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La Universidad de Córdoba es una organización de orden público Nacional, que en búsqueda de sus objetivos misionales de fortalecer el crecimiento y desarrollo Regional creó el Programa de Administración en Finanzas Y Negocios Internacionales (AFNI) establecido en el acuerdo 080 del 18 de diciembre de 2007. Como parte del proceso de investigación y extensión de la Universidad de Córdoba, se encuentra a cargo la Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Extensión, en ella se llevan a cabo procesos como avalar en primera instancia los proyectos a presentarse en convocatorias externas y convenios a realizarse con entidades externas en los temas de investigación y extensión y el proceso de solicitud de movilidad para Docentes y Estudiantes. En los últimos años las solicitudes realizadas por Docentes y Estudiantes de la Universidad de Córdoba han aumentado considerablemente, tanto así que las solicitudes se gestionan diariamente en la dependencia encargada; como estrategia para la agilización, modernización e innovación de este proceso, se pretende aplicar un proceso virtual mediante el cual el procedimiento de solicitud de movilidad mejore su cobertura, su calidad y trazabilidad para que así permita a docentes, Estudiantes y dependencias encargadas una mejor visión y accesibilidad a este proceso. DEDICATORIA 4 INTRODUCCIÓN 5 OBJETIVOS 6 OBJETIVO GENERAL 6 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 6 CAPITULO I DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA ENTIDAD 7 NOMBRE DE LA INSTITUCIÓN 8 MISIÓN 9 VISIÓN 9 ESTRUCTURA ORGANIZACIONAL (ORGANIGRAMA FUNCIONAL) 10 ACTIVIDADES DE LA ENTIDAD 13 CAPITULO II DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA DEPENDENCIA 14 ORGANIGRAMA DE LA DEPENDENCIA 15 FUNCIONES DE LA DEPENDENCIA 16 CAPITULO III ACTIVIDADES REALIZADAS DURANTE LA PRÁCTICA 18 DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 19 PLAN DE TRABAJO 24 DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA SITUACIÓN ACTUAL Y SU DIAGNOSTICO 24 JUSTIFICACIÓN 24 METODOLOGÍA 26 ACTIVIDADES REALIZADAS EN LA DEPENDENCIA POR EL PASANTE 27 CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES 28 DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LAS ACTIVIDADES 30 PROPUESTA DE MEJORAMIENTO 33 CONCLUSIÓN 37 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 38 ANEXOS 39 Pregrado Administrador(a) en Finanzas y Negocios Internacionales

This study aimed to explore the refusal strategies used by Saudi English as a foreign language (EFL) undergraduate students as well as to examine the relationship of these strategies to social status in the situations of request, invitation, offer, and suggestion. It provided an answer to the research question, what are the strategies used by EFL undergraduate students when performing the speech act of refusal and whether these strategies vary according to status in the situations of request, invitation, offer, and suggestion? The participants were 150 Saudi EFL students. Data were derived using a discourse completion task. It was composed of three request situations, three invitation situations, three offer situations, and three suggestion situations. Each of those situations consisted of a refusal to a person of a higher status, another one for a person of equal status, and finally one for a person of a lower status. Beebe et al. (1990) taxonomy was selected as the most comprehensive one for the analysis of refusal strategies. The results indicated that the most popular refusal strategies the participants used were the indirect ones, followed by the direct ones and then by adjuncts. The results also revealed that the participants refused differently in each of the four types of situations. On the other hand, the results showed that social status has no significant influence on their use of refusal strategies. Based on these findings, some recommendations for the integration of pragmatic teaching were suggested to foster pragmatic competence among undergraduate students

Gecelca S.A E.S.P es una prestigiosa empresa colombiana generadora y comercializadora de energía eléctrica. Esta empresa, dentro de su departamento de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial realiza labores sociales con comunidades de bajos recursos de varios departamentos de la región caribe con el fin de generar impactos en ellas. Este departamento (responsabilidad social empresarial) cuenta con un personal y un sistema especializado en atención para las peticiones y quejas la cual presenta problemas en sus tiempos de respuesta, en donde hay muchas solicitudes atendidas que superan el límite tiempo obligatorio de 15 días (a partir del día siguiente de la recepción de la solicitud) que establece la ley 1755, lo que dificulta el cumplimiento de la meta anual propuesta (alrededor del 90% de las solicitudes resueltas en menos de quince días en el año). Para mejorar estas condiciones, se tuvo en cuenta la revisión de artículos e investigaciones aplicadas a problemáticas similares y se asociaron a la aplicación de herramientas ingenieriles. Para ello, se utiliza la metodología Seis Sigma que, a través de sus etapas de definir, en donde se da una breve conceptualización del problema a tratar; medir, en donde se muestra cuantitativamente la profundidad de la problemática; analizar, en donde se analiza la causa raíz del problema a partir de herramientas estadísticas y analíticas; mejorar, en donde se propone la solución para el rediseño del sistema; y controlar en donde se asegura la continuidad del proceso. Para la etapa de mejora, se diseñan alternativas para llegar a un estado en el que se cumpla con el tiempo de respuesta acordado por el gobierno y se alcance la meta propuesta. Con esta metodología se pudo tomar muestras en donde se evidencia la disminución de la variabilidad del proceso y se proponen herramientas para evitar reprocesos. Gecelca S. A. E. S. P. is a colombian prestigious electricity generating and commercializing company. This company, into its Corporate Social Responsibility department, carries out social work with low income communities from many Caribbean region departments in order to generate high impacts on them. This department (Social corporate responsibility) has personnel and a system specialized in response to requests and complaints, which presents problems in their response times, where there are many requests attended, that exceed the mandatory time limit of 15 days (from on the day after the request is received) established by law 1755, which complicates to meet the proposed annual goal (about 90% of the applications resolved in less than fifteen days in the year). To improve these conditions, the review of articles and research applied to similar problems was considered and associated with the application of engineering tools. For this, the Six Sigma Methodology is used which, through its stages of defining, where there is a brief conceptualization of the problem to be treated; measuring, where the depth of the problem is quantitatively shown; analyzing, where the root cause of the problem is analyzed from statistical and analytical tools; improving, where the solution for the redesign of the system is proposed; and controlling where the continuity of the process is ensured. For the improvement stage, alternatives are designed to reach a state in which the response time agreed by the government is met and the proposed goal is reached. With this methodology, samples could be taken where the decrease in process variability is evidenced and tools are proposed to avoid reprocessing.

