15,142 results on '"topiramate"'
Search Results
402. Natural superdisintegrant: Opportunity in oral drug delivery system
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Maskare, Rina G., Indurwade, Nitin H., Yadav, Aparna O., Kesharwani, Ajita S., Jain, Aishwarya A., Bisen, Vishal K., and Kotangale, Angat T.
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- 2021
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403. Multiple drugs: Various toxicity: 17 case reports.
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VALPROIC acid , *PERAMPANEL , *CLONAZEPAM , *TOPIRAMATE , *PHENOBARBITAL , *CARBAMAZEPINE - Abstract
A retrospective study examined 23 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who experienced various symptoms while being treated with multiple medications. Of the 17 patients described in the study, they exhibited distractibility, irritability, headache, drowsiness, or fatigue during treatment with brivaracetam. These patients also did not respond to other medications such as lamotrigine, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital. It is important for individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy to be aware of potential side effects and lack of efficacy when considering different treatment options. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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404. Multiple drugs: Serotonin syndrome, lack of efficacy and rebound effect: 2 case reports.
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PROPRANOLOL , *VENLAFAXINE , *TOPIRAMATE , *VALPROIC acid , *SYMPTOMS , *CAFFEINE , *IBUPROFEN - Abstract
This article discusses two case reports of women with chronic migraines who experienced lack of efficacy and serotonin syndrome (SS) while being treated with multiple drugs. The first patient had persistent headaches despite receiving various medications, and also developed mild SS. Discontinuation of cyproheptadine, a medication for SS, led to a rebound effect of SS symptoms. The second patient also had increased frequency of headaches despite receiving multiple medications, and developed SS. Both patients were successfully treated with cyproheptadine and had no further symptoms of SS during follow-up. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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405. The patient voice: valproate, topiramate and MHRA regulation.
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PEOPLE with epilepsy ,VALPROIC acid ,TOPIRAMATE ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,DECISION making - Abstract
A preprint abstract from medrxiv.org discusses the increasing restrictions on the use of valproate and topiramate due to government regulations, such as those of the MHRA. The study examines the perspectives of 19 people with epilepsy and their families on these restrictions, focusing on the direct harm caused by avoiding these medications, missed opportunities, and disruption of belief systems. The study recommends aligning the regulations with human rights and informed decision making. It is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
406. Multiple drugs: Lack of efficacy, off-label use and treatment noncompliance: case report.
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LISINOPRIL , *CANDESARTAN , *VENLAFAXINE , *TOPIRAMATE , *ALLOPURINOL , *CAFFEINE , *ATENOLOL - Abstract
This article discusses the case of an adult woman with a long history of migraines who experienced lack of efficacy with multiple drugs commonly used to treat migraines. The woman had tried various medications, including amitriptyline, topiramate, fluoxetine, botulinum-Toxin-A, and others, but none provided significant relief. She also exhibited treatment noncompliance by overusing galcanezumab. Despite trying off-label medications like carbamazepine and lorazepam, the woman continued to experience daily headaches with severe intensity. Overall, the article highlights the challenges of finding effective treatments for migraines in some individuals. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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407. Study on efficacy of topiramate: Impact on weight loss in obese patients
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Nithyakala, P, Sathyaprabha, G, and Venila, J
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- 2021
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408. COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF CARBAMAZEPINE VERSUS TOPIRAMATE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
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Ramish Tariq, Omer Sefvan Janjua, Sana Mehmood, Muhammad Usman Khalid, Khurram Jah Zafar, and Saad Hameed
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carbamazepine ,topiramate ,trigeminal neuralgia ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Carbamazepine versus Topiramate for the management of trigeminal neuralgia. Study Design: Comparative prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad Pakistan, from Nov 2017 to Nov 2018. Methodology: A total of 60 patients (30 in each group) were included. Group A was treated with Carbamazepine 100mg TDS and group B with Topiramate 25mg TDS. Visual analogue scale was used to access pain and was calculated at 1st visit (baseline), at 7th day, at 14th day and at 28th day. Results: Out of 60 patients, mean of age was 54.78 ± 8.49 years. Right and left side of the face was involved in 41 (68.3%) and 19 (31.7%) patients respectively. Maxillary branch was involved in 24 (40%) and mandibular branch was involved in 36 (60%) patients. The mean of visual analogue scale after 7 days in group A was 4.53 ± 0.93 and in group B was 7.1 ± 1.07, after 14 days mean of visual analogue scale in group A was 3.7 ± 1.02 and in group B was 4.03 ± 1.27. Mean of visual analogue scale after 28 days in group A was 3.27 ± 1.01 3.93 ± 1.28. The results were statistically significant with p-value of 0.03. Conclusion: Topiramate has comparable efficacy as that of Carbamazepine at dose of 75-100mg with lesser side effects. So Topiramate can be used as first line of treatment in trigeminal neuralgia.
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- 2021
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409. Topiramate induced bilateral hypopyon uveitis and choroidal detachment: a report of two cases and review of literature
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Mudit Tyagi, Shashwat Behera, Sirisha Senthil, Rajeev R. Pappuru, Vikas Ambiya, and Siddharth Dikshit
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Topiramate ,Inflammation ,Choroidal detachments ,Hypopyon ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Abstract Background Topiramate (TPM) is a drug commonly used by neurophysicians and psychiatrists for a plethora of indications. Topiramate has been reported to induce acute angle closure glaucoma as an adverse effect. However, there is limited literature on Topiramate causing hypopyon uveitis and intense ocular inflammation. It is imperative for ophthalmologists as well as physicians to be aware of the potential sight threatening ocular adverse effects of Topiramate. We report 2 rare consecutive cases of severe hypopyon uveitis and choroidal detachments after using Topiramate. Case presentation Two patients presented with sudden onset of angle closure, bilateral hypopyon uveitis and choroidal detachments. On reassessing a detailed treatment history, it was found that both patient were taking oral Topiramate which had been started 2 weeks before the onset of ocular symptoms. The bilateral hypopyon and angle closure were considered to be induced by Topiramate and the drug was discontinued. The patients were started on oral and topical steroids which led to resolution of hypopyon uveitis and choroidal detachments. The visual acuity improved and the intraocular pressure also got normalised in both the cases. Conclusions Topiramate can lead to a bilateral hypopyon uveitis and severe ocular inflammation. An urgent cessation of topiramate along with topical and systemic steroids is required to prevent serious complications.
