281 results on '"Wolff, François-Charles"'
Search Results
252. Grandchild Care Transfers by Ageing Immigrants in France: Intra-household Allocation and Labour Market Implications.
- Author
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Dimova, Ralitza and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
GRANDCHILDREN ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,LABOR supply ,INTERGENERATIONAL mobility ,RELIGION - Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Population is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
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253. New Technologies and the Gender Wage Gap.
- Author
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Moreno-Galbis, Eva and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
EMPLOYMENT discrimination ,WAGE differentials ,COMMUNICATION & technology ,INFORMATION technology ,EMPIRICAL research ,EMPLOYEES ,INCOME gap ,GENDER ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Industrial Relations / Relations Industrielles is the property of Universite Laval, Department of Industrial Relations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
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254. Evidence on the impact of child labor on child health in Indonesia, 1993–2000.
- Author
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Wolff, François-Charles and Maliki
- Subjects
CHILD labor ,CHILDREN'S health ,ECONOMIC surveys ,ECONOMIC indicators - Abstract
Abstract: Despite an abundant literature on child labor in developing countries, few papers have attempted to investigate the consequences of child labor on health. This paper explores whether child labor affects child health using data from the Indonesian Socio-Economic Surveys during the 1990s. For our empirical analysis, we restrict our attention to children currently enrolled in school and we use several discrete indicators for health. Our results show that child labor is associated negatively with health. We obtain this result by introducing labor participation as an exogenous covariate in the different health equations. Similar results are found once the work decision is instrumented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2008
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255. Does volunteer work pay off in the labor market?
- Author
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Prouteau, Lionel and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
- *
VOLUNTEER service , *LABOR supply , *LABOR market , *HUMAN capital - Abstract
Abstract: Focusing on the investment motive for volunteer work, this paper examines whether volunteer work has an economic payoff upon the labor market in France. Using a switching regression model with endogenous switching, we find that in the public sector volunteers receive a positive wage premium that does not influence their involvement, while the premium is negative in the private sector. We also find little evidence of the presence of alternative types of returns on the labor market, such as employment mobility or entry into the labor market. Our findings are more consistent with a consumption motive and we suggest that volunteering is carried out with a relational purpose. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2006
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256. Parental transfers and the labor supply of children.
- Author
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Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
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CONSUMPTION (Economics) , *LABOR market , *INCOME , *LABOR supply , *SCHOOL children , *CHILD labor - Abstract
To finance their personal consumption, children may rely on transfers in the form of pocket money made by their parents and on personal resources earned from labor market activities. In this paper that focuses on the interaction between these two sources of income, we consider a model of parental transfer where the child can choose his own income through labor supply. The parent commits to a transfer amount that the child takes as given. For our empirical analysis, we use a cross-sectional French survey that includes detailed information about pocket money from parents to schoolchildren. Using a maximum-likelihood method, we estimate a simultaneous-equations model and find that parental transfers do not significantly influence the child's labor supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2006
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257. Leaving Home in Europe: The Role of Parents’ and Children’s Incomes.
- Author
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Le Blanc, David and Wolff, François-Charles
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GUARDIAN & ward ,PARENT-child relationships ,INCOME ,HEADS of households ,FAMILIES ,HOME (The concept) - Abstract
This paper examines the role of parents’ and children’s incomes in the ‘leaving home’ decisions of young adults in Europe. Using the ECHP data on 11 European countries, results from random and fixed-effects models suggest that the leaving home decision is positively related to the child’s income. The effect of parents’ income is less clear and of lower magnitude. These patterns are broadly similar among European countries, in spite of significant differences in the institutional contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2006
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258. Le lieu d'enterrement des personnes nées hors de France.
- Author
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ATTIAS-DONFUT, Claudine and WOLFF, François-Charles
- Subjects
INTERMENT ,IMMIGRANTS ,MUSLIMS ,SOCIAL surveys - Abstract
Copyright of Population (00324663) is the property of Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2005
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- View/download PDF
259. European patterns of intergenerational financial and time transfers.
- Author
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Attias-Donfut, Claudine, Ogg, Jim, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Abstract
The ageing of the European population is expected to strongly influence both the structure of family relations and the pattern of private transfers between generations. Using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe conducted from the perspective of adults aged 50 and above in ten European countries, we provide an analysis of financial and time transfers, either given or received. Our results show that cash gifts mainly flow to the younger generations, while time transfers are directed both upwards and downwards. When comparing the countries, we find some remarkable similarity in the pattern of transfers, although there are inter-country differences. These differences sometimes follow the expected north-south European gradient, but not always. The results suggest that the social and demographic transformations currently taking place in Europe often have contradictory and paradoxical effects upon the nature of intergenerational exchanges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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260. Free Entry under Uncertainty.