U ovom završnom radu prikazana je izrada aplikacije koja korisniku omogućava da upravlja verzijama programa. Za izradu aplikacije korišten je MS Access te je prikazan razvoj 3 različita programa te njihovih verzija. Aplikacija je podijeljena u 3 dijela, prvi dio korisniku omogućava da unese osnovne podatke poput statusa određenog korisničkog zahtjeva za pojedini program, mjesto implementacije, nefunkcionalni zahtjev i slično. Drugi dio služi za unos zahtjeva kod pojedinih verzija programa. Program koji prolazi kroz više verzija prije konačne verzije, sadrži različite korisničke zahtjeve u pojedinim verzijama. Napravljena je forma u kojoj se zapisuju korisnički zahtjevi i nefukncionalni zahtjevi za određeni program i verziju programa. Treći dio prikazuje izvještaje svih funkcionalnosti same aplikacije poput popisa svih korisničkih zahtjeva za pojedinu verziju jednog od programa., This paper shows the creation of application that allows the user to manage versions of the program. MS Access was used to create the application and shows the development of 3 different programs and their versions. The application is divided into 3 parts. The first part allows the user to enter basic information such as the status of a specific user request for a particular program, location of implementation and non-functional request. The second part is used to enter requests for individual versions of the program. A program that goes through multiple versions before the final version contains different user requirements in individual versions. A form has been created to record user requirements for a specific program and version of a program. The third part shows reports of all the functionality of the application itself, such as list of all user requests for each version of one of the programs.

Web application penetration testing always requires good preparation. Defining the customer's scope and expectations is essential for a successful test session. In addition to manual testing, automated tools are always used to help find the "low-hanging fruit". What is most important, however, is the tester's intuition., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20191024 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

Joseph Raz holds that, whereas a commander in issuing her command intends to impose an obligation on the commandee, a requester in making her request purports to create a pro tanto reason for the requestee through her act of request. Chapter 2 uses a series of examples to develop a set of “formal constraints on the concept of request” and then uses these constraints to argue that Raz’s account of request does justice to neither the relation between requester and requestee nor to that between a requester and her own request. The chapter then marshals elements from Kant’s ethics and Elizabeth Anscombe’s work on testimony in order to articulate an alternative conception of the normative structure of request, one according to which request should be understood in terms of a principle obligating requester and requestee to jointly harmonize their ends.

Kernel drivers have to be signed. Requirements have become more stringent with new versions of Windows. Windows 10 requires drivers signed by Microsoft. Drivers with signatures dated prior to July 2015 are still valid., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190919 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

A Raspberry Pi with a broadband connection can be deployed for stealthy internal network penetration testing. The Communication Channel can be secured using SSH. Encrypted containers should be used to secure data on the Raspberry Pi. Ensuring data integrity remains an issue on a partially unencrypted, unsupervised device., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190905 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

Tekom prakse v tretjem letniku sem bila priča upravičenim kritikam dela socialnih delavk na centru in hkrati predanemu, vestnemu in dobro opravljenemu delu socialnih delavk in delavcev, zato v tej diplomski nalogi raziskujem, katere kompetence, pridobljene na Fakulteti za socialno delo, so uporabne za delo na centrih za socialno delo in kakšne kompetence zahteva delovno okolje na centru od zaposlenih socialnih delavk in delavcev. V pregledu problematike se poglabljam v vprašanje kaj je socialno delo, predstavim predmetnik Fakultete za socialno delo in predvidene kompetence, ki bi jih študentje morali osvojiti, ter na kratko preletim zgodovino centrov za socialno delo in opredelim področja na centru. Raziskava je kvantitativna in kvalitativna. Preko spletne ankete sem zbirala kvantitativne podatke o tem, kako kompetentni se počutijo socialni delavci na centru za socialno delo glede na pridobljene kompetence iz študijskih let in kako uporabne so le-te za njihovo delo. Preko intervjujev pa sem želela ugotoviti, katere kompetence pričakuje center od zaposlenih socialnih delavcev in delavk za delovno mesto, ki ga opravljajo, ali te kompetence pridobijo na fakulteti in kakšne možnosti nadgradnje kompetenc jim ponuja center sam. Nekatere izmed hipotez, ki si jih zastavljam v raziskavi so tudi: (H2) Več kot polovica anketirancev, ki so opravljali prvo ali drugo stopnjo na Fakulteti za socialno delo, so vse oziroma večino osvojenih kompetenc pridobljene tekom študija lahko uporabili v praksi za delo na centru za socialno delo. (H3) Če bo povprečje uporabnosti specifičnih in splošnih kompetenc znašalo manj kot 2,5, pomeni, da so v povprečju splošne in specifične kompetence od še kar do zelo uporabne za delo na centru za socialno delo. (H4) Pri vprašanju o uporabnosti kompetenc bosta specifični kompetenci znanje in sposobnost pogovarjanja in znanje in sposobnost vzpostavljanje delovnega odnosa in osebnega stika dobili najnižje povprečje, kar pomeni da sta ti dve kompetenci najbolj uporabni za delo na centru. Raziskovalna vprašanja pa so (RV1) Katere kompetence zahteva določeno delovno mesto od socialne delavke na centru za socialno delo? (RV2) Ali so zahtevane kompetence za delovno mesto, na katerem je trenutno zaposlen socialni delavec ali delavka na centru za socialno delo, pridobljene na Fakulteti za socialno delo? Če ne, kje jih je pridobil? (RV3) Kako skrbi center za socialno delo za nadgradnjo kompetenc zaposlenih socialnih delavk in delavcev? Populacija, zajeta v raziskavo, so vsi socialni delavci in delavke na centrih za socialno delo po Sloveniji v obdobju od aprila do junija 2019, vzorec pa so vsi socialni delavci in delavke centrov za socialno delo Ljubljana Vzhod, ki je bil izbran neslučajnostno in priročno. Zdi se mi velik uspeh za Fakulteto za socialno delo, da so prve tri splošne in specifične kompetence, pri katerih se socialni delavci počutijo najbolj kompetentno, tudi kompetence, ki so najbolj uporabne za delo na centru za socialno delo, te so kritična in etična (samo)refleksija mišljenja in ravnanja, veščine komuniciranja in prepoznavanje in odzivanje na raznolikost. Daleč najbolj kompetentno se počutijo pri specifični kompetenci vzpostavljanja delovnega odnosa in osebnega stika, kar je tudi najbolj uporabna kompetenca od kompetenc pridobljenih na Fakulteti za socialno delo za delo na centru za socialno delo. Tri najmanj uporabne splošne kompetence in hkrati kompetence, pri katerih se socialni delavci počutijo najmanj kompetentno, pa so inovativnost, sposobnost mreženja, sposobnost delovanja v mednarodnem pluralnem in strokovnem okolju. Glavni manko diplomske naloge je majhno število udeležencev pri spletni anketi in dejstvo, da so trije intervjuvanci prihajali iz istega centra. Razlagam si, da je bil čas raziskovanja neustrezen za centre, saj se ravno v tem času soočajo s posledicami reorganizacije ter uvedbo Krpana. Glavni predlogi iz raziskave izhajajo, da bi bilo dobro v predmetnik na Fakulteti za socialno delo uvesti več predmetov iz prava in psihologije ter se bolj dotakniti in obravnavati teme kot so revščina, neprostovoljni uporabniki, alkoholizem in duševno zdravje. Over the course of the practice on a center of social work in the third year of undergraduate studies on Faculty of social work I witnessed hard working, dedicated social workers who were doing everything for the users good and at the same time I was a witness to the legitimate criticisms of the work of the social workers in the center of social work. Therefore, I decided to look deeper in how competent social workers are in the field of centers of social work. In this research I examine how competent do social workers feel based on the accomplished competences during the study on the Faculty of social work, which accomplished competences learned during education on the Faculty of social work are useful in the practice, how competent do social workers feel on their workplace in centers of social work, which competences does the center request for the social worker to have and how do centers provide the upgrade of competences. In the review of the problems I look deeper in the question what social work is, I take a look at the curriculum of the Faculty of social work and expected competences fort the students to accomplish. I take a brief overview of the history of centers for social work and I opt its fields. The survey is quantitative and qualitative. Through an online survey I collected quantitative data about how competent social workers feel in the center for social work regarding the competencies gained from the university study and how useful they are based on the workplace they are. Through the interviews, I strived to identify the competence centers of social work expect from their employed social workers and what are the possibilities of upgrading the competences by the help of centers. One of the hypotheses I put in the survey are: (H2) More than half of the respondents who studied on the undergraduate study on Faculty of social work or postgraduate course on the Faculty of social work, can all or most of the competences acquired during the course of the study use in the practice of the work at the centers for social work. (H3) If the average of specific and generic competences is less than 2.5, it means that on average the general and specific competences are very useful for the work of the center for social work. (H4) The question based on usefulness of the competences will show that the two generic competence being able to lead a conversation and the ability to establish a working relationship and personal contact are the most useful competence for the workspace in centers for social work. The research questions are (RV1) which competences does a specific workplace on centers for social work require? (RV2) Are the required competences earned during the education at the Faculty of social work? If not, where are they gained? (RV3) How do centers for social work provide the ability for the social workers to upgrade their competences? The population included in the study were all social workers on centers for social work in Slovenia in the period from April to June 2019. In the sample are gather all social workers from the centers of social work Ljubljana East, which has been selected on purpose. It seems to me to be a huge success for the Faculty of social work to be the first three objectives and the specific competencies in which social workers feel the most competent also the competencies that are most useful for the work in the center for social work. These competences are: critical and ethical (self -) reflection on the thinking and the behavior, skills of communication and recognition of and response to diversity. By far the most competent social workers feel with the specific competence in building a working relationship and personal contact. Three of the least useful general competencies and also the competencies in which social workers feel the least competent are innovativeness, the ability of networking, the ability to act in the international and professional environment and the ability to connect people and institutions for helping the user. The main deficit is in the tasks of the small number of participants in the on-line survey, and the fact that three of the interviewees came from the same center. I think it is due to the wrong time of researching because centers are nowadays facing with the consequences of the reorganization. A major preposition coming out of the research is to change the curriculum so the students of the Faculty of social work could learn more about law and psychology and to address more the topics such as poverty, non-voluntary users, alcohol and mental health.

