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401. First Detection of Photons with Energy Beyond 100 TeV from an Astrophysical Source

Author

Amenomori, M., Bao, Y. W., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Xu, Chen, Y., Cirennima, Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, Qi, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Jin, H. B., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kato, S., Kawata, K., Kozai, M., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Lin, Y. H., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, M. Y., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Mitsui, H., Munakata, K., Nakamura, Y., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Sengoku, Y., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yagisawa, K., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, Z., Yuan, A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Amenomori, M., Bao, Y. W., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Xu, Chen, Y., Cirennima, Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, Qi, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Jin, H. B., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kato, S., Kawata, K., Kozai, M., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Lin, Y. H., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, M. Y., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Mitsui, H., Munakata, K., Nakamura, Y., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Sengoku, Y., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yagisawa, K., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, Z., Yuan, A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.

Abstract

We report on the highest energy photons from the Crab Nebula observed by the Tibet air shower array with the underground water-Cherenkov-type muon detector array. Based on the criterion of muon number measured in an air shower, we successfully suppress 99.92% of the cosmic-ray background events with energies $E>100$ TeV. As a result, we observed 24 photon-like events with $E>100$ TeV against 5.5 background events, which corresponds to 5.6$\sigma$ statistical significance. This is the first detection of photons with $E>100$ TeV from an astrophysical source., Comment: April 4, 2019; Submitted to the Physical Review Letters

Published
2019
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402. Search for gamma-ray emission from the Sun during solar minimum with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, Z., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. ., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, Z., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. ., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Abstract

The hadronic interaction of cosmic rays with solar atmosphere can produce high energy gamma rays. The gamma-ray luminosity is correlated both with the flux of primary cosmic rays and the intensity of the solar magnetic field. The gamma rays below 200 GeV have been observed by $Fermi$ without any evident energy cutoff. The bright gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV has been detected only during solar minimum. The only available data in TeV range come from the HAWC observations, however outside the solar minimum. The ARGO-YBJ dataset has been used to search for sub-TeV/TeV gamma rays from the Sun during the solar minimum from 2008 to 2010, the same time period covered by the Fermi data. A suitable model containing the Sun shadow, solar disk emission and inverse-Compton emission has been developed, and the chi-square minimization method was used to quantitatively estimate the disk gamma-ray signal. The result shows that no significant gamma-ray signal is detected and upper limits to the gamma-ray flux at 0.3$-$7 TeV are set at 95\% confidence level. In the low energy range these limits are consistent with the extrapolation of the Fermi-LAT measurements taken during solar minimum and are compatible with a softening of the gamma-ray spectrum below 1 TeV. They provide also an experimental upper bound to any solar disk emission at TeV energies. Models of dark matter annihilation via long-lived mediators predicting gamma-ray fluxes > $10^{-7}$ GeV $cm^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ below 1 TeV are ruled out by the ARGO-YBJ limits.

Published
2019
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403. The Event Horizon General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Code Comparison Project

