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The article by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov expresses the attitude of the Russian professors to the processes of transformation of domestic science and education and the search for their foundations, one of which was the concept of the carnival of M. Bakhtin. The applicability of this concept in relation to postmodern social reality is questionable, since the carnival involves the inversion of the “triumphant truth”, relativized in the familiar form of “buffoonery and debunking”. Modern reality no longer contains the “triumphant truth” that could be subjected to inversion; in this regard, only buffoonery remains from the concept of the carnival. We offer our own view on the foundations of the transformation of science and education in Russia, in a postmodern manner suggesting the duality of reality. The first is bureaucratic reality, described by the metaphor of McDonaldization (D. Ritzer), focused on the goal-oriented market relations of “educational services”, quantitative calculation of ratings and controllability of the system. The second reality is the collective unconscious of Russian teachers, whose position is not close to the carnival inversion of M. Bakhtin, but to the traditionalist mystical and religious inversion of R. Genon. Modernity appears to be a distortion of the primordial Tradition, the sacred initiation, in the role of which the Soviet system of science and education most often appears. Each phenomenon becomes the opposite of its true meaning - “servants” teachers, “athletes” scientists, “clowns” experts, while “true” science and education are presented as something self-evident. Both realities are not capable of dialogue, since the former is oriented towards market-oriented rationality and social opportunism, while the latter is oriented toward implicitly or explicitly sacred ethical values of the “cult of science and progress”. Under these conditions, it is naive for scientists to wait for an understanding of their intentions from the reality of the bureaucracy, but it is pointless and destructive to conflict with it. A more realistic way of developing science and education is the self-organization of the scientific community through the formation of circles and dialogue between them, which can be a real discussion.

A comprehensive analysis of extensive primary (morphological, geological, geophysical, and geochemical—including deep-sea drilling) data provides deep insight into the morphostructure, geology, and evolution of the West Australian Ridge (WAR) (or Broken Ridge), which unambiguously testify to its continental origin. The northeastern slope was distinguished additionally to two previously known main morphostructural elements of the ridge: the northern and southern slopes. It is inclined towards the Naturaliste abyssal plain and structurally forms its northwestern framing. It has been established that the morphology of the slopes is caused by the peculiarities of the tectonic development of the adjacent basins. It is determined that the sedimentary cover of the central part of the northern slope contains a lower (basal) seismoacoustic complex, which has not been exposed by deep-sea drilling and formed no later than the Early Cretaceous. The final subsidence of individual fragments of the ridge and the formation of its present-day morphostructure, as well as the structural-tectonic rearrangement of the adjacent areas, occurred at the youngest phase of tectonic activation in the Late Miocene–Pliocene.

—Scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction analyses, and durometry are used to study changes in the structure, phase composition, and hardness of a quenched titanium Ti‒10V–2Fe–3Al alloy in the course of aging at 500°С for 2–32 h. A complex analysis of changes in the lattice parameters of the primary and secondary α phases formed in the alloy during aging has been performed for the first time using full-profile X-ray diffraction analysis. Aging-induced changes in the hardness of the alloy are shown to be determined both by the sizes of formed secondary α-phase particles and changes in the alloying of the matrix β solid solution.

Within the last decade, considerable efforts have been devoted to fabricating transistors utilizing 2D semiconductors. Also, small circuits consisting of a few transistors have been demonstrated, including inverters, ring oscillators, and static random access memory cells. However, for industrial applications, both time-zero and time-dependent variability in the performance of the transistors appear critical. While time-zero variability is primarily related to immature processing, time-dependent drifts are dominated by charge trapping at defects located at the channel/insulator interface and in the insulator itself, which can substantially degrade the stability of circuits. At the current state of the art, 2D transistors typically exhibit a few orders of magnitude higher trap densities than silicon devices, which considerably increases their time-dependent variability, resulting in stability and yield issues. Here, the stability of currently available 2D electronics is carefully evaluated using circuit simulations to determine the impact of transistor-related issues on the overall circuit performance. The results suggest that while the performance parameters of transistors based on certain material combinations are already getting close to being competitive with Si technologies, a reduction in variability and defect densities is required. Overall, the criteria for parameter variability serve as guidance for evaluating the future development of 2D technologies.