Machine-to-machine communication plays an increasingly important role all the time. The interfaces necessary for this are often implemented with APIs in the form of web services. These data sources are often required for analytics. Splunk is a popular tool for tasks like these but doesn't have any built-in functions for accessing web service-based data sources., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190725 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

Understanding the techniques used in attacks helps in detecting them. MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Matrix includes actual attack statistics and techniques. Running it requires configuration of additional Windows audit settings. Correlations between events can be used to identify attacks., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190711 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

Treball Final de Grau en Criminologia i Seguretat. Codi: CS1044. Curs: 2018-2019 La problemática de los refugiados ha experimentado una gran evolución desde su consagración en textos internacionales. En el presente trabajo hablaré acerca del derecho de asilo. Expondré el significado y origen de este. Posteriormente comentaré algunos precedentes normativos que han marcado profundamente al derecho de asilo y comentaré brevemente la ley 12/2009, de 30 de octubre, reguladora del derecho de asilo y de la protección subsidiaria, explicando además cómo funciona el procedimiento de solicitud del asilo. Comentaré algunos de los peores actos que pueden sufrir o temer sufrir los solicitantes de asilo, como pueda ser la tortura, trata de seres humanos o violaciones. Además, desarrollaré aquellos colectivos que considero más susceptibles de sufrir las violaciones más graves de sus derechos. Estos son las mujeres refugiadas y aquellos colectivos que son perseguidos debido a su orientación sexual o su identidad de género. Por otro lado, expondré dos sucesos recientes especialmente graves, como son la crisis de los refugiados en Siria y las caravanas de refugiados en Centroamérica. Hablaré acerca de las organizaciones que velan por el cumplimiento del derecho de asilo y analizaré la situación actual del refugiado. Para finalizar expondré el funcionamiento del proceso de asilo en Castellón de la Plana, las deficiencias existentes y las posibles mejoras. The problem of refugees has evolved since its consecration in international texts. In the present work I will talk about the right of asylum. I will talk about the origin and meaning of this right. Below I will comment on some normative precedents that have deeply marked the right of asylum and I will talk briefly about the law 12/2009, of October 30, regulating the right of asylum and subsidiary protection, also explaining how the asylum request procedure works. I will comment on some of the worst acts that asylum seekers may suffer or fear suffering, such as torture, human trafficking or rape. I will talk about those group susceptible to suffer the worst violations of their rights. These are women and those groups that are persecuted because of their sexual orientation or gender identity. I Will expose two recent events that are especially serious, such as refugee crisis in Syria and the caravans of refugees in Central America. I will talk about the organizations that work for the right of asylum and I will analyze the current situation of the refugee. To finish, I will explain the operation of the asylum process in Castellón de la Plana, the existing deficiencies and possible improvements.