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, European Research Council, Gauss Centre for Supercomputing, Department of Energy (US), Academy of Finland, European Commission, John Templeton Foundation, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Generalitat Valenciana, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, National Radio Astronomy Observatory (US), Japanese Government, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Leverhulme Trust, MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), National Key Research and Development Program (China), National Research Foundation of Korea, Spinoza Prize, South African Radio Astronomy Observatory, Swedish Research Council, Government of Canada, Russian Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Chandra X-ray Observatory, CyVerse, Compute Ontario, Calcul Québec, Compute Canada, Porth, O., Chatterjee, K., Narayan, Ramesh, Gammie, C.F, Mizuno, Yosuke, Anninos, P., Baker, J. G., Bugli, M, Chan, C. K., Davelaar, J., Zanna, L. D., Zensus, J. A., Tilanus, R. P. J., Koay, J. Y., Young, K., Boland, W., Gentaz, O., Rao, R., Kino, Motoki, Nagar, Neil M., Rygl, K. L. J., Matthews, L. D., Palumbo, Daniel C. M., Ros, E., Psaltis, D, Medeiros, L., Jiang, Wu, Natarajan, I., Fish, Vincent L., Honma, M., Lauer, T. R., Schuster, K. F., Koch, P. M., Zhao, G., Issaoun, Sara, Roy, A. L., Schloerb, F. P., Kim, J., Azulay, Rebecca, Akiyama, Kazunori, Oyama, T., Alberdi, Antxón, Wagner, J., Stone, J. M., Menten, K. M., Ripperda, B., Narayanan, Gopal, Karuppusamy, R., Piétu, V., Broguiere, D., Roelofs, Freek, Noble, S. C., Baczko, A. K., Ball, D., Yuan, Y. F., Sánchez-Arguelles, D., Wu, Q., Ho, P., Lindqvist, M., Koyama, S., Sánchez, S., Keating, G. K., Plambeck, R., Li, Y. R., Kelly, B. J., Markoff, S., Kramer, Michael, van Rossum, D. R., Marscher, Alan P., Yuan, F., Patel, Nimesh, Wardle, J., Alef, W., Lobanov, A. P., Rezzolla, L., PopStefanija, A., Bintley, D, Conway, J. E., van Langevelde, H. J., Bremer, M., Sasada, Mahito, Moscibrodzka, M., Toma, K., Raymond, A. W., Wielgus, Maciek, Titus, Michael A., Hecht, M. H., Rogers, A., Fomalont, E., Carlstrom, J. E., Savolainen, T., Britzen, S., Loinard, Laurent, Özel, F., Nagai, H., Zhao, Shan-Shan, Brinkerink, C. D., Ryan, B. R., Trent, T., Jannuzi, B. T., SooHoo, J., Tiede, Paul, Ikeda, S., Lo, W. P., McKinney, J. C., Byun, D. Y., Tazaki, F., Crew, Geoffrey B., De Laurentis, M., Blackburn, Lindy, Chen, Y., Pesce, Dominic W., Broderick, Avery E., Trippe, S., Deane, Roger, Inoue, M., Baloković, M., Tsuda, S, Doeleman, Sheperd S., Janssen, M., Rottmann, H., Rose, M., Falcke, H., Preciado-López, J. A, Lee, S.-S, Kramer, C., Wong, G. N., Krichbaum, Thomas P., Hesper, R., Fragile, P. C., Chael, A., Mishra, B., Shao, L., Gómez, José L., Marrone, Daniel P., Gurwell, M., Kim, J. Y., Christian, P., Neri, Roberto, Friberg, P., Hughes, D. H., Gu, M., Chatterjee, S., Zhu, Z., Desvignes, Gregory, Shen, Z., Wex, N., Prather, B., Karami, M., Tomei, N., Hada, Kazuhiro, Young, A., James, D. J., Kawashima, T., Olivares, Hector, Ni, C., Kuo, C. Y., Fraga-Encinas, R., Etienne, Z. B., Liu, K., Moriyama, K., Chen, M. T., Lonsdale, Colin J., Dempsey, J., Liska, M., García, Roberto, Ramakrishnan, V., Huang, C. W. L., Galison, P., Noutsos, A., Okino, H., Matsushita, S., Johnson, M. D., MacDonald, N. R., Wharton, R., Barrett, John, White, C.J, Jeter, B., Lu, Ru-Sen, Georgiev, B., Ruszczyk, Chester A., Freeman, B., Eatough, R. P., Younsi, Z., Weintroub, Jonathan, Bronzwaer, T., Martí-Vidal, Iván, Fromm, Christian M., Müller, C., Liuzzo, Elisabetta, Mizuno, I., Bouman, Katherine L., Mao, J., Goddi, Ciriaco, Nakamura, M., Roshanineshat, A., Li, Z., Gold, R., Jorstad, S., Cordes, J. M., Cho, I., Ho, Luis C., Brissenden, R., van Bemmel, I., Torne, P., Huang, L., Small, D., Rawlings, M. G., Jung, T., Kettenis, Mark, Bower, G. C., Pen, U. L., Cui, Y., Pu, H. Y., Sohn, B. W., Morán, J. M., Asada, Keiichi, National Science Foundation (US), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, European Research Council, Gauss Centre for Supercomputing, Department of Energy (US), Academy of Finland, European Commission, John Templeton Foundation, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Generalitat Valenciana, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, National Radio Astronomy Observatory (US), Japanese Government, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Leverhulme Trust, MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), National Key Research and Development Program (China), National Research Foundation of Korea, Spinoza Prize, South African Radio Astronomy Observatory, Swedish Research Council, Government of Canada, Russian Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Chandra X-ray Observatory, CyVerse, Compute Ontario, Calcul Québec, Compute Canada, Porth, O., Chatterjee, K., Narayan, Ramesh, Gammie, C.F, Mizuno, Yosuke, Anninos, P., Baker, J. G., Bugli, M, Chan, C. K., Davelaar, J., Zanna, L. D., Zensus, J. A., Tilanus, R. P. J., Koay, J. Y., Young, K., Boland, W., Gentaz, O., Rao, R., Kino, Motoki, Nagar, Neil M., Rygl, K. L. J., Matthews, L. D., Palumbo, Daniel C. M., Ros, E., Psaltis, D, Medeiros, L., Jiang, Wu, Natarajan, I., Fish, Vincent L., Honma, M., Lauer, T. R., Schuster, K. F., Koch, P. M., Zhao, G., Issaoun, Sara, Roy, A. L., Schloerb, F. P., Kim, J., Azulay, Rebecca, Akiyama, Kazunori, Oyama, T., Alberdi, Antxón, Wagner, J., Stone, J. M., Menten, K. M., Ripperda, B., Narayanan, Gopal, Karuppusamy, R., Piétu, V., Broguiere, D., Roelofs, Freek, Noble, S. C., Baczko, A. K., Ball, D., Yuan, Y. F., Sánchez-Arguelles, D., Wu, Q., Ho, P., Lindqvist, M., Koyama, S., Sánchez, S., Keating, G. K., Plambeck, R., Li, Y. R., Kelly, B. J., Markoff, S., Kramer, Michael, van Rossum, D. R., Marscher, Alan P., Yuan, F., Patel, Nimesh, Wardle, J., Alef, W., Lobanov, A. P., Rezzolla, L., PopStefanija, A., Bintley, D, Conway, J. E., van Langevelde, H. J., Bremer, M., Sasada, Mahito, Moscibrodzka, M., Toma, K., Raymond, A. W., Wielgus, Maciek, Titus, Michael A., Hecht, M. H., Rogers, A., Fomalont, E., Carlstrom, J. E., Savolainen, T., Britzen, S., Loinard, Laurent, Özel, F., Nagai, H., Zhao, Shan-Shan, Brinkerink, C. D., Ryan, B. R., Trent, T., Jannuzi, B. T., SooHoo, J., Tiede, Paul, Ikeda, S., Lo, W. P., McKinney, J. C., Byun, D. Y., Tazaki, F., Crew, Geoffrey B., De Laurentis, M., Blackburn, Lindy, Chen, Y., Pesce, Dominic W., Broderick, Avery E., Trippe, S., Deane, Roger, Inoue, M., Baloković, M., Tsuda, S, Doeleman, Sheperd S., Janssen, M., Rottmann, H., Rose, M., Falcke, H., Preciado-López, J. A, Lee, S.-S, Kramer, C., Wong, G. N., Krichbaum, Thomas P., Hesper, R., Fragile, P. C., Chael, A., Mishra, B., Shao, L., Gómez, José L., Marrone, Daniel P., Gurwell, M., Kim, J. Y., Christian, P., Neri, Roberto, Friberg, P., Hughes, D. H., Gu, M., Chatterjee, S., Zhu, Z., Desvignes, Gregory, Shen, Z., Wex, N., Prather, B., Karami, M., Tomei, N., Hada, Kazuhiro, Young, A., James, D. J., Kawashima, T., Olivares, Hector, Ni, C., Kuo, C. Y., Fraga-Encinas, R., Etienne, Z. B., Liu, K., Moriyama, K., Chen, M. T., Lonsdale, Colin J., Dempsey, J., Liska, M., García, Roberto, Ramakrishnan, V., Huang, C. W. L., Galison, P., Noutsos, A., Okino, H., Matsushita, S., Johnson, M. D., MacDonald, N. R., Wharton, R., Barrett, John, White, C.J, Jeter, B., Lu, Ru-Sen, Georgiev, B., Ruszczyk, Chester A., Freeman, B., Eatough, R. P., Younsi, Z., Weintroub, Jonathan, Bronzwaer, T., Martí-Vidal, Iván, Fromm, Christian M., Müller, C., Liuzzo, Elisabetta, Mizuno, I., Bouman, Katherine L., Mao, J., Goddi, Ciriaco, Nakamura, M., Roshanineshat, A., Li, Z., Gold, R., Jorstad, S., Cordes, J. M., Cho, I., Ho, Luis C., Brissenden, R., van Bemmel, I., Torne, P., Huang, L., Small, D., Rawlings, M. G., Jung, T., Kettenis, Mark, Bower, G. C., Pen, U. L., Cui, Y., Pu, H. Y., Sohn, B. W., Morán, J. M., and Asada, Keiichi

