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The factors that impact audiences' willingness to pay for news have received much attention over the last decade given a steady decline in advertising revenues and online news outlets attempting to diversify their revenue streams. Drawing on an online survey of 2034 news consumers in Australia, the study examined gender differences in the value of the news as a predictor of willingness to pay for news. The results revealed significant gender differences. Perceptions of sufficient and fair coverage of their gender affected women's willingness to pay, but not men's. Women are more likely to pay for news when they believe that women are fairly covered. On the other hand, women are more likely to pay for news if they perceive an under- or overrepresentation of women in news. This study provides important implications for news industry and journalism practices, evidencing the significance of fair gender representation to the economic value of news. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With their advertising and audience revenues in decline, local news organizations have been experiencing comparatively high degrees of disruption in recent years. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers opportunities for local news organizations to better cope with the economic challenges they face. However, local news organizations need to carefully prioritize where AI will create the most value. After all, they serve customers in the audience and advertising markets, with external effects on society. At the same time, they are limited by scarce resources, which constrains the implementation of AI. Therefore, based on Porter's value chain, this article pursues two goals. First, drawing on previous research, we provide a systematic overview of activities for which local news organizations see the biggest potential of AI to create value. Moreover, we highlight promising AI use cases based on benchmarking with national news organizations. Second, we discuss local news organizations' challenges in implementing AI and how they might overcome such obstacles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore the perceptions of ulama (Islamic scholars) regarding terrorism news in the Indonesian mass media. Employing a qualitative approach and descriptive method, data were collected through interviews with 25 ulama located in Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, North Sumatra, Padang, and West Kalimantan. The findings of this study revealed three significant perceptions among the ulama participants regarding the media coverage of terrorism in Indonesia. Firstly, they identified an unfair association between Islam and terrorism in the media coverage, expressing disagreement and concern over this portrayal. They emphasized that acts of terrorism should not be equated with the teachings of Islam. Secondly, the ulama perceived political, ideological, and economic motives behind the coverage of terrorism, suspecting specific agendas by Western or American entities. They also believed that economic interests influenced the media's emphasis on sensational aspects to attract viewers and generate advertising revenue. Thirdly, the ulama perceived negative repercussions for Islam due to the coverage of terrorism, including the potential tarnishing of Islam's image and the exacerbation of Islamophobic sentiments. This study provides additional insights and confirms previous research on the coverage of terrorism and Islam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ad blockers allow users to browse websites without viewing ads. Online news publishers that rely on advertising income tend to perceive users' adoption of ad blockers purely as a threat to revenue. Yet, this perception ignores the possibility that avoiding ads—which users presumably dislike—may affect users' online news consumption behavior in positive ways. Using 3.1 million visits from 79,856 registered users on a news website, this research finds that ad blocker adoption has robust positive effects on the quantity and variety of articles users consume. Specifically, ad blocker adoption increases the number of articles that users read by 21.0%–43.2%, and it increases the number of content categories that users consume by 13.4%–29.1%. These effects are stronger for less-experienced users of the website. The increase in news consumption stems from increases in repeat visits to the news website, rather than in the number of page impressions per visit. These postadoption visits tend to start from direct navigation to the news website, rather than from referral sources. The authors discuss how news publishers could benefit from these findings, including exploring revenue models that consider users' desire to avoid ads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ad exchanges, where real-time auctions for display ad impressions take place, have historically emphasized user targeting, and advertisers sometimes did not know on which sites their ads would appear; in other words, they had no ad context. More recently, some ad exchanges have been encouraging publishers to provide context information to ad buyers that would allow them to adjust their bids for ads at specific sites. This article explores the empirical effect of a change in context information provided by a private European ad exchange. Analyzing this as a quasi-experiment using difference in differences, the authors find that average revenue per impression rose when the exchange provided subdomain information to ad buyers. Thus, ad context information is important to ad buyers, and they will act on it. Revenue per impression rises for