A range of sectors are discovering the possibilities afforded by augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI). We are conducting an internal research project to develop a tool for our penetration testers. The AR software automatically identifies potentially vulnerable products. It provides background information on the product and its vulnerabilities. Unique challenges that ultimately affect key aspects of the user experience came up during development., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190606 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo diseñar un modelo de simulación que establezca una política de gestión de inventarios con el fin de reducir los costos de pedido, de mantener existencias y de mejorar la disponibilidad de los productos de la ferretería Ponquifon. Este proyecto propone un sistema de inventario basado en un modelo de revisión continua, el cual establece parámetros que le indicarán al negocio la cantidad que debe ordenarse, el tiempo que estos tardan, el punto de reorden (ROP) y el inventario de seguridad (SS). Esto, sujeto al comportamiento de la demanda de las referencias seleccionadas como objeto de estudio, con el fin de satisfacerla. Se realizó una clasificación ABC de los productos en inventario para determinar cuáles referencias debían controlarse con más detalle; luego, se estableció la política a seguir para cada una de esas referencias con base en un modelo de revisión continua y con el fin de disminuir los costos totales del negocio. Así mismo, se hizo una comparación y evaluación del modelo actual con respecto al propuesto mediante una simulación a través del software Arena. Los resultados indican que el modelo de inventario propuesto genera un ahorro del 37% de los costos totales anuales con respecto al sistema actual, reduciendo así los costos relacionados con hacer un pedido y de mantener inventario. Con esta propuesta, se impacta positivamente el tiempo de respuesta de los clientes, aumentando así su satisfacción y de la misma manera produciendo un aumento en la utilidad de la empresa. The objective of this project is to design a simulation model that establishes an inventory management policy in order to reduce order costs, maintain inventories and improve the availability of products from the Ponquifon hardware store. This project proposes an inventory system based on a continuous review model, which establishes parameters that will indicate the quantity Q to be ordered, the lead time, the reorder point (ROP) and the safety inventory (SS). This, subject to the behavior of the demand of the selected references as object of study, in order to satisfy it. An ABC classification of the products in inventory was made to determine which references should be controlled in more detail. Later, based on a continuous review model a policy to be followed for each of these references was established in order to reduce the total costs of the company. Likewise, a comparison and evaluation of the current model respect to the proposed one was made through a simulation in Arena. The results indicate that the proposed inventory model generates a 37% of savings of the total annual costs respect to the current system, thus reducing the costs associated with submitting an order and holding a stock. With this proposal, the response time of the clients is positively impacted, thus increasing their satisfaction and at the same time generating revenues for the company.

JSON Web Tokens are base64url-encoded and have a rigid structure. A token can sometimes be manipulated using the algorithm definition "none". Hashcat can be used to crack weak secrets by brute force. Access and refresh tokens should have mutual ownership and be verified based on this., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190523 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

BackgroundUnbearable suffering is a key criterion in legally granting patients' euthanasia requests in Belgium yet a generally accepted definition of unbearable suffering remains elusive. The ability to understand and assess unbearable suffering is essential, particularly in patients with psychiatric conditions, as the underlying causes of these conditions are not always apparent. To enable research into when and why suffering experiences incite patients with psychiatric conditions to request euthanasia, and to help explore preventive and curative perspectives, the development of an assessment instrument is needed.AimsTo improve the cognitive validity of a large initial item pool used to assess the nature and extent of suffering in patients with psychiatric conditions.MethodCognitive validity was established via two rounds of cognitive interviews with patients with psychiatric conditions with (n = 9) and without (n = 5) euthanasia requests.ResultsDuring the first round of cognitive interviews, a variety of issues relating to content, form and language were reported and aspects that were missing were identified. During the second round, the items that had been amended were perceived as sufficiently easily to understand, sensitive to delicate nuances, comprehensive and easy to answer accurately. Neither research topic nor method were perceived as emotionally strenuous, but instead as positive, relevant, comforting and valuable.ConclusionsThis research resulted in an item pool that covers the concept of suffering more adequately and comprehensively. Further research endeavours should examine potential differences in suffering experiences over time and in patients with psychiatric conditions with and without euthanasia requests. The appreciation patients demonstrated regarding their ability to speak extensively and openly about their suffering and wish to die further supports the need to allow patients to speak freely and honestly during consultations.Declaration of interestsNone.

CSAT is a free web app from CIS. The app lets users run CIS Controls assessments. This includes a basic set of useful features. It is not yet fully mature in certain areas. It may be something worth keeping an eye on., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190314 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

There are a lot of fake profiles on LinkedIn, and anyone can become a potential target. Automated tools such as ScrapedIn find out who works for a company in a matter of seconds. Techniques like Google Dorking take the smallest bits of information that lead to something much bigger. The right security settings give your LinkedIn account better protection against social engineering attacks., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190221 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

Transport Encryption is an extremely powerful tool to increase the security of a website's users. The usage of HTTPS is incentivized, not using it comes with some additional downsides. HSTS closes the "initial access" gap when a user access the site via HTTP and needs to be redirected to HTTPS. There are five common mistakes that can easily be avoided, as outlined at the end of this article., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190214 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

Bypassing IEEE 802.1X with a transparent bridge solution. Implementation based on NACkered. NAC bypass project available on GitHub. A way to bypass Network Access Control. Feeding in own commands via a legitimate device. Can be used autonomously in environments where devices are switched., This paper was written in 2019 as part of a research project at scip AG, Switzerland. It was initially published online at https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20190207 and is available in English and German. Providing our clients with innovative research for the information technology of the future is an essential part of our company culture.

Bu çalışmanın iki amacı bulunmaktadır. Birincil amacı, Türkçe ve İngilizce grup-içi ilişkilere dayanan rica etkileşimlerinde kullanılan dilsel stratejilerin ortaya çıkardığı kibarlık ve kabalık görünümleri arasındaki benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları ortaya koymaktır. İkincil amacı ise, Türkçe ve İngilizce grup-dışı ilişkilere dayanan rica etkileşimlerinde kullanılan dilsel stratejilerin ortaya çıkardığı kibarlık ve kabalık görünümleri arasındaki benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları betimlemektir.Bu tezin amaçları doğrultusunda, 30'ar kişiden oluşan Türk ve Amerikalı iki katılımcı grubunun, 5 rol durumunu karşılıklı doğaçlaması sonucu elde edilen konuşma kayıtları (75 Türkçe-75 İngilizce) tutulmuş ve kayıtların birebir çevriyazısı yapılarak bir veri tabanı oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen verilerin, detaylı betimlemesini yapmak amacıyla içerik çözümlemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.Çalışmada her iki grubun şu yönlerden benzerlik gösterdiği ortaya konmuştur: Ricalara olumlu yanıt alınmasına rağmen rica yinelemesi yapılması; arkadaşlık kavramının açık sözlü olmak, sözünü esirgememek olarak algılanması; genelde ana rica kullanımı yapılması; iltifat etme stratejisine karşılık alçakgönüllülük stratejisinin kullanılması ve kibarlık ve kabalığın etki-tepki ilişkisi çerçevesinde şekillendirilmesi.Her iki grubun farklılık gösterdiği en önemli nokta ise Türk kültürünün bir 'yüksek-bağlam kültürü; Amerikan kültürünün ise 'düşük-bağlam kültürü olmasıdır.Bu bulguların ışığı altında, son bölümde, kibarlık ve kabalık üzerine yapılabilecek yeni çalışmalara öneriler getirilmiştir.Anahtar Sözcükler: Kibarlık, Kabalık, İçerik Çözümlemesi, Dilsel Stratejiler The purpose of the study is two-fold. In relation to the phenomena of politeness and impoliteness, the primary concern is to reveal what kind of similarities and differences have existed in in-group request interactions in Turkish and English. The secondary concern is to determine what kind of similarities and differences have existed in out-group request interactions in Turkish and English. In line with the purposes of the study, the sound recordings (75 Turkish-75 English) of 5 improvised conversations betweenTurkish and American groups of 30 participants were kept and by making the verbatim transcriptions of the recordings, the database was set up. Lastly, a content analysis was performed in order to analyze the data in detail.The findings of the study revealed that the groups share similarities in many respects: the repeated use of requests, perceiving friendship as 'being cruel to be kind', the common use of head-acts, the use of compliment which is returned by the use of modesty as a strategy, and establishing the nature of politeness and impoliteness as an effect-response relationship.The major difference between the groups is that while the Turkish culture is a high context-culture, American culture is a low-context one. In the light of the findings, in conclusion, some recomendations have been put forward with regard to new research studies on politeness and impoliteness.Keywords: Politeness, Impoliteness, Content Analysis, Language Strategies 159