- Author
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Jellal, Mohamed and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
RISK aversion ,ECONOMIC equilibrium ,INDUSTRIES ,RATIONAL expectations (Economic theory) ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
When focusing on firm’s risk-aversion in industry equilibrium, the number of firms may be either larger or smaller when comparing market equilibrium with and without price uncertainty. In this paper, we introduce risk-averse firms under cost uncertainty in a model of spatial differentiation and show that the impact of uncertainty will increase the number of firms in an industry. With increased uncertainty, the risk premium of the marginal buyer increases by more than the risk premium of the average buyer, so that the price increases by more than the risk premium. When turning to the free entry game, we find that the market generates too many firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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261. Relational Goods and Associational Participation.
- Author
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Prouteau, Lionel and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
INTERPERSONAL relations ,VOLUNTEER service ,ECONOMIC demand ,ORGANIZATIONAL behavior ,ENDOGENOUS growth (Economics) ,ECONOMETRICS - Abstract
In this paper, we focus on the role of interpersonal contact and the possibility of a relational motive to explain participation and volunteering in associations. Drawing on the relational goods theory, we show that associational activities are favorable to production and consumption of such goods. So, associational participants are expected to have more personal interactions. This theoretical hypothesis is tested using a cross-sectional data set conducted in France in 1999. Our econometric analysis, which controls for endogeneity of associational participation using a simultaneous equations model, emphasizes a significantly positive relationship between this participation and preferences for relational goods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
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262. Leaving Home as a Self-selection Device.
- Author
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Jellal, Mohamed and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
GUARDIAN & ward ,FAMILIES ,HEADS of households ,GIFT taxes ,SHARED housing ,PRIVACY - Abstract
We develop a model of intergenerational co-residence and transfers within the family in a setting of asymmetric information. Following an exchange motive, altruistic parents receive services from their children, who may make them financial gifts in return. However, parents do not know the privacy cost to children of home-sharing. Hence they make additional transfers in order to discipline their children and give them incentives to reveal their true privacy cost. We show that only children who stay at the parental home receive an informational rent, and that this rent is greater for recipients with a low privacy cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
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263. Insecure old-age security.
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Jellal, Mohamed and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
OLD age ,CHILDREN ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Explores the consequences of uncertainty on parental old age consumption on the demand for children in developing countries. Role of financial capital markets in influencing demand for children; Comparison of the two levels of fertility; Aspects of the old age security hypothesis.
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- 2002
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264. The local effects of an innovation: Evidence from the French fish market.
- Author
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Gobillon, Laurent and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
- *
SEAFOOD markets , *GAS prices , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *EVIDENCE - Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the effects of the Danish seine which was introduced for a subsample of vessels on a single wholesale fish market in France. The goal was to mitigate the decrease in vessel profits due to the rise of gasoline prices. Estimations are conducted from transaction data over the 2009–2011 period during which the innovation was introduced. Using a difference-in-differences approach around the discontinuity, we find that the innovation has a large positive effect on quality, prices and profit of treated vessels. However, a shift in caught fish species is observed and new targeted species are fished very intensively. This suggests that quota management is needed to ensure the sustainability of fishing practices involving the new technology in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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265. Immigrants at retirement: stay/return or 'va-et-vient'?
- Author
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De Coulon, Augustin, Wolff, François-Charles, De Coulon, Augustin, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Abstract
where labour considerations no longer matter, the location decisions are expected to depend not only on a comparison of standard-of-living between the origin and host countries, but should also be affected by the strength of family relationships. Assuming that migrants derive some satisfaction from contact and visits with other family members, we suggest that migrants may choose a third type of migration move beyond the standard stay/return decision called the ‘va-et-vient’ where individuals choose to share their time across the host and the origin country. In the empirical analysis, we test the determinants of the location intention at retirement using a recent data set on migrants currently living in France. We found that the migrant’s choice is significantly related to the location of other family members and that those determinants vary with respect to the different preferred choices.
