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A novel, non-contacted method is proposed to determine the cage slip of rolling bearing. Findings show that the roller and inner raceway can generate weak magnetic field (WMF). The WMF detection technology is introduced into the measurement domain of cage slip. The feature frequency of a roller and inner raceway, which reflect the cage slip, can be extracted simultaneously by the WMF sensor output signal. Here, the roller shares the same feature frequency with the cage. Compared with the traditional optical detection method, the proposed method does not require any pre-processing for rolling bearing. The cage slip is detected under different work conditions. The cage slip, which is determined by the proposed method, is consistent with that of the traditional optical method. It shows that the proposed method can be used to detect cage slip of rolling bearing.

A novel three-dimensional porous dysprosium coordination polymer {[Dy2L2(bpdo)2(H2O)(CH3OH)]·2ClO4·2CH3CN}n (1) has been successfully assembled by combining a superparamagnetic building block of [DyLCl(CH3OH)]2 with the organic ligand 4,4′-bipyridine-N,N′-dioxide (bpdo) (H2L = N′-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)picolinohydrazide). Interestingly, upon the release and/or absorption of different solvent molecules, 1 undergoes reversible single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transitions, resulting in the formation of another layer compound of {[DyL(bpdo)(H2O)]·ClO4·2H2O}n (2). This structural transformation involves the breaking and reforming of coordination bonds and leads to significant changes in the relaxation behaviour expected for these coordination polymers, as evidenced by the increase in effective energy barriers from 133 K (1) to 264 K (2) and the slowdown of quantum tunnelling at low temperature. The theoretical calculations indicate that the distinct relaxation behaviours arise mainly from the variation in the coordination geometry around the dysprosium ions. Our work shows that guest molecules can reversibly induce remarkable structural changes in a porous dysprosium coordination polymer and significantly affect its dynamic properties.

In this study, two new monometallic organic frameworks (MOFs), namely {[Zn1.5L(NMP)(H2O)]·H2O}n (1) and {[Pb2L2(H2O)2]·H2O}n (2), were synthesized for the first time by a new bifunctional N,O-containing 2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)terephthalic acid (H2L) ligand. Then, based on the HSAB principle, another porous Pb–Zn heterometallic organic framework (HMOF), namely {[PbZn0.5L(H2O)]·0.5NMP·H2O}n (3), was successfully obtained for the first time by combining Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions with H2L. The MOFs 1 and 2 are 3D densely packed frameworks, whereas the HMOF 3 is a porous 3D framework (28.9% porosity) with 1D open channels modified by Lewis basic sites (exposed N atoms) and Lewis acidic sites (unsaturated bimetallic sites). The HMOF 3 has a strong boiling water/acid–base resistance (pH = 2–12) and shows an enhanced high-efficiency catalytic effect for CO2 conversion (98%) under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. In addition, fine color regulations of the MOFs were successfully realized by doping different kinds of metal ions into them. This study aims to provide a new way and field of vision for the construction of HMOFs and their multi-functional materials.

Construction of large multi-component coordination cages becomes much more challenging as the number of building blocks increases. A giant hexameric calix[4]resorcinarene-based coordination cage (cage-1) was successfully designed through the precise tuning of ancillary rigid tetracarboxylic acid. Significantly, cage-1 exhibited reversible uptake of volatile iodine, suggesting that it could serve as a porous material for efficient capture and separation of radioactive iodine.

To meet device applications, it is essential to fabricate nondegenerate ZnSnN2 with higher mobility. Herein, the chemical potential of nitrogen was improved under Zn-rich sputtering conditions and nondegenerate ZnSnN2 with mobility higher than 20 cm2 V−1 s−1 was successfully fabricated. The properties of the samples were characterized. The obtained ZnSnN2 is wurstite. Band conduction is observed in the range 300–100 K and nearest neighbour hopping is observed in the range 100–70 K. The forbidden band gap is about 1.43 eV and Sn substituting Zn is the major donor, whose ionization energy is 34.6 meV. Improving the chemical potential of nitrogen under Zn-rich conditions effectively changes the off-stoichiometry of ZnSnN2 and unintentionally increases oxygen doping, which finally leads to a decrease in electron density and an increase in mobility.