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- 2021
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410. Development of orally dissolving films for pediatric-centric administration of anti-epileptic drug topiramate – A design of experiments (DoE) study
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Eman Zmaily Dahmash, Affiong Iyire, and Hamad S. Alyami
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Orally dissolving films ,Drug load ,Pediatric formulations ,Topiramate ,Solvent casting ,Design of experiment (DoE) ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Children have often been treated as small adults in relation to drug formulation, but research has now shown this not to be the case. Therefore, there is a push from regulatory bodies to provide drug formulations specifically tailored towards the needs of this fragmented population. Orally dissolving films (ODFs) have been identified as an emerging opportunity, to bridge this gap. Therefore, the aim of this study was to prepare ODFs containing topiramate, an antiepileptic drug, using solvent casting method as a potential alternative to oral tablets/powders for paediatrics. For this purpose, a Design of Experiment (DoE) was employed to optimise formulation parameters. 24 formulations were prepared by changing the polymer type (HPMC, Guar-Gum or PEO), concentration (0.4%-1.2%w/v); plasticizer type (glycerol/sorbitol) and concentration (0.1–0.3%w/v). Disintegration time, content-uniformity, film quality and thickness uniformity were the responses. Surface and molecular profiling were conducted on the optimal formulation (N4). TGA and XRD results demonstrated the stability of materials upon production into films, while the SEM images showed smooth films that proved to be resilient due to good mechanical properties. HPMC-glycerine based ODFs are presented as an effective dosage form to enhance the ease of administration and patient compliance of topiramate, specifically for paediatric patients.
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- 2021
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411. Pharmacological predictors of heart rate and conductivity disorders in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
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N. A. Shnayder, M. M. Petrova, K. V. Petrov, and R. F. Nasyrova
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cerebral-cardiac syndrome ,heart rhythm ,epilepsy ,juvenile myoclonic epilepsy ,sudden cardiac death ,sudden unexpected death in epilepsy ,antiepileptic drugs ,valproic acid ,levetiracetam ,lamotrigine ,topiramate ,zonisamide ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is the most common form of genetic generalized epilepsy. Patients with JME are at risk of life-threatening heart rhythm and conduction disorders as well as sudden death syndrome due to several potential mechanisms: genetic, clinical, neuroanatomical, pharmacological, psychological, comorbid. This lecture reviews important elements of knowledge about the pharmacological predictors of cerebral-cardiac syndrome and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. The arrhythmogenic potential of antiepileptic drugs most often used in JME (valproic acid, levetiracetam, lamotrigine, topiramate and zonisamide) is considered, none of which can be classified as class A (drug without risk of QT interval prolongation or TdP) regarding a risk of QT interval prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias. Patients with JME require dynamic video-electroencephalographic monitoring and 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring to reduce a risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
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- 2021
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412. Analysis of choroidal thickness on optical coherence tomography in a patient with sudden‐onset bilateral myopia, macular striae, and shallow anterior chamber after topiramate use.
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Vatwani, Kishore Kumar, Tripathy, Koushik, Agarwal, Rohit, and Bandyopadhyay, Gopal
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OPTICAL coherence tomography , *MYOPIA , *CHOROID , *ANTERIOR chamber (Eye) , *CHOROID diseases , *TOPIRAMATE , *CILIARY body - Abstract
Key Clinical Message: This patient presented with sudden onset myopia, shallow anterior chamber, and radial macular folds in both eyes after using topiramate. Ocular parameters including increased choroidal thickness normalized after cessation of topiramate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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413. Management of mal de debarquement syndrome as vestibular migraines.
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Ghavami, Yaser, Haidar, Yarah M, Ziai, Kasra N, Moshtaghi, Omid, Bhatt, Jay, Lin, Harrison W, and Djalilian, Hamid R
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Humans ,Motion Sickness ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Verapamil ,Nortriptyline ,Fructose ,Drug Therapy ,Combination ,Prospective Studies ,Quality of Life ,Travel ,Adult ,Aged ,Middle Aged ,Female ,Male ,Migraine Disorders ,Meniere Disease ,Visual Analog Scale ,Travel-Related Illness ,Topiramate ,MdDS ,mal de debarquement syndrome ,quality of life ,vestibular migraine ,Headaches ,Migraines ,Prevention ,Neurosciences ,Clinical Research ,Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision ,Chronic Pain ,Pain Research ,Clinical Sciences ,Otorhinolaryngology - Abstract
ObjectiveMal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS) is a balance disorder that typically starts after an extended exposure to passive motion, such as a boat or plane ride. Management is typically supportive (e.g. physical therapy), and symptoms that persist beyond 6 months have been described as unlikely to remit. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of patients with MdDS to management with migraine prophylaxis, including lifestyle changes and medical therapy.Study designProspective review.SettingAmbulatory setting at a tertiary care medical center.MethodsClinical history, detailed questionnaires, and audiograms were used to diagnose patients with MdDS. Those patients with the diagnosis of the MdDS were placed on our institutional vestibular migraine management protocol. Treatment response was assessed with a quality-of-life (QOL) survey and visual analog scale.ResultsFifteen patients were diagnosed with MdDS, with a predominance of females (73%) and a mean age of 50 ± 13 years. Eleven patients (73%) responded well to management with a vestibular migraine protocol, which included lifestyle changes, as well as pharmacotherapy with verapamil, nortriptyline, topiramate, or a combination thereof. In comparison, a retrospective control group of 17 patients demonstrated a lower rate of improvement when treated with vestibular rehabilitation and physical therapy.ConclusionManagement of MdDS as vestibular migraine can improve patients' symptoms and increase the QOL. Nearly all the patients suffering from MdDS had a personal or family history of migraine headaches or had signs or symptoms suggestive of atypical migraine.Level of evidence4 Laryngoscope, 127:1670-1675, 2017.
- Published
- 2017
414. Type A/Type B Alcoholism Predicts Differential Response to Topiramate in a Smoking Cessation Trial in Dually Diagnosed Men.