266. Postponing retirement age and labor force participation: the role of family transfers
- Author
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Belan, Pascal, Messe, Pierre-Jean, Wolff, François-Charles, Belan, Pascal, Messe, Pierre-Jean, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Abstract
RésuméDans cet article, nous examinons les conséquences du recul de l’âge de départ en retraite dans un modèle à générations imbriquées avec production domestique et transferts intrafamiliaux sous la forme de temps de garde des petits-enfants. Nous montrons qu’une modification de l’âge de départ en retraite modifie le taux d’emploi des seniors, mais aussi celui des jeunes en raison d’interactions avec les transferts familiaux. Dans certains cas, un départ en retraite plus tardif peut accroître le temps que les grands-parents consacrent à leurs petits-enfants, ce qui augmente l’offre de travail des jeunes parents. Nous étudions alors les conditions sous lesquelles cette externalité familiale positive est valide. Enfin, nous analysons numériquement les conséquences du recul de l’âge de départ en retraite sur l’offre de travail des jeunes et des seniors selon la paramétrisation des fonctions de production domestique.Classification JEL : J26., In this paper, we examine the consequences of delaying retirement in an overlapping generations model with domestic production and parental transfers in the form of grandchild care. We show that a change in age at retirement influences the employment rates of both the young and the old. This interdependency stems from the provision of family transfers. Postponing retirement may increase time devoted to grandchild care transfers, which allows the young to work more on the labor market. We then study the conditions under which this positive family externality holds. Finally, using numerical simulations, we assess the consequences of delaying retirement on labor participation and account for public policy implications.JEL Classification: J26.
267. Dating as Leisure
- Author
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Flambard, Véronique, primary, Vaillant, Nicolas, additional, and Wolff, François-Charles, additional
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268. Contracting decisions in the crude oil transportation market: Evidence from fixtures matched with AIS data.
- Author
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Prochazka, Vít, Adland, Roar, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
- *
PETROLEUM transportation , *PETROLEUM , *TANKERS , *MARKETS , *HEAVY oil - Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the contracting behaviour of participants in the spot freight market for tankers by analysing the positioning of vessels at the time of fixture. For that purpose, we create a new dataset obtained by merging spatial ship positions, commercial fixtures and technical vessel specifications. Using quantile and quantile fixed effect regressions, we show how market conditions, vessel characteristics and charterers' preferences affect the fixture location. Our main result is that oil buyers secure tonnage earlier during strong tanker markets and that the geography of trade creates natural decision points that dominate in the spatial distribution of fixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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269. Does energy efficiency affect ship values in the second-hand market?
- Author
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Adland, Roar, Cariou, Pierre, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY consumption , *CONSUMERS , *SALES , *MARKETS , *ELASTICITY (Economics) - Abstract
This paper investigates whether the energy efficiency of vessels is reflected in sales prices in the second-hand market. Using unique data of nearly 1600 sales transactions over a 21-year period, we consider a hedonic pricing framework in which we control for market conditions, vessel specifications and buyers’ country of origin to identify the specific impact from energy efficiency. Using two indicators for energy efficiency, we find a negative relationship between energy efficiency and sale price with an elasticity around 0.4. Furthermore, our results show a reduction in the influence of energy efficiency on asset values during the drybulk market boom in 2003–2008 compared to the remainder of the sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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270. Is disability more discriminatory in hiring than ethnicity, address or gender? Evidence from a multi-criteria correspondence experiment.