Enhancing the exchange interaction between magnetic ions is a long-term target in molecular magnetism. Endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) provide a possibility for achieving such a goal by imprisoning multiple magnetic centers inside the confined inner space of a fullerene cage. Here, we report a new member of dimetallic azafullerene Dy2@C79N via crystallographic determination for the first time. Magnetic studies indicate that the strong ferromagnetic coupling between lanthanide ions and unpaired electrons enables Dy2@C79N to be a favorable SMM with large energy barrier of U = 669 K and observable hysteresis loops below 24 K.

The development of photofunctional metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has received increasing attention owing to their adjustable molecular assembly modes and broad optoelectronic applications. However, efficient wide-range solar energy utilization and conversion of such materials remain scarce. Herein, an anionic pyrene-based MOF [(HOEtMIm)2][Mn3(TBAPy)2(μ2-OH2)2(H2O)2] (1) (H4TBAPy = 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(p-benzoic acid)-pyrene) was synthesized under ionothermal conditions. Through a facile ion exchange process, D–π–A cation dye cyanine (DMP) was successfully encapsulated into nanochannels of MOFs, forming molecular level heterojunctions of a DMP@1 donor–acceptor system. The emission color of 1 was largely modulated from cyan to orange through Forster resonance energy transfer as confirmed by both experiments and theoretical calculations. Moreover, the obtained DMP@1 shows a distinct light absorption from the UV/visible to the NIR region, and extremely high luminescence polarization anisotropy (0.97) due to the regular orientation and orderly arrangement of the linear DMP into the MOF host. Photoelectric measurements show that the photocurrent of DMP@1 is at least 15 times higher than that of 1 under monochromatic light.

Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets have emerged as a new member of 2D nanomaterials for molecular sieving, energy conversion and storage, catalysis and biomedicine. In this paper, a highly dense assembly of porphyrin achievable in porphyrin-integrated MOF nanosheets induced by an ionic liquid is obtained by sonication exfoliation of its bulk crystals. The 2D layered structure MOF, [BMI]2[Ca3(H2TCPP)2(μ2-OH2)2(H2O)2] (1), was firstly prepared by using the ionic liquid assisted synthetic method (H6TCPP = meso-tetra(carboxyphenyl) porphyrin, BMI = 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium). The laminated layers in 1 clearly indicate a weak interlayer non-covalent interaction but a strong metal-carboxylate bonding within the layers, which facilitates the exfoliation of 1 to form 2D MOF nanosheets (1 NSs). Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) patterns revealed that 1 NSs could maintain their crystalline structure after exfoliation. These MOF nanosheets exhibited excellent aqueous dispersibility, biodegradability and high cytotoxicity under light irradiation against MCF-7 cells.

Mycelial pellets, a new environment friendly biological carrier, have received wide attention from researchers due to porosity, stability and unique biocompatibility. In this article, the theoretical basis and mechanism of mycelial pellets as a biological carrier were analyzed from the properties of mycelial pellets and the interaction between mycelial pellets and other microorganisms. This article aims to collate and present the current application and development trend of mycelial pellets as biological carriers in wastewater treatment, resource and energy recovery, especially the symbiotic particle system formed by mycelial pellets and microalgae is an important way to break through the technical bottleneck of biodiesel recovery from wastewater. This review also analyzes the research hotspots and trends of mycelial pellets as carriers in recent years, discusses the challenges faced by this technology, and puts forward corresponding solutions.