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Austin ve Searle tarafından geliştirilen Söz Edimleri Kuramı'nın ışığında, rica söz edimlerinin farklı bağlamlarda Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımlarını belirlemektir. Bu çalışma betimsel modelde yapılan nitel bir araştırma desenine sahiptir. Araştırmada 75 birinci dil Türkçe konuşuru ve 262 ikinci dil Türkçe konuşurunun oluşturduğu iki örneklem grubundan veriler uygun örnekleme yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Söylem Tamamlama Testi aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın alt problemlerinin çözümlenmesinde Blum-Kulka ve Olshtain'in sınıflandırmasında yer alan Blum-Kulka'nın oluşturduğu rica stratejilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına bakıldığında, ikinci dil Türkçe konuşurların ilk kez veya az karşılaştıkları durumlarda rica söz edimini kullanırken, birinci dil Türkçe konuşurların daha çok, sezgilerine veya dilbilgisi bilgilerine ya da aktarımlara göre rica söz edimlerini seçtikleri görülmüştür. Bu araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlar genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde Türkçeyi anadili olarak öğrenen birinci dil Türkçe konuşurlarının rica etme ediminin izin/onay isteme ve bilgi alma alt ulamlarında ikinci dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerden farklı stratejileri kullandıkları, ancak eylem isteme alt ulamında genellikle aynı stratejilere yöneldikleri tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kişilerarası ilişkinin, yaşın ve toplumsal statünün, dilsel yetinin verilen yanıtları birinci dil olarak Türkçe konuşanlarda daha çok etkilediği, yabancı öğrencilerde ise bu ilişkinin ya da statünün tam anlamıyla bilinmemesinden dolayı verilen yanıtları yeterince etkilemediği görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Edimbilim, Türkçe öğretimi, söz edimler, rica söz edimi The aim of this study was to determine the level of use of request speech acts in different contexts by those learning Turkish as a foreign language, in the light of the Speech Act Theory developed by Austin and Searle. This study has a qualitative research design in a descriptive model. In the study, data from two sample groups consisting of 75 first language Turkish speakers and 262 second language Turkish speakers were collected by appropriate sampling. The data of the study were collected by the Discourse Completion Test. In the analysis of the sub-problems of the study, Blum-Kulka's request strategies, which are included in Blum-Kulka and Olshtain's classification, were used. When the results of the study were examined, it was seen that the second language Turkish speakers used request speech act in situations they face for the first time or rarely, and that the first language Turkish speakers chose to use request speech acts rather based on their intuition, grammar knowledge or language transfer. Evaluating the results obtained in this research in general, the first language Turkish speakers who learned Turkish as the mother tongue used different strategies than those learning Turkish as a second language in the permission/approval and information request subcategories of request speech acts but tended towards the same strategies in general in action request subcategories. In addition, it was seen that the interpersonal relationship, age, social status, and linguistic ability affected the responses frequently in the first language Turkish speakers whereas they did not adequately affect the responses in the foreign students given that the relationship or status was not fully known. Keywords: Pragmatics, Turkish language teaching, speech acts, request speech act 101

Коховец, О. В. Понятие жалобы в государственном управлении / О. В. Коховец // Вестник Академии МВД Республики Беларусь. - 2019. - № 1. - С. 33 - 37 Предпринята попытка научного обоснования понятия жалобы в государственном управлении. Проведен анализ основных подходов, раскрывающих характер исследуемого понятия. Предлагается определение жалобы, наиболее соответствующее современным реалиям. = An attempt was made to provide a scientific basis for the notion of a complaint in public administration. The analysis of the main approaches, revealing the nature of the studying concept was made. The most appropriate definition of the complaint is proposed.

The work of the technical department of the Ministry of Social Policy of the Sverd-lovsk region (hereinafter – the Ministry) was analyzed, on the basis of which it was decided to intro-duce an incident management system. The main requirements from the Ministry were identified, which were used to search for analogues, their comparison and analysis, and the OTRS system was selected. It was installed and configured on the basis of technical specifications, as well as somewhat improved. Была проанализирована работа технического отдела Министерства социальной политики Свердловской области (Далее – Министерство), по результатам которой было решено вводить систему управления инцидентами. Были определены основные требования от Министерства, по которым был осуществлен поиск аналогов, их сравнение и анализ, и выбрана система – OTRS. Она была установлена и настроена исходя из ТЗ, а также несколько улучшена.

U ovom radu opisan je razvoj iOS aplikacije. Pritom su objašnjene glavne tehnike razvoja u Apple-ovom razvojnom okruženju Xcode, te mogući pristupi radu, storyboard ili programski. Prikazane su i moguće arhitekture pri razvoju iOS aplikacija, Apple-ov MVC ili MVVM. Predmet samog rada je aplikacija za platformu iOS za oglašavanje kvarova i prikupljanje ponuda za popravke. Za bazu podataka korišten je Google-ov Firebase Realtime Database, kako bi se ostvarila komunikacija u stvarnom vremenu. U bazi podataka postoje četiri modela; klijent, radnik, zahtjev i ponuda. Klijent i radnik korisnici su aplikacije i ostvaruju komunikaciju međusobnim slanjem zahtjeva i ponuda. Ovako se omogućuje komunikacija bez razgovora, što je i cilj aplikacije. This paper describes the development of an iOS application. The main development techniques in the Apple Xcode development environment are explained, as well as possible approaches to work, those are storyboard or programming approach. There are also possible application architectures explained for developing an iOS applications, Apple's MVC or MVVM. The work itself is the iOS platform application for malfunction advertising and collection bidding. The database has been established by using Google's Firebase Realtime Database to help real-time communication. There are four models in the database; client, worker, request and offer. Client and worker are users of applications and realize communication by mutual sending of requests and bids. This allows communication without actual talk, which is the goal of the application.

