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Copyright of Journal of Graphics is the property of Journal of Graphics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction Parkinson's disease represents a burdensome condition with complex manifestations. A licensed, standardized paper-based questionnaire is completed by both patients and physicians to monitor the progression and state of the disease. However, integrating the obtained scores into digital systems still poses a challenge. Methods Paper-based handwriting is intuitive and an efficient mode of human-computer interaction. Accordingly, we transformed a consumer-grade tablet into a device where an exact digital copy of the disease-specific questionnaire can be filled with the supplied pen. Utilizing a small convolutional neural network directly on the device and trained on MNIST data, we translated the handwritten digits to appropriate LOINC codes and made them accessible through a FHIRcompatible HTTP interface. Results When evaluating the usability from a patientcentric point of view, the System Usability Score revealed an excellent rating (SUS = 83.01) from the participants. However, we identified some challenges associated with the magnetic pen and the flat design of the device. Conclusion In setups where certified medical devices are not required, consumer hardware can be used to map handwritten digits of patients to appropriate medical standards without manual intervention through healthcare professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics / Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When communication and mass media faculty returned from a kind of exile that COVID-19 had inflicted on them, they were hit almost immediately with the phenomenon of artificial intelligence (AI). The fall semester of 2023 seemed to usher in a new means by which students would complete assignments that left faculty scratching their heads. They faced a new form of information retrieval that students (as well as faculty) were using that, at once, yielded more substantive prose while at the same time posed new questions about authorship, trust, reliability, bias and even personhood. The discipline of communication and media studies bears a particular responsibility to contemplate the massive change underway with the use of AI. Most of us in the field have dedicated our careers to considering the human-media-culture interface. Media ecologists, in particular, routinely explore how media shape culture, conscience and communication. Yet many of us have not known what to make of the phenomenon suddenly surging in academics and in all sectors of society. This article seeks to offer a framework, cultivated out of media ecological sensibilities, for critically examining implications of AI in the realm of communication. Specifically, we have designed a graduate course that takes up the major lines of inquiry into how AI challenges conventions and urges new paradigms in our discipline. Our article offers a course proposal that communication faculty can adopt to their curriculum. It consists of a sample course syllabus, recommended textbooks and YouTube videos, sample assignments, a review of major AI themes in scholarly and trade journals, a suggested media ecology tool for critical application (the Tetrad), and an extensive bibliography. The overall objective of our course proposal is to guide reflection on the implications of AI in various communication contexts and environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports findings and observations on using the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) framework in a questionnaire study of literary translators' self-imaging strategies and attitudes towards technology. The study took advantage of SCOT's methodological flexibility to prioritise literary translators as a social group, hence compensating for the lack of opportunities to voice their interpretations of technology and become an active part in the framework's development and implementation. Ultimately, the use (and adaptation) of SCOT proved useful for the identification, analysis, and discussion of recurrent themes in respondents' narratives about technology and their position in society. In particular, SCOT helped to uncover the gap between how literary translators choose to (re)present themselves in society and how they see technology, and what other social groups might be pivotal for a more comprehensive, socially-relevant analysis. Finally, the paper presents suggestions for the use of SCOT in future research projects concerning the technologisation of the literary translation profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While user-centered design approaches stemming from the human-computer interaction (HCI) field have notably improved the welfare of companion, service, and zoo animals, their application in farm animal settings remains limited. This shortfall has catalyzed the emergence of animal-computer interaction (ACI), a discipline extending technology’s reach to a multispecies user base involving both animals and humans. Despite significant strides in other sectors, the adaptation of HCI and ACI (collectively HACI) to farm animal welfare—particularly for dairy cows, swine, and poultry—lags behind. Our paper explores the potential of HACI within precision livestock farming (PLF) and artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance individual animal welfare and address the unique challenges within these settings. It underscores the necessity of transitioning from productivity-focused to animal-centered farming methods, advocating for a paradigm shift that emphasizes welfare as integral to sustainable farming practices. Emphasizing the ‘One Welfare’ approach, this discussion highlights how integrating animal-centered technologies not only benefits farm animal health, productivity, and overall well-being but also aligns with broader societal, environmental, and economic benefits, considering the pressures farmers face. This perspective is based on insights from a one-day workshop held on June 24, 2024, which focused on advancing HACI technologies for farm animal welfare.