The methods of optical microscopy, x-ray phase analysis and microindentation are used to study the effect of vacuum annealing at 750, 800 and 850°C on the structure, phase composition and microhardness characteristics over cross section of welded joints of unlike alloys OT4 – VT6, VT20 – VT6 and VT23 – VT6. Recommendations are developed on the temperature of vacuum annealing of the welded compositions studied, which provide gradual variation of the hardness parameters in welded joints upon transition from the matrix metal of one alloy to the other.

Titanium alloy VTI-4 based on orthorhombic titanium aluminide Ti2AlNb is studied in the initial condition and after charging with hydrogen to different concentrations. The kinetics and the rate of hydrogen release from the hydrogen-charged alloys during a 30-min hold at 900°C in a flow of a high-purity inert gas (argon) is analyzed. The curves obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis are plotted under continuous heating to 1200°C in the inert argon atmosphere at a rate of 20 K/min. The microstructure of the alloy is studied.

Over the past decades, public consciousness has undergone reconsideration of the spiritual values. This heightened the interest towards the works of the classics of world literature, including Yakut. Among the compositions of Yakut literature, the dramatic poem by P. A. Oyunsky “The Red Shaman” is of definite interest. This work, as an example of high art, continues to heat the imagination and gives food for thoughts. Since its first publication, “The Red Shaman” arouses interest of multiple literary scholars and linguists. There is an urgent need for revising its ideological content through the prism of universal outlook upon the world as demanded by time. An attempt is made to reveal the true content of P. A. Oyunsky’s dramatic poem The Red Shaman” from the perspective of new generation of the audience, by detection of literary techniques applied by the author, examination of conflict situations, interaction between the images that requires axiomatic method, as well as usage of the method of abstraction within the framework of anthropomorphic principle of research that suggests reference to the primary source for ethical-philosophical interpretation based on the new approach. The attention of both, audience and researchers is currently focused on comprehension of the authentic content of P. Oyunsky's compositions outside the influence of traditional interpretations. For the contemporary audience “The Red Shaman” disclosures the new sides of its ideological-literary content. This work contains the author's profound reasoning on the trends of development of modern society, which requires a different approach towards the artistic heritage of the prominent poet.

The results of the treatment of women (n = 94) suffering from genital endometriosis are presented. The first (control, n = 30) group of women received standard drug therapy; the second (main, n = 64) group of women additionally had hirudotherapy procedures using medical leeches. The course of treatment consisted of 10–12 procedures. The state of cerebral circulation was assessed according to the rheoencephalography data before and after the treatment, as well as after 1, 3, 6, and 9 months. As a result, in patients in the 2-nd (main) group receiving complex treatment, the state of cerebral circulation improved signifi cantly. Moreover, according to the statistical regression analysis, it was possible to predict its further decrease by two periods ahead, compared with the treatment results in patients in the 1-st (control) group.

The article highlights the causes and eff ects of the interaction of external physical factors with the human body. The author refl ected the concepts of a “specifi c” reaction, a compensatory reaction, and an “selective” sensitivity of an organism to exposure to physiotherapeutic factors, a general adaptation syndrome, an activation reaction, a training reaction, resonance, and synchronization. In the article, the author talks about the main factors in constructing the general theory of physiotherapy.

The article presents research data on the features of the use of stable platforms with biological feedback in various socially significant diseases.

The publication is devoted to modern strategies for neurorehabilitation of patients after stroke. Special attention is paid to the issues of individualization of rehabilitation programs based on the initial neurological defi cit and neurophysiological monitoring data. Modern scales of functional state assessment are described, and the diagnostic value of traditional and innovative methods of studying the state of central nervous system structures is compared: registration of somatosensory evoked potentials, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. The issues of diff erentiation of the level of consequences of the disease, stages of rehabilitation treatment, eff ectiveness and safety of rehabilitation procedures are discussed.

