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During off pump coronary surgery, insertion of intracoronary shunts may induce severe endothelial lesions and dysfunction in the coronary arteries, with a risk of spasm and thrombosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of shunt to target artery diameter ratio in the development of endothelial lesions and dysfunction. Swine were studied. Three shunts were inserted via three arteriotomies into the right coronary artery with a 3 mm, 2 mm and a 1.25 mm diameter shunt to obtain an oversizing with the 3 mm, an undersizing with the 1.25 mm and a satisfying congruence with the 2 mm. Coronary rings upstream and downstream from the arteriotomies were then harvested and placed in organ chambers where endothelium-dependent relaxation to serotonin and bradykinin were studied. Non instrumented coronary arteries served as controls. A silver nitrate staining was used to visualise the remaining intact endothelium. The percent surface area covered by intact endothelium was then estimated under microscope magnification.

Background: Extravasation is a potentially severe complication that can occur during the administration of chemotherapy. The scarcity of evidence available makes it difficult to develop an optimal management scheme. The purpose of this guideline is to review the relevant scientific literature on the prevention, management, and treatment of extravasation occurring during the administration of chemotherapy to cancer patients. Method: A scientific literature review was conducted using the PubMed search tool. The period covered was from database inception to April 2014, inclusively. Since the literature on extravasation treatment is often empirical, anecdotal, and controversial, the review also identified clinical practice guidelines and expert consensuses published by relevant international organizations and cancer agencies. Results: Identification of potential risk factors and preventive measures can reduce the risk of extravasation. Recognition and management of symptoms are crucial in patients with this complication. Provision of adequate instruction to personnel responsible for administering chemotherapy and to patients on recognizing symptoms, preventing, and managing extravasation is essential. Extravasation can be treated with dry warm or cold compresses and various antidotes such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dexrazoxane, hyaluronidase, or sodium thiosulfate, depending on the agent that has caused extravasation. Patient monitoring to assess the progression or regression of symptoms and to thus take the appropriate measures is necessary. Conclusion: Several strategies must be established to ensure that extravasation is recognized and properly managed. Given the evidence available at this time, the Comité de l'évolution des pratiques en oncologie (CEPO) has made recommendations for clinical practice in Quebec. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 12C(α,γ)16O reaction plays a crucial role in stellar evolution. The rate of this reaction determines directly the 12C-to-16O abundance ratio at the end of the helium burning phase of stars and consequently has a big effect on the subsequent nucleosynthesis and even on the evolution of massive stars. However, despite many experimental studies, the low-energy cross section of 12C(α,γ)16O remains uncertain. The extrapolation of the measured cross sections to stellar energies (E ∼ 300 keV) is made particularly difficult by the presence of the 2+ (Ex= 6.92 MeV) and 1- (Ex, = 7.12 MeV) subthreshold states of 16O. To further investigate the contribution of these two subthreshold resonances to the 12C(α,γ)16O cross section, we determine their α-reduced widths via a measurement of the transfer reaction 12C(α,γ)16O at two incident energies, 28 and 34 MeV. The uncertainties on the determined a-spectroscopic factors and the a-reduced widths were reduced thanks to a detailed distorted-wave Born approximation analysis of the transfer angular distributions measured at the two incident energies. The i?-matrix calculations of 12C(α,γ)16O cross section using our obtained α-reduced widths for the 2+ and 1- subthreshold resonances lead to an E1 S factor at 300 keV of 100 ± 28 keV b, which is consistent with values obtained in most of the direct and indirect measurements as well as the NACRE collaboration compilation while the result for the E2 component SE2 (300 keV) = 50 ± 19 keV b disagrees with the NACRE adopted value . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The angular distributions for low lying states of 16O produced in the 12C(6Li, d)16O α-transfer reaction at have been measured using a high energy resolution position sensitive detection system. The measured cross section data have been analyzed by the FRDWBA theory with a particular emphasis put on the states of astrophysical interest mainly the (7.12 MeV) state. Extracted values of nuclear level parameters (excitation energy, , line width, , α-spectroscopic factor, , and reduced α-width, or ) are reported and discussed in comparison to previous ones. The used binding potential corresponds to a long nuclear interaction range (up to a channel radius ), suggesting that the channel radius is likely suitable for the calculations of reduced α-widths near the nuclear