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The paper outlines the role of e-government as the main action in order to reform Romanian public services. E-government is a critical constituent of the new information and knowledge-based society and in the last few years had an exponential evolution at the European Unions’ level. The findings of this study disclose that e-government is the main action to reform public services. Moreover, an advanced level of e-government services development is needed in order to transform the interactions between public administration and citizens or businesses. The study was conducted by combining a wide variety of sources, such as reports, regulations, and the national experience in developing e-government services. Our conclusion justifies the effort invested in developing e-government and also has relevance for policy making in Romanian public administration.

Анализ динамики макроэкономических показателей российской экономики за период 2009–2014 гг. показал, что постепенное снижение темпов экономического роста сопровождалось усилением диспропорций в сфере производства, снижением инновационной активности производителей, усилением проблем разбалансированности технико-технологических характеристик основных фондов и инве- стиций в основной капитал по базовым видам экономической деятельности. Развитие, основанное на экстенсивном использовании основных факторов, увеличение издержек производства снижали конкурентоспособность российской экономики. Расширение внутреннего потребительского спроса поддерживалось опережающим ростом заработной платы относительно производительности труда. Рост инвестиций в основной капитал не приводил к соответствующему повышению отдачи на единицу используемых ресурсов.

Traditional products represent an important component of the Romanian culture, of the Romanian identity, of the national heritage. In order to succeed imposing over fakes on the market, this product’s regime must be very well defined and regulated by the acting legislation. While also sanctioning those who produce the so called traditional products, for which they ask a price that is usually greater, offering – not in few cases, products which can affect the consumers’ health through their contents of additives or other substances that have no connection to the traditional preparation methods. The purpose of this paper was to review the main traditional Romanian products, by geographic area and finding the clients’ interest towards buying such products. The analysis is realised from the point of view of a sustainable development of this sector and by areas of provenience. In order to observe what types of traditional products are demanded on the market a research from secondary sources has been made, by analysing the information provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, in the period of 1 – 20 September, and also a direct marketing research realised in the virtual environment, which followed the investigation of the main dimension/characteristics of the consumers behaviour towards the traditional products that exist on the Romanian market.

In this paper we examine the diffusion of a hardware/software system. For such systems there is interdependence between the hardware adoption decisions of consumers and the supply decisions of software manufacturers. Hence there can be bottlenecks to the diffusion of the system which stem not from high prices but from the fact that the complementary product is not available. We consider the CD-industry and estimate the (direct) elasticity of adoption with respect to CD prices and (the cross) elasticity with respect to the variety of CD-titles. Our results show that the cross elasticity is indeed significant so that the presence of complementarities poses a serious bottleneck problem for the diffusion of the base product. We illustrate two applications of our methodology: (i) the business-policy question of how to subsidize a new base product which is contingent on a sufficiently large supply of complementary products & (ii) the public-policy question of what are the benefits of imposing backward compatibility on a new technology (e.g., high definition televisions).

Der Bereich Dienstleistungen macht mehr als 70% der deutschen Bruttowertschöpfung aus, jedoch ist die Konjunkturanalyse- und Prognose in diesem Wirtschaftsbereich noch sehr unterentwickelt. Ein Blick in die Literatur zeigt, dass die Forschung hier noch am Anfang steht und sich bisher diesem Bereich nicht angenommen hat. Der vorliegende Forschungsbericht stellt einen ersten Ansatz zur Schließung dieser Lücke dar. Zunächst wurden Indikatoren für sechs verschiedene Teilbereiche des Dienstleistungssektors auf ihre Prognoseeigenschaften identifiziert. Hier hat sich gezeigt, dass nur sehr wenige potentielle Indikatoren vorliegen und diese teilweise eine erst recht junge Historie haben. Auf Basis dieses Datenbestandes wurden eine statische und dynamische Korrelationsanalyse, Wendepunktprognosen und ein Prognosewettbewerb bzgl. Punktprognosen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse sind teilweise erfolgsversprechend, sind jedoch mit Vorsicht zu interpretieren, da der Evaluierungszeitraum teilweise sehr kurz war. Deshalb wurden neben den Einzelindikatoren auch die Eigenschaften von synthetischen Indikatoren untersucht. Diese wurden auf Basis verschiedener Aggregationsmethoden (Korrelationen und ökonometrische Gewichte) der Einzelindikatoren gewonnen. In der Korrelationsanalyse konnten keine signifikanten Verbesserungen erzielt werden, jedoch wurden für die Prognose für alle Referenzreihen teilweise erhebliche Verbesserungen mit den synthetischen Indikatoren erzielt im Vergleich zum besten Einzelindikator.

Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are seen to be a core sector of the so-called ‘knowledge economy’, and already play an important role in developed economies. They a both innovate themselves and provide their clients with knowledge and learning opportunities. This paper examines the status of KIBS in Russia, and explores some key issues in their role in innovation using data from surveys of KIBS firms and their clients in Russia. We note that KIBS are often highly customized, and many new services prove difficult to replicate. KIBS are closely tailored to solving the problems of specific customers, and thus these services typically involve KIBS consumers in a co-production process. Both the formal supplier and the formal user of the service are engaged together in service production, allowing for mutual knowledge transfers and learning. Using KIBS is shown to affect customers’ propensity to innovate, confirming the importance of this sector for the innovation system. Survey data suggest that the impact on innovation is, as a rule, positive and strong. The propensity to innovate in turn stimulates further consumption of KIBS, which is therefore the start of a self-sustaining growth mechanism of innovation activity. Similar consequences are conceptually associated with knowledge transfer in the course of co-production: consumers get both specialized and general knowledge, improving their skills and increasing the innovative capacities. This enables customers to better understand their own needs and encourages them to consume more customized KIBS in the future, and producing KIBS companies get the opportunity to become effective elements of innovation systems. Authorities should consider the possibility of fostering innovative development by supporting the sector in question.

The publication necessity of this paper it’s also owed to the absence of some answers about the evaluation way of the services dynamic, of some fields efficiency, others’ for making them able to attract labour force and for their contribution at life’s quality and at lasting development, for growing up their competitively etc.

International audience; Les problématiques de l'innovation dans les services, d'une part, et du développement durable, d'autre part, sont des préoccupations relativement récentes pour la théorie économique et les pouvoirs publics. Il s'agit désormais de questions centrales dont les enjeux scientifiques, économiques et politiques sont importants. Cependant, ces deux problématiques ont, pour l'essentiel, évolué de manière indépendante. Ce travail se propose de les articuler en s'intéressant à l'innovation dans les services et par les services et à l'entrepreneuriat d'innovation dans les services, dans leur relation au développement durable. Il espère ainsi contribuer à atténuer la conception industrialiste, technologiste, écologiste et curative du développement durable, paradoxalement encore dominante dans une économie des services.