Abstract

Recent developments in compact object astrophysics, especially the discovery of merging neutron stars by LIGO, the imaging of the black hole in M87 by the Event Horizon Telescope, and high- precision astrometry of the Galactic Center at close to the event horizon scale by the GRAVITY experiment motivate the development of numerical source models that solve the equations of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD). Here we compare GRMHD solutions for the evolution of a magnetized accretion flow where turbulence is promoted by the magnetorotational instability from a set of nine GRMHD codes: Athena++, BHAC, Cosmos++, ECHO, H-AMR, iharm3D, HARM-Noble, IllinoisGRMHD, and KORAL. Agreement among the codes improves as resolution increases, as measured by a consistently applied, specially developed set of code performance metrics. We conclude that the community of GRMHD codes is mature, capable, and consistent on these test problems. © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Published
2019

404. Transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation (tES and TMS) for addiction medicine: A consensus paper on the present state of the science and the road ahead

Author

Ekhtiari, H., Tavakoli, H., Addolorato, Giovanni, Baeken, C., Bonci, Antonello, Campanella, Salvatore, Castelo-Branco, L., Challet-Bouju, G., Clark, V. P., Claus, E., Dannon, P. N., Del Felice, A., den Uyl, T., Diana, Maria Letizia, Di Giannantonio, Massimo, Fedota, J. R., Fitzgerald, P., Gallimberti, L., Grall-Bronnec, M., Herremans, S. C., Herrmann, M. J., Jamil, A., Khedr, E., Kouimtsidis, C., Kozak, K., Krupitsky, E., Lamm, C., Lechner, W. V., Madeo, G., Malmir, N., Martinotti, Giovanni, Mcdonald, W. M., Montemitro, C., Nakamura-Palacios, E. M., Nasehi, M., Noel, X., Nosratabadi, M., Paulus, M., Pettorruso, Mauro, Pradhan, B., Praharaj, S. K., Rafferty, H., Sahlem, G., Salmeron, B. J., Sauvaget, A., Schluter, R. S., Sergiou, C., Shahbabaie, A., Sheffer, C., Spagnolo, P. A., Steele, V. R., Yuan, T. -F., van Dongen, J. D. M., Van Waes, V., Venkatasubramanian, G., Verdejo-Garcia, A., Verveer, I., Welsh, J. W., Wesley, M. J., Witkiewitz, K., Yavari, F., Zarrindast, M. -R., Zawertailo, L., Zhang, X., Cha, Y. -H., George, T. P., Frohlich, F., Goudriaan, A. E., Fecteau, S., Daughters, S. B., Stein, E. A., Fregni, F., Nitsche, M. A., Zangen, A., Bikson, M., Hanlon, C. A., Addolorato G. (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Bonci A., Campanella S., Diana M., di Giannantonio M., Martinotti G., Pettorruso M., Ekhtiari, H., Tavakoli, H., Addolorato, Giovanni, Baeken, C., Bonci, Antonello, Campanella, Salvatore, Castelo-Branco, L., Challet-Bouju, G., Clark, V. P., Claus, E., Dannon, P. N., Del Felice, A., den Uyl, T., Diana, Maria Letizia, Di Giannantonio, Massimo, Fedota, J. R., Fitzgerald, P., Gallimberti, L., Grall-Bronnec, M., Herremans, S. C., Herrmann, M. J., Jamil, A., Khedr, E., Kouimtsidis, C., Kozak, K., Krupitsky, E., Lamm, C., Lechner, W. V., Madeo, G., Malmir, N., Martinotti, Giovanni, Mcdonald, W. M., Montemitro, C., Nakamura-Palacios, E. M., Nasehi, M., Noel, X., Nosratabadi, M., Paulus, M., Pettorruso, Mauro, Pradhan, B., Praharaj, S. K., Rafferty, H., Sahlem, G., Salmeron, B. J., Sauvaget, A., Schluter, R. S., Sergiou, C., Shahbabaie, A., Sheffer, C., Spagnolo, P. A., Steele, V. R., Yuan, T. -F., van Dongen, J. D. M., Van Waes, V., Venkatasubramanian, G., Verdejo-Garcia, A., Verveer, I., Welsh, J. W., Wesley, M. J., Witkiewitz, K., Yavari, F., Zarrindast, M. -R., Zawertailo, L., Zhang, X., Cha, Y. -H., George, T. P., Frohlich, F., Goudriaan, A. E., Fecteau, S., Daughters, S. B., Stein, E. A., Fregni, F., Nitsche, M. A., Zangen, A., Bikson, M., Hanlon, C. A., Addolorato G. (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Bonci A., Campanella S., Diana M., di Giannantonio M., Martinotti G., and Pettorruso M.