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Isgro, Melodie, Doran, Neal, Heffner, Jaimee L, Wong, Esther, Dinh, Elizabeth, Tibbs, Jessie, Russell, Katie, Bittner, Tracy, Wehrle, Chris, Worley, Matthew J, and Anthenelli, Robert M
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Humans ,Alcoholism ,Tobacco Use Disorder ,Fructose ,Diagnosis ,Dual (Psychiatry) ,Double-Blind Method ,Smoking ,Smoking Cessation ,Adult ,Middle Aged ,Outpatients ,Male ,Craving ,Topiramate ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Brain Disorders ,Tobacco ,Alcoholism ,Alcohol Use and Health ,Substance Abuse ,Prevention ,Clinical Research ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Tobacco Smoke and Health ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Stroke ,Cardiovascular ,Cancer ,Respiratory ,Good Health and Well Being ,Public Health and Health Services ,Psychology - Abstract
ObjectiveBabor's A/B typology characterizes alcohol-dependence subtypes, which differ across multiple defining variables; however, differences in cigarette smoking and cessation between these subtypes have not been previously investigated. Topiramate reduces heavy drinking and has separately been found to help non-alcohol-dependent individuals quit smoking. This study tested the hypothesis that topiramate's effects on smoking would be moderated by alcohol-dependence subtype, and explored craving as a mediator of this response.MethodOne hundred twenty-nine abstinent alcohol-dependent outpatient male smokers participated in this 12-week, randomized controlled trial comparing topiramate (maximum dosage 200 mg/day) with placebo, both with brief counseling, for smoking cessation. Participants were followed for 24 weeks following end of treatment.ResultsOf the 125 participants with sufficient subtyping data, k-means cluster analysis categorized 52 (42%) as Type A alcoholics and 73 (58%) as Type B. Types A and B did not differ on baseline smoking characteristics, urges to smoke, or smoking consequence scores. Longitudinal mixed-effects regression indicated that the effect of treatment on smoking was moderated by the Type × Time interaction. Specifically, during the nontreatment follow-up phase, Type B's treated with topiramate had relative suppressed levels of smoking compared with placebo-treated Type B's. This moderating effect of the Type × Time interaction was mediated by intention to smoke and craving related to relief of negative affect.ConclusionsType B alcoholics demonstrated suppressed levels of smoking in response to topiramate treatment as compared with placebo, but only during the nontreatment follow-up phase. This effect was mediated, in part, through intention to smoke and craving to smoke to relieve negative affect. Our findings extend other studies demonstrating a differential medication response by alcoholism subtype.
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- 2017
415. A Randomized Trial Evaluating Whether Topiramate Aids Smoking Cessation and Prevents Alcohol Relapse in Recovering Alcohol-Dependent Men.
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Anthenelli, Robert M, Heffner, Jaimee L, Wong, Esther, Tibbs, Jessie, Russell, Katie, Isgro, Melodie, Dinh, Elizabeth, Wehrle, Chris, Worley, Matthew J, and Doran, Neal
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Humans ,Alcoholism ,Tobacco Use Disorder ,Recurrence ,Fructose ,Double-Blind Method ,Smoking ,Smoking Cessation ,Adult ,Middle Aged ,Male ,Alcohol Abstinence ,Topiramate ,Alcohol ,Nicotine ,Relapse Prevention ,Clinical Sciences ,Psychology ,Neurosciences ,Substance Abuse - Abstract
BackgroundAlcohol and nicotine dependence frequently co-occur, and quitting smoking might enhance long-term alcohol abstinence. Topiramate appears to help non-alcohol-dependent individuals quit smoking, and our pilot work suggested efficacy only in men. It also prevents relapse to alcohol in recently detoxified alcoholics. We evaluated topiramate in abstinent alcohol-dependent men to assess whether this medication (i) promotes smoking cessation and (ii) prevents alcohol and other drug relapse in the context of smoking cessation treatment.MethodsOne hundred and twenty-nine alcohol-abstinent (mean ~6 months) alcohol-dependent male smokers (80% with other substance use disorders) participated in this 12-week randomized, double blind, parallel group comparison of topiramate (up to 200 mg/d) and placebo with a 24-week nontreatment follow-up period. The study was carried out sequentially at 2 academic centers in the Midwest and Southern California between March 23, 2009 and November 20, 2014. All participants received manual-guided smoking cessation counseling combined with medication-focused compliance enhancement therapy. Randomization was block designed by the research pharmacist in a 1:1 ratio. Participants, investigators, and research personnel were masked to treatment assignment. The primary smoking end point was biochemically confirmed 4-week continuous abstinence from smoking during weeks 9 to 12, while the secondary end point was relapse to any drinking or drug use during the entire 36-week evaluation period. Logistic regression was used to determine the effects of topiramate on quitting smoking and alcohol relapse, controlling for relevant covariates. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT00802412) and is now closed.ResultsOnly a small proportion (7.9%) of topiramate-treated participants were able to quit smoking, and this cessation rate was similar to placebo (10.6%; odds ratio = 1.60; 95% confidence interval 0.4, 6.5; p = 0.51). Roughly 30% of the sample had a documented relapse to drinking or drug use during the study, and these rates were similar in the topiramate (20/63; 31.8%) and placebo groups (18/66; 27.3%; p = 0.58). Results of a longitudinal logistic regression model examining time to any alcohol relapse revealed no medication effect.ConclusionsTopiramate at a daily dosage of up to 200 mg per day, combined with smoking cessation and medication adherence counseling, had no effects on smoking cessation or the prevention of alcohol or drug relapse in male smokers who were in early or sustained full remission from alcohol and motivated to make a quit attempt. Alternative approaches for treating this high-risk, dually dependent population are needed.
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- 2017
416. Angle-closure glaucoma, iris-lens contact, ciliochoroidal effusion, and transient myopia induced by topiramate
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T. V. Sokolovskaya, V. N. Yashina, and N. A. Mahno
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topiramate ,angle-closure glaucoma ,ciliochoroidal effusion ,transient myopia ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Topiramate is a sulphonamide derivative indicated in the treatment of epilepsy and migraine. In foreign scientific literature there are reported cases of topiramate-induced bilateral angle-closure glaucoma and acute myopia with ciliochoroidal effusion.Purpose. To evaluate outcomes of laser iridectomy in a patient with topiramate-induced angle-closure glaucoma and acute myopia with ciliochoroidal effusion.Material and methods. A case is reported of bilateral angle-closure glaucoma, iris-lens contact, ciliochoroidal detachment and acute myopia following topiramate for migraine treatment in a 32-year-old patient. Laser peripheral iridectomy was performed in the both eyes according to the standard technology (Nd:YAG laser Selecta Trio, Lumenis Ltd., Israel) to decrease IOP and restore visual functions.Results. After laser iridectomy, the examination showed normal IOP with no medication, ciliochoroidal effusion and induced myopic shift were relieved.Conclusion. Laser iridectomy is an effective and safe in the treatment of topiramate-induced angle-closure glaucoma, acute myopia, and ciliochoroidal detachment. It contributes to normalization of IOP and improvement of visual acuity.
