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With the development of the information industry, the wearable three‐dimensional (3D) near‐eye display that can provide complete visual information has attracted increasing attention. Compared with other existing 3D display technologies, the holographic display is a promising true 3D display technology that can fully record and reproduce the original 3D scenes. The ability to present a continuous parallax and depth perception gives holography technology an unprecedented promise in the next‐generation 3D near‐eye display. However, currently available holographic near‐eye display systems can only provide a limited viewing area (including the field of view and eyebox), greatly restricting its practical application. Focusing on the development requirements of large viewing‐area 3D holographic near‐eye display, the reasons are introduced first why the viewing area of current holographic displays is limited and then the existing solutions from different aspects, including multiplexing‐based methods, steering viewing window methods, aperiodic wavefront modulation methods, and some emerging holographic display technologies are summarized. These various solutions are analyzed respectively, and their representative works are investigated. In addition, the different applications of holography in the near‐eye display system are also discussed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are compared and perspectives are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attaining highly uniform operations in a disordered system presents a persistent challenge. The utilization of ion migration in amorphous materials to trigger the resistive switching process of the material usually results in inferior uniformity of the memristive device. Here, we demonstrate that the resistive switching behavior can be activated through carrier doping in the disorder system, and highly ordered resistance modulation is achieved in Ag-doped albumen. By manipulating the doping level of the carrier, the localization of the free electron wavefunction can be tuned, leading to multi-level variations in resistance. This memristive switching behavior is in all electronic and displays excellent switching uniformity, holding great potential for applications in high-density memories and neuromorphic computing chips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrochromic devices have important applications in building energy conservation, next‐generation displaying, and security encryption, while durable and high‐performance electrochromic materials are highly desirable. Herein, a Zn‐based electrochromic smart window by using 3D ordered macroporous amorphous WO3 (a‐WO3) arrays as cathode is reported. Benefiting from a 3D ordered macroporous structure with a high specific surface area that accelerates the ion diffusion and migration, and the oxygen vacancy modulated a‐WO3 providing abundant zinc ion insertion channels, the as‐fabricated zinc‐based a‐WO3 inverse opal (a‐WO3‐IO) device exhibits excellent electrochromic properties, including large light modulation (83% optical contrast at 700 nm), fast response time (5.3 s for coloring and 3.2 s for bleaching), and robust cycling stability. Moreover, a solid‐state a‐WO3‐IO prototype electrochromic smart window is demonstrated for light modulation, electronic display, and power supply. Furthermore, experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that 3D macroporous amorphous WO3 with rich oxygen vacancies can enhance the zinc ion absorption and diffusion, leading to the enhancement of electrochromic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Quantitative research and quality improvement (QI) both seek to improve care provided to patients. However, clinicians often blur the lines between how to appropriately analyze data from these methodologies. Clinicians may inappropriately use statistical analyses for QI initiatives, rather than using run and statistical process control (SPC) charts to analyze improvements in outcomes. Objective: The purpose of this article was to address the analytic methods used for QI initiatives in the clinical setting in an effort to show clinicians how to identify meaningful improvements in clinical practice. Methods: In this article, we provide an example comparing the same evidence-based practice/QI initiative (chlorhexidine gluconate bathing in a medical intensive care unit) using a quasi-experimental pretest/posttest research design with statistical analyses completed with t tests with analyses using run and SPC charts to show the data trended over time. Using a pretest/posttest design, chlorhexidine gluconate bathing compliance improved from 63%to 65%, a nonsignificant change, P = .075. These same data plotted on run and SPC charts, however, show a shift and a trend, indicating clinically significant improvements per QI methodologies. Conclusion: The example in this article highlights the pitfall of relying only on statistical analyses and P values to determine the importance of a clinical project, and provides a practical example for how run or SPC charts can be used to identify improvements over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic paper displays rely on electrokinetic effects in nonpolar solvents to drive the displacement of colloidal particles within a fluidic cell. While Electrophoresis (EP) is a well-established and frequently employed phenomenon, electro-osmosis (EO), which drives fluid flow along charged solid surfaces, has not been studied as extensively. We hypothesize that by exploiting the interplay between these effects, an enhanced particle transport can be achieved. In this study, we experimentally investigate the combined effects of EP and EO for colloidal particles in non-polar solvents, driven by an electric field. We use astigmatism micro-particle tracking velocimetry (A- μ PTV) to measure the motion of charged particles within model fluidic cells. Using a simple approach that relies on basic fluid flow properties we extract the contributions due to EP and EO, finding that EO contributes significantly