Abstract

There is growing interest in non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a novel treatment option for substance-use disorders (SUDs). Recent momentum stems from a foundation of preclinical neuroscience demonstrating links between neural circuits and drug consuming behavior, as well as recent FDA-approval of NIBS treatments for mental health disorders that share overlapping pathology with SUDs. As with any emerging field, enthusiasm must be tempered by reason; lessons learned from the past should be prudently applied to future therapies. Here, an international ensemble of experts provides an overview of the state of transcranial-electrical (tES) and transcranial-magnetic (TMS) stimulation applied in SUDs. This consensus paper provides a systematic literature review on published data – emphasizing the heterogeneity of methods and outcome measures while suggesting strategies to help bridge knowledge gaps. The goal of this effort is to provide the community with guidelines for best practices in tES/TMS SUD research. We hope this will accelerate the speed at which the community translates basic neuroscience into advanced neuromodulation tools for clinical practice in addiction medicine.

Published
2019

405. Accretion in strong field gravity with eXTP

Author

Polish Academy of Sciences, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, De Rosa, Alessandra, Uttley, P., Gou, L. J., Liu, Y., Bambi, C., Barret, Didier, Belloni, T., Berti, E., Bianchi, Stefano, Caiazzo, I., Casella, P., Feroci, M., Ferrari, V., Gualtieri, L., Heyl, J., Ingram, A., Karas, V., Lu, F.J., Luo, B., Matt, G., Motta, S., Neilsen, J., Pani, P., Santangelo, Andrea, Shu, X. W., Wang, J. F., Wang, J. M., Xue, Y. Q., Xu, Y. P., Yuan, W. M., Yuan, Y. F., Zhang, S. N., Zhang, S., Agudo, Iván, Amati, L., Andersson, N., Baglio, C., Bakala, P., Baykal, A., Bhattacharyya, S., Bombaci, I., Bucciantini, N., Capitanio, F., Ciolfi, Riccardo, Cui, W. K., D'Ammando, F., Dauser, T., Del Santo, M., De Marco, B., Linares, Manuel, Migliari, S., Miniutti, Giovanni, Polish Academy of Sciences, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, De Rosa, Alessandra, Uttley, P., Gou, L. J., Liu, Y., Bambi, C., Barret, Didier, Belloni, T., Berti, E., Bianchi, Stefano, Caiazzo, I., Casella, P., Feroci, M., Ferrari, V., Gualtieri, L., Heyl, J., Ingram, A., Karas, V., Lu, F.J., Luo, B., Matt, G., Motta, S., Neilsen, J., Pani, P., Santangelo, Andrea, Shu, X. W., Wang, J. F., Wang, J. M., Xue, Y. Q., Xu, Y. P., Yuan, W. M., Yuan, Y. F., Zhang, S. N., Zhang, S., Agudo, Iván, Amati, L., Andersson, N., Baglio, C., Bakala, P., Baykal, A., Bhattacharyya, S., Bombaci, I., Bucciantini, N., Capitanio, F., Ciolfi, Riccardo, Cui, W. K., D'Ammando, F., Dauser, T., Del Santo, M., De Marco, B., Linares, Manuel, Migliari, S., and Miniutti, Giovanni

Abstract

In this paper we describe the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission for studies related to accretion flows in the strong field gravity regime around both stellar-mass and supermassive black-holes. eXTP has the unique capability of using advanced “spectral-timing-polarimetry” techniques to analyze the rapid variations with three orthogonal diagnostics of the flow and its geometry, yielding unprecedented insight into the inner accreting regions, the effects of strong field gravity on the material within them and the powerful outflows which are driven by the accretion process. X-spinmeasurements.© 2018, Science China Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Published
2019

406. Knee of the cosmic hydrogen and helium spectrum below 1 PeV measured by ARGO-YBJ and a Cherenkov telescope of LHAASO

