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466 results on '"National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA)"'

401. Study of an hybrid mangetometer : YIG

Author

Dufay, Basile, Saez, Sébastien, Cordier, Christophe, Dolabdjian, Christophe, Hristoforou, E., Equipe Electronique - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratory of Physical Metallurg, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), and Dufay, Basile

Subjects
[SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2007

402. Changes in vegetation and marine environments in the eastern Mediterranean (Rhodes Island, Greece) during the Early and Middle Pleistocene

Author

Serge Ferry, Jean-Pierre Suc, Pierre Moissette, Efterpi Koskeridou, Jean-Jacques Cornée, Katarina Kouli, Cédric Buisine, Christophe Lécuyer, Sébastien Joannin, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Historical Geology-Paleontology, University of Athens, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Paléoenvironnement et paléobiosphère ( PP ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), National Technical University of Athens, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Early Pleistocene, Pleistocene, POLLEN RECORD, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, PLEISTOCENE, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, OXYGEN, Sedimentary depositional environment, Paleontology, NAUTILUS, Phanerozoic, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, SEA, Geology, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 15. Life on land, STABLE-ISOTOPE, EVOLUTION, TIME, CLIMATE, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 13. Climate action, Sedimentary rock, Quaternary, Cenozoic, SEDIMENTS
Abstract

International audience; Pollen records, marine faunal associations and stable isotope compositions of sediments from Rhodes, Greece, have been determined to track environmental changes in the eastern Mediterranean during the Early and Middle Pleistocene. A detailed chronostratigraphic curve, based on magnetostratigraphic data, was obtained by correlating pollen spectra with the Mediterranean oxygen isotopic curve of Ocean Drilling Program Site 975. Five sedimentary sequences that correspond to marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 31–27 and to MIS 20–17 have been investigated in the confined Tsampika microbasin. High-amplitude Pinus variations confirm glacio-eustatic changes deduced from changes in marine faunal associations and sedimentary depositional environments. Reflecting climatic cycles identified in the marine carbonate oxygen isotope record, eight vegetation successions (characterized by the dominance first of mesothermic elements, then of mid- and high-altitude elements with Pinus, and ending with maxima in herb and steppe elements) have been documented. Most of them were probably driven by changes in insolation occurring in high northern latitudes (obliquity impact) during the late Early Pleistocene and early Middle Pleistocene.

Published
2007

403. Analysis of the X-ray and time-resolved XUV emission of laser produced Xe and Kr plasmas

Author

N. Kontogiannopoulos, F. Thais, Jean-Raphael Marques, L. Lecherbourg, Stylianos Tzortzakis, I. Matsushima, Claude Chenais-Popovics, S. Bastiani-Ceccotti, Olivier Peyrusse, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Lasers and Applications, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Matière à Haute Densité d'Energie (MHDE), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Intelligent Systems Institute [Tsukuba] (IS AIST), and National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Electron density, Radiation, Materials science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Thomson scattering, Plasma, Nanosecond, Laser, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Extreme ultraviolet, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

A frequency-doubled laser beam of the Nd:glass kilojoule nanosecond LULI2000 facility (1.5 ns duration, 200–400 J energy, 0.53 μm wavelength) was focused on a Xe or Kr gas jet. The plasma was simultaneously diagnosed with X-ray (in the wavelength range of 6–8 A for Kr and of 12–15 A for Xe) and time-resolved XUV (20–200 A) emission spectroscopy. Electron density and temperature as well as the ionization charge were measured by time-resolved Thomson scattering of the heating laser pulse. The spectra are compared with the calculations performed with the NLTE collisional-radiative code AVERROES/TRANSPEC. Best fits of the X-ray and XUV spectra obtained are presented. The measured charge distribution and dynamics is analyzed using the simultaneous Thomson scattering diagnostic.

Published
2007

404. Study of Al2O3 coatings on AISI 316 stainless steel obtained by controlled atmosphere plasma spraying (CAPS)

Author

C.I. Sarafoglou, D.I. Pantelis, Michel Jeandin, Sébastien Beauvais, Centre des Matériaux (MAT), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of marine structures School of naval architecture and marine engineering (NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), and Department of marine structures (NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS)

Subjects
Controlled atmosphere, Materials science, Wear behaviour, Gas dynamic cold spray, Atmospheric-pressure plasma, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Indentation hardness, Al2O3 coatings, 0203 mechanical engineering, Coating, High pressure plasma spraying (HPPS), Materials Chemistry, Austenitic stainless steel, Metallurgy, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Tribology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Controlled atmosphere plasma spraying (CAPS), engineering, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; The tribological behaviour of Al2O3 coatings on AISI 316 stainless steel, obtained by the process of controlled atmosphere plasma spraying (CAPS), is studied in this work. Atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and high pressure plasma spraying (HPPS) were applied in order to produce these coatings. The APS coatings exhibited lower microhardness values compared to the values of HPPS coatings. Regarding the HPPS coatings it was found that plasma composition, through its heat capacity, does influence the heat transfer to particles, and, consequently, their flattening and densification process, which govern coating properties. It was revealed that tribological behaviour of coatings was influenced by the applied spraying method too. Coatings from HPPS under high-enthalpy conditions led to worst wear behaviour. In general, properties, such as microstructure, microhardness, coefficient of friction and wear resistance depended on the processing conditions such as pressure and composition of the spraying chamber atmosphere.

Published
2007

405. SPECTACULAR PRESERVATION OF SEAGRASSES AND SEAGRASS-ASSOCIATED COMMUNITIES FROM THE PLIOCENE OF RHODES, GREECE

Author

Christophe Lécuyer, Françoise Guillocheau, Pierre Moissette, Efterpi Koskeridou, Jean-Jacques Cornée, PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Historical Geology-Paleontology, University of Athens, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre Armoricain de Recherches en Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Department of Historical Geology-Paleontology, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre Armoricain de Recherches en Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Biotope, 010506 paleontology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Ecology, Paleontology, Coralline algae, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Seagrass, Habitat, Posidonia oceanica, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Siliciclastic, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Crustose, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract

International audience; An exceptionally well-preserved fossil seagrass community occurs in the late Pliocene of the Greek Island of Rhodes. The siliciclastic deposits of the Kritika section (Kritika Member, Rhodes Formation) contain several beds of clay and fine-grained sand with abundant remains of the leaves of Posidonia oceanica. A coarser sand bed with in situ rhizomes of the same endemic Mediterranean phanerogam also was found. Samples yield a diverse skeletal assemblage of 121 species of crustose coralline algae, foraminifers, annelids, gastropods, bivalves, encrusting bryozoans, and ostracodes, some of which also live exclusively on the leaves of present-day P. oceanica. The community of organisms associated with the rhizomes is slightly poorer (57 species), with bivalves appearing as distinctively abundant components of this assemblage (21 species). An analysis of the relationships between skeletal organisms and fossil leaves and rhizomes shows that the majority of them lived together in the same seagrassvegetated environment, were transported a short distance from their natural habitat, and buried very rapidly in fine-grained sediments, thus preserving this remarkable assemblage almost intact. The rhizomes were preserved in growth position within a coarse-grained sand trapped by their horizontal and vertical network. The fossil assemblage compares well in terms of major skeletal components with modern shallow-water P. oceanica meadows. This study also provides evidence for the presence during the Pliocene of an already well-established and widespread seagrass community with biotopes comparable to those of the present-day Mediterranean.

Published
2007

406. Thermo-Poro-Mechanical Properties of Clayey Gouge and Application to Rapid Fault Shearing

Author

Philippe Lazar, Jean Sulem, Ioannis Vardoulakis, Centre d'enseignement et de recherche en mécanique des sols (CERMES), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC), Faculty of Applied Mathematics and Physics, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), DGlab-Corinth (EVR1-CT-2000-40005), GDR-Corinth, DG-Lab Corinth, GDR-Corinth, Laboratoire Navier (navier umr 8205), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics

Subjects
fault, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Effective stress, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Computational Mechanics, FOS: Physical sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Physics - Classical Physics, 02 engineering and technology, Slip (materials science), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Geophysics, seismic slip, Pore water pressure, thermo-poro-mechanical couplings, Fault gouge, [PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph], General Materials Science, Geotechnical engineering, Fluidization, [SPI.MECA.SOLID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the solides [physics.class-ph], 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Shearing (physics), Seismic zone, Classical Physics (physics.class-ph), Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Oedometer test, Geophysics (physics.geo-ph), Mechanics of Materials, clayey gouge, Geology
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, the mechanism of fault pressurization in rapid slip events is analysed on the basis of a complete characterization of the thermo-poro-mechanical behaviour of a clayey gouge extracted at 760 m depth in Aigion fault in the active seismic zone of the Gulf of Corinth, Greece. It is shown that the thermally collapsible character of this clayey gouge can be responsible for a dramatic reduction of effective stress and a full fluidization of the material. The thickness of the ‘ultra-localized’ zone of highly strained material is a key parameter that controls the competing phenomena of pore pressure increase leading to fluidization of the fault gouge and temperature increase leading to pore-fluid vapourization.

Published
2007

407. Laser annealing for n+/p junction formation in germanium

Author

P. Tsouroutas, Alain Claverie, Ioanna Zergioti, Dimitris Tsoukalas, Nikolay Cherkashin, Alexander A. Serafetinides, A. Florakis, B. Marty, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Matériaux et dispositifs pour l'Electronique et le Magnétisme (CEMES-MEM), Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Silicon, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Wafer, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Dopant, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Recrystallization (metallurgy), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Semiconductor, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, 0210 nano-technology, p–n junction, business
Abstract

International audience; In the present work we focus our study on laser annealing of implanted with high phosphorus dose p-type germanium wafers using an Nd-YAG laser at 355 nm. Dopant profiles as monitored by SIMS measurements demonstrate dopant profile movement less than 15 nm at junction depth. Germanium (Ge) structural defects were observed by TEM measurements and the roughness of the surface was measured by AFM. The above analysis shows the efficiency of laser annealing in recrystallizing the Ge substrates at lower energy fluences compared to Si and without substantial dopant loss and diffusion.