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- 2021
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417. Migraine Treatment in ED
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- 2018
418. Topiramate's Effects on Heavy Drinking (TOPMRI)
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- 2018
419. Topiramate Augmentation in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
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Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical and Eric Hollander, Principal Investigator
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- 2018
420. FDA Approved Medication to Reduce Binge Eating and/or Purging
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Debra L. Safer, Associate Professor
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- 2018
421. Efficacy and Safety Study of BOTOX® Compared to Topiramate for the Prevention of Chronic Migraine in Adults
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- 2018
422. Defining the Clinical Role of Topiramate in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence in Australia
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National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia, University of Sydney, and Professor Paul Haber, Principle Clinical Investigator
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- 2018
423. Study of the Efficacy of Topiramate in Patients With Prader Willi Syndrome Over 8 Weeks (TOPRADER)
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- 2018
424. Pharmacovigilance in Gerontopsychiatric Patients (GAP)
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- 2018
425. Topiramate Treatment of Problem Drinkers
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National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), and Henry Kranzler, Professor of Psychiatry
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- 2018
426. Prospective Analgesic Compound Efficacy (PACE) Study (PACE)
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Kate McLellan, Study Director
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- 2018
427. Quantification of the Antidyskinetic Effect of Amantadine and Topiramate in Parkinson's Disease
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Kathryn Anne Chung, Associate Professor
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- 2018
428. Topiramate use during pregnancy: maximal delay, minimal actionability.
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Braillon, Alain
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TOPIRAMATE ,PREGNANT women ,QUALITY assurance ,PREGNANCY - Published
- 2024
429. Risk minimisation measures to prevent topiramate use during pregnancy: maximal delay, minimal actionability.
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Braillon, Alain
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PREVENTION of drug side effects ,RISK assessment ,TOPIRAMATE ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,PREGNANCY complications ,MEDICAL screening ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,DISEASE risk factors ,PREGNANCY - Published
- 2024
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430. Escherichia coli -polydopamine coated stir bar sorptive extraction combing with portable mass spectrometer for rapid and simultaneous detection of triphenylmethane residues in fishes.
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Cao, Jingya, Liu, Bailu, Tao, Zhihao, Liu, Fubang, Liu, Qilin, Li, Tianhua, Wen, Luhong, and Gan, Ning
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ESCHERICHIA coli , *MALACHITE green , *GRAM-negative bacteria , *GENTIAN violet , *TOPIRAMATE , *DOPAMINE , *MASS spectrometers , *DYE-sensitized solar cells - Abstract
[Display omitted] • A novel PDMS@PDA@ E. coli coated stir bar was prepared for specific extraction of TPMs. • A hand-held stir device is installed with the stir bar for on-site extraction of TPMs. • The assay can detect 4 TPMs with LOD of 0.13 μg/kg in aquatic samples within 30 min. Rapid, accurate, and simultaneous detection of triphenylmethane (TPM) residues and their metabolites in aquaculture products is vital to ensure the safety of aquatic products. In this study, a novel Escherichia coli (E. coli) engineering bacteria-polydopamine (PDMS@PDA@ E. coli) coated stir bar was prepared for the extraction and enrichment of malachite green (MG), leucomalachite green (LMG), crystal violet (CV), and leucocrystal violet (LCV), which are typical TPM drugs utilised in aquaculture. A PDMS stir bar was first modulated to show hydrophilic properties via plasma treatment to enhance the evenness and stability of PDA coating. Subsequently, the PDMS@PDA stir bar was adsorbed with E. coli to form PDMS@PDA@ E. coli coating, which showed enhanced extraction capacity and selectivity towards TPMs. These characteristics were due to the specific adsorption properties of TPM dyes by Gram-negative bacteria. A hand-held stirring device was installed with the stir bar for on-site extraction. To directly detect the eluted targets without separation, a portable mass spectrometer was utilised. Under the optimal conditions, the samples can be rapidly pretreated (within 30 min) and used for the analysis of 4 TPMs with a recovery of 77.8 %-97.0 % together with the detection limits of 0.13–0.38 μg/kg. These findings prove that the assay has potential application value and broad prospects for the on-site detection of TPM residues in fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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431. Retraction Notice to "Possible involvement of CREB/BDNF signaling pathway in neuroprotective effects of topiramate against methylphenidate induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in hippocampus of rats: Molecular, biochemical and histological evidences" [Brain. Res. Bull. 132 (2017) 82–98]
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Motaghinejad, Majid, Motevalian, Manijeh, Babalouei, Fatemeh, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Heidari, Mansour, and Madjd, Zahra
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OXIDATIVE stress , *CELLULAR signal transduction , *METHYLPHENIDATE , *BRAIN-derived neurotrophic factor , *TOPIRAMATE - Published
- 2024
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432. Topiramate
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Patsalos, Philip N. and Patsalos, Philip N.
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- 2022
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433. Topiramate-induced acute angle closure: A systematic review of case reports and case series.
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Al Owaifeer, Adi, AlSultan, Zahra, Badawi, Abdulrahman, Al Owaifeer, Adi Mohammed, AlSultan, Zahra Mohammed, and Badawi, Abdulrahman H
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MIGRAINE diagnosis , *ANTICONVULSANTS , *MIGRAINE , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *FRUCTOSE , *ANGLE-closure glaucoma , *ACUTE diseases - Abstract
Topiramate-induced acute angle closure (TiAAC) is a potentially vision-threatening side effect of topiramate (TPM) use. The purpose of this article is to review demographic characteristics, clinical features, and management options of TiAAC. A systematic literature search of all reported cases and case series of TiAAC was conducted in the following search engines: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Elsevier, and EBSCO. Seventy-three publications describing 77 cases were included. 58 (75.3%) patients were female, and the mean age was 34.88 ± 11.21 years (range, 7-57). The most commonly reported indication of TPM use was migraine headache (59.7%), and the mean duration from starting treatment until the onset of angle closure was 14.1 ± 31.5 days. All cases were managed by immediate cessation of TPM and topical therapy. In addition, systemic medications (carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, hyperosmotic agents, and steroids) were used in 51 patients (66.2%). A laser and/or surgical intervention was performed in 10 patients (13%). After commencement of treatment, the mean duration until the resolution of TiAAC was 3.9 ± 3.6 days (range, 1-18). The findings of our study present a summary of the current body of evidence provided by case reports and case series on TiAAC. In conclusion, the onset of angle closure following TPM use peaks at 2 weeks after initiating treatment, and in most cases, successful management can be achieved by discontinuing TPM and initiating appropriate medical therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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434. Effects of topiramate on inflammatory parameters in migraine prophylaxis.