The purpose of this work is to study the structure and mechanical properties of an aluminum – magnesium system alloy after various types of heat treatment (quenching and ageing). The microstructure of an alloy has been studied by means of Zeiss OBSERVER.D1m microscope combined with a camera and image display on a monitor screen. Micro X-ray spectral analysis was performed by means of Carl Zeiss EVO 50 scanning electron microscope. The micro-hardness of the samples has been measured on prepared metallographic sections by means of DM8 micro-hardness meter. In the course of the process it has been found that quenching the Al-12,78% Mg alloy from temperatures of 430–440 ° C does not lead to the formation of a single-phase solid solution. Ageing at 100 ° C enables the formation of secondary phases. It was noted that with an increase in the quenching temperature, the micro-hardness increases slightly. An increase in the exposure time doesn’t influence greatly the micro-hardness of the alloy, while the structure remains practically unchanged.

The study considers the formation of the structure, texture, and hardness of hot extruded tube of titanium alloy PT-1M. It is shown that hot extrusion at 840 °C, which is higher than the α-phase recrystallization temperature, results to the development of dynamic and primary recrystallization processes and ensures the formation of homogeneous and fine-grained structure through-out the cross section with a two-component tangential texture (0001)TDED+(0001)TDED (TD – tangential direction, ED – extrusion direction) and hardness of 155 HV. It has been established that a higher cooling rate of the surface areas of the tube after extrusion results to a less active development of recrystallization processes, which lead to the formation of a finer granular structure near the outer surface. This weakens recrystallization component of (0001)TDED, compared to other areas of the tube.

Let be a rank- lattice in . The convex hulls of the nonzero lattice points lying in orthants are called the Klein polyhedra of . This construction was introduced by Klein in 1895, in connection with generalizing the classical continued-fraction algorithm to the multidimensional case. Arnold stated a number of problems on the statistical and geometric properties of Klein polyhedra. In two dimensions the corresponding results follow from the theory of continued fractions. An asymptotic formula for the mean value of the -vectors (the numbers of facets, edges and vertices) of 3D Klein polyhedra is derived. This mean value is taken over the Klein polyhedra of integer 3D lattices with determinants in , where is an increasing parameter. Bibliography: 27 titles.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study ways, which regional administrations affect place branding effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted based on qualitative analysis. In total, 10 place branding cases of federal subjects of Russia were considered to estimate short-, mid- and long-term effects of place brands and quality of regional administrations’ place branding process management. The information on these cases was taken and systematized from three groups of sources, namely, official information from regional administrations (including regulatory acts); scientific publications focused on the brands of selected regions; data from federal and regional news agencies. Findings It is revealed that the quality of place branding processes is positively related to the presence and power of place branding effects, while the branding budget has no observable impact on place branding. The areas of attention for regional administrations intending to develop the place brand are defined. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this study is that the chosen approach is based on secondary data on brand-management practices that are publicly available. This information is mostly fragmentary and may not provide a complete view of place branding practices. Originality/value This paper provides a view on place branding success factors from the standpoint of the quality of branding process, rather than quality of the brand itself. The role of regional administrations in this process is studied, thus proposing a basis for integrating place branding in a public administration field.

The structure and phase composition of biocompatible titanium alloys of composition (wt %) Ti–10Zr–1.2Nb–1.5Al, Ti–6Al–4V (ELI), Ti–15Mo, and Ti–36.1Nb–3.8Zr–2.4Ta–1.9Sn have been studied in a hot-deformed state using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The analysis of mechanical tensile properties has been performed depending on the structure and the aluminum strength equivalent of the alloys. The elasticity moduli of the alloys have been determined using tensile tests, dynamic mechanical analysis, and microindentation; the comparability of values within the error of 3–7% has been established. The nonmonotonic character of the change of the elasticity modulus upon heating to 550°C is explained in terms of the occurrence of processes of stress relaxation and recovery in the Ti–10Zr–1.2Nb–1.5Al, and Ti–6Al–4V ELI alloys and based on the precipitation of the high-modulus ω phase in the Ti–15Mo alloy. For the Ti–36.1Nb–3.8Zr–2.4Ta–1.9Sn alloy, the realization of the elinvar effect has been demonstrated. A correlation of the rate of change in the elasticity modulus with the heating temperature and the ratio of α and β phases in the structure of the alloys has been established.

