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El sarcoma sinovial es un tumor maligno de partes blandas, bien diferenciado y que representa entre 5.6% a 10% de todos los sarcomas. Su localizacion en cabeza y cuello no es comun, y representa cerca de un 9%, con menos de 100 casos reportados en la literatura. La localizacion intraoral es muy peculiar, existiendo 32 casos previamente descritos en el mundo, de los cuales 3 corresponden al tipo monofasico. Se presenta un caso de un paciente varon de 16 anos con un caso de sarcoma sinovial intraoral monofasico y una revision de la literatura disponible

Objective: The present study investigated the performance of Brazilian children in the Continuous Performance Test, CPT-II, and compared results to those of the norms obtained in the United States. Method: The U.S. norms were compared to those of a Brazilian sample composed of 6- to 11-year-olds separated into 4 age-groups (half boys) that represented the socioeconomic class distribution of São Paulo City. The children were prescreened for attention deficit disorders (ADHD). Results: Age and gender effects in the Brazilian sample were similar to those previously described. However, the Brazilian sample showed better performance in almost all measures in all age-groups compared to that of the United States. Conclusion: It is discussed that differences between samples probably reflect lack of ADHD screening of the U.S. children. More studies are necessary to determine if the CPT-II is a cross-cultural test with participants from different samples matched for age, gender, and socioeconomic status screened for ADHD. ( J. of Att. Dis. 2008; 11(5) 588-598)

OBJECTIVES: to compare the neuropsychological profile of eutrophic, stunted and chronically malnourished children, and to analyse the role of socio-economic factors on the cognitive development. METHODS: seven to 10 year-old girls and boys from a poor community in São Paulo were evaluated: 27 eutrophyc, 31 stunted and 15 chronically malnourished. Neuropsychological evaluation involved cognitive functions not fully assessed in this population, such as working, declarative and non-declarative memories, attention and executive functions. Socio-economic indicators, maternal mental health and the children's behaviour at school were also evaluated. RESULTS: malnourished children had a lower score on the vocabulary test than the eutrophic and stunted groups (p s

Background Obesity is a pathophysiology condition that influences the metabolic pathways, and the association with pregnancy can worsen the lipidic and glycemic profiles. Moreover, Duguetia furfuracea has been used for obesity and also kidney disease treatment, however a very few studies have been conducted to verify its effectiveness and safety for using as well as to evaluate its influence on metabolic profile.

Background Several trials have demonstrated an association between obesity and asthma severity. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a metric used to estimate the amount of body fat. It’s one of the best methods for population assessment of overweight and obesity. We have investigated the relationship between BMI and asthma severity in an adult asthmatic population from the Clinical Immunology outpatient service of an University Hospital.