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D Amone, A., Danzengluobu, Mitri, I., D Ettorre Piazzoli, B., Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Piero Vallania, Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Zizzi, G., Bai, Y. X., Chen, M. J., Chen, Y., Feng, S. H., Gao, B., Gu, M. H., Hou, C., Li, X. X., Liu, J. L., Wang, X., Xiao, G., Zhang, B. K., Zhang, S. S., Zhou, B., Zuo, X., Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, Null, De Mitri, I., D'Ettorre Piazzoli, B., Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Guo, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Null, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Null, Zhaxisangzhu, Null, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Bai, Y. X., Chen, M. J., Feng, S. H., Gao, B., Gu, M. H., Hou, C., Liu, J. L., Wang, X., Xiao, G., Zhang, B. K., Zhang, S. S., Zhou, B., Zuo, X., ITA, Bartoli, Bruno, Bi, X. . j., Catalanotti, Sergio, Chen, S. . z., Chen, T. . l., Cui, S. . w., Dai, B. z, D’Amone, A., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, Feng, C. . f., Guo, Q. . b., Guo, Y. . q., He, H. . h., Iacovacci, Michele, Jia, H. . y., Li, H. . j., Liu, M. . y., Ma, L. . l., Ma, X. . h., Mari, S. . m., Ning, C. . c., Shen, P. . r., Sheng, X. . d., Tan, Y. . h., Wu, C. . y., Wu, H. . r., Yang, Q. . y., Yang, X. . c., Yao, Z. . g., Yuan, A. . f., Zhang, H. . m., Zhang, X. . y., Zhou, X. . x., Zhu, F. . r., Zhu, Q. . q., Bai, Y. . x., Chen, M. . j., Feng, S. . h., Gu, M. . h., Liu, J. . l., Zhang, B. . k., Zhang, S. . s., B., Bartoli, P., Bernardini, X. J., Bi, Z., Cao, S., Catalanotti, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, S. W., Cui, B. Z., Dai, D, A., ’, Amone, Danzengluobu, I. De, Mitri, D, B., Ettorre, Piazzoli, T. Di, Girolamo, G. Di, Sciascio, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Feng, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, H. H., He, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Hu, M., Iacovacci, R., Iuppa, H. Y., Jia, Labaciren, H. J., Li, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Liu, H., Lu, L. L., Ma, X. H., Ma, G., Mancarella, Mari, Stefano Maria, G., Marsella, S., Mastroianni, Montini, Paolo, C. C., Ning, L., Perrone, P., Pistilli, P., Salvini, R., Santonico, P. R., Shen, X. D., Sheng, F., Shi, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, C., Vigorito, H., Wang, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, L., Xue, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yang, Z. G., Yao, A. F., Yuan, M., Zha, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Zhao, Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, X. X., Zhou, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Zhu, Y. X., Bai, M. J., Chen, S. H., Feng, B., Gao, M. H., Gu, C., Hou, J. L., Liu, X., Wang, G., Xiao, B. K., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, B., Zhou, and Collaboratio, (LHAASO

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmic Ray, Helium, Spectral line, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Production (computer science), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Energy (signal processing), proton
Abstract

The measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum, in particular for individual species of nuclei, is an important tool to investigate cosmic ray production and propagation mechanisms. The determination of the ``knees'' in the spectra of different species remains one of the main challenges in cosmic ray physics. In fact, experimental results are still conflicting. In this paper we report a measurement of the mixed proton and helium energy spectrum, obtained with the combined data of the ARGO-YBJ experiment and a wide field of view Cherenkov telescope, a prototype of the future LHAASO experiment. By means of a multiparameter technique, we have selected a high-purity proton plus helium sample. The reconstructed energy resolution is found to be about 25% throughout the investigated energy range from 100 TeV to 3 PeV, with a systematic uncertainty in the absolute energy scale of 9.7%. The found energy spectrum can be fitted with a broken power-law function, with a break at the energy ${\mathrm{E}}_{k}=700\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}230(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}70(\mathrm{sys})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$, where the spectral index changes from $\ensuremath{-}2.56\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$ to $\ensuremath{-}3.24\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.36$. The statistical significance of the observed spectral break is 4.2 standard deviations.

Published
2015

419. Functionalized M2TiC2Tx MXenes (M = Cr and Mo; T = F, O, and OH) as high performance electrode materials for sodium ion batteries.

Author

Chen, Q. D., Yuan, S. F., Dai, J. H., and Song, Y.

Abstract

First-principles calculations were performed to study the electrochemical performance of M2TiC2 (M = Cr or Mo) and M2TiC2Tx (T = O, F or OH) used as anode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). The O functionalized MXenes (Cr2TiC2O2 and Mo2TiC2O2) are found to be more stable than F and OH terminated systems. The diffusion performance of sodium in MXene materials is mainly affected by the functional groups. The lowest diffusion barrier of functionalized MXenes is about one order larger in magnitude than that of bare MXenes. Although the introduction of O-groups hinders the diffusion of sodium, it can greatly improve the theoretical storage capacities. Meanwhile, the diffusion paths and diffusion energy barriers of Na are affected by Na concentration effects, while the interactions between terminations have little effect. Furthermore, multiple layers of sodium atoms are found to be adsorbed between the layers of M2TiC2O2, thus significantly increasing the theoretical capacities. The theoretical sodium storage capacities of M2TiC2O2 monolayers reach 515.70 mA h g−1 (M = Cr) and 362.46 mA h g−1 (M = Mo) and the OCVs can approach 0.034 V (M = Cr) and 0.042 V (M = Mo). Therefore, Cr2TiC2O2 and Mo2TiC2O2 are expected to be promising anode materials for SIBs due to their excellent properties, such as good electronic conductivity, low sodium diffusion barrier, and high theoretical sodium storage capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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420. Circular RNA circ_0000034 upregufates STX17 level to promote human retinoblastoma development inhibiting miR-361-3p.