Published
2006

408. Towards Speaker and Environmental Robustness in ASR: The HIWIRE Project

Author

Potamianos, Alexandros, Bouselmi, Ghazi, Dimitriadis, Dimitrios, Fohr, Dominique, Gemello, Roberto, Illina, Irina, Mana, Franco, Maragos, Petros, Matassoni, M., Pitsikalis, Vassilis, Ramirez, J., Sanchez-Soto, E., Segura, J., Svaizer, P., Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering [Crete] (E.C.E), Technical University of Crete [Chania], Analysis, perception and recognition of speech (PAROLE), INRIA Lorraine, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Université Nancy 2-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Université Nancy 2-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Athens] (School of E.C.E), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), LOQUENDO (LOQUENDO), LOQUENDO, Istituto Trentino di Cultura (ITC), Istituto Trentino di Cultura, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), HIWIRE, and University of Granada [Granada]

Subjects
noisy sppech, speech recognition, robustness, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC]
Abstract

In this paper, we present algorithms for dealing with variability and mismatch in speech recognition due to environmental conditions and non-native speaker populations. The proposed algorithms cover a broad spectrum of ideas including robust feature extraction, feature compensation and speech enhancement. Specifically the following algorithms are presented and evaluated: beamforming for multi-microphone speech recognition, robust modulation and fractal features, Teager energy cepstrum coefficients, parametric feature equalization, speech enhancement, and acoustic modeling for non-native speech recognition. Also the problem of feature fusion and voice activity detection are discussed. Evaluation results on the AURORA databases under the auspices of the HIWIRE project show that significant gains can be achieved under adverse or mismatched conditions using these algorithms. Relative error rate reduction of up to 50% was shown for multi-microphone speech recognition, robust feature combination and speech enhancement. 30-40% reduction was shown for parametric feature equalization and non-native acoustic models.

Published
2006

409. Typical diffusion behavior in packaging polymers: Application to functional barriers

Author

Yiannis Voulzatis, Thomas Hankemeier, Susana Aucejo, Philippe Saillard, Alexandre Feigenbaum, Carlos De La Cruz, P. Paseiro, Sara Pastorelli, Costas Papaspyrides, Patrice Dole, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universidade de Santiago, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, and National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA)

Subjects
Polymers, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Acrylic Resins, FOOD-CONTACT APPLICATIONS, 02 engineering and technology, Toxicology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Reference Values, MOLECULAR-WEIGHT PERMEANTS, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Copolymer, Polyethylene terephthalate, Polyvinyl Chloride, TEMPERATURE, chemistry.chemical_classification, Polyethylene Terephthalates, Polyacrylonitrile, Food Packaging, Ethylene-vinyl acetate, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 040401 food science, Polyolefin, PART I, Chemistry (miscellaneous), PET RECYCLED BOTTLES, Polyvinyls, 0210 nano-technology, Plastics, POLYOLEFINS, Conservation of Natural Resources, Materials science, MIGRATION, Food Contamination, Polyenes, MULTILAYER, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Polymer chemistry, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, POLYETHYLENE, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Chemistry, Molecular Weight, Polyvinyl chloride, Nylons, chemistry, Polystyrenes, Polystyrene, Food Science, COEFFICIENTS
Abstract

When plastics are collected for recycling, possibly contaminated articles might be recycled into food packaging, and thus the contaminants might subsequently migrate into the food. Multilayer functional barriers may be used to delay and to reduce such migration. The contribution of the work reported here is to establish reference values (at 40°C) of diffusion coefficients and of activation energies to predict the functional barrier efficiency of a broad range of polymers (polyolefins, polystyrene, polyamide, PVC, PET, PVDC, [ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer], polyacrylonitrile and [ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer]). Diffusion coefficients (D) and activation energies (Ea) were measured and were compiled together with literature data. This allowed identification of new trends for the log D=f(molecular weight) relationships. The slopes were a function of the barrier efficiency of the polymer and temperature. The apparent activation energy of diffusion displayed two domains of variation with molecular weight (M). For low M (gases), there was little variation of Ea. Focusing on larger molecules, high barrier polymers displayed a larger dependence of Ea with M. The apparent activation energy decreased with T. These results suggest a discontinuity between rubbery and glassy polymers. © 2006 Taylor & Francis. Chemicals / CAS: ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 24937-78-8; ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, 25067-34-9; polyacrylonitrile, 25014-41-9, 63231-45-8; polyamide, 63428-83-1; polyethylene terephthalate, 25038-59-9, 9003-68-3; polystyrene, 9003-53-6; polyvinylchloride, 9002-86-2; rubber, 9006-04-6; vinylidene chloride, 25323-30-2, 75-35-4; Acrylic Resins; ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, 25067-34-9; ethylenevinylacetate copolymer, 24937-78-8; Nylons; PL 732, 83136-87-2; Plastics; polyacrylonitrile, 25014-41-9; Polyenes; Polyethylene Terephthalates; Polymers; Polystyrenes; Polyvinyl Chloride, 9002-86-2; Polyvinyls

Published
2006

410. Options trading driven by volatility directional accuracy

Author

Konstantinos George Giannelos, Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Konstantinos Maris, Vassilis Assimakopoulos, Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Lancaster University, Secretary for the Information Society, and Ministry of Economy and Finance

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, 050208 finance, Stochastic volatility, Financial economics, 05 social sciences, Implied volatility, SABR volatility model, Volatility risk premium, Volatility swap, 0502 economics and business, Forward volatility, Economics, Volatility smile, Social Sciences & Humanities, 050207 economics, Volatility (finance)
Abstract

International audience; Analysts have claimed over the last years that the volatility of an asset is caused solely by the random arrival of new information about the future returns from the underlying asset. It is a common belief that volatility is of great importance in finance and it is one of the critical factors determining option prices and consequently driving option-trading strategies. This paper discusses an empirical option trading methodology based on efficient volatility direction forecasts. Although in most cases accurate volatility forecasts are hard to obtain, forecasting the direction is significantly easier. Increase in the directional accuracy leads to profitable investment strategies. The net gain is depended on the size of the changes as well; however successful volatility forecasts in terms of directional accuracy was found to be sufficient for positive results. In order to evaluate the proposed methodology weekly data from CAX40, DAX and the Greek FTSE/ASE 20 stock indices were used.

Published
2006

411. Effect of substrate roughness and temperature on splat formation in plasma sprayed aluminium bronze

Author

Christoulis, Dimitris K., Pantelis, D.I., Borit, François, Guipont, Vincent, Jeandin, Michel, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Centre des Matériaux (MAT), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), T.S. Sudarshan, M. Jeandin, and J.J. Stiglich

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2006

412. Air plasma sprayed titanium coatings produced using different oxidation conditions

Author

Sarafoglou, C.I., Pantelis, D.I., Borit, François, Guipont, Vincent, Jeandin, Michel, Department of marine structures (NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Centre des Matériaux (MAT), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), T.S. Sudarshan, M. Jeandin, and J.J. Stiglich

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2006

413. Description of alignment implementation and benchmarking results

Author

Stuckenschmidt, Heiner, Ehrig, Marc, Euzenat, Jérôme, Hess, Andreas, van Hage, Willem Robert, Hu, Wei, Jian, Ningsheng, Chen, Gong, Qu, Yuzhong, Stoilos, George, Stamou, Giorgos, Straccia, Umberto, Svátek, Vojtech, Troncy, Raphaël, Valtchev, Petko, Yatskevich, Mikalai, Department of Computer Science - Vrije Universiteit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Institut für Angewandte Informatik und Formale Beschreibungsverfahren [Karlsruhe] (AIFB), Universität Karlsruhe (TH), Computer mediated exchange of structured knowledge (EXMO), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Southeast University [Jiangsu], Informatics & Telematics Institute (ITI), CERTH, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), CNR Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell’Informazione 'A. Faedo' [Pisa] (CNR | ISTI), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Vytsoka Skola Ekonomicka v Praze (VSE), Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, Département d'Informatique et de Recherche Opérationnelle [Montreal] (DIRO), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (DISI), University of Trento [Trento], IST-Knowledgeweb, European Project: 507482,European Commission,FP6-IST,Knowledgeweb(2004), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione 'A. Faedo' (ISTI), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)

Subjects
ComputerApplications_GENERAL, [INFO.INFO-WB]Computer Science [cs]/Web, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract

stuckenschmidt2005a; This deliverable presents the evaluation campaign carried out in 2005 and the improvement participants to these campaign and others have to their systems. We draw lessons from this work and proposes improvements for future campaigns.

Published
2005

414. On relating CTL to Datalog

Author

Afrati, Foto, Andronikos, Theodore, Pavlaki, Vassia, Foustoucos, Eugenie, Guessarian, Irene, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Laboratoire d'informatique Algorithmique : Fondements et Applications (LIAFA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Guessarian, Irene

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science, [INFO.INFO-LO] Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
Abstract

CTL is the dominant temporal specification language in practice mainly due to the fact that it admits model checking in linear time. Logic programming and the database query language Datalog are often used as an implementation platform for logic languages. In this paper we present the exact relation between CTL and Datalog and moreover we build on this relation and known efficient algorithms for CTL to obtain efficient algorithms for fragments of stratified Datalog. The contributions of this paper are: a) We embed CTL into STD which is a proper fragment of stratified Datalog. Moreover we show that STD expresses exactly CTL -- we prove that by embedding STD into CTL. Both embeddings are linear. b) CTL can also be embedded to fragments of Datalog without negation. We define a fragment of Datalog with the successor build-in predicate that we call TDS and we embed CTL into TDS in linear time. We build on the above relations to answer open problems of stratified Datalog. We prove that query evaluation is linear and that containment and satisfiability problems are both decidable. The results presented in this paper are the first for fragments of stratified Datalog that are more general than those containing only unary EDBs., 34 pages, 1 figure (file .eps)

Published
2005

415. Peculiarities of segmental dynamics in complex polyimide materials for advanced technologies

Author

Bershtein, V., David, Laurent, Egorov, V, Pissis, P., Sysel, P, Yakushev, P, A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), and Institute of Chemical Technology [Prague] (ICT)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0210 nano-technology, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0104 chemical sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2005

416. Functional barriers: Properties and evaluation

Author

Susana Aucejo, Alexandre Feigenbaum, Olivier Vitrac, Patrice Dole, Y. N'Gono, C. de la Cruz Garcia, Constantine D. Papaspyrides, S. Pastorelli, L. Vidal, D. Dainelli, S. Pavlidou, P. Paseiro, Philippe Saillard, Y. Voulzatis, T. Hankemeier, Pierre-Yves Pennarun, TNO Kwaliteit van Leven, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Sealed Air Corporation, Partenaires INRAE, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Universidade de Santiago, Centre Technique de la Conservation des Produits Agricoles (CTCPA), and Eco-Emballages