This study compared Brazilian and North American children regarding naming, familiarity and visual complexity of a set of 400 pictures.Thirty-six Brazilian children (18 boys) aged 5 to 7 were evaluated. Their characteristics and the study procedure and measures were the same as those employed for the North American population enabling direct comparison of data from the two samples through Spearman rho correlations and Student t tests.Positive significant correlations between overall results of Brazilian and North American children were observed for all measures. Qualitative analysis showed that both groups gave modal names that differed from the intended names for the same 59 pictures. The Brazilian children named 72 pictures differently from the intended names that were correctly named by the North American children, who named 26 pictures differently from the intended names that were correctly named by the Brazilians.The 400 picture set was shown to be an adequate tool for use in different cultures. However, it is advisable to avoid pictures that produced naming inconsistencies by the Brazilian and North American children in studies in other cultures with the same age group until specific norms are made available.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa Multi-Institucional e Inter-Regional de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis, 2005. A Dissertação de Mestrado tem como objetivo analisar as práticas de contabilidade gerencial, utilizadas por Organizações do Terceiro Setor, situadas na região Metropolitana do Recife. A pesquisa procura responder quais as práticas de contabilidade gerencial são utilizadas por essas Organizações, bem como testar um modelo conceitual que questiona: a) se existe relação entre as características dos gestores e as práticas de contabilidade gerencial, adotadas pelas Organizações pesquisadas; b) se existe relação entre as características da Organização e as práticas de contabilidade gerencial, adotadas por elas; c) se existe relação entre a qualificação como Oscip e as práticas de contabilidade gerencial adotadas; e d) se existe relação entre a qualificação enquanto Oscip e as características do modelo de avaliação de desempenho adotado pelas Organizações pesquisadas. As informações, tomadas como base para o estudo, foram obtidas por meio de uma pesquisa empírica, com questionários, junto a 21 (vinte e uma) Organizações da cidade do Recife, capital do Estado de Pernambuco. Um dos pontos mais importantes da pesquisa foi a evidenciação de que as Organizações que possuem a qualificação de Oscip - Organização da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público -, adotam práticas de contabilidade gerencial superiores às das demais Organizações do Terceiro Setor. This study investigates management accounting practices in the Third Sector Organizations (TSO), located at Recife Metropolitan Area. The research’s aim is to determine management accounting practices used by these Organizations, as well as to test a conceptual model which enquires: a) whether there is a relationship between management characteristics and management accounting practices adopted by the researched organizations; b) whether there is a relationships between Organizations characteristics and the management accounting practices they adopt; c) whether there’s is a relationship between OSCIP and the management accounting practices adopted; and d) whether there is a relationship between OSCIP and the features of the performance evaluation model adopted. The research’s data were obtained by an empirical research using questionnaires, applied in the city of Recife, capital of the State of Pernambuco. Twenty one organizations participated. One of the outstanding points of the research was the evidence that Organizations classified as OSCIP - Public Interest Civil Societies - adopted practices of management accounting superior than other TSO.

OBJETIVO: Este estudo comparou os resultados entre crianças brasileiras e americanas quanto àomeação, familiaridade com o conceito representado e complexidade visual de um conjunto de 400 figuras MÉTODO: Foram avaliadas 36 crianças brasileiras (18 meninos) de 5 a 7 anos de idade com características semelhantes às crianças americanas. Os procedimentos e medidas empregados no estudo brasileiro foram os mesmos usados para a população americana permitindo comparação direta dos dados das duas amostras através de correlações rho de Spearman e testes t de Student. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas correlações positivas significativas para todas as medidas entre as amostras brasileira e americana. A análise qualitativa demonstrou que ambos os grupos deram nomes modais que diferem do proposto para 59 figuras. As crianças brasileiras utilizaram nomes que diferem do proposto para 72 figuras nomeadas corretamente pelas americanas. As americanas nomearam diferentemente do nome modal 26 figuras nomeadas corretamente pelas brasileiras. CONCLUSÃO: O conjunto de 400 figuras mostrou-se um instrumento adequado para uso em diferentes culturas. Contudo, é aconselhável evitar o uso de figuras que produziram inconsistência de nomeação nas populações brasileira e norte-americana em estudos em outras culturas com o mesmo grupo etário até que normas específicas estejam disponíveis. OBJECTIVE: This study compared Brazilian and North American children regarding naming, familiarity and visual complexity of a set of 400 pictures. METHOD: Thirty-six Brazilian children (18 boys) aged 5 to 7 were evaluated. Their characteristics and the study procedure and measures were the same as those employed for the North American population enabling direct comparison of data from the two samples through Spearman rho correlations and Student t tests. RESULTS: Positive significant correlations between overall results of Brazilian and North American children were observed for all measures. Qualitative analysis showed that both groups gave modal names that differed from the intended names for the same 59 pictures. The Brazilian children named 72 pictures differently from the intended names that were correctly named by the North American children, who named 26 pictures differently from the intended names that were correctly named by the Brazilians. CONCLUSION: The 400 picture set was shown to be an adequate tool for use in different cultures. However, it is advisable to avoid pictures that produced naming inconsistencies by the Brazilian and North American children in studies in other cultures with the same age group until specific norms are made available.