In today’s world, there has been a significant increase in the use of devices, gadgets, and mobile applications in our daily activities. Although this has had a significant impact on the lives of the general public, people who are Partially Visually Impaired SPVI, which includes a much broader range of vision loss that includes mild to severe impairments, and Completely Visually Impaired (CVI), who have no light perception, still face significant obstacles when trying to access and use these technologies. This review article aims to provide an overview of the NUI, Multi-sensory Interfaces and UX Design (NMUD) of apps and devices specifically tailored CVI and PVI individuals. The article begins by emphasizing the importance of accessible technology for the visually impaired and the need for a human-centered design approach. It presents a taxonomy of essential design components that were considered during the development of applications and gadgets for individuals with visual impairments. Furthermore, the article sheds light on the existing challenges that need to be addressed to improve the design of apps and devices for CVI and PVI individuals. These challenges include usability, affordability, and accessibility issues. Some common problems include battery life, lack of user control, system latency, and limited functionality. Lastly, the article discusses future research directions for the design of accessible apps and devices for visually impaired individuals. It emphasizes the need for more user-centered design approaches, adherence to guidelines such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, the application of e-accessibility principles, the development of more accessible and affordable technologies, and the integration of these technologies into the wider assistive technology ecosystem.

Abstract The integrated “perception‐memory” system is receiving increasing attention due to its crucial applications in humanoid robots, as well as in the simulation of the human retina and brain. Here, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform‐boosted system that enables the sensing, recognition, and memory for human‐computer interaction is reported by the combination of ultra‐thin Ag/Al/Paster‐based electronic tattoos (AAP) and Tantalum Oxide/Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide (Ta2O5/IGZO)‐based memristors. Notably, the AAP demonstrates exceptional capabilities in accommodating the strain caused by skin deformation, thanks to its unique structural design, which ensures a secure fit to the skin and enables the prolonged monitoring of physiological signals. By utilizing Ta2O5/IGZO as the functional layer, a high switching ratio is conferred to the memristor, and an integrated system for sensing, distinguishing, storing, and controlling the machine hand of multiple human physiological signals is constructed together with the AAP. Further, the proposed system implements emergency calls and smart homes using facial electromyogram signals and utilizing logical entailment to realize the control of the music interface. This innovative “perception‐memory” integrated system not only serves the disabled, enhancing human‐computer interaction but also provides an alternative avenue to enhance the quality of life and autonomy of individuals with disabilities.

Neurotechnology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have developed rapidly in recent years with an increasing number of applications and AI-enabled devices that are about to enter the market. While promising to substantially improve quality of life across various severe medical conditions, there are also concerns that the convergence of these technologies, e.g., in the form of intelligent neuroprostheses, may have undesirable consequences and compromise cognitive liberty, mental integrity, or mental privacy. Therefore, various international organizations, such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) or United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), have formed initiatives to tackle such questions and develop recommendations that mitigate risks while fostering innovation. In this context, a first international conference on the ethics and regulation of intelligent neuroprostheses was held in Berlin, Germany, in autumn 2023. The conference gathered leading experts in neuroscience, engineering, ethics, law, philosophy as well as representatives of industry, policy making and the media. Here, we summarize the highlights of the conference, underline the areas in which a broad consensus was found among participants, and provide an outlook on future challenges in development, deployment, and regulation of intelligent neuroprostheses.

In this paper, Virtual Reality Shopping Insights (VRSI) is presented, a framework that aids the development of Virtual Reality (VR) shopping applications as well as collecting data and analysing it. VRSI aims to help software developers and researchers by abstracting the layers needed to setup VR technology on applications developed with Unity. Moreover, it provides data registration tools that monitors user activity from non invasive data sources. This data can be useful for marketing analysts to understand user behaviour inside V-commerce applications, helping them to improve the setup and layout of such environments with data-driven decisions. Furthermore, we present an example of VR shopping application developed with VRSI.

The current study had two goals: First, we aimed to conduct a conceptual replication and extension of a classic study by Nass et al. in 1997 who found that participants display voice-gender bias when completing a tutoring session with a computer. In the present study, we used a more modern paradigm (i.e., app-based tutoring) and commercially-available TTS voices. Second, we asked whether participants provided different social evaluations of non-native-accented and native-accented American English-speaking machines. In the present study, 85 American participants completed a tutoring session with a system designed to look like a device application (we called it a “TutorBot”). Participants were presented with facts related to two topics: ‘love and relationships’ and ‘computers and technology’. Tutoring was provided either by a female or male TTS voice. Participants heard either native-English accented voices or non-native-English accented (here, Castilian Spanish-accented) voices. Overall, we find no effect of voice gender on any of the dependent measures: listeners recalled facts and rated female and male voices equivalently across topics and conditions. Yet, participants rated non-native accented TTS voices as less competent, less knowledgeable, and less helpful after completing the tutoring session. Finally, when participants were tutored on facts related to ‘love and relationships’, they showed better accuracy at recall and provided higher ratings for app competency, likeability, and helpfulness (and knowledgeable, but only for native-accented voices). These results are relevant for theoretical understandings of human-computer interaction, particularly the extent to which human-based social biases are transferred to machines, as well as for applications to voice-AI system design and usage.