Subjects
Time Factors, Polymers, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Diffusion, Plastic bottle, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Functional barrier, boats, chemistry.chemical_compound, plastic, plastic industry, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Organic chemistry, Solubility, diffusion coefficient, chemistry.chemical_classification, thermoregulation, Functional barriers, Chemistry, glass bottle, article, Food Packaging, Temperature, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Polymer, Environmental exposure, Equipment Design, boats.hull_material, 040401 food science, Dibutyl Phthalate, food safety, priority journal, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Packaging, packaging material, food handling, polymer, Food Contamination, Activation energy, Chlorobenzenes, Polypropylenes, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Alkanes, computer simulation, food processing, Humans, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Dimethyl Sulfoxide, mathematical computing, Analytical research, Monolayers, plastic bottle, 010401 analytical chemistry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, reference value, General Chemistry, Environmental Exposure, 0104 chemical sciences, food storage, Molecular Weight, Chemical engineering, Multilayers, Chlorobenzene, Nonane, mathematical model, Food Science
Abstract

Functional barriers are multilayer structures deemed to prevent migration of some chemicals released by food-contact materials into food. In the area of plastics packaging, different migration behaviours of mono- and multilayer structures are assessed in terms of lag time and of their influence of the solubility of the migrants in food simulants. Whereas barriers to oxygen or to aromas must prevent the diffusion of these compounds under conditions of use, a functional barrier must also be efficient under processing conditions, to prevent diffusion of substances when the polymer layers are in contact at high (processing) temperatures. Diffusion in melted polymers at high temperatures is much slower for glassy polymers, than in polymers that are rubbery at ambient temperature. To evaluate the behaviour of functional barriers under conditions of use, a set of reference diffusion coefficients in the 40-60°C range were determined for 14 polymers. Conditions for accelerated migration tests are proposed based on worst-case activation energy in the 40-60°C range. For simulation of migration, numerical models are available. The rules derived from the models can be used both by industry (to optimize a material in terms of migration) or by risk assessors. Differences in migration behaviour between mono- and multilayer materials are discussed. © 2005 Taylor & Francis. Chemicals / CAS: Alkanes; chlorobenzene, 108-90-7; Chlorobenzenes; Dibutyl Phthalate, 84-74-2; Dimethyl Sulfoxide, 67-68-5; nonane, 111-84-2; Polymers; Polypropylenes

Published
2005

417. The Anemos Project : Next Generation forecasting of Wind power

Author

Georges Kariniotakis, Didier Mayer, Heinemann Detlev, Jens Tambke, Julio Usaola, Ignacio Marti, Henrik Madsen, Torben Skov Nielsen, Christine Lac, Waldl, H. P., Félix Dierich, Jim Halliday, Richard Brownsword, Gregor Giebel, Jake Badger, Jacques Moussafir, George Kallos, Petroula Louka, Thierry Jouhanique, Manuel Calleja, John Toefting, Ryan, M., Carrington, M., John Indorf, Antiopi Gigantidou, Gonzales, G., Barosso, E., Barquero, C., Seguardo, P., Ignacio Cruz, Ana Maria Palomares, Hatziargyriou, Nikos D., Centre Énergétique et Procédés (CEP), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University of Oldenburg, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid] (UC3M), Centro Nacional de Energías Renovables - Fundación CENER-CIEMAT (CENER), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Météofrance, Météo France, overspeed GmBh&CoKG, GmBh&CoKG, CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Risø National Laboratory, Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, ARIA Technologies, Institute of Accelerating Systems and Applications [Athens] (IASA), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF), EHN, ELSAM, ESB National Grid - Power System Operations, ESB National Grid - Power System Operation, Energieversorgung Weser-Ems AG (EWE AG), Public Power Corporation - Grèce (PPC), PPC, Red Eléctrica de España (REE), Red Eléctrica de España, IDAE - Spain, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICCS), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), European Project: ENK5-CT-2002-00665,ANEMOS, Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
on-line software, numerical w eather predictions, short-term forecasting, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, wind energy, forecasting, Wind power, energy meteorology, renewable energy
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents the objectives and the research work carried out in the frame of the ANEMOS project on short-term wind power forecasting. The aim of the project is to develop accurate models that substantially outperform current state-of-the-art methods, for onshore and offshore wind power forecasting, exploiting both statistical and physical modeling approaches. The project focus on prediction horizons up to 48 hours ahead and investigates predictability of wind for higher horizons up to 7 days ahead useful i.e. for maintenance scheduling. Emphasis is given on the integration of high-resolution meteorological forecasts. For the offshore case, marine meteorology is considered as well as information by satellite-radar images. Specific modules are also developed for on-line uncertainty and prediction risk estimation. An integrated software platform, 'ANEMOS', is developed to host the various models. This system will be installed by several end-users for on-line operation at onshore and offshore wind farms for prediction at a local, regional and national scale. The applications include different terrain types and wind climates, on- and offshore cases, and interconnected or island grids. The on-line operation by the utilities will allow validation of the models and an analysis of the value of wind prediction for a competitive integration of wind energy in the developing liberalized electricity markets.

Published
2004

418. Specification of a common framework for characterizing alignment

Author

Bouquet, Paolo, Euzenat, Jérôme, Franconi, Enrico, Serafini, Luciano, Stamou, Giorgos, Tessaris, Sergio, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (DISI), University of Trento [Trento], Computer mediated exchange of structured knowledge (EXMO), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KRDB Research Centre (KRDB), Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), IST-Knowledgeweb, European Project: 507482,European Commission,FP6-IST,Knowledgeweb(2004), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-WB]Computer Science [cs]/Web, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract

bouquet2004a; No abstract available.

Published
2004

419. Continuous strain and tilt monitoring on the Trizonia Island, Rift of Corinth, Greece

Author

Stelios Felekis, Harris Billiris, Marie-France Esnoult, Alan T. Linde, P.A. Blum, Pascal Bernard, Selwyn Sacks, Hugues Castarède, Frédéric Boudin, Claude Courteille, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), CRLNET, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
Southern Europe, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Borehole, Tiltmeter, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Induced seismicity, radar methods, swarms, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Earthquake swarm, 01 natural sciences, tilt, InSAR, strain, Mediterranean Sea, tectonics, Corinth Rift, earthquakes, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, East Mediterranean, Rift, Greece, deformation, Ionian Sea, Europe, Tectonics, monitoring, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Dilatometer, Rift zone, seismicity, Geology, Seismology, SAR
Abstract

Tilt and strain continuous monitoring started in October 2002 in the Trizonia Island, in the Gulf of Corinth, in order to detect possible strain transients in the rift. The hydrostatic tiltmeters, developed at IPGP, are 15 m long and buried in trenches at a depth of 2.5 m, with a few 10−9-radian noise level at short period. The strain is measured by a Sacks–Evertson dilatometer cemented in a borehole at a depth of 148 m, with a few 10−10 resolution at short period. A 1 h-lasting, 10−7-strain transient has been recorded on the dilatometer, possibly related to a seismic swarm that occurred 15 km away. To cite this article: P. Bernard et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).

Published
2004

420. Study of the effect of different type of aerosols on UV-B radiation from measurements during EARLINET

Author

Alkiviadis F. Bais, H. Dier, Charikleia Meleti, Evangelos Gerasopoulos, Vassilis Amiridis, Stelios Kazadzis, Christos Zerefos, Dimitris Balis, Andreas Kazantzidis, Meinrat O. Andreae, Volker Matthias, Alexandros Papayannis, EGU, Publication, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory of Climatology and Atmospheric Environment [Athens] (LACAE), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, German Weather Service, and Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Single-scattering albedo, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Irradiance, Solar irradiance, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Aerosol, 010309 optics, Atmospheric radiative transfer codes, Lidar, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:551, Environmental science, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Uv b radiation
Abstract

Routine lidar measurements of the vertical distribution of the aerosol extinction coefficient and the extinction-to-backscatter ratio have been performed at Thessaloniki, Greece using a Raman lidar system in the frame of the EARLINET project since 2000. Co-located spectral and broadband solar UV-B irradiance measurements, as well as total ozone observations, were available whenever lidar measurements were obtained. From the available measurements several cases could be identified that allowed the study of the effect of different types of aerosol on the levels of the UV-B solar irradiance at the Earth's surface. The TUV radiative transfer model has been used to simulate the irradiance measurements, using total ozone and the lidar aerosol data as input. From the comparison of the model results with the measured spectra the effective single scattering albedo was determined using an iterative procedure, which has been verified against results from the 1998 Lindenberg Aerosol Characterization Experiment. It is shown that for the same aerosol optical depth and for the same total ozone values the UV-B irradiances at the Earth's surface can show differences up to 10%, which can be attributed to differences in the aerosol type. It is shown that the combined use of the estimated single scattering albedo and of the measured extinction-to-backscatter ratio leads to a better characterization of the aerosol type probed.

Published
2004

421. A unified approach of catastrophic events

Author

Stavros D. Nikolopoulos, Konstantinos Eftaxias, P. Kapiris, Konstantinos Karamanos, EGU, Publication, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Dept. of Solid State Section, Faculty of Physics, Centre for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems, and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

Subjects
Correlation dimension, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Event (relativity), Complex system, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, Chaos theory, lcsh:TD1-1066, Theoretical physics, Bifurcation theory, Fractal, 0103 physical sciences, Statistical physics, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, 010306 general physics, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mathematics, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:GE1-350, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Geology, lcsh:G, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Catastrophe theory
Abstract

Although there is an accumulated charge of theoretical, computational, and numerical work, like catastrophe theory, bifurcation theory, stochastic and deterministic chaos theory, there is an important feeling that these matters do not completely cover the physics of real catastrophic events. Recent studies have suggested that a large variety of complex processes, including earthquakes, heartbeats, and neuronal dynamics, exhibits statistical similarities. Here we are studying in terms of complexity and non linear techniques whether isomorphic signatures emerged indicating the transition from the normal state to the both geological and biological shocks. In the last 15 years, the study of Complex Systems has emerged as a recognized field in its own right, although a good definition of what a complex system is, actually is eluded. A basic reason for our interest in complexity is the striking similarity in behaviour close to irreversible phase transitions among systems that are otherwise quite different in nature. It is by now recognized that the pre-seismic electromagnetic time-series contain valuable information about the earthquake preparation process, which cannot be extracted without the use of important computational power, probably in connection with computer Algebra techniques. This paper presents an analysis, the aim of which is to indicate the approach of the global instability in the pre-focal area. Non-linear characteristics are studied by applying two techniques, namely the Correlation Dimension Estimation and the Approximate Entropy. These two non-linear techniques present coherent conclusions, and could cooperate with an independent fractal spectral analysis to provide a detection concerning the emergence of the nucleation phase of the impending catastrophic event. In the context of similar mathematical background, it would be interesting to augment this description of pre-seismic electromagnetic anomalies in order to cover biological crises, namely, epileptic seizure and heart failure.