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Özdemir, Hasan Hüseyin and Dönder, Ahmet
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MIGRAINE aura , *MIGRAINE , *TOPIRAMATE , *LYMPHOCYTE count , *C-reactive protein , *VISUAL analog scale - Abstract
Aim: Many medical agents are used in migraine prophylaxis. Topiramate is used as a first‐line treatment option for migraine prophylaxis. It has different side effects, but its effects on inflammatory markers are unknown. In this study, we investigate the effects of topiramate in neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) with migraine patients without aura. Method: In this retrospective study, 60 healthy controls and 78 patients who were followed up and had a diagnosis of migraine and took a topiramate therapy were evaluated pretreatment, 3rd, and 6th months after treatment. The number of days with pain, duration of pain, Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores of the patients were evaluated before treatment and during the controls. Results and Conclusions: A significant decrease was observed in the painful days, duration of pain, MIDAS, and VAS scores in the evaluations in the 3rd and 6th month periods after the initiation of topiramate. Thrombocytopenia developed in one patient, generalized paresthesia in two patients, and treatment was discontinued for these patients. NLR, PLR, and CRP values before the topiramate treatment were statistically higher than the values at 3rd and 6th months of treatment. Neutrophil, platelet, and lymphocyte counts also decreased during treatment. There was no statistically significant difference between inflammatory parameters and number of days with pain, duration of pain, MIDAS, and VAS scores. NLR, PLR, and CRP values decreased topiramate therapy. Studies are needed to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory effectiveness of topiramate in the treatment of migraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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435. Presumptive renal tubular acidosis secondary to topiramate administration in a cat.
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Centola, Steven J., Kaiman, Gregory, Rizzo, Kaila, Buriko, Yekaterina, and Burke, Jasper
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ACID-base imbalances , *TOPIRAMATE , *ELECTROLYTE analysis , *SPECIFIC gravity , *ACIDOSIS , *CATS , *PHENOBARBITAL - Abstract
Objective: To describe renal tubular acidosis (RTA) and secondary acquired hyperaldosteronism in a cat as an adverse effect of topiramate therapy. Case Summary: An 8‐year‐old neutered female cat on chronic oral topiramate therapy at a recommended dose (11.9 mg/kg q 8 h) for seizure control was presented with severe metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia. Plasma electrolyte and acid–base analysis identified a severe metabolic acidosis (pH 7.153, reference interval: 7.31–7.46), hypokalemia (2.08 mmol/L [2.08 mEq/L], reference interval: 3.5–4.8 mmol/L [3.5–4.8 mEq/L]), and ionized hypercalcemia (1.85 mmol/L [1.85 mEq/L], reference range: 1.1–1.4 mmol/L [1.1–1.4 mEq/L]). Urinalysis revealed a urine specific gravity of 1.021 and a pH of 7.0. Diagnostic workup suggested distal RTA as a cause of the cat's acid–base and electrolyte disturbances. Aldosterone concentration was moderately increased, suggestive of secondary hyperaldosteronism. The metabolic abnormalities resolved with supportive care and discontinuation of topiramate. New or Unique Information Provided: Topiramate is suggested to have led to the development severe RTA in a cat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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436. Gastroprotective effect of topiramate on indomethacin‐induced peptic ulcer in rats: Biochemical and histological analyses.
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Jafari, Abbas, Andishfar, Nafiseh, Esmaeilzadeh, Zeinab, Khezri, Mohammad Rafi, and Ghasemnejad‐Berenji, Morteza
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PEPTIC ulcer , *ANTICONVULSANTS , *TOPIRAMATE , *ANTIARTHRITIC agents , *GASTRIC mucosa , *DRUG efficacy , *STOMACH ulcers - Abstract
Topiramate is an anticonvulsant drug effective against a wide range of seizures and epilepsies. The present study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effect of topiramate on indomethacin‐induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. The animals were randomly distributed into four experimental groups with 10 animals in each group. Group 1 was the control group received vehicle only (DMSO at 1:4 (w/v)), group 2 was the model group received indomethacin (50 mg/kg; i.p.), and groups 3 and 4 received topiramate (100 mg/kg; i.p.) and ranitidine (100 mg/kg; i.p.), respectively, 1 h before indomethacin (50 mg/kg; i.p.). The efficacy of topiramate was compared with ranitidine. Animals were euthanized 4 h after indomethacin administration, and gastric tissues were collected for macroscopical, histopathological, and biochemical analyses. The mucosal lesions in the gastric corpus were evaluated by pathological examinations. The results revealed that the administration of indomethacin caused evident gastric mucosal damage with morphological and histological manifestation, whereas topiramate pretreatment extensively ameliorated the gastric injuries. Topiramate pretreatment also reduced the contents of tissue malonaldehyde, enhanced ferric reducing antioxidant power value and glutathione levels, and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in gastric mucosa compared to the model group. Our results indicate that topiramate might possess a protective role against indomethacin‐induced gastric ulcers by inhibition of oxidative stress in gastric tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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437. Molecular mechanisms of topiramate and its clinical value in epilepsy.
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Bai, Yun-Fei, Zeng, Chang, Jia, Miaomiao, and Xiao, Bo
- Abstract
Topiramate (TPM) is widely used as monotherapy or add-on therapy in adults and children (aged 2 to 16 years) with primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures or focal-onset seizures. TPM has also expanded its treatment spectrum to other seizure types and epileptic encephalopathies. Moreover, TPM has beneficial effects in some comorbidities of epilepsy such as migraine/headache and obesity. Interestingly, it also exhibited neuroprotective effects in several preclinical studies. The most common side effects of TPM are generally mild to moderate, including somnolence, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia and weight loss, which may be reduced through starting with a low dose and slowing titration to effective dosages. The mechanisms underlying the antiepileptic effect and adverse reactions of TPM have been extensively studied in the past 14 years since the last comprehensive review of TPM. Multiple mechanisms including but not limited to: (1) blockade of voltage-gated Na+ channels, (2) inhibition of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, (3) inhibition of glutamate-mediated neurotransmission, (4) inhibition of carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme, as well as (5) enhancement of GABA-mediated neurotransmission are involved in its antiepileptic effect. In this review, we aim to summarize the mechanisms, clinical benefits and adverse reactions of TPM in epilepsy treatment, and to briefly discuss the prospects of TPM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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438. Leki anorektyczne w farmakoterapii otyłości.