Author

LIU, H., YUAN, H.-F., XU, D., CHEN, K.-J., TAN, N., and ZHENG, Q.-J.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Retinoblastoma (RB) is a common intraocular tumor of infancy and childhood. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are related to the development of RB. The purpose of this research was to reveal the functional mechanism of circRNA circ_0000034 in RB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were applied to determine the levels of genes. MTT assay and flow cytometry were employed to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis rate, respectively. Furthermore, cell migratory and invasive abilities were measured using the transwell assay. Mouse xenograft was conducted to analyze the effect of circ_0000034 on tumor growth in vivo. Besides, the interaction between miR-361-3p and circ_0000034 or syntaxin 17 (STX17) was predicted by starBase, and then, confirmed by the Dual-Luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. RESULTS: The levels of circ_0000034 and STX17 were increased and miR-361-3p level was decreased in RB tissues and cells. Circ_0000034 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, autophagy, and tumor growth, and induced apoptosis in RB. Circ_0000034 targeted miR-361-3p and miR-361-3p bound to STX17. Circ_0000034 overexpression and miR-361-3p knockdown reversed the effect of miR-361-3p upregulation and STX17 depletion on the growth of RB cells, respectively. Besides, circ_0000034 elevated STX17 level by repressing miR-361-3p expression. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that circ_0000034 knockdown suppressed the development of RB by the modulation of miR-361-3p/STX17 axis. Our findings provided a theoretical basis for the treatment of RB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

421. Pomegranate-like C@TiO2 mesoporous honeycomb spheres for high performance lithium ion batteries.

Author

Chen, Q, Yuan, Y F, Yin, S M, Zhu, M, and Cai, G S

Subjects
*LITHIUM-ion batteries, *HONEYCOMB structures, *CHEMICAL stability, *COMPOSITE materials
Abstract

Pomegranate-like C@TiO2 mesoporous honeycomb spheres have been synthesized through two simple steps: formation of TiO2 mesoporous honeycomb spheres and the coating of polypyrrole followed by carbonization. TiO2 mesoporous honeycomb spheres are of large specific surface area of 153 m2 g−1 and contain abundant mesopores, which leads to high electrochemical activity and good kinetic performance of TiO2. A layer of amorphous carbon shell with the thickness of 30–40 nm tightly encapsulates a TiO2 mesoporous honeycomb sphere, forming a novel pomegranate-like small sphere, which significantly improves electronic conductivity and structural stability of TiO2. Benefiting from the unique pomegranate-like structure, C@TiO2 mesoporous honeycomb spheres exhibit high specific capacity, stable long-term cycling performance and good rate capability as an anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). After 500 cycles at 1 C, the discharge capacity still reaches 184 mAh g−1. The electrochemical performance is superior to pure TiO2 mesoporous honeycomb spheres and most of the reported high-performance TiO2-based composites. This work provides a new high-performance TiO2-carbon-based composite material for LIBs as well as a new valuable research strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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422. Helix B surface peptide protects against acute lung injury through reducing oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Author

BI, X.-G., LI, M.-L., XU, W., YOU, J.-Y., XIE, D., YUAN, X.-F., and XIANG, Y.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinical problem with poor prognosis and high mortality. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of helix B position peptide (HBSP) on ALI and its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C57/BL6 male mice were used to construct ALI models by LPS tracheal injection and detect the effect of HBSP on mouse ALI by subcutaneously injecting HBSP. In addition, normal human lung epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) were cultured and stimulated with HBSP. Then, the effects of HBSP on oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in BEAS-2B cells were examined. Finally, the effect of HBSP on the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway was examined, and the mechanism of action of HBSP was verified using the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway inhibitor ML385. RESULTS: In vitro, HBSP increased the expression of SOD1/2 and decreased the expression of ERS-related molecules such as CHOP, GRP-78, and caspase-12, indicating that HBSP effectively reduces the level of oxidative stress and ERS in BEAS-2B cells. In addition, HBSP also increased the activity of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and ML385 reduced the protective effect of HBSP on BEAS-2B cells. In vivo, HBSP significantly reduced LPS-induced mouse ALI. W/D and inflammatory factors in the BALF of the mouse lung were significantly reduced and the level of oxidative stress was also reduced. CONCLUSIONS: HBSP plays an important role in relieving ALI by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, which reduces the level of inflammation in lung tissue and oxidative stress and ERS in lung epithelial cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

423. Room-temperature skyrmion phase in bulk Cu2OSeO3 under high pressures.

Author

Liangzi Deng, Hung-Cheng Wu, Litvinchuk, Alexander P., Yuan, Noah F. Q., Jey-Jau Lee, Dahal, Rabin, Berger, Helmuth, Hung-Duen Yang, and Ching-Wu Chu

Subjects
SKYRMIONS, MAGNETIC transitions, TRANSITION temperature, MICROWAVE devices, CRYSTAL lattices
Abstract