Published
2004

422. Modeling the M L 4.7 mainshock of the February-July 2001 earthquake sequence in Aegion, Greece

Author

Efthimios Sokos, Hélène Lyon-Caen, A. Serpetsidaki, Jaromír Janský, Panayotis Papadimitriou, Jiri Zahradnik, Department of Geophysics, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Patras Seismological Laboratory, University of Patras [Greece], Département de sismologie, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), and CRLNET

Subjects
Focal mechanism, Rift, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ASPO method, focal mechanism, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Seismic wave, Azimuth, Strong ground motion, Geophysics, Amplitude, waveforms, Geochemistry and Petrology, Seismic moment, Corinth Rift, Structural geology, polarities, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; An earthquake sequence comprising almost 2000 events occurred in February–July 2001 on the southern coast of the Corinth Gulf.Several location methods were applied to 171 events recorded by the regional network PATNET. The unavailability of S-wave readings precluded from reliable depth determination. For the mainshock of April 8, ML= 4.7, the depth varied from 0 to 20 km. The amplitude spectra of complete waveforms at three local stations (KER,SER, DES; epicentral distances 17, 26 and 56 km) were inverted between 0.1 and 0.2 Hz for double-couple focal mechanism and also for the depth. The optimum solution (strike 220°, dip 40°, rake ‒160°, and depth of 8 km) was validated by forward waveform modeling.Additionally, the mainshock depth was further supported by the P- and S-wave arrival times from the local short-period network CRLNET (Corinth Rift Laboratory).The scalar seismic moment was 2.5e15 Nm,and the moment rate function was successfully simulated by a triangle of the 0.5 second duration. This is equivalent to a 1–1.5 km fault length, and a static stress drop 2–6 MPa. This value is important for future strong ground motion simulation of damaging earthquakes in Aegion region, whose subevents may be modeled according to the studied event. The T axis of the mainshock (azimuth 176° and plunge 67°), is consistent with the regional direction of extension ∼N10°. However, none of the nodal planes can be associated to an active structure seen at the surface. The relationship of this earthquake sequence with deeper faults (e.g. possible detachment at about 10 km) is also unclear.

Published
2004

423. Aerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of the EARLINET project 2 Aerosol backscatter algorithms

Author

C. BOKMANN, U. WANDINGER, A. ANSMANN, V. FREUDENTALER, J. BOSENBERG, V. AMIRIDIS, A. BOSELLI, A. DELAVAL, M. FRIOUD, I. V. GRIGOROV, A. HAGARD, M. HORVAT, M. IARLORI, L. KOMGUEN, S. KREIPL, G. LARCHEVEQUE, V. MATTHIAS, A. PAPAYANNIS, G. PAPPALARDO, F. ROCADENBOSCH, J. A. RODRIGUES, J. SCHNEIDER, V. SHCHERBACOV, M. WIEGNER, DE TOMASI, Ferdinando, Institut für Mathematik [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale (IMAA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Potenza] (CNR), CETEMPS, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche [L'Aquila], Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ)-Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Department of Physics [Aberystwyth], Aberystwyth University, Laser Remote Sensing Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Remote Sensing Laboratory [Barcelona] (RSLab), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto-Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Laboratoire des champs magnétiques intenses (LCMI-GHMFL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Universität Potsdam, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ)-Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Universidade do Porto-Universidade do Porto, Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. RSLAB - Grup de Recerca en Teledetecció, C., Bokmann, U., Wandinger, A., Ansmann, V., Freudentaler, J., Bosenberg, V., Amiridi, A., Boselli, A., Delaval, DE TOMASI, Ferdinando, M., Frioud, I. V., Grigorov, A., Hagard, M., Horvat, M., Iarlori, L., Komguen, S., Kreipl, G., Larcheveque, V., Matthia, A., Papayanni, G., Pappalardo, F., Rocadenbosch, J. A., Rodrigue, J., Schneider, V., Shcherbacov, and M., Wiegner

Subjects
Teledetecció, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Backscatter, Meteorology, aerosol, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Field of view, RAMAN LIDAR, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Aerosol backscatter, 010309 optics, Troposphere, 0103 physical sciences, INVERSION, Business and International Management, lidar, Laser beams, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, algorithm, EARLINET, Institut für Mathematik, Inversion (meteorology), ATMOSPHERE, EXTINCTION PROFILES, Aerosol, Lidar, Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Environmental science, Algorithm
Abstract

An intercomparison of aerosol backscatter lidar algorithms was performed in 2001 within the framework of the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network to Establish an Aerosol Climatology (EARLINET). The objective of this research was to test the correctness of the algorithms and the influence of the lidar ratio used by the various lidar teams involved in the EARLINET for calculation of backscatter-coefficient profiles from the lidar signals. The exercise consisted of processing synthetic lidar signals of various degrees of difficulty. One of these profiles contained height- dependent lidar ratios to test the vertical influence of those profiles on the various retrieval algorithms. Furthermore, a realistic incomplete overlap of laser beam and receiver field of view was introduced to remind the teams to take great care in the nearest range to the lidar. The intercomparison was performed in three stages with increasing knowledge on the input parameters. First, only the lidar signals were distributed; this is the most realistic stage. Afterward the lidar ratio profiles and the reference values at calibration height were provided. The unknown height- dependent lidar ratio had the largest influence on the retrieval, whereas the unknown reference value was of minor importance. These results show the necessity of making additional independent measurements, which can provide us with a suitable approximation of the lidar ratio. The final stage proves in general, that the data evaluation schemes of the different groups of lidar systems work well. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America

Published
2004

424. Analysis of eleven years of deformation measured by GPS in the Corinth Rift Laboratory area

Author

K. Papazissi, Alexandre Nercessian, Amalia Maria Agatza-Balodimou, C. Mitsakaki, H. Billiris, Antonio Avallone, G. Veis, Pierre Briole, Dimitris Paradissis, Olivier Charade, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), CRLNET, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE), and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, Rift, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, GPS, extension, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, block rotations, Deformation (meteorology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Block (meteorology), Geodesy, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Global Positioning System, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Submarine pipeline, Corinth Rift, Clockwise, Rift zone, business, Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; GPS (Global Positioning System) data collected in the Corinth Rift during eleven campaigns between 1990 and 2001 provide velocities of 57 points with ∼ 1.5 mmyr−1 accuracy. Peloponnesos moves at 30 mmyr−1 to the N215◦ E with respect to a fixed Europe. Extension across the rift is accommodated in a narrow band offshore. Its rate increases from east to west and is 16 mmyr−1 near Aigion. Both sides of the rift behave as clockwise rotating blocks with rates of 7 ± 0.5◦ Myr−1 and 2.8±0.8◦ Myr−1, respectively for the northern and southern blocks. After removing block rotations, the northern block shows a north–south extension rate of 120 ± 50 nstrain yr−1, whereas the southern block indicates the internal deformation is still inside the error bar (< 20 nstrain yr−1). The strain accumulation across the major faults located along the southern coast of the Corinth Gulf is less than 1 mmyr−1. This implies long recurrence periods for large earthquakes on these faults.; Analyse de onze années de mesures de deformations collectées par GPS dans la zone du laboratoire du rift de corinthe. Les données GPS collectées dans le rift de Corinthe au cours de onze campagnes de mesure entre 1990 et 2001 ont permis d’obtenir des vitesses pour 57 points, avec une incertitude de ∼ 1,5 mma−1. Le Péloponnèse se déplace avec une vitesse de 30 mma−1 en direction N215◦ E par rapport au système de référence Europe fixe. L’extension à travers le rift est accommodée dans une bande étroite en mer, dans le golfe. Le taux d’extension augmente d’est en ouest et est de 16 mman−1 près d’Aigion. Les deux côtés du golfe de Corinthe se comportent comme des blocs intéressés par des rotations horaires dont les taux sont de 7 ± 0,5◦ Ma et 2,8 ± 0, 8◦ Ma−1 respectivement pour les blocs nord et sud. Après avoir retiré les rotations des blocs, le bloc nord montre une extension nord–sud de 120 ± 50 nstrain a−1, alors que le bloc sud indique que la déformation interne est encore dans la barre d’erreur (< 20 nstrain a−1). L’accumulation de la déformation à travers les failles majeures localisées le long de la côte sud du golfe de Corinthe est inférieure à 1 mma−1. Cela implique, pour ces failles, des temps de chargementet récurrence longs (500–1000 ans) pour les séismes de magnitude 6,5 à 7 s’y produisant.

Published
2004

425. Synergetic measurements of aerosols over São Paulo, Brazil using LIDAR, sunphotometer and satellite data during the dry season

Author

Demerval Soares Moreira, Andrea D A Castanho, M. P. M. P. Jorge, N.D. Vieira Junior, A. Z. de Freitas, Odón R. Sánchez-Ccoyllo, Eduardo Landulfo, R. F. Souza, Alexandros Papayannis, Paulo Artaxo, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares [São Paulo] (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Comissão National de Energia Nuclear (CNEN)-Universidade de São Paulo (USP), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Instituto de Física da Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), and Instituto de Geofísica

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, Meteorology, Planetary boundary layer, Atmospheric sciences, lcsh:QC1-999, Aerosol, Troposphere, lcsh:Chemistry, Altitude, Lidar, lcsh:QD1-999, Dry season, Environmental science, Satellite, Air mass, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

A backscattering LIDAR system, the first of this kind in Brazil, has been set-up in a suburban area in the city of São Paulo (23° 33' S, 46° 44' W) to provide the vertical profile of the aerosol backscatter coefficient at 532 nm up to an altitude of 4–6 km above sea level (a.s.l.). The measurements have been carried out during the second half of the so-called Brazilian dry season, September and October 2001 and during the first half of the dry season in August and September 2002. The LIDAR data are presented and analysed in synergy with aerosol optical thickness (AOT) measurements obtained by a CIMEL sun-tracking photometer in the visible spectral region and with satellite measurements obtained by the MODIS sensor. This synergetic approach has been used, not only to validate the LIDAR data, but also to derive a typical value (45 sr) of the so-called extinction-to-backscatter ratio (LIDAR ratio) during the dry season. The satellite data analysis offers additional information on the spatial distribution of aerosols over Brazil including the determination of aerosol source regions over the country. The LIDAR data were also used to retrieve the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) height, aerosol layering and the structure of the lower troposphere over the city of São Paulo. These first LIDAR measurements over the city of São Paulo during the dry season showed a significant variability of the AOT in the lower troposphere (0.5–5 km) at 532 nm. It was also found that the aerosol load is maximized in the 1–3 km height region, although up to 3 km thick aerosol layers were also detected in the 2.5–5.5 km region in certain cases. Three-dimensional 96-hours air mass back-trajectory analysis was also performed in selected cases to determine the source regions of aerosols around São Paulo during the dry season.

