approach based on active learning to choose which images are more relevant to be annotated. Our approach dynamically combines multiple active learning strategies and learns the best ones (without prior knowledge of the best ones). Experiments using nine benchmark datasets revealed that: (i) active learning allows to reduce the annotation effort, while reaching or surpassing the performance of a supervised baseline with as little as 3% to 18% of the baseline's training set, in classification tasks; (ii) our online combination of multiple strategies converges to the performance of the best individual strategies, while avoiding the experimentation overhead needed to identify them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario Electrónico de Estudios en Comunicación Social 'Disertaciones' is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Studies on online advice-giving have focused on non-profit public platforms but rarely examined it in commercial contexts, where the advisor has the motive of seeking economic interests. This study investigates advice-giving in the first five-minute part of paid live talks, which is free but designed to entice the audience to pay for the remaining part. Transcripts of 123 five-minute recordings are collected. This study analyzes individual speakers' use of discursive moves and the corresponding relational strategies, as well as their effectiveness in boosting online sales. The results indicate that four discursive moves, i.e., metacomment, general information, advice, and assessment, are the most frequently used, with a large majority of advice phrased in declaratives. Statistical analysis showed that inexperienced, non-expert, and low-community-status speakers tend to use more bonding, and expert, experienced, high-community-status, and male speakers prefer to use more hedging. In addition, the effects of bonding, empathizing, and hedging on sales are consistently positive, while those of criticizing are negative; the above effects are moderated by the speaker's social status. This study adds to the understudied issue of advisors' relational negotiations and their resultant outcome in public commercial contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we discuss several key issues in the recent microplastic risk assessment conducted by Hataley et al. (2023. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Scie 80 (10): 1669-1678) for the Great Lakes ecosystem. First, we note that the risk characterizations are incorrect due to errors in parameterizations of the calculations necessary to align exposure and effects data, as well as the corrections for bioaccessibility cutoffs. Second, the lack of quantification of uncertainty in the risk assessment raises concerns. Previous assessments that employed similar methods addressed uncertainties arising from the calculations, revealing that the probabilistic uncertainty inherent in risk characterization can span significant magnitudes. Third, we highlight the problematic use of species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) designed for marine systems in a freshwater context. We emphasize the importance of utilizing SSDs that incorporate relevant freshwater species data, and identify recent studies that provide such data for use in future risk assessments. Based on a previously published assessment, we suggest initiating measures to reduce the release of plastic debris into the watershed and advise research, monitoring, and mitigative strategies to address potential threats to water quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multilingualism has become the norm in families all over the world. These families need to juggle their children's linguistic identity and integration in their contexts. They may also need professional advice about which language(s) they should use at home, especially when children present with developmental disorders. There is a dearth of studies addressing the role parental views play in home-language maintenance with children with developmental disorders. This study is conducted in Spain, where Spanish is the national language, along with local languages in certain regions, as well as foreign languages. This qualitative study aimed to deepen our understanding of the views about language choice of multilingual families whose children have either typical language development or a developmental disorder in Spain. We recruited 26 parents of multilingual children aged between 5 and 10 years, from different linguistic backgrounds. Semi-structured online interviews were conducted. The data were analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis. The findings illustrate the complexity and nuance of parents' views and decisions regarding language choice in their contexts. The themes included identity and belonging, as well as the influences of external advice on parental decisions. It is important that professionals such as speech–language therapists understand these views to enable them to deliver family-centered care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide an overview and discussion of some issues and guidelines related to monitoring univariate processes with control charts. We offer some advice to practitioners to help them set up control charts appropriately and use them most effectively. We propose a four-phase framework for control chart set-up, implementation, use, and maintenance. In addition, our recommendations may be useful for researchers in the field of statistical process monitoring. We identify some current best practices, some misconceptions, and some practical issues that rely on practitioner judgment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]