- Author
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L'Horty, Yannick, Mahmoudi, Naomie, Petit, Pascale, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
- *
EXPERIMENTAL design , *EMPLOYMENT of people with disabilities , *POPULATION geography , *RACE , *EXECUTIVES , *PRIVATE sector , *SEX distribution , *COMPARATIVE studies , *HEARING disorders , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *PUBLIC sector , *EMPLOYMENT discrimination , *ETHNIC groups - Abstract
In this paper, we conduct a multi-criteria correspondence test to assess the extent of discrimination in access to employment against candidates with a hearing disability and compare it to three other potential grounds for discrimination: ethnicity, place of residence and gender. From October 2019 to February 2020, we sent 2315 applications to 463 job vacancies in the Paris region in France for two occupations, administrative managers and caregiver assistants, in both the private and public sectors. We find that discrimination on the grounds of disability is similar in scope to that found on the grounds of ethnicity in the profession of administrative manager, but discrimination against the disabled candidate is half that experienced by the North African candidate in the profession of caregiver assistant. Moreover, discrimination on the grounds of disability is twice as high in the profession of caregiver assistant, a role which requires more interaction with public, as in the profession of administrative manager. We do not find any evidence of a difference in callback rates based on place of residence or gender. Finally, we cannot conclude that hiring discrimination is systematically lower in the public sector than in the private sector, nor that being eligible for a public subsidy reduces hiring discrimination against the disabled candidate. • Multi-criteria correspondence experiment including disability. • Discrimination in hiring on the basis of hearing disability and ethnicity. • No discrimination in hiring on the grounds of gender or location. • Discrimination in hiring not always lower in the public sector. • Public subsidy does not appear to increase candidate with disability's success rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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271. Transferts et redistribution familiale collective
- Author
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François-Charles Wolff and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,[QFIN] Quantitative Finance [q-fin] - Abstract
Transfers and familial collective redistribution. The debate on the financing of pensions largely neglects the redistributive action of the family. Older generations make financial transfers both to their children and grandchildren in return for the pensions they receive. We suggest a collective model of private transfers which takes into account provisions to a family public good and where grandparents and parents give money to young adult households. We successively examine the possibility of a consensus between the donors, non-cooperative and Pareto efficient contributions to the children. The econometric results based on a French survey on solidarities within trigenerational families reject both the income pooling and the noncooperative cases, but not the efficiency hypothesis, revealing that retired grandparents play a significant role in the familial transfer system., Le débat sur le financement des retraites ignore largement l'action redistributrice de la famille. Les générations âgées versent en retour de leurs pensions des transferts financiers à la fois à leurs enfants et à leurs petits-enfants. Nous proposons un modèle de transfert collectif avec un bien public familial tel que les grands-parents et les parents versent de l'argent aux jeunes générations. On étudie successivement la possibilité d'un consensus entre les aidants, des contributions au bien public non coopératives au sens de Nash et efficaces. Les résultats économétriques obtenus à partir d'une enquête française sur des familles trigénérationnelles rejettent l'hypothèse de mise en commun des ressources et de non-coopération, mais ne sont pas incompatibles avec l'efficacité parétienne. Ils indiquent l'existence d'un pouvoir de décision propre pour les grands-parents retraités dans le système de transferts familiaux., Wolff François-Charles. Transferts et redistribution familiale collective. In: Revue économique. Numéro Hors Série, 2000. Les enjeux économiques du financement des retraites. pp. 143-162.
- Published
- 2020
272. The role of family incomes in cigarette smoking: Evidence from French students
- Author
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Ben Lakhdar, Christian, Cauchie, Grégoire, Vaillant, Nicolas Gérard, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
- *
INCOME , *PARENTS , *SMOKING , *STUDENTS , *SURVEYS , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Abstract: In this paper, we study the smoking behavior of students aged from 18 to 25 using four cross-section data sets collected in France from 1997 to 2006. We focus on the role played by student income and parental resources. We find that both the probability of smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked are positively correlated to family resources. Among students, only wages earned and transfers received from parents increase smoking participation. However, sensitivity to income remains weak since a rise of 1% in income of either the students or their parents leads to an increase in smoking prevalence of about 0.15–0.20%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
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273. Remittances after natural disasters: Evidence from the 2004 Indian tsunami
- Author
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Mitrut, Andreea and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
natural disasters ,Indonesia ,synthetic control ,remittances - Abstract
We examine the impact of the 2004 Indian tsunami on international remittance transfers using aggregate country data and synthetic control methodology. This procedure implies identifying the causal impact of the disaster by comparing the share of remittances to GDP in Indonesia, the country most affected by the shock, with a counterfactual group constructed using synthetic controls of countries that were not affected by the tsunami but that had a very similar pre-shock trend in international remittance flows. Our results indicate a large impact on remittances in Indonesia just after the tsunami, with 1.35 additional points in share of remittances to GDP in 2005 (compared to the synthetic control group). However, the gap in remittances observed between Indonesia and the synthetic control decreased steadily over the succeeding years and amounted to 0.5 percentage points in 2011. JEL: F24, Q54
- Published
- 2014
274. Effective cost of brain drain
- Author
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Bouoiyour, Jamal, Jellal, Mohamed, Wollf, François-Charles, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
Remittances ,asymmetric information ,jel:D82 ,jel:J61 ,migration ,Remittances, asymmetric information, migration ,jel:F22 ,[QFIN] Quantitative Finance [q-fin] - Abstract
In developing countries, remittances and intra-family private transfers sent by household members who migrate to more developed countries constitute a fundamental source of income and capital accumulation. Then, it is important to understand the motives of migrants who decide to remit back to their families. Drawing on the theory of labor migration under asymmetric information, we show that low-skilled workers are expected to provide higher amounts of remittances when remittances are motivated by self-interest. This transfer paradox is explained as follows. Since low skilled workers are likely to return home when informational symmetry is restored, the optimal remittance level is a decreasing function of the migrant's skill level since remittances may be seen as an implicit insurance, whose benefits are received only under migration return.