surface. However, given that previous DWBA results are available for comparison only near the channel radius , calculations have been carried out here for both three preceding a values. Formal values, and of the reduced α-widths () of the (7.12 MeV) and (6.92 MeV) states have thus been derived. Furthermore, the R-matrix analysis of various data sets of importance to the 12C()16O direct capture reaction has been carried out, leading to the range of values for the (7.12 MeV) state, , which is consistent with the preceding DWBA interval, and to a result for the E1 component of the reaction astrophysical factor, , very consistent with most constrained values previously reported in the literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The early gamma-ray emission from novae depends critically on the reaction. Unfortunately the reaction rate of the reaction is still largely uncertain due to the unknown strengths of low-lying proton resonances near the threshold which play an important role in the nova temperature regime. We report here our last results concerning the study of the transfer reaction. We show in particular that these two low-lying resonances cannot be neglected. These results are then used to perform a careful study of the remaining uncertainties associated to the and reaction rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Coulomb excitation of the exotic neutron-rich nucleus 26Ne on a nat Pb target was measured at 58 A.MeV in order to search for low-lying E1 strength above the neutron emission threshold. Data were also taken on an nat Al target to estimate the nuclear contribution. The radioactive beam was produced by fragmentation of a 95 A.MeV 40Ar beam delivered by the RIKEN Research Facility. The set-up included a NaI gamma-ray array, a charged fragment hodoscope and a neutron wall. Using the invariant mass method in the 25Ne+n channel, we observe a sizable amount of E1 strength between 6 and 10 MeV. The reconstructed 26Ne angular distribution confirms its E1 nature. A reduced dipole transition probability of e2fm2 is deduced. For the first time, the decay pattern of low-lying strength in a neutron-rich nucleus is obtained. The results are discussed in terms of a pygmy resonance centered around 9 MeV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The 11B(7Li, 7Be)11Be charge exchange reaction has been studied at an incident energy of 57 MeV. Spectra were measured at forward angles, θcm⩽35°. The good energy resolution (∼50 keV) allowed the identification of transitions both to the 7Be (3/2−, gs) and 7Be(1/2−, 429 keV) exit channels and hence the direct measurement of the ratio of the respective cross sections and angular distributions. Besides the bound ground and first excited state of 11Be several low lying excitations just above the neutron threshold are observed. A structure seen at E*=94 MeV with FWHM ∼7 MeV is compatible with the spin dipole resonance (SDR). The data are analysed in a many-body approach. For the projectile transitions shell model results are used. In order to account properly for the special features of the weakly bound 11Be system the target transitions are described microscopically by Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov (HFB) and quasi-particle random phase approximation (QRPA) theory. The HFB ground state densities and the QRPA transition densities, respectively, are used in folding calculations for the optical potentials and transition form factors. Spectra and β-decay transitions strengths are reasonably well described. The measured cross section are well reproduced by one-step direct charge exchange distorted wave born approximation (DWBA) calculations. A dominance of unnatural parity transitions is found. This is explained in terms of the spin transfer behaviour of the nucleon–nucleon isovector interaction at low bombarding energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A 130 MeV primary tritium beam, newly developed at the superconducting cyclotron AGOR, has been used for the investigation of 1 h̵ω and 2 h̵ω isovector giant resonances in 58Co via the τ+ channel. The angular distributions of double-differential cross sections have been extracted between Ex = 7 and 30 MeV from θlab = 0° to 6°. A DWBA analysis with normal-mode (NM) wave functions and a multipole-decomposition analysis (MDA) indicate strength for the monopole resonances (dominated by the spin-flip transition) fragmented between 10 and 27 MeV excitation energy, in rather good agreement with preliminary RPA calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The angular distributions of 8Be states in the excitation energy region Ex~(16.5-18.2) MeV produced in the 7Li(³He,d)8Be proton transfer reaction have been measured at the Orsay 14.8-MV tandem accelerator for ³He2+ ion bombarding energy, Elab=20 MeV, and forward angular range, θlab=5°-50°. A high energy resolution detection system composed of a split-pole magnetic spectrometer and a ΔE-E, position-sensitive drift chamber was used to record the energy spectra of outgoing deuterons. The measured cross section data for the direct reaction component have been separated from the compound nucleus one, then analyzed in the framework of the nonlocal, finite-range (FR)-distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) theory. New values of the C²S and (Sp1/2,Sp3/2) proton