nearly all sites, which is what auction theory predicts will happen when rational buyers with heterogeneous preferences are given more information. Exceptions are sites with thin markets prior to the policy change; consistent with theory, these sites do not show a rise in prices. This study adds evidence that ad exchanges with reputable publishers, particularly smaller volume, high-quality sites, should provide ad buyers with context information, which can be done at almost no cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Journalists are working in an ever-changing environment (where precarity has become commonplace). Reporters are increasingly required to multi-task, as news has become ubiquitous. This includes writing and editing copy, posting content online and on social media, sourcing images, recording and editing audio and recording pieces to camera: the traditional television, radio and print reporter all rolled into one. Yet, additional duties are not matched by increased pay; in some instances resources have been cut, and management cite reduced advertising revenue as the main reason. This research examined the impact of those changes to work practices on journalists, the media industry, and on wider society in Ireland, where multi-tasking has become more prevalent in the past 10 to 15 years and the pressures faced by journalists have intensified in the aftermath of COVID-19. Twelve journalists working in the media in Ireland were interviewed as part of this research. Their perceptions on the main influences on their work practices were explored. The findings of this research argue that due to the relentless drive for profit maximization, the result is that insufficient time and resources are made available to run newsrooms adequately and this is particularly prevalent in the regional press. This means 'desk' journalism is prioritized over 'field' reporting, while the battle between accuracy and immediacy is placing journalists under immense pressure and this also affects the quality of content produced and disseminated. Also, there is insufficient focus by media organizations on time intensive journalism i.e., investigative journalism—which potentially impacts everyone's lives—and this influences how ordinary citizens understand the world around them. This research argues that the ability of journalism to hold the powerful to account is diminishing. Journalism, in its current trajectory, does not fulfil its Fourth Estate or 'watchdog' function, and critically, this influences people's understanding of society, as this research outlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the optimal design of a paywall when consumers endogenously determine their amount of content consumption. Digital content platforms increasingly implement paywalls to generate subscription revenue, but putting content behind paywalls can reduce consumption and advertising revenue. We analyze optimal paywall design when consumers are heterogenous in their valuation for and satiation with content and endogenously determine their consumption. We find that, under moderate ad rates, a metered paywall offering a limited amount of free content is optimal when consumers display sufficient heterogeneity in satiation. When ad rates increase, one might expect platforms to offer more free content to generate higher ad revenue. Instead, we find that sometimes offering less free content and lowering the subscription price is optimal to attract new subscribers. Further, depending on ad rates, the optimal amount of free content may increase or decrease in consumers' valuation for content. As valuation increases, consumers' willingness to pay for subscription and desire for content consumption increases. The former effect dominates under low ad rates and incentivizes the platform to provide less free content, but the opposite is true under high ad rates. Counterintuitively, we also find that total content consumption can increase with the proportion of users who become satiated relatively faster because the platform may strategically raise its meter limit to increase ad revenues from nonsubscribers. We also explore the impact of a more appealing outside option for consumers, competition between media platforms, and correlation between valuation and satiation on the optimality of paywalls. History: Yuxin Chen served as the senior editor. Funding: This work was supported by the INFORMS Society for Marketing Science (ISMS) through its ISMS Doctoral Dissertation Early Stage Research Grants. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2023.1444. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Driven by the need to enhance user traffic on social media (SM) platforms for increasing their advertising revenues, SM platforms are experimenting with new content creation features. However, it is unclear if such initiatives are also beneficial for SM profile owners such as influencers, who are the prime content creators on the SM platforms who use SM posts to build their influence within their network of followers. Our study investigates the effect of introducing one such new SM feature: the "story" on the creation and consumption of SM posts. Leveraging social penetration theory, we hypothesize the influence of introducing story feature on (1) the frequency of SM post creation by profile owners and (2) the extent of follower engagement with SM posts. Employing a quasi-experimental design, we find that the introduction of the story feature reduces the frequency of SM post creation, but the enhanced self-disclosure through the story feature increases follower engagement with the SM posts. However, these effects are moderated by the situating culture