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Background Proximity ligation-mediated methods are essential to study the impact of three-dimensional chromatin organization on gene programming. Albeit significant progress has been made in the development of computational tools that assess long-range chromatin interactions, next to nothing is known about the quality of the generated datasets. Method We have developed LOGIQA (www.ngs-qc.org/logiqa), a database hosting quality scores for long-range genome interaction assays, accessible through a user-friendly web-based environment. Results Currently, LOGIQA harbors QC scores for >900 datasets, which provides a global view of their relative quality and reveals the impact of genome size, coverage and other technical aspects. LOGIQA provides a user-friendly dataset query panel and a genome viewer to assess local genome-interaction maps at different resolution and quality-assessment conditions. Conclusions LOGIQA is the first database hosting quality scores dedicated to long-range chromatin interaction assays, which in addition provides a platform for visualizing genome interactions made available by the scientific community. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2642-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The permeation of hydrogen in steel in the presence of acid gases is not a simple phenomenon as the steel may contain trapping sites and also because the permeation may be governed by surface reactions associated with corrosion. Recently, hydrogen permeation experiments carried out at corrosion potential have shown a constant flux for various membrane thicknesses in the range 0.05-0.8 mm. This is in apparent contradiction with the Fick's laws of diffusion, predicting a diffusion flux inversely proportional to the thickness of the membrane. Such results confirm the possibility for permeation to be governed by surface reaction and not by the diffusion through steel: this situation corresponds to a thin membrane case. For thicker membranes it is expected that diffusion mechanisms through the steel is the rate determining step, so that the flux proportionality with the inverse of the membrane thickness is recovered. Nevertheless, it seems also that the limit between thin membrane and thick membrane situations is not universal, but depends strongly on the hydrogenating media: previous studies in sour service environments showed that 1 mm membranes could still be considered as thin, i.e. controlled by the interfacial fluxes rather than by the diffusion flux. All these results reveal the difficulty to express the flux for thicker steel membrane (i.e. pipe) from laboratory studies on thin membranes, as the classical rule (flux proportional to the inverse of the membrane thickness) is not always applicable and not conservative. This paper presents new permeation results, obtained on steel membranes up to 10mm thick. The transition between thin and thick membrane is clearly established, and is in the millimeter range in sour conditions. The necessity to adopt a new interpretative framework to link permeation measurements and hydrogen cracking mechanisms is reinforced. For thin membranes, the permeation flux is constant and governed only by the charging flux crossing the entry face. This surface mechanism is probably correlated with surface cracking mode, like SSC. On the other hand, the traditional concept of diffusion can only be used in thick membrane situations. The diffusion flux is inversely proportional to the sub-surface concentration. This concentration is in direct relation with the hydrogen activity in the steel, which is probably correlated with internal cracking modes, like HIC.

Many factors should be considered in order to understand properly how a mechanical input to the head can result in a determined type of head injury: the severity, the nature of the mechanical input, the impact location, the direction of this input, the age of the patient, his gender, anthropometrics and previous state, and also the treatment and recovery of the patient. Head injuries are either the most or second most commonly reported injuries to pedestrians struck by vehicles. Furthermore, among serious or life-threatening head and brain injuries far outnumber injuries to all other body regions. Around 40% of the adult head injuries are due to windshield impact. Windshield modeling is currently a challenge in head pedestrian protection, the way the windshield breaks introduces a significant change in the Head Injury Criteria, and this is due to the non-lineal fracture that the glass is presenting during the headform collision. In this paper a new model for windshield pedestrian impact is presented for optimizing experimental-simulation correlation. In this research a total of 90 experimental windshield test were performed, the head impacts were simulated using the software ANSA+PAMCRASH+META. The model was optimized through parametric adjustment methods. With this present model the average HIC deviation between testing and simulation has been reduced in average below 10%