absolute and partial spectroscopic factors and related γ²p(a) proton reduced widths versus the p+7Li channel radius have been extracted for the 2+(16.626) and 2+(16.922),T=0+1 isospin-mixed loosely bound states of astrophysical interest and the 1+(17.640), T=1 unbound state of 8Be. They are compared to sparse earlier experimental values and to shell-model-predicted ones from the literature, and are discussed. In particular, the status of the spectroscopic information on the 2+ isospin-mixed doublet is reviewed and updated. The application in nuclear astrophysics of the DWBA derived results is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To provide detailed information on the codesign of a digital intervention to support parents with bipolar disorder (BD) who have young children. Each step of this process is reported, as well as a detailed description of the final version of the intervention in line with the TIDieR framework., Methods: Clinical experience and lived experience experts participated in online workshops, meetings, and remote feedback requests, informed by Integrated Knowledge Translation (IKT) principles. The IKT research group responded to each phase of recommendations from the knowledge users., Results: Five clinical experience experts and six lived experience experts engaged with the codesign process. Their recommendations for principles, content, look, and feel, and functionality of the digital intervention were structured over five iterative phases. This led to a final implemented design that was identified by the clinical and lived experience experts (referred to together as the knowledge users group) as genuinely reflecting their input., Conclusions: The IKT principles offer an accessible structure for engaging with clinical and lived experience experts throughout a codesign process, in this case for a digital intervention for parents with BD. The resulting intervention is described in detail for transparency to aid further evaluation and development and to help other teams planning codesign approaches to intervention development., (© 2024 The Author(s). Bipolar Disorders published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Glioblastoma (GBM) accounts for half of all central nervous system tumors. Once the tumor is removed, many GBM cells remain present near the surgical cavity and infiltrate the brain up to a distance of 20-30 mm, resulting in recurrence a few months later. GBM remains incurable due to the limited efficiency of current treatments, a result of the blood-brain barrier and sensitivity of healthy brain tissues to chemotherapy and radiation. A new therapeutic paradigm under development to treat GBM is to attract and accumulate GBM cells in a cancer cell trap inserted in the surgical cavity after tumor resection. In this work, porous gels were prepared using porous polylactide molds obtained from melt-processed co-continuous polymer blends of polystyrene and polylactide, with an average pore size ranging from 5 μm to over 500 μm. In order to efficiently accumulate and retain GBM brain cancer cells within a macroporous sodium alginate-based hydrogel trap, the pores must have an average diameter superior to 100 μm, with the best results obtained at 225 μm. In that case, the accumulation and retention of F98 GBM cells were more homogeneous, especially when functionalized with RGD adhesion peptides. At an alginate concentration of 1% w/v, the compression modulus reaches 15 kPa, close to the average value of 1-2 kPa reported for brain tissues, while adhesion and retention were also superior compared to 2% w/v gels. Overall, 1% w/v gels with 225 μm pores functionalized with the RGD peptide display the best performances., (Creative Commons Attribution license.)

The addition of 2 equiv of the phosphaylide H 2 C═PPh 3 to the dimethyl uranium metallocene Cp* 2 UMe 2 (Cp* = η 5 -C 5 Me 5 ) in toluene with gentle heating at 40 °C generates the phosphorano-stabilized bis(carbene) Cp* 2 U[C(H)PPh 3 ] 2 ( 1 ) in good yield. Characterization of 1 by X-ray crystallographic analysis reveals two short uranium-carbon bonds, ranging from 2.301(5) to 2.322(5) Å, consistent with the presence of U═C carbene-type bonds. Monitoring the reaction by NMR spectroscopy suggests that it proceeds through the intermediate formation of the methyl carbene complex Cp* 2 U[C(H)PPh 3 ](Me) ( 1 Int ); however, prolonged heating of these solutions leads to the ortho -cyclometalated carbene species Cp* 2 U{κ 2 -[C(H)PPh 2 (C 6 H 4 )]} ( 2 ) via intramolecular C-H activation. Rapid conversion from 1 to 2 occurs within hours upon heating its toluene solutions to 100 °C. Preliminary reactivity studies of 1 show that it readily reacts with alcohols, such as HODipp (Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) and HOC(CF 3 ) 3 , to give the mixed carbene alkoxide compounds Cp* 2 U[C(H)PPh 3 ](OR) (R = Dipp ( 4 Dipp ), C(CF 3 ) 3 ( 5 CF3 )). In one case, the reaction of 1 with HODipp in the presence of adventitious water led to the formation of a few crystals of the terminal U(IV) oxo complex, [Ph 3 PCH 3 ][Cp* 2 U(O)(ODipp)] ( 3 oxo ). The isolation of 1 marks the first instance of an unchelated, heteroatom-stabilized bis(carbene) complex of uranium that also provides an entryway to the synthesis of its monocarbene derivatives through protonolysis.