Previously, Carthami Flos and Lepidii Semen(CF-LS) drug pair has been proved effective in inhibiting myocardial fibrosis(MF) by blunting the activity of cardiac fibroblasts. The present study explored the underlying mechanism of CF-LS in inhibiting MF by improving the cardiac microenvironment based on network pharmacology combined with experimental verification. Active compounds and potential targets of CF-LS were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP), and the potential targets of MF were obtained from GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM), and Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base(PharmGKB). Thequot;active component-target-MFquot; network was constructed and analyzed by Cytoscape 3.8.1. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed by STRING. The Gene Ontology(GO) biological process enrichment analysis was performed by CluoGO plug-in. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis was performed by R 4.0.2 and Funrich. Subsequently, the inhibitory effect of CF-LS on MF was investigated based on angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced MF rats. RT-PCR and ELISA were used to verify the effect of CF-LS on the targets of signaling pathways related to vascular endothelial cells predicted by the network pharmacology. Thirty-one active components and 204 potential targets of CF-LS, 4 671 MF-related targets, and 174 common targets were obtained. The network analysis showed that the key targets of CF-LS against MF included RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1), transcription factor AP-1(JUN), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1), cellular tumor antigen p53(TP53), transcription factor p65(RELA), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 8(MAPK8). Biological processes mainly involved regulation of blood vessel diameter, regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration, cell death in response to oxidative stress, etc. Advanced glycation end products(AGE)-receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE) signaling pathway, phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3 K)-serine/threonine protein kinase(AKT) signaling pathway, hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1) signaling pathway, integrin signaling pathway, transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) signaling pathway, etc. were involved in signaling pathway enrichment. Literature retrieval confirmed that some of these signaling pathways were closely related to vascular endothelial cells, including AGE-RAGE, PI3 K-AKT, HIF-1α, p53, the transcription factor activator protein-1(AP-1), integrin, p38 MAPK, and TGF-β. Animal experiments showed that CF-LS inhibited MF induced by Ang Ⅱ in rats by suppressing the expression of RAGE, HIF-1α, integrin β6, and TGF-β1. The inhibitory effect of CF-LS on MF has the characteristics of multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. CF-LS can inhibit MF by regulating the activity of vascular endothelial cells in the cardiac microenvironment.

Highly virulent

Design and synthesis of an efficient electrocatalyst for simultaneous determination of gallic acid (GA) and uric acid (UA) is vital in the biological field. Herein, we synthesized a new p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene-based metal-organic electrocatalyst (Mn-L@MC) by combining Mn-L (H

To clarify the influence of organic pesticides on phytoremediation of potentially toxic metal elements, hydroponically-grown Acorus tatarinowii was used to repair copper pollution at six concentration levels with and without atrazine. Removal outcomes and processes exhibited asymmetry in an aquatic system. In plants, the addition of atrazine brought as much as 20.5% copper than control. Total amounts, percentage of protein or pectin combined copper and leaf: root ratio of copper were enhanced correspondingly. In solutions, cupric ions (Cu

Although the selective synthesis of complicated supramolecular architectures has seen significant progress in recent years, the exploration of the properties of these complexes remains a fascinating challenge. Herein, a series of new supramolecular topologies, metalla[2]catenanes and Borromean ring assemblies, were constructed based on appropriate Cp*Rh building blocks and two rigid alkynyl pyridine ligands (L1, L2)

The Sahara Desert is the largest source of dust on Earth, and has a significant impact on global atmospheric changes. Wind is the main dynamic factor controlling the transport and intensity of dust in the Sahara Desert. This study comprehensively analyzed the spatial and temporal variation in the wind regime of the Sahara Desert from 1980 to 2019 using data from 17 meteorological stations to improve awareness of global atmospheric changes and the intensity of regional aeolian activities. All wind speed parameters decreased from northwest to southeast. While there were significant differences in the trends of temporal variation in wind speed among the different regions, there was an overall decreasing trend across the Sahara Desert, with an average wind speed of 0.09 m s−1 10 a−1. This decrease was closely related to wind frequency. The easterly, westerly, and northerly winds dominated, with more complex wind direction in the northern region. Seasonal differences in wind direction were observed in all regions. The wind direction frequency of wind speeds >6 m s−1 exceeded those with wind speeds −1 in the western and northern regions, whereas other regions showed an opposite pattern. The highest drift potential (DP) and resultant drift potential (RDP) were found in the western and northern regions, and during spring and winter. There was a trend of decreasing annual variation in DP and RDP in all regions. The directional variability (RDP/DP) indicated mostly intermediate and high variability in wind direction. Resultant drift direction (RDD) indicated that a mainly southwest wind direction. No apparent trends in temporal variation in RDD and RDP/DP were observed. Total DP was strongly influenced by DP and the magnitude and frequency of strong winds in the prevailing wind direction. No strong correlation between wind regimes and dune types was observed in this desert, indicating the complexity of factors affecting dune morphology.

Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered an emerging contaminant in recent years, and their harmful effects on plants pose new concerns, especially in coexistence with soil microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), as mutualistic fungi with most terrestrial plants, may contribute to alleviating nanotoxicity in plants. Herein, AgNP toxicity of different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 50, 100 mg/kg) on reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel) as influenced by mycorrhizal inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae was investigated. The results revealed that concentration is the main factor influencing the AgNP phytotoxicity; AgNP dose had biphasic effects on AMF colonization, plant biomass, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Thereinto, different antioxidant enzymes had different tolerances to AgNP stress, and the turning point of their activities was respectively the following: POD-5 mg/kgSOD-10 mg/kgCAT-50 mg/kg. The growth configuration (root:shoot ratio) of Phragmites australis increased firstly and then decreased to cope with the increasing AgNP concentration. Additionally, the Ag accumulation and translocation of AgNP-exposed plants were relatively lower than that of equivalent Ag

Circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to participate in various tumors, including lung cancer. In the present study, we explored the expression and functional relevance of hsa_circ_0003288 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We verified that hsa_circ_0003288 expression was upregulated in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0003288 dramatically promoted lung cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, inhibited apoptosis, and increased cell migration and invasion in vitro. Xenograft experiments showed that hsa_circ_0003288 overexpression accelerated tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0003288 negatively regulated miR-145 to exert the oncogenic role in lung cancer. Overexpression of miR-145 decreased cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed migration and invasion in lung cancer. Additionally, miR-145 co-transfection abolished the oncogenic role of hsa_circ_0003288. Collectively, these findings identified a novel regulatory role of hsa_circ_0003288/miR-145 axis in the progression of NSCLC.

It is of great clinical value to investigate the immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially demyelinating lesions, caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The incidence of demyelinating lesions is less frequent in irAEs, but once it occurs, it will seriously affect the survival of patients. The present study reports a case of durvalumab-induced demyelinating lesions in a patient with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. Subsequently, the patient receives a high intravenous dose of methylprednisolone and his condition is improved after 21 days of treatment. Altogether, early diagnosis and treatment of ICIs-related neurological irAEs is of great significance to the outcome of the patient’s condition.

Objective. To investigate the correlation of CT perfusion-related parameters with serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) in patients with primary liver cancer. Methods. A total of 100 patients with primary liver cancer who were treated in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the observation group, and 90 patients with benign liver lesions during the same period were selected as the control group. The CT perfusion-related parameters (perfusion volume and perfusion index) and serum VEGF and BFGF levels were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between CT perfusion-related parameters and serum VEGF and BFGF levels. Results. Compared to the control group, significantly higher HAP and lower HPP and TLP were observed in the observation group. The perfusion volume indexes of patients with different stages of liver cancer in the observation group were statistically different ( P < 0.05 ). Compared to the control group, the observation group witnessed significantly higher HAPI and lower HPPI. There were statistically significant differences in the perfusion index of patients with different stages of primary liver cancer in the observation group ( P < 0.05 ). The serum VEGF and BFGF levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the serum VEGF and BFGF levels in patients with different stages of primary liver cancer in the observation group were statistically different ( P < 0.05 ). Pearson correlation analysis showed that HAP and HAPI were positively correlated with VEGF and BFGF (r = 0.986, P ≤ 0.001 ; r = 0.983, P ≤ 0.001 ), and HPP, TLP, and HPPI were negatively correlated with VEGF and BFGF (r = −0.992, P ≤ 0.001 ; r = -0.993, P ≤ 0.001 ; r = −0.995, P ≤ 0.001 ). Conclusion. CT perfusion-related parameters and serum VEGF and BFGF levels in patients with primary liver cancer are abnormally expressed, and there is a strong correlation between the two, which might aid clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Neural text matching models have been used in a range of applications such as question answering and natural language inference, and have yielded a good performance. However, these neural models are of a limited adaptability, resulting in a decline in performance when encountering test examples from a different dataset or even a different task. The adaptability is particularly important in the few-shot setting: in many cases, there is only a limited amount of labeled data available for a target dataset or task, while we may have access to a richly labeled source dataset or task. However, adapting a model trained on the abundant source data to a few-shot target dataset or task is challenging. To tackle this challenge, we propose a Meta-Weight Regulator (MWR), which is a meta-learning approach that learns to assign weights to the source examples based on their relevance to the target loss. Specifically, MWR first trains the model on the uniformly weighted source examples, and measures the efficacy of the model on the target examples via a loss function. By iteratively performing a (meta) gradient descent, high-order gradients are propagated to the source examples. These gradients are then used to update the weights of source examples, in a way that is relevant to the target performance. As MWR is model-agnostic, it can be applied to any backbone neural model. Extensive experiments are conducted with various backbone text matching models, on four widely used datasets and two tasks. The results demonstrate that our proposed approach significantly outperforms a number of existing adaptation methods and effectively improves the cross-dataset and cross-task adaptability of the neural text matching models in the few-shot setting., Comment: 10 pages, accepted to SIGIR 2022