- Published
- 2003
275. Altruistic bequests with inherited tastes
- Author
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Mohamed Jellal, Francois-Charles Wolff, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
jel:Z13 ,jel:J2 ,inherited tastes ,altruism ,bequest ,risk aversion ,altruism,bequest, inherited tastes, risk aversion ,jel:D1 ,jel:D64 ,[QFIN] Quantitative Finance [q-fin] - Abstract
This paper examines the altruistic model of bequest when a child inherits life standard aspirations from his parents. We prove that the impact of the aspiration effect on transfers can be positive or negative, depending on both the strength of inherited tastes and the coefficients of risk aversion for the parent and the child. However, numerical illustrations indicate that the case for a negative effect is rather weak. Using a French data set on transfers within the family, we investigate how transmission habits affect the level of private assistance. We show that parents are more likely to help their children when they have themselves received money from their own parents. Hence, any public program that affects current transfers also influences family transfers in the future.
- Published
- 2002
276. Envois de fonds et pauvreté : le cas des Comores
- Author
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YOUNOUSSA, Imani, Lachaud, Jean-Pierre, Jégourel, Yves, Abessolo, Yves André, and Wolff, François-Charles
- Subjects
Bénéficiaires ,Pauvreté ,Envoi des fonds ,Comores ,Inégalités ,Migrants
277. On the ability of the SF-6D to capture the consequences of chronic illnesses on subjective well-being: Evidence from France.
- Author
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Tessier P and Wolff FC
- Subjects
- Humans, France epidemiology, Chronic Disease psychology, Female, Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, Middle Aged, Adult, Aged, Health Surveys, Surveys and Questionnaires, Happiness, Quality of Life psychology
- Abstract
Using cross-sectional data from a representative sample of the French population (the 2008 Disability Health survey), this paper examines whether the SF-6D, a widely used preference-based measure of health-related quality of life in economic evaluations, fully captures the variation in subjective well-being (SWB) due to chronic illnesses. We conduct a mediation analysis to disentangle the direct and indirect, through the SF-6D, effects of various chronic conditions on SWB (happiness). Our results show that the SF-6D reflects changes in happiness due to most illnesses except mental illness. Changes in SWB mediated by the SF-6D account for 74% of the total effect. The variation unexplained by the SF-6D is significant and increases substantially in the presence of multimorbidity when a chronic illness is combined with anxiety or depression. Overall, our results suggest that the SF-6D incompletely captures the subjective experience of chronically ill patients, especially those with comorbid conditions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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278. Cyclical behavior of hiring discrimination: evidence from repeated experiments in France.