This paper reviews the potential of gamified cultural heritage in immersive virtual exhibitions. A systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines identified 78 relevant papers from ACM and IEEE databases. Gamification and immersive technologies can provide interactive experiences to engage visitors and enhance their understanding of exhibits’ historical and cultural significance. Theoretical frameworks, including gamification theory, heritage interpretation theory, participatory heritage, immersive experience theory, and pedagogy, guide designing compelling experiences. Case studies like “Rome Reborn”, “Sutton House Stories”, and “Assassin’s Creed: Origins” demonstrate the efficacy of gamification in disseminating heritage. Key strategies include integrating augmented/virtual reality, multimodal data and 3D reconstruction, interactive narratives and gameplay, personalized experiences, advanced interfaces, balancing education and entertainment, and ensuring cultural sensitivity. Future work can explore AI-adaptive experiences, AR/VR integration, remote collaboration, educational game elements, and digital creativity models. Gamification and immersion provide innovative preservation and inheritance of cultural heritage. This review promotes digitalization and identifies literature gaps, supporting reflection on engagement’s past, present, and future. It aims to enable a broader appreciation of cultural heritage through technology.

The editorial in Frontiers in Neuroscience explores the operationalization of cognitive systems in understanding visual structures. It discusses the complex relationship between cognitive processes and visual perception, emphasizing the integration of attention, memory, and sensory information. The research aims to advance theoretical models of visual cognition and has implications for fields such as neuroscience, psychology, artificial intelligence, and clinical applications. The articles within the research topic provide insights into how cognitive systems manage visual comprehension, focusing on themes like cognitive load, attention, memory, and neural efficiency, with potential applications in technology and clinical practice. [Extracted from the article]

Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize a key aspect of the scientific process—hypothesis generation. Banker et al. (2024) investigate how GPT-3 and GPT-4 can be used to generate novel hypotheses useful for social psychologists. Although timely, we argue that their approach overlooks the limitations of both humans and LLMs and does not incorporate crucial information on the inquiring researcher's inner world (e.g., values, goals) and outer world (e.g., existing literature) into the hypothesis generation process. Instead, we propose a human-centered workflow (Hope et al., 2023) that recognizes the limitations and capabilities of both the researchers and LLMs. Our workflow features a process of iterative engagement between researchers and GPT-4 that augments—rather than displaces—each researcher's unique role in the hypothesis generation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Chinese Computer: A Global History of the Information Age" by Thomas S. Mullaney explores the development of Chinese computing and its impact on global computing. The book highlights the challenges faced in typing Chinese characters and the invention of Input Method Editors (IMEs) to overcome these challenges. It also discusses the concept of hypography, where IMEs leave no traces, and the implications of auto-completion and predictive text. The book sheds light on the unsung heroes and heroines in the history of computing, including women like Lois Lew who played a crucial role in coding for Chinese typewriters. It also explores the scientific and technological collaborations, market competition, and geopolitical influences that shaped the development of Chinese computing. Overall, the book provides a comprehensive and engaging account of the untold global history of the information age. [Extracted from the article]

We examine consumers' interactions with smart objects using a novel mixed-method approach, guided by assemblage theory, to discover the emergence of automation practices. We use a unique text data set from the web service IFTTT, ("If This Then That"), representing hundreds of thousands of applets that represent "if–then" connections between pairs of Internet services. Consumers use these applets to automate events in their daily lives. We quantitatively identify and qualitatively interpret automation assemblages that emerge bottom-up as different consumers create similar applets within unique social contexts. Our data discovery approach combines word embeddings, density-based clustering, and nonlinear dimensionality reduction with an inductive approach to the thematic analysis. We uncover 127 nested automation assemblages that correspond to automation practices. Practices are interpreted in terms of four higher-order categories: social expression, social connectedness, extended mind, and relational AI. To investigate the future trajectories of automation practices, we use the concept of the possibility space, a fundamental theoretical idea from assemblage theory. Using our empirical approach, we translate this theoretical possibility space of automation assemblages into a data visualization to predict how existing practices can grow and new practices can emerge. Our new approach makes conceptual, methodological, and empirical contributions with implications for consumer research and marketing strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]