With the continuous advancement in bearing speed, bearing assembly clearance (pocket, radial, and guide clearances) has a particularly significant impact on dynamic characteristics of bearing. In order to improve its performance, it is necessary to generate an optimized design for assembly clearance based on dynamic analysis. In this paper, a dynamic model of cylindrical roller bearing has been put forth based on the variable step fourth-order Runge–Kutta method, while the simulation results have been verified by a high-speed bearing cage motion testing machine. Considering pocket, radial, and guide clearances as independent variables and maximum impact force, whirl deviation ratio, and minimum power loss as the objectives, a multiobjective optimized model of cylindrical roller bearing has been developed using central composite experimental design (CCD) and response surface method. After optimization, the maximum impact force was reduced by 9.26%, the whirl deviation ratio was reduced by 2.87%, and power loss was reduced by 1.45%.

Drought stress caused by water deficit reduces plant productivity in many regions of the world. In plants, basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors regulate a wide range of cellular activities related to growth, development and stress response; however, the role of tomato SlbHLHs in drought stress responses remains elusive. Here, we used reverse genetics approaches to reveal the function of SlbHLH96, which is induced by drought and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. We found that SlbHLH96 functions as a positive regulator of drought tolerance in tomato. Overexpression of SlbHLH96 in tomato improves drought tolerance by stimulating the expression of genes encoding antioxidants, ABA signaling molecules and stress-related proteins. In contrast, silencing of SlbHLH96 in tomato reduces drought tolerance. SlbHLH96 physically interacts with an ethylene-responsive factor, SlERF4, and silencing of SlERF4 in tomato also decreases drought tolerance. Furthermore, SlbHLH96 can repress the expression of the ABA catabolic gene, SlCYP707A2, through direct binding to its promoter. Our results uncover a novel mechanism of SlbHLH96-mediated drought tolerance in tomato plants, which can be exploited for breeding drought-resilient crops.

Objective. To explore the changes of entropy index and cerebral oxygen metabolism in the maintenance of remifentanil anesthesia and the predictive value of postoperative hyperalgesia. Methods. A total of 266 patients undergoing general anesthesia in our hospital from January 2020 to October 2021 were selected, and remifentanil was used to maintain anesthesia. The state entropy, reaction entropy, and cerebral oxygen metabolism indexes (cerebral oxygen uptake rate (CERO2), arterial-venous blood oxygen difference (Da-jvO2)) of patients before induction of anesthesia, 15 minutes during the operation, and at the end of the operation were compared. The influencing factors of postoperative hyperalgesia were analyzed. The logistic regression model of postoperative hyperalgesia was established, and the value of entropy index and cerebral oxygen metabolism in predicting postoperative hyperalgesia was evaluated by drawing the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results. The state entropy, response entropy, and CERO2 at 30 min during the operation and at the end of the operation were lower than those before the induction of anesthesia, and Da-jvO2 was higher than that before the induction of anesthesia ( P < 0.001 ). At the end of the operation, the state entropy, reaction entropy, and CERO2 were higher than 30 minutes during the operation, and Da-jvO2 was lower than 30 minutes during the operation ( P < 0.001 ). The dosage of remifentanil, reaction entropy, and CERO2 at the end of the operation entered the logistic model. The AUC value of the reaction entropy and CERO2 combined to predict postoperative hyperalgesia at the end of the operation was 0.851 greater than the reaction entropy at the end of the operation ( χ 2 = 3.847 , P = 0.036 ), CERO2 ( χ 2 = 2.589 , P = 0.010 ) single index predictive value. Conclusion. The entropy index and cerebral oxygen metabolism in general anesthesia patients change with the progress and discontinuation of remifentanil maintenance anesthesia, and the combination of the two has a high predictive power in postoperative hyperalgesia risk assessment. When the reaction entropy > 54.23 , CER O 2 > 34.14 % , or the total dosage of remifentanil ≥ 30 μ g / kg at the end of the operation, we should be highly vigilant of the occurrence of postoperative hyperalgesia and postoperative analgesia management should be strengthened.