to particle transport. The validity of our approach is confirmed by measurements on particles with different magnitudes of charge, and by comparison to numerical simulations. We find that EO flows can play a dominant role in the transport of particles in electrokinetic display devices. This can be exploited to speed up particle transport, potentially yielding displays with significantly faster switching times. Interplay of electrokinetic effects : Driven by the applied electric field, both electro-osmosis (EO, top left), which drives a flow along the surfaces of the fluidic cell, and electrophoresis (EP, top right), which drives a migration of particles relative to the background liquid, occur in our system. A typical example of the resultant particle velocity field (bottom) illustrates the important role of EO on particle transport in the fluidic cell. • Studied electrokinetics of particles in nonpolar solvent using astigmatism micro-PTV. • Both electrophoresis (EP) and electro-osmosis (EO) play important roles. • Combination of EO and EP could be exploited in faster switching e-paper displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New crystalline tetranuclear cluster is prepared by the interaction of manganese(II) chloride with calix[4]arene 3 functionalized at the upper rim by distal p-(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl and p-tert-butyl groups displaying different electronic effects and sizes. The structure of the cluster is studied by single-crystal XRD. Due to the presence of (4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl moieties at the upper rim of the macrocyclic ligand, the molecules of the tetranuclear clusters are involved in π-stacking interactions leading to the formation of 2D supramolecular layers affording a porous crystal packing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the pursuit of highly active electrocatalysts is crucial to overcome the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, Fe–CoS 2 /carbon nanotubes anchored on carbon polyhedron (Fe–CoS 2 /CNT CPs) is prepared by using zeolitic imidazolate framework-8@zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-8@ZIF-67) as template. A series of analysis demonstrates the incorporation of Fe via wrapped Fe-EDTA can exert charge transfer between Co and Fe and optimize the adsorption of targeted intermediates, which favors for enhanced OER performance. Moreover, the catalytic effect of Co and Fe not only promotes the growth of carbon nanotubes but also enhances the degree of graphitization. The carbon skeletons embedded with carbon nanotubes derived from ZIF-8@ZIF-67 offer high specific surface area and strengthen the electrical conductivity of Fe–CoS 2 /CNT CPs. Therefore, compared with its counterpart and commercial RuO 2 , the designed Fe–CoS 2 /CNT CPs with regulated electronic structure displays the lowest overpotential of 293 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH solution for OER. This work explores a facile strategy for manipulate electronic structure and electrical conductivity of metal-organic frameworks derived catalysts simultaneously for robust OER electrocatalysts. • Fe–CoS 2 /CNT CPs is prepared by template assisted method. • The catalytic effect of Co and Fe facilitates the growth of carbon nanotubes. • The charge transfer between Co and Fe optimizes the adsorption of intermediates. • Carbon nanotubes along with carbon skeleton offer electron transport channels. • Fe–CoS 2 /CNT CPs exhibits superior OER activity with the overpotential of 293 mV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: This interview study delves into the potential of using AI-based clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) during meetings focused on multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) for breast cancer. The goal was to pinpoint the obstacles and to aid in implementing such a system within these meetings. Through 24 interviews with breast cancer team members across three hospitals, key insights emerged. Those involved showed interest in integrating CDSSs into their workflow, foreseeing benefits like enhanced data visualization, time-saving functionalities, and improved documentation. However, concerns lingered around data connectivity, the accuracy of suggestions, and the risk of losing the human touch in decision making. Overall, this research reveals the curiosity among clinicians to explore CDSS benefits but acknowledges the complexity of integrating these systems, offering insights to potentially streamline future implementation processes. Background: AI-driven clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) hold promise for multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs). This study aimed to uncover the hurdles and aids in implementing CDSSs during breast cancer MDTMs. Methods: Twenty-four core team members from three hospitals engaged in semi-structured interviews, revealing a collective interest in experiencing CDSS workflows in clinical practice. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed anonymously. A standardized approach, 'the framework method', was used to create an analytical framework for data analysis, which was performed by two independent researchers. Results: Positive aspects included improved data visualization, time-saving features, automated trial matching, and enhanced documentation transparency. However, challenges emerged, primarily concerning data connectivity, guideline updates, the accuracy of AI-driven suggestions, and the risk of losing human involvement in decision making. Despite the complexities involved in CDSS development and integration, clinicians demonstrated enthusiasm to explore its potential benefits. Conclusions: Acknowledging the multifaceted nature of this challenge, insights into the barriers and facilitators identified in this study offer a potential roadmap for smoother future implementations. Understanding these factors could pave the way for more effective utilization of CDSSs in breast cancer MDTMs, enhancing patient care through informed decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]