Published
2003

426. Study of the effect of different type of aerosols on UV-B radiation from measurements during EARLINET

Author

Balis, D. S., Amiridis, V., Zerefos, C., Kazantzidis, A., Kazadzis, S., Bais, A. F., Meleti, C., Papayannis, A., Matthias, V., Dier, H., Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory of Climatology and Atmospheric Environment [Athens] (LACAE), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, German Weather Service, and EGU, Publication

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract

Routine lidar measurements of the vertical distribution of the aerosol extinction coefficient and the extinction-to-backscatter ratio have been performed at Thessaloniki, Greece using a Raman lidar system in the frame of the EARLINET project since 2000. Spectral and broadband UV-B irradiance measurements, as well as total ozone observations, were available whenever lidar measurements were obtained. From the available measurements several cases could be identified that allowed the study of the effect of different types of aerosol on the levels of the UV-B solar irradiance at the Earth's surface. The TUV radiative transfer model has been used to simulate the irradiance measurements, using total ozone and the lidar aerosol data as input. From the comparison of the model results with the measured spectra the effective single scattering albedo was determined using an iterative procedure, which has been verified against results from the 1998 Lindenberg Aerosol Characterization Experiment. It is shown that the same aerosol optical depth and same total ozone values can show differences up to 10% in the UV-B irradiance at the Earth's surface, which can be attributed to differences in the aerosol type. It is shown that the combined use of the estimated single scattering albedo and the measured extinction-to-backscatter ratio leads to a better characterization of the aerosol type probed.

Published
2003

427. Integration of renewable energy source into energy system

Author

Zervos, Arthouros, Diakoulaki, Danae, Mayer, Didier, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Centre Énergétique et Procédés (CEP), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Published
2002

428. Set-based design of mechanical systems with design robustness integrated

Author

Régis Bigot, Jérôme Bruyère, Ahmed Jawad Qureshi, Jean-Yves Dantan, School of Mechanical Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Design & Control Systems, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Laboratoire de Conception Fabrication Commande (LCFC), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Engineering, Design space exploration, Strategy and Management, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, QCSP, Design objective, Robustness (computer science), Robust design, Management of Technology and Innovation, 0502 economics and business, Probabilistic design, Business and International Management, Manufacturing uncertainties, 021106 design practice & management, Concurrent engineering, Product design, Mécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur], business.industry, 05 social sciences, [SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph], Simulation-based design, Industrial engineering, Quantifier, Systems engineering, Set-based design, Electronic design automation, Design automation, business, Engineering design process, 050203 business & management
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents a method for parameter design of mechanical products based on a set-based approach. Set-based concurrent engineering emphasises on designing in a multi-stakeholder environment with concurrent involvement of the stakeholders in the design process. It also encourages flexibility in design through communication in terms of ranges instead of fixed point values and subsequent alternative solutions resulting from intersection of these ranges. These alternative solutions can then be refined and selected according to the designers’ preferences and clients’ needs. This paper presents a model and tools for integrated flexible design that take into account the manufacturing variations as well as the design objectives for finding inherently robust solutions using QCSP transformation through interval analysis. In order to demonstrate the approach, an example of design of rigid flange coupling with a variable number of bolts and a choice of bolts from ISO M standard has been resolved and demonstrated.

Published
2014

429. Active deformation of the Corinth rift, Greece: Results from repeated Global Positioning System surveys between 1990 and 1995

Author

Pierre Briole, Denis Hatzfeld, Jean-Claude Ruegg, K. Papazissi, Amalia Balodimou, C. Mitsakaki, Anne Deschamps, Alexis Rigo, Hélène Lyon-Caen, G. Veis, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), CRLNET, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, GPS, Soil Science, Magnitude (mathematics), [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Active fault, triangulation, Aquatic Science, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Corinth Rift, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Rift, Ecology, Greec, Seismotectonics, extension, deformation, Paleontology, Forestry, Crust, seismic deformation, Geodesy, Seismogenic layer, Tectonics, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Rift zone, Seismology, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Between 1990 and 1995, we carried out seven Global Positioning System (GPS) campaigns in the Corinth rift area in order to constrain the spatial and temporal crustal deformation of this active zone. The network, 193 points over ∼10,000 km2, samples most of the active faults. In order to estimate the deformation over a longer period, 159 of those points are also Greek triangulation pillars previously measured between 1966 and 1972. Two earthquakes of magnitude 6.2 and 5.9 have occurred in the network since it was installed. The extension rate deduced from the analysis of the different GPS data sets is 14±2 mm/yr oriented N9° in the west, 13±3 mm/yr oriented S-N in the center, and 10±4 mm/yr oriented N19°W in the east of the gulf. The comparison between GPS and triangulation gives higher rates and less angular divergence (25±7 mm/yr, N4°E; 22±7 mm/yr, S-N; 20±7 mm/yr, N15°W, respectively). Both sets of data indicate that the deforming zone is very narrow (10–15 km) in the west, might be wider in the center (15–20 km), and is more diffuse in the east. The analysis of the displacements observed after the Ms = 6.2, June 15, 1995, and the Ms = S.9, November 18, 1992, earthquakes, both located in the west of the gulf, together with seismological and tectonic observations shows that these two earthquakes occurred on low-angle (≤35°) north dipping normal faults located between 4.5 and 10 km depth in the inner part of the rift. Assuming that the deformation is concentrated in relatively narrow deforming zones, we use a simple model of a dislocation in an elastic half-space to study the implication of the localization. Using the geometry of the known seismogenic faults, our observations imply continuous aseismic deformation in the uppermost crust of the inner rift. This model predicts geodetic strain rates close to seismic strain rates in opposition to previous estimates. This is because our model takes into account the activity on low-angle normal faults in the inner rift and an effective seismogenic layer of 6–7 km, about half that usually assumed.

Published
2000

430. Displacement field and fault model for the September 7, 1999 Athens earthquake inferred from ERS2 satellite radar interferometry

Author

Charalampos Kontoes, Dominique Remy, Olga Sykioti, Panagiotis Elias, Ioannis Kotsis, G. Veis, Pierre Briole, Maria Sachpazi, Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing [Penteli] (IAASARS), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Observatory of Athens, Geodynamical Institute Lofos Nymfon, Higher Geodesy Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Slip (materials science), Slant range, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Blind thrust earthquake, 01 natural sciences, Interferometry, Geophysics, Amplitude, Displacement field, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Fault model, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

On September 7, 1999, a moderate (Mw=5.9) normal faulting earthquake occurred in the northwest of Athens (Hellas) causing heavy damages and casualties. Using interferometric combinations of ERS2 SAR images, we analyzed the coseismic deformation field. Two fringes are observed south of the Fill mountain, up to the coastline of the Elefsis gulf. They correspond to 56 mm increase in slant range. Modeling the earthquake as a dislocation in an elastic half-space, we inverted the interferometric data to assess the fault location and geometry and the amplitude of the coseismic slip. The model suggests -300 mm slip on an 18 km long blind fault composed of two pieces. The intersection of the fault plane with the Earth surface is located in the Fill mountain with a -N 120 o orientation.

Published
2000

431. Characterization of the vertical structure of Saharan dust export to the Mediterranean basin

Author

Dimitris Balis, X. Schneider, Alexandros Papayannis, Eric Hamonou, E. Galani, François Dulac, Gérard Ancellet, Patrick Chazette, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Chimie Atmosphérique Expérimentale (CAE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Planetary boundary layer, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer, Soil Science, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Mineral dust, Oceanography, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Troposphere, Sun photometer, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Ecology, Paleontology, Forestry, Aerosol, Boundary layer, Geophysics, Lidar, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Environmental science
Abstract

International audience; We present the results of our investigations into the vertical structure of several North African dust plumes exported to the Mediterranean in 1997. Two backscatter lidar systems were operated in the western and eastern parts of the Mediterranean basin during dust events identified using Meteosat visible images. Dust transport soundings have shown that dust particles are trapped and transported inside well‐defined layers in the free troposphere. In general, the dust transport appeared to be multilayered, with several distinct layers at different altitudes between 1.5 and 5 km. The analysis of Meteosat IR images, the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer aerosol index, and back‐trajectories clearly shows that these layers have different origins in Africa. Finally, in addition to the free troposphere transport, the presence of dust particles inside the planetary boundary layer has been assessed and quantified for two particular events with aerosol optical thickness of 0.3–0.4. using simultaneous lidar and Sun photometer measurements. In one case only, significant dust load (dust optical thickness of ∼0.1) occurred in the boundary layer.