- Author
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Challe L, L'Horty Y, Petit P, and Wolff FC
- Abstract
Our objective is to investigate if hiring discrimination in France has a cyclical nature using an innovative set of repeated correspondence tests. The methodology covers one type of job only, that of administrative manager, in both the private and public sectors, and two discrimination criteria, ethnic origin and place of residence. The empirical analysis is based on five waves of tests starting in 2015, covering the periods before, during, and after the first lockdown, with 4749 applications sent for 1583 job openings in total. Our results indicate that hiring discrimination based on the dual criteria of origin and place of residence has decreased in France since the mid-2010s, within the context of an improved labor market, but that it increased sharply during the Covid health crisis, in recessionary conditions, suggesting that it generally follows a counter-cyclical behavior. Overall, the temporal patterns of discrimination, as measured by callback rates, mirror those of the unemployment rate., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)
- Published
- 2023
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279. The short-term effects of retirement on health within couples: Evidence from France.
- Author
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Messe PJ and Wolff FC
- Subjects
- Aged, Family Characteristics, Female, France, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Spouses psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Diagnostic Self Evaluation, Retirement psychology, Spouses statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
This paper investigates the short-term effects of transition into retirement on health within couples using French household data. We rely on a semi-parametric difference-in-differences method to account for the endogeneity of the retirement decision. We compare the health trajectories of respondents who retire to those of respondents who remain employed over the same period after balancing their pre-retirement characteristics using a matching procedure. We also look at potential spillover effects within the couple by comparing health changes for spouses of respondents who retire to those of respondents who remain employed. We find that transition into retirement has a short-term beneficial effect on respondents' self-assessed health. Conversely, we fail to find any significant effect of respondents' retirement on their spouses' health., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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280. Does smoke cross the border? Cigarette tax avoidance in France.
- Author
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Ben Lakhdar C, Vaillant NG, and Wolff FC
- Subjects
- Commerce statistics & numerical data, Europe epidemiology, European Union, France, Geography, Humans, Internationality, Maps as Topic, Models, Econometric, Smoking economics, Smoking epidemiology, Tobacco Products statistics & numerical data, Commerce economics, Health Policy economics, Taxes economics, Tobacco Products economics
- Abstract
This paper examines the impact on cigarette sales of the successive increases in cigarette prices in France from 2002 to 2004. Since the price differential between France and neighboring countries increased over the period in question, cross-border purchases became more financially attractive for smokers living near borders. Results from difference-in-differences estimates indicate that the decrease in cigarette sales observed in French border departments was around 20 % higher from 2004 to 2007 compared to non-border departments. The loss of fiscal revenue due to cross-border shopping since the tax increase amounts to 2 billion euros over the period 2002-2007. Our findings highlight the need for improved coordination of policies aimed at reducing tobacco consumption across European Union countries.
- Published
- 2016
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281. The Roma vaccination gap: Evidence from twelve countries in Central and South-East Europe.
- Author
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Duval L, Wolff FC, McKee M, and Roberts B
- Subjects
- Adolescent, BCG Vaccine administration & dosage, Child, Child, Preschool, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine administration & dosage, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Europe, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine administration & dosage, Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral administration & dosage, Racism statistics & numerical data, Regression Analysis, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Health Services Accessibility statistics & numerical data, Roma statistics & numerical data, Vaccination statistics & numerical data, Vaccination Coverage statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Aim: To investigate differences in vaccination coverage between Roma and otherwise comparable non-Roma children, including factors associated with the vaccination gap, health care access and discrimination faced by Roma., Methods: We analyse data from the Roma Regional Survey 2011 implemented in twelve countries of Central and South-East Europe. Our sample comprises 8233 children aged up to 6 with 7072 Roma children and 1161 non-Roma children. Estimates of the Roma vaccination gap are estimated using Logit regressions., Results: We find that the Roma children have a lower probability of being vaccinated compared to non-Roma (odds ratio=0.325). The odds of being vaccinated for a Roma child is 33.9% that of a non-Roma child for DPT, 34.4% for Polio, 38.6% for MMR and 45.7% for BCG. These differences do not appear to be explained entirely by their worse socio-economic status. The ethnic gap narrows by about 50% once individual characteristics are controlled for, with odds ratios of 0.548 for DPT, 0.559 for Polio, 0.598 for MMR and 0.704 for BCG. The probability of being vaccinated increases with access to health care, especially when Roma have a doctor to approach when needed., Conclusions: Our findings point out a large difference in vaccination coverage between Roma and non-Roma and support the need for better understanding of factors influencing vaccination among Roma as well as policies that might improve services for Roma in Central and South-East Europe., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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- View/download PDF
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