The reaction of Fe 2 (mes) 4 with the super-bulky amidines and guanidines HL Ar*-R (L Ar*-R = [(Ar*N) 2 C(R)] - , Ar* = 2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4- tert -butylphenyl), R = Me ( L Ar*-Me ), t Bu ( L Ar*-tBu ), Ph ( L Ar*-Ph ), N i Pr 2 ( L Ar*-iPr2N ), and Pip ( L Ar*-Pip )) gives access to the three-coordinate iron-mesityl complexes (L Ar*-R )Fe(mes) only where L Ar*-R = L Ar*-Me , L Ar*-Ph , or L Ar*-Pip . Subsequent protonolysis with the N-atom transfer reagent Hdbabh (Hdbabh = 2,3:5,6-dibenzo-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene) is limited in success, providing in one instance a few crystals of four-coordinate (L Ar*-Me )Fe(dbabh)(Hdbabh) , while three-coordinate (L Ar*-Pip )Fe(dbabh) is synthesized reproducibly. Complexes (L Ar*-Me )Fe(dbabh)(Hdbabh) and (L Ar*-Pip )Fe(dbabh) are thermally insensitive in solution to temperatures of up to 100 °C. On the other hand, both (L Ar*-Me )Fe(dbabh)(Hdbabh) and (L Ar*-Pip )Fe(dbabh) show sensitivity to blue LED light (395 nm), undergoing photochemical transformations. For instance, the photolysis of (L Ar*-Me )Fe(dbabh)(Hdbabh) leads to N-C bond scission and C-C bond coupling across the -dbabh moieties to give four-coordinate (L Ar*-Me )Fe(N=dbabh-dbabhNH 2 ) . Photolyzing pyridine- d 5 (py- d 5 ) solutions of (L Ar*-Pip )Fe(dbabh) at -5 °C produces a new paramagnetic photoproduct, [P] . Due to the thermal sensitivity of compound [P] , it has eluded structural characterization; yet, Evans' method measurements suggest that the iron(II) oxidation state is maintained, thereby pointing to the -dbabh moiety as the locus of chemical change. In line with this assessment, addition of excess Me 3 SiCl to solutions of [P] produces the iron(II) complex (L Ar*-Pip )FeCl(py- d 5 ) as shown by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of the solutions of [P] shows a peak in the chromatogram with a molecular mass corresponding to a formulation of C 14 H 11 N that cannot be attributed to Hdbabh. This provides evidence for the photochemical-induced isomerization of the -dbabh ligand, revealing a heretofore unknown photochemical sensitivity of this N atom transfer reagent.

In a phenotypical screen of 56 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient samples and using a library of 10,000 compounds, we identified a hit with increased sensitivity toward SF3B1 -mutated and adverse risk AMLs. Through structure-activity relationship studies, this hit was optimized into a potent, specific, and nongenotoxic molecule called UM4118. We demonstrated that UM4118 acts as a copper ionophore that initiates a mitochondrial-based noncanonical form of cell death known as cuproptosis. CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screen further revealed that iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) deficiency enhances copper-mediated cell death. Specifically, we found that loss of the mitochondrial ISC transporter ABCB7 is synthetic lethal to UM4118. ABCB7 is misspliced and down-regulated in SF3B1 -mutated leukemia, creating a vulnerability to copper ionophores. Accordingly, ABCB7 overexpression partially rescued SF3B1 -mutated cells to copper overload. Together, our work provides mechanistic insights that link ISC deficiency to cuproptosis, as exemplified by the high sensitivity of SF3B1 -mutated AMLs. We thus propose SF3B1 mutations as a biomarker for future copper ionophore-based therapies.