In this study, native Turkish speakers and students learning Turkish as a foreign language in B1 level have been compared in terms of their use of requests. In doing so, a Discourse Completion Test consisting of 12 conditions was applied and the answers were classified for directness and indirectness. In addition, the emotion expressions chosen for each case were evaluated according to the preference of strategies. In these aspects, the study is a quantitative research. Data were analyzed descriptively through SPSS program. One-way ANOVA and post hoc tests were used to determine whether there were statistically significant differences. 84 students participated in the study. 42 of the participants were Turkish students attending the preparatory program of the University of Turkish Aeronautical Association. The other participants were foreign students at B1 level who studied Turkish at Ahmet Yesevi University and Gazi University TOMER. Participants comprise of 20 Kazakhs, 15 Afghans, 4 Arabs, 1 Chinese, 1 Bosniak and 1 Tajik. As a result of the study, various similarities and differences were found between native Turkish speakers and students learning Turkish as a foreign language. Significant differences were found in 4 of 12 cases in Discourse Completion Test. While the participants used conventional indirect strategy the most, it was observed that the Afghan participants applied to the non-conventional indirect strategy more than the other groups. On the other hand, Kazakh participants used want statements more than the others. İÇİNDEKİLER KABUL VE ONAY i YAYIMLAMA VE FİKRİ MÜLKİYET HAKLARI BEYANI ii ETİK BEYAN iii TEŞEKKÜR iv ÖZET v ABSTRACT vi GİRİŞ 1 TEZİN AMACI VE ÖNEMİ 2 ARAŞTIRMA SORULARI 3 VARSAYIMLAR 4 YÖNTEM VE KULLANILAN ARAÇLAR 4 Konuşma Tamamlama Testi 5 Evren, Örneklem ve Sınırlılıklar 6 Verilerin Toplanması ve Analizi 7 1. BÖLÜM: KURAMSAL ARKA PLAN. 9 1.1. EDİMBİLİM 9 1.1.1. Wittgenstein, Austin ve Searl: Söz Edimleri 9 1.2. BLUM-KULKA VE OLSHTAIN’IN ÇALIŞMASI 14 1.2.1. Strateji Türleri 15 1.2.3. Bakış Açısı (Point of view) 16 1.2.4. Sentaktik Hafifletici (Syntactic downgrader) 17 1.2.4.1. Diğer Hafifleticiler 17 1.2.5. Yükselticiler (upgraders) 18 1.2.6. Belirtecimsiler (adjuncts) 18 1.3. BROWN VE LEVINSON’IN İNCELİK KURAMI 19 1.3.1. Yüz 20 1.3.2. Yüz Tehdit Eden Eylemler 21 1.3.3. Yüz Tehdit Eden Eylem Stratejileri 23 1.3.4. Sosyal Mesafe, Güç ve Dayatma Derecesi 23 1.4. KÜLTÜREL ÖGELERE BİR BAKIŞ: HOFSTEDE’IN ÇALIŞMASI 24 1.4.1. Güç Mesafesi (Power Distance) 24 1.4.2. Belirsizlikten Kaçınma 25 1.4.3. Bireyselcilik ve Kolektivizm 25 1.4.4. Erillik ve Dişillik 26 1.4.5. Kısa Dönem Odaklı ve Uzun Dönem Odaklı 27 1.4.6. Heveslilik ve Kısıtlılık 27 1.5. İSTEK SÖZ EDİMİ: İLGİLİ DİĞER ÇALIŞMALAR 28 2. BÖLÜM: BULGULAR VE TARTIŞMA 33 2.1. ANA DİLİ OLARAK TÜRKÇE KONUŞURLARI İLE YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇE ÖĞRENİCİLERİNİN STRATEJİ KULLANIMI 33 2.2. UYRUKLARA GÖRE STRATEJİ KULLANIMI 51 2.3.YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇE ÖĞRENİCİLERİNİN İSTEK (RİCA) SÖZ EDİMİ İLE DUYGU İFADESİ KULLANIMI 78 2.4. KONUŞMA TAMAMLAMA TESTİNDEKİ DURUMLARA VERİLEN ÖRNEK YANITLAR 80 SONUÇ VE ÖNERİLER 82 KAYNAKÇA 86 Ek 1. Etik Kurul İzni 90 Ek 2. Orijinallik Raporu 91 Ek 3. Turnitin Benzerlik İndeksi 92 Ek 4. Gönüllü Katılım Formu 93 Ek 5. Konuşma Tamamlama Testi 94 ÖZGEÇMİŞ 99 Tezde ana dili olarak Türkçe konuşurları ile B1 seviyesindeki yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenicilerinin istek (rica) söz edimlerini kullanımları incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, 12 durumdan oluşan bir Konuşma Tamamlama Testi uygulanmış, yanıtlar “doğrudanlık” ve “dolaylılık” açısından sınıflandırılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, her bir durum için seçilen duygu ifadeleri kullanım stratejilerine ve sıklıklarına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma bu açıdan nicel bir araştırmadır. Veriler SPSS programı aracılığıyla betimsel olarak çözümlenmiştir. İstatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklar olup olmadığının tespiti içinse tek yönlü ANOVA ve post hoc testleri kullanılmıştır. Örneklemi 84 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Katılımcıların 42’si Türk Hava Kurumu Üniversitesi hazırlık bölümünde eğitimlerine devam eden Türk öğrencilerdir. Diğer katılımcılar Gazi Üniversitesi TÖMER ve Kazakistan Ahmet Yesevi Üniversitesinde yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen B1 seviyesinde yabancı öğreniciler olup; 20 Kazak, 15 Afgan, 4 Arap, 1 Çinli, 1 Boşnak ve 1 Tacik şeklinde bir araya gelmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, ana dili olarak Türkçe konuşurları ile yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenicileri arasındaki çeşitli benzerlikler ve farklılıklar ortaya konulmuştur. Konuşma Tamamlama Testindeki 12 durumun 4’ünde ise istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur. Katılımcılar en fazla standartlaşmış dolaylı strateji kullanırken, Afgan katılımcıların standartlaşmamış dolaylı stratejiye diğer gruplara göre daha fazla başvurduğu gözlenmiştir. Kazak katılımcılar ise istek ifadelerini diğerlerine kıyasla daha çok kullanmıştır.