Published
1999

432. Crustal strain in central Greece from repeated GPS measurements in the interval 1989–1997

Author

Clarke, P. J., Davies, R. R., England, P. C., Parsons, B., Billiris, H., Paradissis, D., Veis, G., Cross, P. A., Denys, P. H., Ashkenazi, V., Bingley, R., Kahle, H.-G., Muller, M.-V., Briole, P., Department of Earth Sciences [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Department of Geomatic Engineering, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], Institute of Engineering Surveying and Space Geodesy, University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Deformation (mechanics), Greece, Epoch (reference date), business.industry, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], GPS, Geodetic datum, seismic hazard, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geodesy, 01 natural sciences, Displacement (vector), Geophysics, Seismic hazard, strain, Geochemistry and Petrology, Orientation (geometry), velocity field, Global Positioning System, business, Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Reference frame
Abstract

Gheophysical Journal International, 135 (1), ISSN:1365-246X, ISSN:0956-540X

Published
1998

433. The Ms = 6.2, June 15, 1995 Aigion earthquake (Greece): evidence for low angle normal faulting in the Corinth rift

Author

Bernard, Pascal, Briole, Pierre, Meyer, Bertrand, Lyon-Caen, H., Gomez, M., Tiberi, C., Berge, C., Cattin, R., Hatzfeld, D., Lachet, C., Lebrun, B., Deschamps, Anne, Courboulex, Françoise, Larroque, Christophe, Rigo, A., Massonnet, D., Papadimitriou, P., Kassaras, J., Diagourtas, D., Makropoulos, K., Veis, G., Papazisi, E., Mitsakaki, C., Karakostas, V., Papadimitriou, E., Papanastassiou, D., Chouliaras, M., Stavrakakis, G., Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Department of Geophysics and Geothermics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, National Observatory of Athens, ISARS, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
Greece, normal faulting, earthquake, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Corinth Rift
Abstract

International audience; We present the results of a multidisciplinary study of the Ms = 6.2, 1995, June 15, Aigion earthquake (Gulf of Corinth, Greece). In order to constrain the rupture geometry, we used all available data from seismology (local, regional and teleseismic records of the mainshock and of aftershocks), geodesy (GPS and SAR interferometry), and tectonics. Part of these data were obtained during a postseismic field study consisting of the surveying of 24 GPS points, the temporary installation of 20 digital seismometers, and a detailed field investigation for surface fault break. The Aigion fault was the only fault onland which showed detectable breaks (< 4 cm). We relocated the mainshock hypocenter at 10 km in depth, 38 ° 21.7 ′ N, 22 ° 12.0 ′ E, about 15 km NNE to the damaged city of Aigion. The modeling of teleseismic P and SH waves provides a seismic moment Mo = 3.4 1018 N.m, a well constrained focal mechanism (strike 277 °, dip 33 °, rake − 77°), at a centroidal depth of 7.2 km, consistent with the NEIC and the revised Harvard determinations. It thus involved almost pure normal faulting in agreement with the tectonics of the Gulf. The horizontal GPS displacements corrected for the opening of the gulf (1.5 cm/year) show a well-resolved 7 cm northward motion above the hypocenter, which eliminates the possibility of a steep, south-dipping fault plane. Fitting the S-wave polarization at SERG, 10 km from the epicenter, with a 33° northward dipping plane implies a hypocentral depth greater than 10 km. The north dipping fault plane provides a poor fit to the GPS data at the southern points when a homogeneous elastic half-space is considered: the best fit geodetic model is obtained for a fault shallower by 2 km, assuming the same dip. We show with a two-dimensional model that this depth difference is probably due to the distorting effect of the shallow, low-rigidity sediments of the gulf and of its edges. The best-fit fault model, with dimensions 9 km E–W and 15 km along dip, and a 0.87 m uniform slip, fits InSAR data covering the time of the earthquake. The fault is located about 10 km east-northeast to the Aigion fault, whose surface breaks thus appears as secondary features. The rupture lasted 4 to 5 s, propagating southward and upward on a fault probably outcropping offshore, near the southern edge of the gulf. In the shallowest 4 km, the slip – if any – has not exceeded about 30 cm. This geometry implies a large directivity effect in Aigion, in agreement with the accelerogram aig which shows a short duration (2 s) and a large amplitude (0.5 g) of the direct S acceleration. This unusual low-angle normal faulting may have been favoured by a low-friction, high pore pressure fault zone, or by a rotation of the stress directions due to the possible dip towards the south of the brittle-ductile transition zone. This fault cannot be responsible for the long term topography of the rift, which is controlled by larger normal faults with larger dip angles, implying either a seldom, or a more recently started activity of such low angle faults in the central part of the rift.

Published
1997

434. Meteosat and ground-based optical measurements of desert dust within European project MEDUSE

Author

Dulac, François, Hamonou, Eric, Schneider, X., Moulin, C., Chazette, Patrick, Liberti, Gian Luigi, Paronis, Dimitri, Lambert, C., Legrand, Michel, Defossez, J.B., Balis, Dimitrios, Papayannis, Alexandros, Ancellet, Gérard, Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos, Centre des Faibles Radioactivités, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Modélisation du Climat et de l'Environnement (LMCE), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory [Heraklion] (ECPL), Department of Chemistry [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)-University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Aptel, Florence

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; We present here an overview of our remote sensing studies of African dust in the Mediterranean region, performed in the frame of the European MEDUSE (Mediterranean DUSt Experiment). The data used include images from Meteosat VIS and IR channels, Sun photometer measurements of the aerosol optical thickness at three coastal stations, and lidar profiling of the aerosol vertical distribution. Operational products distributed daily from Meteosat data are presented. Those are a dust quick-look, and maps of a dust index over land and of the dust optical thickness over ocean. Monitoring of the spectral aerosol optical thickness using Sun photometer measurements shows relatively large background values due to submicronic particles and allows us to test our Meteosat inversion of dust optical thickness. Lidar measurements show that dust particles are present in well identified layers above the atmospheric boundary layer, up to 4-6 km in altitude. A case study of dust transport over the eastern Mediterranean combining Meteosat, Sun photometer and lidar data is discussed.

Published
1997

435. From precursors to prediction: a few recent cases from Greece

Author

G Veis, P Milas, P Pinettes, Panagiotis Hatzidimitriou, Pascal Bernard, Emmanuel M. Scordilis, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), School of Geology [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Greece, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Anomaly (natural sciences), Earthquake prediction, Magnitude (mathematics), Induced seismicity, earthquake precursors, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Foreshock, earthquake prediction, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Magnetotellurics, Epicenter, Noise level, Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; The two destructive earthquakes of 1995 in Greece, the May 13 Ms = 6.6 Kozani-Grevena and the June 15 Ms = 6.2 Aigion events, provide interesting material for analysing problems related to the identification of precursors and to the efficiency and usefulness of prediction. The Kozani earthquake was preceded, within 30 minutes of the main shock, by five foreshocks with magnitude greater than 3.5 (Papazachos et al. 1995). We relocated these events with respect to each other, showing that they are clustered within 2 km of one another, about 5 to 10 km to the SSW of the main-shock epicentre. This size of foreshock clustering correctly fits the correlation law with the main-shock magnitude obtained by Dodge, Beroza & Ellsworth (1996) for Californian earthquakes. These foreshocks led to people leaving their houses, which explains the absence of casualties, despite the partial destruction of several villages. The possibility of issuing predictions in this area from the observation of earthquake clustering is analysed in light of the seismicity observed during the last 15 years. A prediction was issued by the VAN group before this earthquake, based on SES signals (IOA station, 18-19 April 1995), which is considered by VAN as a success (Varotsos et al. 1996a), but is in fact a failure to predict (Geller 1996). This SES was also recorded by a magnetotelluric station installed by IPGP, a few kilometres from IOA (Gruszow et al. 1996). Gruszow et al. (1996) suggested an artificial origin for the SES, but could not track it. Simple amplitude estimates show that a local, natural source such as an electrokinetic effect is unlikely, and that a remote electrokinetic source in the epicentral area can be even more confidently rejected. Another SES on VAN's network (VOL station, 30 April 1995) led the VAN group to predict an earthquake outside the IOA sensitivity area (IOA did not record any anomaly), and to announce a success when the Aigion earthquake occurred (Varotsos et al. 1996a); however, this event was located inside the IOA sensitivity area, and the prediction was hence a failure (Wyss 1996; Geller 1996; Bernard et al. 1997). Furthermore, at the time of this SES, no tilt nor strain was observed above the noise level of a few 10 (super -8) at the IPGP/NTUA Galaxidi geophysical observatory, 20 km from the hypocentre, leading Pinettes et al. (1996) to conclude that the electrical source of this SES was most probably located near VOL, 100 km away, whatever its correlation with the earthquake.

Published
1997

436. An Advanced Control System for Wind/Diesel Power Systems

Author

Nogaret, Eric, Stavrakakis, Georges, Kariniotakis, Georges, Papadopoulos, Michael, Hatziargyriou, Nikos, Androutsos, Aris, Papathanassiou, Stavros, Lopes, Joao Abel Peças, Halliday, Jim, Dutton, Geoff, Gatopoulos, John, Karagounis, Vaggelis, CEP/Sophia, Centre Énergétique et Procédés (CEP), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering [Crete] (E.C.E), Technical University of Crete [Chania], National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science [Porto] (INESC TEC), CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), AMBER S.A, and European Project: JOU2-CT92-0053,LEMNOS

Subjects
Diesel power, Dynamic Security Assessment, Load forecasting, Economic dispatch, [SPI.ENERG]Engineering Sciences [physics]/domain_spi.energ, Island systems, Geographical islands, Energy Management Systems, Wind Power Forecasting, Wind power, Power System Scheduling
Abstract

International audience; In this paper an advanced control system for the optimal operation and management of medium-sized autonomous wind-diesel power systems is presented. This control system minimises the production costs through an on-line optimal scheduling of the power units, which takes into account the technical constraints of the diesel-units, as well as short-term forecasts of the load and the renewable resources. The power system security is maximised through on-line security assessment modules, which enable the power system to withstand sudden changes in the production of the renewable sources. The control system was evaluated using data from the island of Lemnos, where it has been installed and operates since January 1995.

Published
1996

437. Time Series Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry for Ground Deformation Monitoring over a Small Scale Tectonically Active Deltaic Environment (Mornos, Central Greece)

Author

Penelope Kourkouli, Michael Foumelis, Vassilia Karathanassi, Issaak Parcharidis, Efthimios Karymbalis, Department of Geography, Harokopio University, and National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA)

Subjects
Delta, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Deltas, Time series analysis, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Synthetic aperture radar, Deformation (meteorology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Deformation monitoring, Corinth Rift, 14. Life underwater, Geomorphology, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, geography, River delta, geography.geographical_feature_category, Greece, Ecology, Subsidence, Deformations, Interferometry, Amplitude, Mornos Delta, Geology
Abstract

International audience; This study deals with the estimation of subtle ground deformation at millimetric accuracy over the broader area of the Mornos River delta in Central Greece and its spatio-temporal distribution for the period between 1992 and 2009 through Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI). The results showed that the majority of the scatterers, which show subsidence, are located within the delta plain with mean subsidence rates throughout the delta varying between -7.2 and +0.7 mm/y. An attempt is made to highlight the geographic distribution, the amplitude, and the causes of the observed delta plain subsidence. The positive correlation between the thickness of the fine-grained Holocene deltaic deposits and the subsidence rates reveals that the main cause is the natural compaction of sediments. The highest subsidence is observed at Bouka Karahassani village, which corresponds to the area of the most recently abandoned river mouth, which is intensely eroded by marine processes. Apart from the dominance of fine sediments in the study area, subsidence may also be attributed to submarine gravitational mass movements along the steep slopes of the prodelta as well as to the reduction of sediment load after the dam construction in 1979. The NW part of the delta seems to have been affected by aseismic slip along a NE-SW trending normal fault buried beneath the alluvial deposits of the Skala torrent fan.