of the SM communities: while low-power-distance cultures value profile owners' self-disclosure, high-power-distance cultures exhibit a mixed influence. Advancing literature on social penetration theory and SM user engagement, our study demonstrates that new self-disclosive SM content creation features do not necessarily benefit all the concerned stakeholders and that the effectiveness of such features might vary from one community to another. Hence, the intended impact of introducing new SM features needs to be carefully evaluated by SM platforms in a holistic manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media platforms are suspected to derive hefty profits from youth users who may be vulnerable to negative mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. Platforms, however, are not required to make these data publicly available, which may limit the abilities of researchers and policymakers to adequately investigate and regulate platform practices. This study aimed to estimate the number of U.S.-based child (0–12 years old) and adolescent (13–17 years old) users and the annual advertising revenue generated from youth across six major platforms. Data were drawn from public survey and market research sources conducted in 2021 and 2022. A simulation analysis was conducted to derive estimates of the number of users and the annual advertising revenue per age group and overall (ages 0–17 years) for 2022. The findings reveal that, across six major social media platforms, the 2022 annual advertising revenue from youth users ages 0–17 years is nearly $11 billion. Approximately 30–40% of the advertising revenue generated from three social media platforms is attributable to young people. Our findings highlight the need for greater transparency from social media platforms as well as regulation of potentially harmful advertising practices that may exploit vulnerable child and adolescent social media users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the mobile apps market, most apps can be downloaded for free. This study reviews the economic literature on the three most popular monetization strategies used to generate revenue: advertising, freemium, and personal data. We discuss the part played by personal data in each of these three monetization strategies, and highlight why the lack of knowledge about the ultimate uses of personal data by market stakeholders should be of concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology companies and their platforms are important digital intermediaries for news publishers. Platforms as technological infrastructures have digital materiality and how publishers organise their innovations have become entangled with the digital materiality of platforms. This six-year longitudinal study (2015–2021) examines this entanglement by analysing how and why a news publisher innovated its practices vis-à-vis the changing digital materiality of Facebook and Instagram. Employing practice theory and the platform configuration framework, this study assesses the publisher's configuration of its editorial activities in relation to shifts in the digital materiality of Meta's platforms and the reflexivity of newsroom staff. Using a mix of qualitative methods, this study finds that the publisher both embraced and resisted the platforms' algorithmic changes. While it enhanced video production and distribution to align with the platforms' preference for audio-visual content, the publisher also developed new practices to counterbalance its reliance on Facebook for news distribution and digital advertising revenue, especially after Meta's downranking of publishers' content on News Feeds and the introduction of restrictions for Instant Articles. This study concludes that while publishers are circumscribed by the changes in the platforms' digital materiality, they strategically innovate specific practices to both leverage platforms and reclaim or maintain independence from them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CONTRASTE is a monthly newspaper for self-organization that has been serving alternative movements since 1984. It aims to make the transition towards a more solidary and sustainable way of life visible. The newspaper covers various projects and initiatives that seek to bring about radical change in politics, economy, society, and culture. CONTRASTE also aims to connect different movements and serve as a platform for discussion and exchange of experiences. The newspaper is run by a largely volunteer-based editorial team and relies on donations and advertising revenue to sustain itself. Despite facing challenges over the years, CONTRASTE has managed to thrive and continue its mission. The newspaper is published 11 times a year and covers a wide range of topics related to self-organization, social movements, and alternative economies. The editorial team operates based on principles of self-organization and collaborates through regular meetings and communication channels. The newspaper is distributed in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland and has a readership estimated at around 5,000. However, the project still faces financial difficulties and relies on subscriptions and donations to support its operations. The CONTRASTE team believes that the newspaper is essential in these times of crisis and calls for more support and involvement from younger generations to ensure its continuation. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Europarecht (05312485) is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We offer a theory of anticompetitive tying in two‐sided markets when below‐cost or negative pricing is possible. With the coexistence of two consumer groups (one regarding tying and tied goods as complementary and the other as independent), a tying‐good monopolist may face difficulties in extracting rent under separate sales and wish to use tying to directly capture the large advertising revenue created in the complementary segment. We uncover two distinct mechanisms by which tying raises monopoly profits but reduces social welfare. Our theory of tying can be applied to real‐world antitrust law enforcement, such as the Google Android case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is the connection between the genocide of the Rohingya in Myanmar, the rapid spread of mis- and dis-information and the rise of mental health and attention difficulties? Whilst seemingly disparate, each of these issues have been exacerbated by the widespread use of engagement-based algorithms on social media platforms. Engagement-based algorithms are designed to captivate our attention to keep us engaging with the platform for longer, thereby raising advertising revenues for the companies. These algorithms pick up on content which is showing strong engagement and suggest it to users. Engagement means interaction with the content, such as 'likes', sharing the content, or commenting on the content. Engagement can also simply be the amount of time the user spends looking at content. As well as the adorable kitten videos, extreme content holds our attention, inducing algorithms to promote this material. There is a lack of awareness amongst the public about how these social media algorithms are amplifying alarming content, causing polarisation and driving inequality. To highlight these issues, a theatre group working with Creativity and Change in Munster Technological University (MTU) explored the local and global impact of social media engagement-based algorithms. This took place through a mentorship with Brazilian theatre practitioner, Julian Boal. In this article, we explore algorithmic awareness as an important missing aspect of global citizenship education (GCE), before illustrating what we learned from exploring this topic through forum theatre. We conclude by drawing some lessons for GCE on using socially engaged theatre to explore complex, invisible topics. We also draw on the links between forum theatre and Freire's pedagogy of the oppressed, including forum theatre as a form of praxis, conscientisation and collective action that makes invisible power structures visible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moblie platform is an online store for distributing mobile apps and designed to connect mobile app developers and users. Mobile platform launches in-app advertisement for their advertisers to monetize the mobile app market. Unlike traditional advertising, the profitability of in-app advertising is not only affected by the decision of the platform, but also by the decision of the app developer, and they will share the advertising revenue. We develop an app advertising revenue sharing model with two competitive app developers and one mobile platform. The mobile platform is the leader, and the two app developers are the follower. Our analysis shows that the two app developers may choose to publish or not publish adds. If publishing, app developers may choose to offer a free app with in-app ads, or choose to offer a paid app with in-app ads. These results can be categorized into seven ranges for the platform's given revenue share of advertisement. In addition, we find the platform's optimal choice of ad revenue share is affected by the quality of advertisement. With the improvement of advertising quality, the revenue sharing ratio will first remain unchanged, then decrease, and finally increase. This is caused by the platform's subsidization strategy for app developers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined journalists' perceptions on the transition from traditional newspapers to digital reporting in Tanzania. The purpose is to investigate how the transition is shaping journalism practice as it relates to market models, audience engagement and ethics. Interviews with 47 newspaper journalists reveal that the shift to digital reporting result in increased readership, audience engagement, advertising revenue and ethical practices. Furthermore, the transition minimises the risk of corruption among journalists, particularly brown envelope journalism. Such findings have implications in terms of the need for media scholars to broaden their scope to fundamentally understand how newspapers in Africa need to engage audiences ethically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines a new form of philanthropic fundraising as pioneered by the YouTuber MrBeast. We argue that MrBeast, by harnessing the advertising revenue sharing model of YouTube's Partner Program, has created an innovative model of philanthropic giving funded by mobilising what Marxist communication theorists refer to as the 'audience' or 'prosumer commodity'. Through this method, MrBeast has been able to use the algorithmically managed, revenue sharing model of YouTube, and the spectacle of philanthropy, to draw in ever larger audiences and thus create large amounts of advertising and sponsorship revenue to fund philanthropic activities. This revenue in turn funds even larger philanthropic acts in subsequent videos, drawing more audiences and revenue. Unlike previous media-based fundraising, which would ask audience members to contribute their own money or time to a cause, MrBeast positions his audiences as a knowing audience commodity whose viewership funds direct contributions of other peop le's money to good causes, merely by watching and being entertained. We assess the implications