A skyrmion state in a noncentrosymmetric helimagnet displays topologically protected spin textures with profound technological implications for high-density information storage, ultrafast spintronics, and effective microwave devices. Usually, its equilibrium state in a bulk helimagnet occurs only over a very restricted magnetic field-temperature phase space and often in the low-temperature region near the magnetic transition temperature Tc. We have expanded and enhanced the skyrmion phase region from the small range of 55 to 58.5 K to 5 to 300 K in single-crystalline Cu2OSeO3 by pressures up to 42.1 GPa through a series of phase transitions from the cubic P213, through orthorhombic P212121 and monoclinic P21, and finally to the triclinic P1 phase, using our newly developed ultrasensitive high-pressure magnetization technique. The results are in agreement with our Ginzburg-Landau free energy analyses, showing that pressures tend to stabilize the skyrmion states and at higher temperatures. The observations also indicate that the skyrmion state can be achieved at higher temperatures in various crystal symmetries, suggesting the insensitivity of skyrmions to the underlying crystal lattices and thus the possible more ubiquitous presence of skyrmions in helimagnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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433. The electronic and magnetic properties of (Mn,N)-codoped ZnO from first principles.

Author

Zhao, L., Lu, P. F., Yu, Z. Y., Guo, X. T., Shen, Y., Ye, H., Yuan, G. F., and Zhang, L.

Subjects
ZINC oxide, DENSITY functionals, APPROXIMATION theory, ANTIFERROMAGNETISM, FERROMAGNETIC materials
Abstract

The electronic and magnetic properties of (Mn,N)-codoped ZnO are studied within the framework of the density functional theory, by using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof form of generalized gradient approximation. Five geometrical configurations of Mn doped ZnO are investigated and antiferromagnetic (AFM) properties of Mn doped ZnO are demonstrated. Furthermore, by investigating 13 geometrical configurations, for (Mn,N)-codoped ZnO, the ground state is changed from no-metallic AFM to half-metallic ferromagnetic, which is due to the strong hybridization between N 2p and Mn 3d states. In addition, the most stable configurations are found to be -O-Mn-N-Mn-O-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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434. Is gaming disorder related to psychological trauma? A scoping review.

Author

Fung, H. W., Cheung, C. T. Y., Lam, P., Yuan, G. F., Wong, M. Y. C., Ling, H. W.-H., Lam, S. K. K., Chau, A. K. C., and Lee, V. W. P.

Subjects
GAMING disorder, COMPULSIVE behavior, EMOTIONAL trauma, SOCIAL impact, TRAUMA-informed care
Abstract

Introduction: Gaming disorder has become a global concern and it could have a variety of health and social consequences. The trauma model has been applied to the understanding of different types of addictions as behavioral addictions can sometimes be conceptualized as self-soothing strategies to avoid trauma-related stressors or triggers. However, much less is known about the relationship between trauma exposure and gaming disorder. Objectives: To inform prevention and intervention strategies and to facilitate further research, we conducted the first scoping review to explore and summarize the literature on the relationship between trauma and gaming disorder. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on the Web of Science, Scopus and ProQuest. We looked for original studies published in English that included a measure of trauma exposure and a measure of gaming disorder symptoms, as well as quantitative data regarding the relationship between trauma exposure and gaming disorder. Results: The initial search generated 412 articles, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. All of them were cross-sectional studies, recruiting participants from both clinical and non-clinical populations. Twelve of them (80%) reported significant correlations between trauma exposure and the severity of gaming disorder symptoms (r = 0.18 to 0.46, p < 0.010). Several potential mediators, including depressive symptoms and dissociative experiences, have been identified. One study found that parental monitoring moderated the relationship between trauma and gaming disorder symptoms. No studies reported the prevalence of trauma or trauma-related symptoms among people with gaming disorder. Conclusions: There is some evidence supporting the association between trauma and gaming disorder, at small to medium effect sizes. Future studies should investigate the mediators and moderators underlying the relationship between trauma and gaming disorder. The longitudinal relationship between trauma exposure and the development of gaming disorder should be clarified. A trauma-informed approach may be a helpful strategy to alleviate gaming disorder symptoms. Disclosure of Interest: None Declared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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435. Galactic Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy in the Northern hemisphere from the ARGO-YBJ Experiment during 2008-2012

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Z. Y., Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruffolo, D., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Z. Y., Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruffolo, D., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Abstract

This paper reports on the observation of the sidereal large-scale anisotropy of cosmic rays using data collected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment over 5 years (2008$-$2012). This analysis extends previous work limited to the period from 2008 January to 2009 December,near the minimum of solar activity between cycles 23 and 24.With the new data sample the period of solar cycle 24 from near minimum to maximum is investigated. A new method is used to improve the energy reconstruction, allowing us to cover a much wider energy range, from 4 to 520 TeV. Below 100 TeV, the anisotropy is dominated by two wide regions, the so-called "tail-in" and "loss-cone" features. At higher energies, a dramatic change of the morphology is confirmed. The yearly time dependence of the anisotropy is investigated. Finally, no noticeable variation of cosmic-ray anisotropy with solar activity is observed for a median energy of 7 TeV.

Published
2018
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436. Zeeman-induced Gapless Superconductivity With a Partial Fermi Surface

Author

Yuan, Noah F. Q. PHYS, Le, Fuliang, Yuan, Noah F. Q. PHYS, and Le, Fuliang

Abstract

We show that an in-plane magnetic field can drive two-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled systems under the superconducting proximity effect into a gapless phase where parts of the normal state Fermi surface are gapped, and the ungapped parts are reconstructed into a small Fermi surface of Bogoliubov quasiparticles at zero energy. The charge distribution, spin texture, and density of states of such a "partial Fermi surface" are discussed. Material platforms for its physical realization are proposed. © 2018 American Physical Society.