Exposure to high concentrations of copper can cause toxic effects on the growth and development of organisms, but the relevant toxic mechanisms are far from fully understood. This study investigated the changes of metabolites, genes, and gut microorganisms in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to 0 (control), 67.58 (low), 168.96 (medium), and 337.92 (high) mg/kg of Cu in soil for 60 days. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differential metabolites (DMs) at the low-, medium-, and high-level Cu exposure groups were identified and introduced into Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed that amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism are the major metabolic pathways disturbed by Cu exposure. Furthermore, Cu exposure significantly decreased the diversity of the intestinal bacterial community and affected the relative abundance (increased or decreased) of intestinal colonizing bacteria. This resulted in high energy expenditure, inhibited nutrient absorption and fatty acid synthesis, and weakened antioxidant and detoxification abilities, ultimately inhibiting the growth of E. fetida. These findings offer important clues and evidence for understanding the mechanism of Cu-induced growth and development toxicity in E. fetida and provide further data for risk assessment in terrestrial ecosystems.

Microbial pellets technology has undergone extensive research recently and has increasingly matured, showing significant promise. However, the performance of microbial pellets cannot be predicted quickly by the current evaluating methods because they are complicated to operate, take a long time, and pose a risk to the environment. In this study, a representative microbial pellet, fungi-algae pellet, was selected as the research object. Eight evaluation parameters and four evaluation indices were chosen to construct the performance evaluation system of the fungal-algal pellets using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and weighting method. Combining the correlation analysis and expert opinion, we found that among the eight parameters selected, the adsorption saturation rate of mycelial pellets on algae had the most significant influence weight on the performance of fungi-algae pellet, followed by algal culture time and fungal incubation time. This research proposes and validates the Performance Evaluation Value (PEV) of fungi-algae pellet and its calculation method. We also discuss the effectiveness of this new evaluation system in saving time, cost, and emission reductions. The results of this paper enable the rapid evaluation of fungi-algae pellets and promote the better development of fungi-algae pellets technology and even other multi-microbial symbiotic pellet technologies.

Achieving rural revitalization is the aim of building a strong modern socialist country. However, regional heterogeneity exists in rural development in general, and studying regional differences in rural development quality is an important prerequisite for developing specific policies for rural revitalization. This paper takes 20 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province as the research objects and constructs a rural-development-quality-evaluation system based on four dimensions: industrial revitalization, rural affluence, social development, and environmental livability; combines the entropy value method, hierarchical analysis method, and TOPSIS to complete the evaluation process; uses a spatial autocorrelation model and cold–hot spot analysis to explore the characteristics of regional heterogeneity of rural development in Guangdong Province; and relies on stepwise regression analysis to clarify the main influencing factors. The results show the following: (1) The average value of rural development quality in the province is 0.342, with “high in the middle and low in the surrounding area” as the main spatial characteristic. (2) The average value of environmental livability dimension is 0.580, and the high-value area is found in the northeastern part of the province. There is an outer circle distribution structure with Dongguan City as the core of the high-value area, and the score gradually decreases outward, while the average value of all other dimensions is less than 0.350. The mean value of all other dimensions is less than 0.350. (3) The social development dimension shows a cold–hot spot distribution of “hot in the northeast and low in the middle”, the rural development quality and other development dimensions show a cold–hot spot spatial pattern of “high value gathering in the middle and low value gathering in the northeast”, and there is no cold spot gathering in the environmental livability dimension. (4) The average collective assets and the construction rate of science-based communities are the main driving factors of rural development, while the coverage rate of service institutions and the Engel coefficient are the main hindering factors. This paper enriches the rural development level measurement system, clarifies the spatial differentiation and main influencing factors of rural development in Guangdong Province, and helps to provide scientific support and a theoretical basis for the differentiated promotion of rural revitalization.