Published
2011

438. Towards canonical quantum gravity for 3+1 geometries admitting maximally symmetric two-dimensional surfaces

Author

Th. Grammenos, Andromahi Spanou, G. O. Papadopoulos, G. Doulis, Petros A. Terzis, Theodosios Christodoulakis, Evangelos Melas, Department of Physics [Athens], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Electrical Engineering Department, Technological Educational Institution of Lamia, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Thessaly [Volos] (UTH), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dalhousie University [Halifax], School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, and National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA)

Subjects
Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Canonical quantization, Scalar (mathematics), Parameterized complexity, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Manifold, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Physical Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Decomposition (computer science), Canonical quantum gravity, 010306 general physics, Mathematical physics
Abstract

International audience; 1 Abstract The 3+1 (canonical) decomposition of all geometries admitting two-dimensional space-like surfaces is exhibited. A proposal consisting of a specific re-normalization Assumption and an accompanying Requirement is put forward, which enables the canonical quantization of these geometries, through a generalization of Kuchar's quantization scheme in the case infinite degrees of freedom. The resulting Wheeler-deWitt equation is based on a re-normalized manifold parameterized by three smooth scalar functionals. The entire space of solutions to this equation is analytically given, exploiting the freedom left by the imposition of the Requirement and contained in the third functional.

Published
2010

439. SOURCE, TRANSPORT AND DEPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERIC PHOSPHORUS OVER THE NORTHWESTERN MEDITERRANEAN

Author

Rémi Losno, Bernadette Chatenet, E. Remoudaki, Patrick Buat-Ménard, Gilles Bergametti, E. Steiner, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Faibles Radioactivités, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
Hydrology, Mediterranean climate, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Phosphorus, chemistry.chemical_element, 15. Life on land, 010501 environmental sciences, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, Troposphere, Mediterranean sea, Deposition (aerosol physics), chemistry, 13. Climate action, Dry season, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Photic zone, Air mass, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Atmospheric concentrations and total deposition (wet+dry) of phosphorus were measured over the northwestern Mediterranean between april 1985 and march 1988. A seasonal cycle of both atmospheric concentrations and total deposition is observed, the higher values being recorded during the dry season. Air-mass trajectory analyses allow an identification of the major sources of atmospheric phosphorus: soil-derived dust from desert areas of north Africa and anthropogenic emissions from european countries. The impact of the atmospheric input as a source of phosphorus for surface Mediterranean waters is tentatively assessed on both annual and seasonal time scales. The results suggest that the atmospheric input of phosphorus could be significant to Mediterranean oligotrophic zones, especially during summer when phosphorus input from deeper waters into the photic layer is minimum.

Published
1992

440. A European aerosol research lidar network to establish an aerosol climatology (EARLINET)

Author

Jacques Pelon, Volker Freudenthaler, Jens Bösenberg, Nicola Spinelli, Alexandros Papayannis, Anatoli Chaikovsky, Johannes Schneider, A. Hagard, P. Flamant, G. Visconti, Adolfo Comerón, Thomas Trickl, Bertrand Calpini, Gelsomina Pappalardo, Maria Rita Perrone, Christine Böckmann, Geraint Vaughan, D. P. Resendes, Valentin Mitev, Ina Mattis, Dimitrios Balis, J., Schneider, D., Bali, C., Bockmann, J., Bosemberg, B., Calpini, A. P., Chaikovsky, A., Cameron, P., Flamant, V., Freudenthaler, A., Hagard, I., Matti, Perrone, Maria Rita, A., Papayanni, G., Pappalardo, J., Pelon, M. R., Perrone, D. P., Resende, N., Spinelli, T., Trickl, G., Vaughan, G., Visconti, J., Bosenberg, A., Comeron, V., Mitev, Spinelli, Nicola, AND G., Visconti, Leibniz-Institut für Atmosphärenphysik (IAP), Universität Rostock-Leibniz Association, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Institut für Mathematik [Potsdam], Universität Potsdam, Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics [Minsk], National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NASB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Meteorologisches Institut München (MIM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Observatoire Cantonal de Neuchâtel (OCN), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale (IMAA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Potenza] (CNR), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM), Università del Salento [Lecce], Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche [Naples], Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Fraunhofer-Institut für Atmosphärische Umweltforschung, Department of Physics [Aberystwyth], Aberystwyth University, Dipartimento di Fisica [L'Aquila], Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Publica, University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, and Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ)

Subjects
optical properties, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Atmospheric Science, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Mechanical Engineering, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Aerosol, 010309 optics, remote sensing, Lidar, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Remote sensing (archaeology), 0103 physical sciences, Environmental science, aerosol climatology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lidar, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

International audience

Published
2000

441. Dipole electromagnetic forces on thin wires under transient high voltage pulses

Author

Theophanes E. Raptis, C. D. Papageorgiou, Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), DAT – NCSR 'Demokritos', and Athens

Subjects
Physics, High voltage, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Nuclear matter, 01 natural sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Dipole, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Physical Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Classical electromagnetism, High current, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Instrumentation, Computer Science::Databases
Abstract

International audience; In this article we present an alternative explanation of the phenomenon of wire fragmentation under high transient currents based on classical electromagnetism. We also explain how this phenomenon can be utilized as a primitive example of low energy-high power disruptive phenomena that can affect even nuclear matter.

Published
2009

442. Ground-based measurements of Saharan dust optical properties in the frame of the European MEDUSE Project

Author

Dimitris Balis, Franco Marenco, Eric Hamonou, Gérard Ancellet, Patrick Chazette, Alexandros Papayannis, V. Santacesaria, Laboratoire de Modélisation du Climat et de l'Environnement (LMCE), Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Service d'aéronomie (SA), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Atmospheric Science, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Mechanical Engineering, sun, Frame (networking), 010501 environmental sciences, Mineral dust, MEDUSE, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Saharan dust events, Environmental science, photometer, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, aerosols, lidar, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

International audience

Published
1997

443. A Cylinder Shear Apparatus

Author

L David Suits, TC Sheahan, A Corfdir, P Lerat, I Vardoulakis, Laboratoire Navier (navier umr 8205), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Service Technique de l'Aviation Civile, and National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA)

Subjects
Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Rheometer, [SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph], Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Triaxial shear test, 01 natural sciences, Shear rate, Simple shear, Shear (geology), Shear stress, Geotechnical engineering, Direct shear test, business, Soil mechanics, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Studies of the interface between soil and an element of structure are actively carried out, considering the importance of the behavior of such interfaces in civil engineering applications such as deep foundations, retaining structures, and soil reinforcement. In the past a wide variety of different testing devices have been used, such as the modified direct or simple shear apparatus, pull-out devices, and annular shear apparatuses. Here a new shear device, the cylinder shear apparatus, is presented that has been designed to enhance our shear testing possibilities. This new shear device allows, as ring shear devices, significant shear displacements with an improved homogeneity of the interface. It allows also the control of the normal confining stress, stress control in a direction parallel to the interface, and visualization of the interface kinematics. The cylinder shear apparatus gives also the possibility of performing tests with natural granular material and/or with Schneebeli's rollers, with dry, saturated, drained and undrained samples and continuous pore fluid pressure monitoring.

Published
2004

444. On temporal logic versus datalog

Author

Irène Guessarian, Foto N. Afrati, Theodore Andronikos, Eugénie Foustoucos, Laboratoire d'informatique Algorithmique : Fondements et Applications (LIAFA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), and Guessarian, Irene

Subjects
Datalog, [INFO.INFO-LO] Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], General Computer Science, Normal modal logic, Temporal logic, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Fixed point, 01 natural sciences, Theoretical Computer Science, Linear temporal logic, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-DB] Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Mathematics, computer.programming_language, Discrete mathematics, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Verification, [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], Modal logic, 020207 software engineering, 16. Peace & justice, Least fixed point, Modal, TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, TheoryofComputation_LOGICSANDMEANINGSOFPROGRAMS, F.2.3. F.3.1. F.4.1, computer, Computer Science(all)
Abstract

We provide a direct and modular translation from the temporal logics $CTL$, $ETL$, $FCTL$ ($CTL$ extended with the ability to express fairness) and the Modal $\mu$-calculus to Monadic inf-Datalog with built-in predicates. We call it inf-Datalog because the semantics we provide is a little different from the conventional Datalog least fixed point semantics, in that some recursive rules (corresponding to least fixed points) are allowed to unfold only finitely many times, whereas others (corresponding to greatest fixed points) are allowed to unfold infinitely many times. We characterize the fragments of Monadic inf-Datalog that have the same expressive power as Modal Logic (resp. $CTL$, alternation-free Modal $\mu$-calculus and Modal $\mu$-calculus). Our translation is interesting because it is direct and succinct. Moreover the fragments of Monadic inf-Datalog that we have exhibited have very simple syntactic characterizations as subsets of what we call Modal inf-Datalog programs.