Bu çalışma edimbilim yetisinin dili anlama ve kullanma konusunda önemli bir rol oynadığını destekler (Crystal, 1997) ve İngilizce'nin yabancı dil olarak öğretildiği durumlarda edimbilimin yer alması gerektiğini savunur. Bu çalışma reddetme sözeylemi stratejileri tercihleri ve farklı sosyal değişkenler (sosyal statü, sosyal uzaklık, zahmet) arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanmaktadır. Ek olarak, bu çalışma reddetme stratejilerinin sıklığını ve en çok kullanılan anlamsal formülü farklı sözeylemleri (rica, teklif, öneri, davet) bakımından tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, İngilizce Öğretmenliği Bölümü 4.sınıfta eğitim gören İngilizce öğretmeni adayı 62 Türk katılımcı ve anadili İngilizce olan altı kişi çalışmaya katılmıştır. Tüm katılımcılara arkaplan anketini, yazılı söylem tamamlama testini ve çoktan seçmeli söylem testleri uygulandı. Bütün katılımcılardan çoktan seçmeli testi yaparken bir eşle durumlar hakkında tartışmaları istenmiştir ki bu durum Türk literatüründeki bir boşluğu doldurmuştur. Yazılı söylem tamamlama testinin sonuçlarına göre açıklama, şükran ve pişmanlık sırayla Türk katılımcılar tarafından en çok kullanılan stratejilerdir. Diğer önemli bulgu ise Türk katılımcılar sosyal statü konusunda hassastırlar. Türk katılımcılar dolaylı stratejileri kendilerinden daha yüksek statüdeki kişiyi reddederken kullanırken olumsuz isteklilik stratejisini daha düşük statüdeki kişiyi reddederken kullanmışlardır. Diğer bir taraftan, Türk katılımcılar çoktan seçmeli söylem testinde de dolaylı strateji olan seçenekleri daha çok seçmişlerdir ve bu sonuç da yazılı söylem tamamlama testinin bulgusunu desteklemektedir. Bunun yanında, transkriptlerin analizleri de bu katılımcıların sosyal değişkenlere dikkat ettiklerini kanıtlamaktadır. Yukarıdaki sonuçlara bakarak, bu tez İngilizce öğretmeni adaylarının reddetme sözeylemi nasıl kullandıkları konusunda bilgi sahibi olmamıza ve kültürlerarası iletişimde oluşabilecek yanlış anlaşılmaları azaltmaya katkıda bulunacaktır. This study supports the idea that pragmatic competence plays a big role in language competence and performance (Crystal, 1997) and argues that EFL teaching contexts should include pragmatics. The study focuses on the relationship among refusal strategy preferences, and three social factors such as social status, social distance, and imposition. Moreover, this study investigates the frequency and shift of semantic formulas with regard to types of speech acts (request, offer, suggestion, and invitation). Sixty two preservice EFL teachers at fourth grade and six native speakers of English participated in the study. All the participants were asked to fill out a background questionnaire, a written discourse test (WDCT), and a multiple choice discourse test (MDCT). The participants were asked to discuss the situations with a pair while doing the MDCT, which fills a gap in the Turkish literature. The results of the WDCT revealed that excuse, gratitude, and regret were the most preferred strategies by Turkish participants respectively. Furthermore, the analysis showed that Turkish participants were sensitive about social status. Turkish participants employed (a) indirect strategies more while refusing a higher status person, and (b) negative willingness while refusing lower status person. The results of the MDCT support the findings of the WDCT as Turkish participants mostly preferred the options with indirect strategies. Moreover, the analysis of the transcripts of the discussions show that Turkish participants were sensitive about social variables. Considering the results, this thesis may contribute to the understanding of refusals by Turkish speakers, and to decrease the possibility of misunderstandings in intercultural communication. 103

Preliminary criminal investigations, in which the perpetration of criminaloffenses can be attributed to parliamentarians, present their own specificprofiles causing the criminal procedure to undertake a partially differentpath from the standard. In these instances, the intervention of the LegislativeChamber and the peculiarities of the status of the person under investigation,derived from the prerogative of parliamentary immunity, are required.On the other hand, the criminal investigation may be interfered with byparliamentary investigative committees whose objectives are the same asthose being investigated within the criminal jurisdiction. La instrucción penal en las causas en las que se investigan hechos delictivoscuya autoría pueda atribuirse a parlamentarios presenta perfiles propiosque hacen discurrir al procedimiento por cauces parcialmente distintos delos habituales, exigiéndose a veces la intervención de la propia CámaraLegislativa, y especialidades en el estatuto del investigado que derivande la prerrogativa de la inmunidad parlamentaria. Por otra parte, la instrucciónpenal puede verse interferida por la constitución de comisionesparlamentarias de investigación que tengan por objeto los mismos hechosque se investigan en la jurisdicción penal.

The aim of the article is to create a system for indicating the operational values of the technological process parameters on mobile devices using the Raspberry Pi microcomputer. The text gives valuable information about industrial protocols such as Modbus and Ethernet. It gives a detailed analysis of Python Modbus libraries. The article provide review several ready-made solutions for creating a system for the operational display of process parameters on mobile devices, namely: MasterSCADA 4D of the INSAT company, SCADA SimpLight by Simp Lite and development of Siberia Electrical Systems. As a result, the following was developed: a server for transferring process parameters, a mobile client, a parameter caching function for the server, and a request structure.