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Kamiński, Jakub, Gibuła-Tarłowska, Ewa, Orzelska-Górka, Jolanta, and Kędzierska, Ewa
- Abstract
Copyright of Family Medicine Forum / Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
439. Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of cluster headache.
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Schindler, Emmanuelle A. D. and Burish, Mark J.
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RISK factors of self-injurious behavior ,THERAPEUTIC use of monoclonal antibodies ,VERAPAMIL ,ADRENOCORTICAL hormones ,VAGUS nerve ,DIHYDROERGOTAMINE ,CONTINUING education units ,CIRCADIAN rhythms ,DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis ,LITHIUM carbonate ,MELATONIN ,BACLOFEN ,CLUSTER headache ,PSYCHOMOTOR disorders ,SUMATRIPTAN ,PAIN management ,DYSAUTONOMIA ,NEURAL stimulation ,TOPIRAMATE ,DISEASE risk factors ,SYMPTOMS - Published
- 2022
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440. Topiramato: neurofarmacología y versatilidad clínica.
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Mínguez-Olaondo, Ane
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CLUSTER headache ,NEURALGIA ,ESSENTIAL tremor ,MIGRAINE ,TOPIRAMATE ,EPILEPSY ,MOVEMENT disorders - Abstract
Copyright of Kranion is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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441. Topiramate Is Safe for Refractory Neonatal Seizures: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Risk.
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Vawter-Lee, Marissa, Natarajan, Niranjana, Rang, Kelly, Horn, Paul S., Pardo, Andrea C., and Thomas, Cameron W.
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ENTEROCOLITIS , *NEONATAL intensive care units , *TOPIRAMATE , *COHORT analysis , *DRUG side effects , *NEONATAL necrotizing enterocolitis , *RESEARCH , *NEONATAL diseases , *EPILEPSY , *RESEARCH methodology , *GESTATIONAL age , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *VERY low birth weight , *EVALUATION research , *COMPARATIVE studies , *SEIZURES (Medicine) , *LONGITUDINAL method , *DISEASE complications - Abstract
Background: A previously published, single-institution, case series suggested an association between topiramate administration in neonates and subsequent development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This contradicted our more extensive experiences using topiramate in this population. We therefore studied safety and tolerability of topiramate for treating refractory neonatal seizures, hypothesizing that the risk of developing NEC following topiramate exposure was low and that most infants tolerate topiramate.Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included seventy-five neonates who received topiramate to treat seizures from January 2011 to October 2019 at three geographically diverse level IV neonatal intensive care units affiliated with pediatric tertiary hospitals. Data included demographics, birth history, seizure etiology, treatment response, side effects, and occurrence and details of NEC.Results: Three of seventy-five infants (4%) developed NEC following topiramate exposure. These infants did not differ in gestational age, birth weight, seizure etiology, postmenstrual age, weight when topiramate was initiated, or dosing of topiramate. Topiramate was well tolerated. Only three infants (4%) discontinued due to side effects. The most common side effect (20%) was weight loss (typically <5%). Topiramate was felt to be efficacious (61%). Most infants (72%) continued topiramate when discharged.Conclusions: Our multicenter, 75-infant study demonstrated that development of NEC after treatment with topiramate was rare (4%) and refutes prior literature suggesting an association. Topiramate was felt to be efficacious and was well tolerated. Although limited by retrospective design, study data are broadly applicable and support thoughtful use of topiramate as a safe, reasonable option for treating refractory neonatal seizures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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442. Significant predictors for topiramate pharmacokinetics: a systematic review of population pharmacokinetic studies.
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Tippayachai, Patinee, Leelakanok, Nattawut, and Methaneethorn, Janthima
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KIDNEY physiology , *ONLINE information services , *CINAHL database , *BODY weight , *AGE distribution , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *EPILEPSY , *COGNITION , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *MEDLINE , *TOPIRAMATE , *CREATININE - Abstract
Background: Topiramate (TPM) is a second‐generation antiepileptic drug with a good pharmacokinetic profile; nonetheless, several factors such as age, renal function and concomitant medications have been reported to affect TPM clearance and dosage adjustments are necessary. Several population pharmacokinetic studies of TPM were developed and the results were partially inconsistent, with different predictors for TPM pharmacokinetic parameters and different structural models. Thus, we aimed to systematically summarise clinically significant covariates influencing TPM pharmacokinetics and clinical responses. Methods: PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Science Direct and SCOPUS databases were systematically searched from the date of their inception to May 2021. Studies conducted in humans employing a nonlinear mixed‐effects approach were included in this review. Information from retrieved articles were independently extracted using the prespecified data abstraction form. Results: Ten studies were included and most of them characterised TPM pharmacokinetics with a linear one‐compartment model. The estimated TPM clearance without covariate effects ranged from 1.15 to 2.25 L/h. Significant predictors for TPM clearance included concomitant medications, weight, age, creatinine clearance and TPM daily dose. Moreover, two studies reported the effect of TPM exposure on cognitive function, with limitations on the generalisability. Conclusions: Significant predictors for TPM clearance that are essential for individualising dosage regimens were concomitant medications, weight, age, creatinine clearance and TPM daily dose. High TPM levels had negative impacts on verbal fluency, working memory, attention and psychomotor speed; however, future studies with broader population characteristics are needed to increase generalisability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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443. Topiramate inhibits the proliferation of bladder cancer cells via PI3K/AKTR signaling pathway.
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Liu Chao, Shaoqi Zhang, Jianjun Zhang, Longjun Cai, Xiangyu Wang, Fanlai Meng, and Weiqi Cai
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CANCER cell proliferation , *CELLULAR signal transduction , *TOPIRAMATE , *BAX protein , *POLYMERASE chain reaction , *CANCER cells - Abstract
Purpose: To explore new treatment options for bladder cancer (BC) based on topiramate (TPM). Methods: The MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to determine the effect of topiramate on partial growth-related malignant phenotype of BC cells. Expression levels of apoptosis-related biomarkers and signaling pathway-related factors were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. In vivo experiments were conducted to investigate the role of TPM on tumor growth in mice with bladder cancer. Results: The MTT results showed that topiramate blocked the growth of BC cells (p < 0.05). Growth inhibition was positively correlated with TPM concentration. Flow cytometry results revealed that bladder cancer cell apoptosis rose with increase in TPM concentration, while the mRNAs of apoptosisassociated factors Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 were down-regulated in a concentration-based manner by TPM (p < 0.05). Western blot assay indicated that Bax and Caspase-3 proteins were up-regulated, and the higher the concentration of TPM, the more significant the protein expression levels (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Topiramate (TPM) slows down the rate of growth of BC cells and accelerates their rate of apoptosis through the regulation of P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, the compound has potentials for development as an anti-bladder cancer agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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444. TOP-PRO study: A randomized double-blind controlled trial of topiramate versus propranolol for prevention of chronic migraine.