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445. Towards Next Generation Short-term forcasting of Wind power - The Anemos Project

Author

Georges Kariniotakis, Moussafir, J., Buty, D., Usaola, J., Sanchez, I., Marti, I., Madsen, H., Nielsen, T. S., Lac, C., Frayssinet, P., H-P, Waldl, Dierich, F., Halliday, J., Brownsword, R., Giebel, G., Landberg, L., Kallos, G., Louka, P., Ottavi, J., Focken, U., Lange, M., Kintxo Ancín, J., Toefting, J., Mccoy, D., Fagan, E., Collmann, M., Thalassinakis, E., Gigandidou, A., Gonzales Morales, G., Barquero, C., Arriba, P., Cruz, I., Hatziargyriou, N., Sideratos, G., Centre Énergétique et Procédés (CEP), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), ARIA Technologies, Université Carlos III de Madrid, Centro Nacional de Energías Renovables - Fundación CENER-CIEMAT (CENER), Department of Informatics and Mathematical Modelling [Lyngby] (IMM), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Météo France, overspeed GmBh&CoKG, GmBh&CoKG, CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy (Risø DTU), Institute of Accelerating Systems and Applications [Athens] (IASA), EDF (EDF), University of Oldenburg, EHN, ELSAM, ESB National Grid - Power System Operation, EWE - Germany, EWE, Public Power Corporation - Grèce (PPC), PPC, Red Eléctrica de España (REE), Red Eléctrica de España, IDAE - Spain, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), European Project: ENK5-CT-2002-00665,ANEMOS, Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Météo-France Direction Interrégionale Sud-Est (DIRSE), and Météo-France

Subjects
numerical weather predictions, on-line software, short-term forecasting, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Wind power, wind integration, energy meteorology
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents the objectives and the research work carried out in the frame of the ANEMOS project on short-term wind power forecasting. The aim of the project is to develop accurate models that substantially outperform current state-of-the-art methods, for onshore and offshore wind power forecasting, exploiting both statistical and physical modeling approaches. The project focus on prediction horizons up to 48 hours ahead and investigates predictability of wind for higher horizons up to 7 days ahead useful i.e. for maintenance scheduling. Emphasis is given on the integration of high-resolution meteorological forecasts. For the offshore case, marine meteorology is considered as well as information by satellite-radar images. Specific modules are also developed for on-line uncertainty and prediction risk estimation. An integrated software platform, 'ANEMOS', is developed to host the various models. This system will be installed by several end-users for on-line operation at onshore and offshore wind farms for prediction at a local, regional and national scale. The applications include different terrain types and wind climates, on-and offshore cases, and interconnected or island grids. The on-line operation by the utilities will allow validation of the models and an analysis of the value of wind prediction for a competitive integration of wind energy in the developing liberalized electricity markets in the EU.

446. Telex: A Semantic Platform for Cooperative Application Development

Author

Lamia Benmouffok, Jean-Michel Busca, Joan Manuel Marquès, Marc Shapiro, Pierre Sutra, Georgios Tsoukalas, Large-Scale Distributed Systems and Applications (Regal), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 (LIP6), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Paris-Rocquencourt, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UOC), and National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC]
Abstract

International audience; Developing write-sharing applications is challenging. Remote and offline data sharing are increasingly important. We propose a generic platform called Telex to ease development and to provide guarantees. Telex is driven by application semantics. Telex takes care of replication and persistence, drives application progress, and ensures that replicas eventually agree on a correct, common state. We show by example how application design proceeds from high-level application invariants to application-provided parameters that guides Telex. The main data structure of Telex is a large, replicated, highly dynamic graph; we discuss the engineering trade-offs for such a graph and our solutions. Finally, we report an experimental evaluation of Telex based on a cooperative calendar application and on benchmarks.

447. CFD, potential flow and system-based simulations of fully appended free running 5415M in calm water and waves

Author

G.J. Grigoropoulos, Serge Toxopeus, Woei-Min Lin, Frederick Stern, Michel Visonneau, Tin-Guen Yen, Emmanuel Guilmineau, Hamid Sadat-Hosseini, Hydroscience and Engineering [Iowa City] (IIHR), University of Iowa [Iowa City], Maritime Research Institute Netherlands (MARIN), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), and NATO-AVT

Subjects
Finite element method, Computer science, Marine engineering, 020101 civil engineering, Ocean Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Computational fluid dynamics, Matemàtiques i estadística::Anàlisi numèrica::Mètodes en elements finits [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], course-keeping, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0201 civil engineering, 5415M, course-keeping, waves, CFD, validation, NATO AVT-161, 0103 physical sciences, waves, 14. Life underwater, validation, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics, 5415M, NATO AVT-161, Potential flow, CFD, business
Abstract

5415M, course-keeping, waves, CFD, validation, NATO AVT-161 Abstract. The seakeeping ability of ships is one of the aspects that needs to be assessed during the design phase of ships. Traditionally, potential flow calculations and model tests are employed to investigate whether the ship performs according to specified criteria. With the increase of computational power nowadays, advanced computational tools such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) become within reach of application during the assessment of ship designs. In the present paper, a detailed validation study of several computational methods for ship dynamics is presented. These methods range from low-fidelity system-based methods, to potential flow methods, to high-fidelity CFD tools. The ability of the methods to predict motions in calm water as well as in waves is investigated. In calm water, the roll decay behavior of a fully appended self-propelled free running 5415M model is investigated first. Subsequently, forced roll motions simulated by oscillating the rudders or stabilizer fins are studied. Lastly, the paper discusses comparisons between experiments and simulations in waves with varying levels of complexity, i.e. regular head waves, regular beam waves and bi-chromatic waves. The predictions for all methods are validated with an extensive experimental data set for ship motions and loads on appendages such as rudders, fins and bilge keels. Comparisons between the different methods and with the experiments are made for the relevant motions and the high fidelity CFD results are used to explain some of the complex physics. The course keeping and seakeeping of the model, the reduction rate of the roll motion, the effectiveness of the fin stabilizers as roll reduction device and the interaction of the roll motion with other motions are investigated as well. The paper shows that only high-fidelity CFD is able to accurately predict all the relevant physics during roll decay, forced oscillation and sailing in waves.

448. Combining Cloud and sensors in a smart city environment

Author

Antonio Puliafito, Symeon Papavassiliou, Kishor S. Trivedi, Nathalie Mitton, Self-organizing Future Ubiquitous Network (FUN), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), University of Messina, and Duke University [Durham]

Subjects
Service (systems architecture), smart cities, Computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, Internet of Things, Cloud computing, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Web of Things, sensor networks, Smart city, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Computer Science Applications, Data sharing, Information and Communications Technology, Signal Processing, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, The Internet, business, Telecommunications, Wireless sensor network, computer
Abstract

In the current worldwide ICT scenario, a constantly growing number of ever more powerful devices (smartphones, sensors, household appliances, RFID devices, etc.) join the Internet, significantly impacting the global traffic volume (data sharing, voice, multimedia, etc.) and foreshadowing a world of (more or less) smart devices, or “things” in the Internet of Things (IoT) perspective. Heterogeneous resources can be aggregated and abstracted according to tailored thing-like semantics, thus enabling Things as a Service paradigm, or better a “Cloud of Things”. In the Future Internet initiatives, sensor networks will assume even more of a crucial role, especially for making smarter cities. Smarter sensors will be the peripheral elements of a complex future ICT world. However, due to differences in the “appliances” being sensed, smart sensors are very heterogeneous in terms of communication technologies, sensing features and elaboration capabilities. This article intends to contribute to the design of a pervasive infrastructure where new generation services interact with the surrounding environment, thus creating new opportunities for contextualization and geo-awareness. The architecture proposal is based on Sensor Web Enablement standard specifications and makes use of the Contiki Operating System for accomplishing the IoT. Smart cities are assumed as the reference scenario.

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449. Operation and control of island systems - The Crete case

Author

Basil C. Papadias, J. Halliday, Gordon N. Dutton, J. A. Pecas Lopes, Manuel A. Matos, Nikos Hatziargyriou, Anastasios G. Bakirtzis, Aris Androutsos, J. Stefanakis, P.S. Dokopoulos, M.P. Papadopoulos, Georges Contaxis, Georges Kariniotakis, Antiopi Gigantidou, Eric Nogaret, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science [Porto] (INESC TEC), Centre d'energetique (CENERG), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre Procédés, Énergies Renouvelables, Systèmes Énergétiques (PERSEE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Public Power Corporation - Grèce (PPC), PPC, IEEE PES, and European Project: JOR3960119,CARE

Subjects
Engineering, Isolated power systems, island systems, energy management, renewable energies, energy management system, contigencies, load forecasting, Distribution management system, Power budget, Steady state security assessment, Electric power system, on line evaluation, wind power forecasting, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], operation and control, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], business.industry, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Control engineering, Power (physics), Renewable energy, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Base load power plant, Control system, optimal scheduling, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], business, Power control
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, an advanced control system for the optimal operation and management of isolated power systems with increased renewable power integration is presented. The control system minimises the production costs through on-line optimal scheduling of the power units, taking into account short-term forecasts of the load and the renewable resources. The power system security is supervised via on-line security assessment modules, which emulate the power system frequency changes caused by pre-selected disturbances. For each of the above functions, a number of techniques have been applied, both conventional and AI based. The system has been installed in the dispatch center of Crete since June 1999, and is under evaluation.

450. Looking to the future for being well-seen: Further evidences about the normative feature of the Future Time Perspective

Author

Guignard, S., Raquel Bertoldo, Goula, K., Apostolidis, T., Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale (LPS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE), and National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA)

Subjects
normativity, normativité, norme sociale, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, social value, Perspective Temporelle Future, valeur sociale, social norm, Future Time Perspective
Abstract

International audience; Recently, the normativity of the Future Time Perspective construct (FTP) has been demonstrated in a French context. In this article, we intend to address the normativity of FTP in other European countries experiencing the crisis and facing important uncertainties regarding their future. The present research aims to replicate and extend this sociocognitive approach to FTP to two other Western societies. Two studies were conducted in Greece and Portugal, using the self-presentation (Study 1) and the judge paradigm (Study 2) of the sociocognitive approach. On the whole, results reveal a general valorization of the FTP construct in these two contexts. Findings are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that FTP is a social norm in contemporary Western societies.; Récemment, la normativité associée au construit de Perspective Temporelle Future (PTF) a été démontrée dans le contexte français. Dans cet article, nous avons cherché à analyser la normativité de la PTF dans d’autres pays Européens faisant actuellement l’expérience d’une crise économique et devant faire face à des incertitudes importantes concernant leur futur. La recherche présentée vise à répliquer et développer cette approche sociocognitive de la PTF à deux autres pays occidentaux. Deux études ont été menées, en Grèce et au Portugal, utilisant le paradigme d’auto-présentation (Etude 1) et le paradigme des juges (Etude 2). Dans l’ensemble, les données révèlent une valorisation globale du construit PTF dans ces deux contextes. Ces résultats sont discutés en considérant l’hypothèse de la PTF en tant que norme sociale dans les sociétés occidentales contemporaines.

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