Selective laser melting (SLM) is used extensively in the manufacture of components for both production and domestic applications. However, the lack of fusion pores is one of the most common defects in the SLM process, affecting the performance and life of the part and hindering the development of the SLM process. Meanwhile, the defects are particularly sensitive to changes in SLM process parameters. The micro-selective laser melting (μ SLM) model was established by molecular dynamics simulation, and the lack of fusion pores in the melt pool was analyzed by a multifunctional wavefunction analyzer to understand the difference of the porosities under different processes. The results show that both laser power and scanning speed can prolong the existence time of the melt pool by changing the input energy density. The melted powder has more time to fill the lack of fusion pores, thus reducing the porosity. The larger scanning spacing hinders the combination of adjacent melt pools, leading to an increase in porosity. Reducing scanning spacing will lead to sintering or remelting, thus improving the bonding quality of adjacent melt pools and effectively reducing porosity.

To clarify the mutual influence and inner processes between heavy-metal and pesticide pollutants, single copper and atrazine as well as binary mixtures were spiked in a system of aquatic Acorus tatarinowi Schott. The results show that: the total copper amount in roots was 23.31 and 41.46 times as much as those in leaves in single and co-contaminated copper pollution. In the solution, the copper removal reached equilibrium in 3 days. Atrazine raised plant-mediated copper removal by 20.69 % by calculating mass balance, and the increase in pH value and organic matter and the decrease of nitrate in solutions were key factors driving it. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the pH increase was mainly caused by the decline of nitrate and increases in organic matter in the solution. Hydroxyl units on the surface of organic matter in solutions provided binding sites for Cu

The severe lethal activity of bone tissue and cartilage as denote to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Polyphenols are extensively used as a curative agent for many diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulant properties in many inflammatory chronic conditions. The selective delivery of polyphenol to the affected joints side achieves a better treatment strategy. Nanogels are promising medication conveyance frameworks and are made out of cross-connected different polymeric networks. The present investigation focusing on the potential uses of folic acid (FA) conjugated polymeric nanogel system is made by the interconnection between chitosan (CS) and poly(2-ethyl-oxazoline) (CS-POX) used to encapsulate chlorogenic acid (CA) to deduce the inflammatory effects in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The different dose of CA (1, 5, and 10 mg/mL) encapsulated CS-POX nanogel assists to clinical evaluation of diverse biological parameters including arthritis index (AI), hind paw volume, histological analysis, vital organ weight percentage and quantitative measurement of cytokines including, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and prostaglandin enzyme 2 (PGE2). The results proved the oral administrated polymeric nanogel effectively deduces the joint space narrowing, AI score, the hind paw and minimizes the weight of vital organs in CIA rats. The increased level of inflammatory-related immune components such as (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, PGE2 and anti-CII antibody in blood serum and joint tissue samples were subsequently reduced in the CIA rats after the treated with FA conjugated CS-POX-CA nanogel.