of this both for current debates around the 'work', labour', and 'exploitation' of audience and prosumer commodities, and their monetisation for philanthropic giving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bourdieu's field theory has become a key heuristic for studying the impact of the market on American journalism, but this approach has not been employed to analyze the consequences of a technology-driven decline in advertising revenue. To understand this change and update the commercial critique of journalism, I extend the emerging Bourdieusian historical research program to chart transformations in the market's heteronomous effects on journalism. To do so, I highlight how the New York Times was exceptionally positioned to manage heteronomy as it emanated through the technology, political, and financial fields. This analysis throws the crisis of the wider field into relief, a field I characterize as an "inverted pyramid" to reflect how the Times' success deepened hierarchy, while also giving it the freedom to reinvent orthodoxy in a wide space of possibility atop the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

YouTube, the world's most popular online video sharing and social media platform, is filled with personalities. Lifestyle bloggers, hobbyists, self-styled newscasters and exercise instructors add flair to what they share, carving out a niche in a crowded field. Typically, personality is understood as something that belongs to its bearer. But how might it be possible to analyze YouTube, starting from the opposite proposition: that the 'YouTube personality' is not so much a property of the persons featured, as it is a property of the platform itself? This article argues that on YouTube, personalities become estranged from their ostensible bearers, becoming platform infrastructure. YouTube not only broadcasts personalities; it renders personalities operational. YouTube personalities act as assetization infrastructure, in that they continually compensate for the poor terms offered on advertising revenue, producing links within ecosystems of opportunities that extend beyond the platform. They also act as cohortification infrastructures, transforming the platform's surveillance-marketing logic of cohortification – the continuous placement of users into cohorts of similar users – into a participatory process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of NTU Management Review is the property of NTU Management Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research investigates how paywall suspensions affect subsequent subscription decisions and how the patterns of content consumption moderate such effects. In an effort to increase revenue amid declining print subscriptions, news organizations have shifted their focus to digital content consumption. On top of digital advertising revenue, digital subscriptions provide news organizations with an additional revenue stream. At the same time, though, this creates a conflict with the news organizations' societal obligation to keep the public informed. Using individual-level clickstream data from a major news organization and temporary paywall suspensions during events of public interest, we investigate how paywall suspensions affect subsequent subscription decisions. Although paywall suspensions enable news organizations to inform the public, does this hinder or contribute to their commercial interests? Adopting various identification strategies to analyze both unplanned and planned events, our analyses reveal that temporary paywall suspensions not only increase the amount of traffic during the suspension period, but also increase the likelihood that visitors become subscribers. We further examine how the patterns of content consumption moderate the effect of the suspension on subscription behavior. Our results suggest that the variety of content consumed during the suspension period is associated with an increased likelihood that website visitors choose to subscribe. History: K. Sudhir served as the senior editor and Dina Mayzlin served as associate editor for this article. Funding: Financial support from the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea [Grant 2022S1A5A8054316] is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The web appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2022.1400. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes how young non-paying news users experience digital news subscriptions in Norway. As news organizations face declining advertising revenues, digital subscriptions are considered the sustainable financial strategy of the future, with young people a particularly challenging group to convert. We analyze the experiences of young adults who do not pay for news and identify three key dimensions to why they do not subscribe: lack of exclusivity, subscriptions as too time-consuming, and unattractive payment models. We also detail how the informants maneuver around paywalls, and we highlight "multi-perspectivism" as an overarching concern guiding the informants' preferences. Empirically, the paper furthers our understanding of the challenges facing business models for journalism, especially problems with long-term, provider-specific subscriptions. Methodologically, we demonstrate how a combination of recurring interviews and a media diary matching a subscription test period yields a deeper analysis of motivations for, and experiences with, news use. Theoretically, the paper shows how approaching news through users' experiences can provide insights not just into what users appreciate from news but also into where they consider there is a lack of value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines and proposes several attribution models that quantify how revenue should be attributed to online advertising inputs. We adopt and further develop relative importance methods, which are based on regression models that have been extensively studied and utilized to investigate the relationship between advertising efforts and market reaction (revenue). The relative importance methods aim at decomposing and allocating marginal contributions to the coefficient of determination (R2) of the regression models as attribution values. In particular, we adopt two alternative submethods to perform this decomposition: dominance analysis and relative weight analysis. Moreover, we demonstrate an extension of the decomposition methods from standard linear models to additive models. We claim that our new approaches are more flexible and accurate in modeling the underlying relationship and quantifying the attribution values. We use simulation examples to demonstrate the superior performance of our new approaches to traditional methods. We further illustrate the value of our proposed approaches using a real advertising campaign data set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I study how local Chinese newspapers report on the national anti-corruption campaign by collecting a large-scale dataset of newspaper articles, internet searches, and comments on social media. Despite greater reader interest, local newspapers underreport, and deemphasise corruption scandals involving high-level officials from their own province. Underreporting is greater when a corrupt official is well connected, and a newspaper does not rely on advertising revenue. City-level newspapers report less about corruption in their own city but are more likely to report about corruption within the provincial government. I present suggestive evidence that this type of localised censorship reduces the accountability of local governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Podcasts have been on the rise recently with both audience numbers and advertising revenue increasing. Scholars have been scrutinizing the medium for quite some time. However, empirical research into the effects of podcast in general and their hosts in particular have been rare. Against the backdrop of the parasocial relations (PSR) approach, we therefore conducted an exploratory online survey of German podcast listeners (n = 804) asking which characteristics of a podcast host promote ties with listeners and whether these have persuasive effects. The study showed that audio media are capable of fostering PSR that can have an impact on listeners' attitudes and behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram lost $232 billion or 26% of its market value in the largest one-day value drop in the history of the US stock market in the first week of February after it reported a weaker than expected forecast for the following quarter and a decline in the daily active users on record. With other factors contributing to this such as Apple iPhone’s privacy changes which impact personalisation and thus advertising revenue, leaning towards development of metaverse that translates to a lesser revenue in the shorter term and a serious competition from TikTok, Meta is heavily betting on its short-format videos; Reels that the executives believe have an immense growth potential. In this paper, we analyse how short-format videos fare on social media platforms through new avenues of data processing that are driving a transformation in traditional business models from the lens of Instagram Reels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zer: Journal of Communication Studies / Revista de Estudios de Comunicacion / Komunikazio Ikasketen Aldizkaria is the property of Universidad del Pais Vasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zer: Journal of Communication Studies / Revista de Estudios de Comunicacion / Komunikazio Ikasketen Aldizkaria is the property of Universidad del Pais Vasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The essence of the business model concept lies in value creation and value capture. This has been a focus of attention in marketing: value creation has been studied from the viewpoint of customer interaction, while value capture has been considered from the perspective of pricing. However, the two areas have not been discussed in an integrated way. Pricing has been examined based on the revenue model, and in this paper, we focus on the revenue model and value creation, in order to broaden the theory and practice of marketing. By analyzing Chinese short video applications that create value through active interaction with customers, we explore the consistency between value creation and capture, and the implications for the business model concept in marketing research.

Media have multipronged linkages to violence, and these have been studied in considerable detail in the fields of communication and media studies. With commercialisation of media and the rapid decline of paying subscribers, for their survival in a capitalist economy, media have to rely increasingly on advertising revenues, and on other ways of linking to markets. Portrayals of violence have become reliable vehicles for ensuring media profitability - in terms of generating advertising revenue - as well as for generating revenue streams via related market-developing and market-maintaining ways. With the advent of new media - social media, virtual reality media and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-robotics-sentient media - the nexus of media, markets and violence is beginning to transform. This paper offers concepts and frames to start exploring the new patterns