Bu araştırmanın amacı çocukların bir şey isterken kullandığı rica edimi stratejilerini belirlemektir. Rica edimi çocuklukta sık kullanılan dil yapılarından biridir. İletişim becerisinin gelişiminde çocukların toplumsal yapıya ve bağlamın gereklerine uygun biçimde dil yapılarını kullanmayı öğrenmeleri beklenir. Edimbilimsel çerçevede strateji olarak belirlenen dil yapılarının çocuklar tarafından kullanımının yetişkinlerin kullanımlarına benzer bir düzeye ulaşması önemli bir noktadır. Çocuklardaki bu gelişimi izlemek için yapılan tarama modelindeki nitel araştırmanın verileri Söylem Tamamlama Testi'yle toplanmıştır. 12 maddenin yer aldığı testin hazırlanmasında çeşitli iletişimsel durumlar bulunmaktadır. Bu durumlar güç ilişkileri, bulunulan yerin niteliği ve rica edimi yoluyla istenen şeyin güçlük derecesi bakımından çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Aynı maddeler yetişkinler için de uyarlanmış ve bu süreçlerde uzman görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Araştırmaya 5-6 yaş grubundaki 145 çocuk ve 71 yetişkin katılmıştır. Yetişkinlerin katılmasının nedeni ilgili bağlamlarda seçilen rica stratejilerinin Türkçedeki karşılıklarını belirlemek ve çocukların seçimlerini yorumlamak için dayanak oluşturmaktır. Katılımcıların teste verdikleri yanıtlar iki uzman tarafından değerlendirilmiş ve hangi stratejilerin seçildiği belirlenmiştir. Veriler istatistik programında çözümlenmiş, yüzde ve sıklık hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre yetişkinler test genelinde on maddede dile özgü öneri deyimleri stratejilerine başvurarak yanıt vermişken çocuklar testin tüm maddelerine hazırlayıcı koşullara gönderim stratejisini kullanarak yanıt vermişlerdir. Ayrışma daha çok başvurulan ikinci ve sonraki belirmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına dayanarak çocukların edimsel becerilerini geliştirmede çalışmalar yapılması önerilmiştir.Anahtar Sözcükler: Rica edimi, dil edinimi, erken çocukluk, okulöncesi, söz edimi. The aim of this article is to determine the stategies for act of request when children ask for something from someone. The act of request is one of the language structure that frequently used by children. The yare supposed to use the language structure properly in terms of their social structure and context of requirement in their development of communication skill. İt is a significant point that within the pragmatics scope reachs a level like use adults usages. Qualitative research details on survey model which is done to observe this development on children is collected by a Discourse Completion Task (DCT). There ara some various so communicative situations in this task which includes 12 heads. These situations vary in terms of their power relations, qualification of the place and difficulty degree of what you ask for. Same topics are also adapted for adults and consulted for opinions of experts within this period. 145 children, 5-6 years and 71 adults takes part in this research. The reason why adults take part in this research is to form basis for intepreting children's choice and determining the Turkish equivalent of the request choosen related the context. The responses given by participants are evaluated and determined which strategies can be selected. Dates are analyzed in statistics program, percatige ande frequency calculations are done. According to the results, adults responded to language-specific suggestion statements strategies in ten items throughout the test, while children responded to all items of the test using the preparatory conditions strategy. The decomposition appeared more often in the second and subsequent referenced. Based on the findings of the study, studies have been proposed to improve the performant skills of children.Keywords: Request, language acquisition, early childhood, pre-school, speech acts. 94

Section 164(3) of the Tax Administration Act No. 28 of 2011 gives a senior SARS official the discretion to suspend the payment of disputed tax or a portion thereof, having regard to relevant factors. Limited guidance is available in this regard. The objectives are to establish the concerns and uncertainties regarding the relevant factors and to determine whether a ‘suspension of the payment of disputed tax’ in terms of section 164(3) constitutes the granting of ‘credit’ in terms of a ‘credit agreement’ in terms of the National Credit Act, Act No. 34 of 2005. This is achieved by adopting an explanatory research approach and performing a literature review and comparative analysis respectively. The conclusion is reached that the current factors listed are not necessarily the most relevant ones. Recommendations are made to simplify the process and to revise and improve the wording regarding the relevant factors.

The analysis of raters' comments on pragmatic assessment of L2 learners is among new and understudied concepts in second language studies. To shed light on this issue, the present investigation targeted important variables such as raters’ criteria and rating patterns by analyzing the interlanguage pragmatic assessment process of the Iranian non-native English speaking raters (NNESRs) regarding the request speech act, while considering important factors such as raters’ gender and background teaching experiences. For this purpose, 62 raters’ rating scores and comments on Iranian EFL learners’ requests based on six situations of specified video prompts were analyzed. The results of the content analysis of raters’ comments revealed nine criteria, including pragmalinguistic and socio-pragmatic components of language, which have been noted by raters differently through six request situations. Among the considered criteria, politeness, conversers’ relationship, style and register, and explanation were of great importance to NNESRs. Furthermore, t-test and chi-square analysis of raters’ assigned rating scores and mentioned criteria across different situations verified the insignificance of factors such as raters’ gender and teaching experiences on the process of EFL learners’ pragmatic assessment. In addition, the results of the study suggest the necessity of teaching L2 pragmatics in language classes and in teacher training courses.

Studies investigating compliance-gaining procedures have shown that the feeling that someone is free to comply or not with a request is a requirement to obtain compliance. In this study, participants were asked for money for a charitable organization. In the experimental condition, people first heard a sentence saying that they would probably refuse to help, and then they were asked to make a donation. In the control condition, participants were just asked for money. Findings showed that more participants complied with the request in the experimental condition. Reactance theory was used to explain these results.

This article is based on a study of the existing literature and field work on sites of pilgrimages. It is structured in three parts: pilgrimage and space, the polysemy of pilgrimages and a presentation of three examples of pilgrimages. First we discuss the relationship of pilgrimages with space. Going on pilgrimage implies a “displacement” towards a “particular place”, where there is an “internal circuit” laid out for pilgrims and visitors. Finally, we point out the “territory of recruitment”, where the pilgrims live. In a second part we discuss the polysemy of the pilgrimages. Persons may go on pilgrimage towards historic places of a religion to “revive” its message. It may also be “an act of devotion” or a “penitential activity”. Pilgrimages were and still are an “affirmation of an identity” and finally we stress “the logic of requests”. These are analytical distinctions but pilgrimages are mostly a combination of these functions. Finally, we present three examples of pilgrimages: one to the Relic of the Holy Blood of Jesus Christ in Bruges (Belgium), another to a Marian sanctuary in Banneux (Belgium) and finally the pilgrimage to St James of Compostela (Spain). ispartof: AIMS Geosciences vol:2 issue:2 pages:166-181 status: published

The aim of this paper is to investigate the interaction between cognition and emotion in the process of language modelling in the presence of social power. Cognition is related to mental behavior which an individual usually uses by problem solving. Emotions represent expressive factors such as compliments/sweeteners, intensificators etc. In our case, it is a simulation of global processing of language information by a broad categorizer during social problem solving. The research was carried out at the university and 148 students took part. The results indicate that the ‘broad categorizer” uses compliments, pre-sequences, politeness factors and their combinations in situations with social distance and power. On the other hand, in situations with social proximity and power, he/she uses language models with politeness factors, intensificators and post-sequences/supporting details.

The paper focuses on language processing and its production depending on emotions, particularly on expressive factors of the ‘narrow’ categorizer. The aim of this research is to discover how the emotions of the ‘narrow’ categorizer affect the selection of expressive factors in request formation (L1) in social situations (social distance/proximity with/without social power). The research was conducted at the university and 148 students participated. The results indicate a low extent of emotional factorś selection and their combinations by “narrow” categorizers during request formation in the mother tongue. The research confirmed our assumption that emotions of the ‘narrow’ categorizer affect language processing and request formation in dependence on social situation.