It is still unclear about the superiority of the nanoscale Fe3O4-assisted extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) compared to traditional EPS and its application feasibility in sulfonamide-contaminated aqueous system. This study reported eco-friendly and reusable EPS/Fe3O4 was applied in the sulfonamide-contaminated water treatment, including sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfamerazine (SM1), sulfamethazine (SM2) and sulfadiazine (SDZ), respectively. EPS/Fe3O4 exhibited the adsorption performance of 77.93%, 74.13%, 65.62%, and 56.64% for SMX, SM1, SM2 and SDZ, respectively, increased by 7.93%, 19.02%, 13.78% and 9.93% compared to traditional EPS. The initial pH value tuned adsorption performance via varying existing species of each sulfonamides. The adsorption process could be well fitted by Freundlich and pseudo-second-order kinetics models. Moreover, the multiple evidences from SEM, FTIR, zeta potential and XRD explained the adsorption mechanisms (i.e., chemisorption, ion exchange, hydroxyl group and hydrophobicity). Desorption and recycle adsorption experiments demonstrated the well regeneration ability of EPS/Fe3O4 as biosorbent (67.12% adsorption performance for SMX after five adsorption-desorption cycles), suggesting EPS/Fe3O4 was considered as a superior choice for sulfonamide-contaminated water treatment compared to the unrecyclable EPS.

A facile and rapid postsynthetic modification strategy for functionalization of covalent organic framework (COF) was developed to synthesize a tailor-made pH-responsive COF called TpPa-1@Au@GSH for highly efficient extraction of N1-methyladenosine (m1A). Glutathione (GSH) was judiciously designed as the functional group for extracting and releasing m1A by pH variations. With the aid of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) as linkers, GSH was successfully introduced to the robust substrate TpPa-1 in only one step spending only 1 h. Owing to the several-to-one immobilization of GSH on Au NPs and the large surface area of TpPa-1, this functional COF was constructed with abundant m1A binding sites. TpPa-1@Au@GSH showed excellent selectivity for m1A extraction by capturing m1A from a mixture of 14 nucleoside analogues followed by mass spectrometry analysis. It was proved to have ultrafast adsorption ability (only 1 min incubation time), high binding capacity (5 mg g-1, m1A/TpPa-1@Au@GSH), good reusability (at least 5 times), and good storage stability (at least 8 months at room temperature). Great performance was also achieved in extracting m1A from both animal and plant biological samples. The adsorption mechanism was demonstrated to be based on the electrostatic interaction. This work proposed a new approach for m1A extraction, demonstrated the high potential of COFs in biological sample pretreatment, and offered an effective and versatile route for functionalization of COFs.

Environmentally friendly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained considerable attention for their potential use as heterogeneous catalysts. Herein, two CuI -based MOFs, namely, [Cu4 Cl4 L]⋅CH3 OH⋅1.5 H2 O (1-Cl) and [Cu4 Br4 L]⋅DMF⋅0.5 H2 O (1-Br), were assembled with new functionalized thiacalix[4]arenes (L) and halogen anions X- (X=Cl and Br) under solvothermal conditions. Remarkably, catalysts 1-Cl and 1-Br exhibit great stability in aqueous solutions over a wide pH range. Significantly, MOFs 1-Cl and 1-Br, as recycled heterogeneous catalysts, are capable of highly efficient catalysis for click reactions in water. The MOF structures, especially the exposed active CuI sites and 1D channels, play a key role in the improved catalytic activities. In particular, their catalytic activities in water are greatly superior to those in organic solvents or even in mixed solvents. This work proposes an attractive route for the design and self-assembly of environmentally friendly MOFs with high catalytic activity and reusability in water.

A network Meta-analysis based on Bayesian theory was used to evaluate efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of dry eye disease(DED), so as to provide evidence-based research basis for clinical application.Randomized controlled trials (RCT) for acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of DED published from the inception of database to November 25, 2020 were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Sinomed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP Database. Two reviewers independently screened the literatures, extracted the data. The quality of the included literature was evaluated, and network Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata14.0 and R4.0.3 software.A total of 71 literatures were identified, including 5 536 patients with DED, covering 11 different interventions. Network Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture+traditional Chinese medicine+artificial tears was the best treatment option in terms of the clinical effective rate, breakup time of tear film (BUT), Schirmer I test (SIT) with surface under cumulative ranking area value. Acupuncture+traditional Chinese medicine+artificial tears was better than artificial tears in the clinical effective rate (odds ratio［Acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of DED are generally better than artificial tears, and acupuncture-moxibustion combined with other traditional Chinese medicine therapy has the best effect.