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Chowdhury, Debashish, Bansal, Luv, Duggal, Ashish, Datta, Debabrata, Mundra, Ankit, Krishnan, Anand, Koul, Arun, and Gupta, Anu
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RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *PROPRANOLOL , *MIGRAINE , *COVID-19 pandemic , *TOPIRAMATE - Abstract
Objective: The aim of the TOP-PRO-study, a double-blind randomized controlled trial, was to assess the efficacy (non-inferiority) and tolerability of propranolol compared to topiramate for the prevention of chronic migraine. Background: Except for topiramate, oral preventive treatment for chronic migraine lacks credible evidence. Methods: Chronic migraine patients aged above 18 years and less than 65 years of age, not on any preventive treatment were randomly allocated to receive topiramate (100 mg/day) or propranolol (160 mg/day). The primary efficacy outcome was the mean change in migraine days per 28 days at the end of 24 weeks from baseline. A mean difference of 1.5 days per four weeks was chosen as the cut-off delta value. Multiple secondary efficacy outcomes and treatment emergent adverse events were also assessed. Results: As against the planned sample size of 244, only 175 patients could be enrolled before the spread of the corona virus disease-2019 pandemic and enforcement of lockdown in India. Of the 175 randomized patients, 95 (topiramate 46 and propranolol 49) completed the trial. The mean change in migraine days was −5.3 ± 1.2 vs −7.3 ± 1.1 days (p = 0.226) for topiramate and propranolol groups respectively. Propranolol was found to be non-inferior and not superior to topiramate (point estimate of −1.99 with a 95% confidence interval of −5.23 to 1.25 days). Multiple secondary outcomes also did not differ between the two groups. Intention to treat analysis of 175 patients and per-protocol analysis of 95 patients yielded concordant results. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups. Conclusion: Propranolol (160mg/day) was non-inferior, non-superior to topiramate (100mg/day) for the preventive treatment of chronic migraine and had a comparable tolerability profile. Trial Registration: Clinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2019/05/018997) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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445. Fremanezumab in individuals with chronic migraine who had inadequate response to onabotulinumtoxinA and topiramate or valproic acid.
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Ferrari, Michel D., Zuurbier, Karin W. M., Barash, Steve, Ning, Xiaoping, and Cohen, Joshua M.
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THERAPEUTIC use of monoclonal antibodies , *BOTULINUM toxin , *DRUG efficacy , *STATISTICS , *MIGRAINE , *CHRONIC diseases , *MONOCLONAL antibodies , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *DATA analysis , *TOPIRAMATE , *VALPROIC acid - Abstract
The article presents the discussion on Fremanezumab in individuals with chronic migraine showing inadequate response to onabotulinumtoxin A and topiramate or valproic acid. Topics include Fremanezumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG2Δa) selectively target calcitonin gene-related peptide; and treatment-by-subgroup interactions being assessed using an analysis of covariance model for the efficacy outcomes.
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- 2022
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446. Effect of Topiramate on Serum Etonogestrel Concentrations Among Contraceptive Implant Users.
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Lazorwitz, Aaron MSCS, Pena, Morgan BA, Sheeder, Jeanelle, Teal, Stephanie, Lazorwitz, Aaron, and Pena, Morgan
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LONG-acting reversible contraceptives , *CONTRACEPTION , *CONTRACEPTIVES , *TOPIRAMATE , *DRUG interactions , *CLINICAL trials , *STEROIDS , *CONTROLLED release drugs , *RESEARCH funding , *CONTRACEPTIVE drugs , *LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate topiramate and etonogestrel pharmacokinetic interactions in contraceptive implant users.Methods: We conducted a prospective, noninferiority study with healthy women using etonogestrel implants continuously for 12-36 months. We measured baseline serum etonogestrel concentrations and then began a 6-week titrated topiramate regimen to standard migraine (100 mg/day) and epilepsy (400 mg/day) dosages. We repeated serum etonogestrel concentrations at 3 weeks (100 mg/day), 4 weeks (200 mg/day), and 6 weeks (400 mg/day) of topiramate therapy. We measured etonogestrel using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem, mass-spectrometry assay and tested for noninferiority (less than 30% decrease) in serum etonogestrel concentrations from baseline.Results: We enrolled 48 total participants; 32 completed 3 weeks, 31 completed 4 weeks, and 27 completed all follow-up visits. Participants' median age was 25.3 years (range 18.3-37.2), median body mass index (BMI) was 25.5 kg/m2 (range 18.7-42.2), and median duration of implant use was 24 months (range 12-36). Median etonogestrel concentrations were 142 pg/mL (range 76.2-771) at baseline, 126 pg/mL (range 72.4-585) at 3 weeks, 119 pg/mL (range 65.6-542) at 4 weeks, and 105 pg/mL (46.2-859) at 6 weeks. The 95% CIs for mean percent change in serum etonogestrel concentrations from baseline were [-37.3%+16.9%], [-45.4%+5.2%], and [-66.8%+24.8%] at 3 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks, respectively. Excluding one participant who had a serum etonogestrel concentration less than 90 pg/mL at baseline, 30.8% of participants (8/26, 95% CI 14.3-51.8%) had a serum etonogestrel concentration less than 90 pg/mL at 6 weeks.Conclusion: Though only a mild enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drug, concomitant topiramate use led to inferior serum etonogestrel concentrations among implant users, with a significant proportion reaching etonogestrel concentrations below the threshold for ovulatory suppression when taking antiepileptic dosages of topiramate.Funding Source: This study was primarily funded through an Investigator-Initiated Study grant from Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp [MISP#57073]. This work was also supported by NIH/NCATS CTSA Grant Number UL1 TR001082 and NICHD K12 Women's Reproductive Health Research Scholar Program (grant number 5K12HD001271-18).Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03335163. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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447. The Structure-Activity Relationships of Familiar Antiepileptic Drugs and Na+ Channels.