Published
2018

437. Zeeman-induced gapless superconductivity with a partial Fermi surface

Author

Fu, Liang, Yuan, Noah F. Q., Fu, Liang, and Yuan, Noah F. Q.

Abstract

We show that an in-plane magnetic field can drive two-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled systems under the superconducting proximity effect into a gapless phase where parts of the normal state Fermi surface are gapped, and the ungapped parts are reconstructed into a small Fermi surface of Bogoliubov quasiparticles at zero energy. The charge distribution, spin texture, and density of states of such a “partial Fermi surface” are discussed. Material platforms for its physical realization are proposed., United States. Department of Energy. Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (Award DESC0010526), Research Grants Council (Hong Kong, China) (C6026-16W)

Published
2018

438. Maximally Localized Wannier Orbitals and the Extended Hubbard Model for Twisted Bilayer Graphene

Author

Fu, Liang, Yuan, Noah F. Q., Koshino, Mikito, Koretsune, Takashi, Ochi, Masayuki, Kuroki, Kazuhiko, Fu, Liang, Yuan, Noah F. Q., Koshino, Mikito, Koretsune, Takashi, Ochi, Masayuki, and Kuroki, Kazuhiko

Abstract

We develop an effective extended Hubbard model to describe the low-energy electronic properties of the twisted bilayer graphene. By using the Bloch states in the effective continuum model and with the aid of the maximally localized algorithm, we construct the Wannier orbitals and obtain an effective tight-binding model on the emergent honeycomb lattice. We find that the Wannier state takes a peculiar three-peak form in which the amplitude maxima are located at the triangle corners surrounding the center. We estimate the direct Coulomb interaction and the exchange interaction between the Wannier states. At the filling of two electrons per supercell, in particular, we find an unexpected coincidence in the direct Coulomb energy between a charge-ordered state and a homogeneous state, which could possibly lead to an unconventional many-body state., United States. Department of Energy. Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (Award DE-SC0010526), David & Lucile Packard Foundation

Published
2018

439. Unconventional Superconductivity and Density Waves in Twisted Bilayer Graphene

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Isobe, Hiroki, Yuan, Noah F. Q., Fu, Liang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Isobe, Hiroki, Yuan, Noah F. Q., and Fu, Liang

Abstract

We study electronic ordering instabilities of twisted bilayer graphene around the filling of n=2 electrons per supercell, where correlated insulator state and superconductivity have been recently observed. Motivated by the Fermi surface nesting and the proximity to Van Hove singularity, we introduce a hot-spot model to study the effect of various electron interactions systematically. Using the renormalization group method, we find that d or p-wave superconductivity and charge or spin density wave emerge as the two types of leading instabilities driven by Coulomb repulsion. The density-wave state has a gapped energy spectrum around n=2 and yields a single doubly degenerate pocket upon doping to n>2. The intertwinement of density wave and superconductivity and the quasiparticle spectrum in the density-wave state are consistent with experimental observations. Subject Areas: Condensed Matter Physics, Superconductivity, United States. Department of Energy. Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (Award DE-SC0010526), David & Lucile Packard Foundation

Published
2018

440. Search for Gamma-Ray Bursts with the ARGO-YBJ Detector in Shower Mode

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., D'Ettorre Piazzoli, B., Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., VALLANIA, PIERO, VERNETTO, Silvia Teresa, Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., ARGO-YBJ Collaboration, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, Null, Mitri, I. De, Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Sciascio, G. Di, Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Null, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Null, Zhaxisangzhu, Null, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Girolamo, T. Di

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, gamma-ray burst: general, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, general [gamma-ray burst], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Gamma ray, hep-ph, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Air shower, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ detector, located at the Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Laboratory (4300 m a. s. l., Tibet, China), was a full coverage air shower array dedicated to gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray studies. The wide field of view (~ 2 sr) and high duty cycle (> 86%), made ARGO-YBJ suitable to search for short and unexpected gamma ray emissions like gamma ray bursts (GRBs). Between 2007 November 6 and 2013 February 7, 156 satellite-triggered GRBs (24 of them with known redshift) occurred within the ARGO-YBJ field of view. A search for possible emission associated to these GRBs has been made in the two energy ranges 10-100 GeV and 10-1000 GeV. No significant excess has been found in time coincidence with the satellite detections nor in a time window of one hour after the bursts. Taking into account the EBL absorption, upper limits to the energy fluence at 99% of confidence level have been evaluated,with values ranging from ~ 10-5 erg cm-2 to ~10-1 erg cm-2., 24pages and 12 figures

Published
2017
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441. Superconductivity-Induced Ferromagnetism and Weyl Superconductivity in Nb-doped Bi$_2$Se$_3$

Author

Yuan, Noah F. Q., He, Wen-Yu, and Law, K. T.

Subjects
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

A recent experiment on Nb-doped Bi2Se3 showed that zero field magnetization appears below the superconducting transition temperature. This gives evidence that the superconducting state breaks time-reversal symmetry spontaneously and possibly be in the chiral topological phase. This is in sharp contrast to the Cu-doped case which is possibly in the nematic phase and breaks rotational symmetry spontaneously. By deriving the free energy of the system from a microscopic model, we show that the magnetic moments of the Nb atoms can be polarized by the chiral Cooper pairs and enlarge the phase space of the chiral topological phase compared to the nematic phase. We further show that the chiral topological phase is a Weyl superconducting phase with bulk nodal points which are connected by surface Majorana arcs., 5 pages, 2 figures; 3 pages of Supplementary Material. Comments are welcome

Published
2016

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