Authors of the paper express their gratitude to V.K. Mamutov, Doctor of Juridical Science, Corresponding Member of the NAS of Ukraine, the Honoured Lawyer of Ukraine, Director of Institute of Economic and Legal Research of NAS of Ukraine, and V.A. Ustymenko for scientific and advisory, and organizational assistance in the process of preparation of materials and pursuance of the relevant studies. Moreover, the authors express thanks to reviewers and editors for their valuable comments and recommendations concerning the improvement of the paper structure.

Решается функциональное уравнение $$ f(x_1+z)\dotsb f(x_2+z)f(x_1+\dotsb+x_{s-1}-z) =\phi_1(x)\psi_1(z)+\dotsb+\phi_m(x)\psi_m(z), $$ где $x=(x_1,…,x_{s-1})$, относительно неизвестных $f,\psi_j\colon\mathbb C\to\mathbb C$, $\phi_j\colon\mathbb C^{s-1}\to\mathbb C$ при $s\ge 3$, $m\le 4s-5$. Библиография: 19 названий.

The following functional equation is solved: $$f\left( {{x_1} + z} \right) \cdots f\left( {{x_2} + z} \right)f\left( {{x_1} + \cdots + {x_{s - 1}} - z} \right) = {\phi _1}\left( x \right){\psi _1}\left( z \right) + \cdots + {\phi _m}\left( x \right){\psi _m}\left( z \right),$$ where x =(x1,…,xs−1), for the unknowns $$f,{\psi _j}:\mathbb{C} \to \mathbb{C}$$ and $${\phi _j}:{\mathbb{C}^{s - 1}} \to \mathbb{C}$$ for s ≥ 3 and m ≤ 4s − 5.

For the first time, a detonation afterburner (DA) for continuous detonation combustion of TS-1 aviation kerosene was developed, manufactured, and tested. Test fires of the DA in combination with a TJ100S-125 small-sized single-circuit turbojet engine were carried out on a ground test bench. In the test fires, stable modes of continuous detonation combustion of aviation kerosene were registered: a near-limit mode of longitudinally pulsating detonation (LPD) and a spin detonation (SD) mode with one detonation wave. Compared to a conventional afterburner, at the same in-chamber pressure, the specific fuel consumption in the DA was 30% lower and the specific thrust and thrust boosting coefficient were 30% higher. It is shown that, when operating in the LPD mode, the average heat flux to the DA walls is about 0.5 MW/m2 and, in the SD mode, 0.86 MW/m2. These values indicate the high potentiality of the DA when used in advanced jet engines.

One of the main problems with the use of metal implants is mechanical resorption, due to a significant difference in Young's moduli of bone tissue and metal material. This paper provides an overview of the main approaches for developing and optimizing the compositions of low-modulus alloys for medical implants. The choice of the base metal of such alloys – titanium, combining a low Young's modulus with complete biological inertness, -- is substantiated. Based on the analysis and systematization of the available literature data, the issues of choosing the optimal alloying to achieve a low Young's modulus, while maintaining biological compatibility, are considered. The main attention is paid to the Ti-Nb-Zr- (Ta, Sn) system as providing the maximum potential for reducing the Young's modulus. In addition, the importance of obtaining a certain structural and textural state in the product to further reduce the Young's modulus is noted.

Пусть $\Gamma$ - $s$-мерная решетка из $\mathbb R^s$. Выпуклые оболочки ненулевых узлов из $\Gamma$, содержащихся в каждом ортанте, называются полиэдрами Клейна решетки $\Gamma$. Эта конструкция была введена Ф. Клейном (1895 г.) в связи с обобщением классического алгоритма непрерывных дробей на многомерный случай. В. И. Арнольд сформулировал ряд задач о статистических и геометрических свойствах полиэдров Клейна. В двумерном случае соответствующие результаты вытекают из теории непрерывных дробей. В работе выводится асимптотическая формула для среднего значения $f$-вектора (количество граней, ребер и вершин) трехмерных полиэдров Клейна. Усреднение проводится по полиэдрам Клейна трехмерных целочисленных решеток с определителем из отрезка $[1,R]$, где $R$ - растущий параметр. Библиография: 27 названий.