of linkages across media, markets and violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores potential advertising futures markets that may emerge from current trends of automation and financialization in digital advertising. Managing price and availability is important to advertisers for securing prices and premium inventory and to publishers for safeguarding long-term revenue. The article compares US network television's annual upfront events with adtech company the New York Interactive Advertising Exchange (NYIAX). This article contributes two primary observations. First, that buying and selling forward advertising inventory is an important, and understudied, part of advertising markets. Second, the design of infrastructures that enable adverting futures markets are social and contested. The formation and framing of forward media markets has consequences for the advertising industry at a time of critical juncture and for broader media that rely on advertising revenue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online video platforms realize that increased user engagement increases advertising revenue. For this reason, the danmaku live chat function, which allows users to chat in real-time while watching videos, is developed. Based on Stimuli-Organisms-Response (SOR) theory, this study proposes a new approach--an effective user-targeted method for danmaku video advertising insertion strategy. Specifically, by using moment-to-moment danmaku data and listening to users' live comments, this study examines the influence of the feature variables of video advertisement groups on users' behavior and emotion. Empirical results show that the repeat times of platform advertisement, the exposure duration of a video advertisement group, the number of advertisements, and the number of brands impact users' danmaku behavior. The findings imply that enhanced content-based interactions contribute to video advertising success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper develops a theoretical model to study how the revenue model and technology of a social media platform affect its content-moderation strategy. This paper develops a theoretical model to study the economic incentives for a social media platform to moderate user-generated content. We show that a self-interested platform can use content moderation as an effective marketing tool to expand its installed user base, to increase the utility of its users, and to achieve its positioning as a moderate or extreme content platform. For the purpose of maximizing its own profit, a platform balances pruning some extreme content, thus losing some users, with gaining new users because of more moderate content on the platform. This balancing act plays out differently depending on whether users have to pay to join (subscription versus advertising revenue models) and on whether the technology for content moderation is perfect. We show that, when conducting content moderation optimally, a platform under advertising is more likely to moderate its content than one under subscription but does it less aggressively compared with the latter when it does. This is because a platform under advertising is more concerned about expanding its user base, whereas a platform under subscription is also concerned with users' willingness to pay. We also show a platform's optimal content moderation strategy depends on its technical sophistication. Because of imperfect technology, a platform may optimally throw away the moderate content more than the extreme content. Therefore, one cannot judge how extreme a platform is by just looking at its content moderation strategy. Furthermore, we show that a platform under advertising does not necessarily benefit from a better technology for content moderation, but one under subscription does as the latter can always internalize the benefits of a better technology. This means that platforms under different revenue models can have different incentives to improve their content moderation technology. Finally, we draw managerial and policy implications from our insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Communication Theory & Research / Iletisim Kuram ve Arastirma Dergisi is the property of Gazi University, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Return on advertising spend (ROAS) refers to the ratio of revenue generated by advertising projects to its expense. It is used to assess the effectiveness of advertising marketing. Several simulation-based controlled experiments, such as geo experiments, have been proposed recently. This refers to calculating ROAS by dividing a geographic region into a control group and a treatment group and comparing the ROAS generated in each group. However, the data collected through these experiments can only be used to analyze previously constructed data, making it difficult to use in an inductive process that predicts future profits or costs. Furthermore, to obtain ROAS for each advertising group, data must be collected under a new experimental setting each time, suggesting that there is a limitation in using previously collected data. Considering these, we present a method for predicting ROAS that does not require controlled experiments in data acquisition and validates its effectiveness through comparative experiments. Specifically, we propose a task deposition method that divides the end-to-end prediction task into the two-stage process: occurrence prediction and occurred ROAS regression. Through comparative experiments, we reveal that these approaches can effectively deal with the advertising data, in which the label is mainly set to zero-label. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]