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Cakmak, Esra Nur, Gur, Mahmut, and Kiran, Bayram
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STRUCTURE-activity relationships ,ANTICONVULSANTS ,TREATMENT of epilepsy ,MOLECULAR docking ,SODIUM channels ,TOPIRAMATE - Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of drug active compounds, which are widely used in the treatment of epilepsy, on voltage-gated Na+ channels are important channels that advance the action potential in the excitation direction by molecular docking method. These molecules have been selected considering the physiopathological effect mechanisms of epilepsy disease. When the action potential is stimulated, Na+ channels allow sodium ion entry into the cell and cause epilepsy seizures. For this reason, PDB ID: 4PA6 receptor, which acts as an antagonist according to its activity on the canal in the formation of epileptic seizures, was chosen for molecular docking study. As a result of molecular docking studies; Phenytoin gave the best binding affinity for 4PA6 with a value of -7.7 kcal/mol. Other results in descending order (as kcal/mol); Mesuximide (-7.5), Remacemide (-7.3), Tiagabine (-7.1), Ethotoin and Mephenytoin (-7.0), Primidone (-6.9), Topiramate (-6.6), Oxcarbazepine and Lamotrigine (-6.3), Felbamate (-6.0), Lacosamide (-5.9), Zonisamide (-5.8), Levetirecetam and Gabapentin (-5.7), Ethosuximide (-5.6), Trimethadion (-5.1), Valproic Acid (-5.0), Vigabatrin (-4.0), determined as. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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448. Simultaneous Determination of Lamotrigine, Oxcarbazepine, Lacosamide, and Topiramate in Rat Plasma by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.
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Qiu, Erjie, Yu, Lu, Liang, Qishun, and Wen, Congcong
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TANDEM mass spectrometry , *LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry , *LAMOTRIGINE , *VIMPAT , *TOPIRAMATE , *MATRIX effect , *ANTICONVULSANTS - Abstract
This study established an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to study the pharmacokinetics of four antiepileptic drugs, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, lacosamide, and topiramate, in rats after oral administration. The gradient elution was performed on a UPLC HSS T3 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.8 μm) column with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Protein precipitation by acetonitrile was adopted for plasma sample pretreatment. Electrospray- (ESI-) positive/negative ion switching and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes were adopted for ion quantitative determination of antiepileptic drugs. UPLC-MS/MS detection and Drug and Statistics (DAS) software fitting were performed to blood samples collected from rats after oral administration of lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, lacosamide, and topiramate (5 mg/kg). All drugs examined showed linearity within 5–5000 ng/ml (R2 > 0.9987), the intraday accuracy was within 92%–108%, and the interday accuracy was within 93%–109%. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of intraday and interday were less than 15%. The matrix effect was within 91%–105%, and the recovery was better than 88%. The established UPLC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, lacosamide, and topiramate in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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449. Novel Agents for the Pharmacological Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder.
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Burnette, Elizabeth M., Nieto, Steven J., Grodin, Erica N., Meredith, Lindsay R., Hurley, Brian, Miotto, Karen, Gillis, Artha J., and Ray, Lara A.
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DRUG efficacy , *NALTREXONE , *PRAZOSIN , *ACETYLCYSTEINE , *DRUG tolerance , *NARCOTIC antagonists , *ARIPIPRAZOLE , *ALCOHOL-induced disorders , *ACAMPROSATE calcium , *INDIVIDUALIZED medicine , *DOXAZOSIN , *DISULFIRAM , *BACLOFEN , *GAMMA-hydroxybutyrate , *ONDANSETRON , *VARENICLINE , *MIFEPRISTONE , *TOPIRAMATE , *GABAPENTIN - Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a highly prevalent but severely under-treated disorder, with only three widely-approved pharmacotherapies. Given that AUD is a very heterogeneous disorder, it is unlikely that one single medication will be effective for all individuals with an AUD. As such, there is a need to develop new, more effective, and diverse pharmacological treatment options for AUD with the hopes of increasing utilization and improving care. In this qualitative literature review, we discuss the efficacy, mechanism of action, and tolerability of approved, repurposed, and novel pharmacotherapies for the treatment of AUD with a clinical perspective. Pharmacotherapies discussed include: disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, nalmefene, topiramate, gabapentin, varenicline, baclofen, sodium oxybate, aripiprazole, ondansetron, mifepristone, ibudilast, suvorexant, prazosin, doxazosin, N-acetylcysteine, GET73, ASP8062, ABT-436, PF-5190457, and cannabidiol. Overall, many repurposed and novel agents discussed in this review demonstrate clinical effectiveness and promise for the future of AUD treatment. Importantly, these medications also offer potential improvements towards the advancement of precision medicine and personalized treatment for the heterogeneous AUD population. However, there remains a great need to improve access to treatment, increase the menu of approved pharmacological treatments, and de-stigmatize and increase treatment-seeking for AUD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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450. Post-treatment effects of topiramate on alcohol-related outcomes: A combined analysis of two placebo-controlled trials.
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Kranzler, Henry R., Feinn, Richard, Pond, Timothy, Hartwell, Emily, Gelernter, Joel, Crist, Richard C., and Witkiewitz, Katie
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TOPIRAMATE , *ALCOHOLISM , *SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms , *ALCOHOL drinking , *LIVER enzymes , *RESEARCH , *RESEARCH methodology , *CELL receptors , *FRUCTOSE , *EVALUATION research , *COMPARATIVE studies , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *BLIND experiment , *RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Topiramate reduces drinking and alcohol-related problems and is increasingly being used to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD). In a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of topiramate, rs2832407, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the GRIK1 gene moderated topiramate's effects (Study 1). However, a second RCT (Study 2) did not replicate the SNP's moderating effect during treatment. The current analysis combines data from these two studies to examine topiramate's effects on alcohol-related outcomes and on its pharmacogenetic moderation during a 6-month post-treatment period. This analysis includes 308 individuals with problematic alcohol use (67% male; mean age = 51.1; topiramate: 49%, placebo: 51%). It uses generalized linear mixed models to examine changes in self-reported alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems and concentrations of the liver enzyme γ-glutamyltransferase. The report combines published 3- and 6-month follow-up data from Study 1 with similar, unpublished data from Study 2. Despite robust effects of topiramate on drinking during treatment, the overall multivariate medication effects on outcomes during 3- and 6-month follow-up were not significant (p = 0.08 and p = 0.26, respectively). The moderating effect of the SNP on primary treatment outcomes was also not significant during either follow-up period (p = 0.13 and p = 0.16, respectively). However, during the 3-month post-treatment period, drinks per day was significantly lower in the topiramate group than the placebo group in the rs2832407*CC-genotype group. The robust effects of topiramate on alcohol-related outcomes during treatment diminish substantially once the medication is discontinued. Research is needed both to determine the optimal treatment duration and to identify clinically useful pharmacogenetic moderators of topiramate for treating AUD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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