Snodgrass & Vanderwart (1980) standardized a set of 260 pictures in the USA for use in studies of cognitive processes that employ pictured objects as laboratory analogues of object themselves. Since then similar norms for this set were obtained in Britain, Spain, Japan and Iceland and a larger set of 400 pictures (including the original 260: Cycowicz et al., 1997) was studied in France and Brazil. The present article provides a comparison of the norms obtained in Brazil and internationally. The pattern of correlations among the Brazilian and other standardizations were equivalent to that previously observed: despite pictures being judged to be of similar familiarity and visual complexity (high positive correlations), name agreement was less correlated, possibly due to differences in the languages spoken in each country and/or in the sample size used in each study. Results confirm the adequacy of the Brazilian norms. Snodgrass & Vanderwart (1980) padronizaram um conjunto de 260 figuras nos EUA para uso em pesquisas de processos cognitivos nas quais figuras de objetos são utilizadas como análogos laboratoriais de objetos propriamente ditos. Desde então normas similares foram obtidas no Reino Unido, Espanha, Japão e Islândia, e um conjunto de 400 figuras (incluindo as 260 originais: Cycowicz et al., 1997) foi estudado na França e no Brasil. O presente estudo traz uma comparação das normas obtidas no Brasil e internacionalmente. O padrão de correlações entre as padronizações brasileira e as demais foi equiparável ao previamente descrito: apesar das figuras serem julgadas como tendo familiaridade e complexidade visual similares (correlações positivas elevadas), a consistência de nomeação foi menos correlacionada, possivelmente devido a diferenças nos idiomas de cada pais pesquisado e/ou devido ao tamanho da amostra empregada em cada estudo. Os resultados confirmaram a adequação das normas brasileiras.

We compared 25 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 24 normal controls on a test of free recall of words. Some lists contained words that were all unrelated, while in others the intermediary words were semantically related. In another set, the mid-list words were repeated across the lists, or, in addition to the repetition, were semantically associated. Immediate recall was assessed using these lists. Delayed recall was assessed using different lists (delay-unrelated and delay-related) after distractor tasks. Recency was not affected in MS patients, but the primacy effect was lower than in controls, this effect being interpreted as due to a deficiency in articulatory rehearsal. The delay interval after each list abolished recency in both groups and resulted in impaired recall in MS patients. However the patients, like the controls, benefited from semantic relations in the middle of the lists and from spaced repetition of words across the lists, in either immediate and delayed recall. The enhancing effects of word relatedness and of spaced repetition are seen as being due to automatic processes preserved in MS patients.

Goat ovarian follicles produce estrone and estradiol from androgens. The synthesis of C18 estrogens from C19 androgens requires cytochrome P450 aromatase, but little information about this key enzyme is available in the goat. We report here for the first time the cDNA sequence of the goat ovarian aromatase, the activity of the enzyme in a cell system, and its expression in the term goat placenta. A cDNA library from goat ovarian poly(A)+ RNA was constructed. Human aromatase cDNA was selected as probe to screen the library; several clones were isolated, but none was complete. The longest clone was 3.1 kb long, but it lacked the sequence coding for a few amino acids in the NH(2)-terminal. To obtain the missing sequence, we performed reverse amplification of the cDNA end (RACE). Sequence analysis indicated that goat aromatase possessed a very long 3'-untranslated region ( approximately 1790 bp), and a polyadenylation signal (AATAAA) located at position 3320 downstream from the ATG start codon. The coding region of goat cDNA was inserted in an expression vector and transfected into HEK-293 cells that were cultured in presence of [14C]-androstenedione, steroids extracted and further separated by TLC. The transfected cells efficiently transformed [14C]-androstenedione into estrone. This activity was inhibited by 4-hydroxyandrostenedione. We also investigated the presence of mRNA for P450 aromatase in the goat placenta, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and primers derived from the cDNA ovarian sequence and confirmed the expression of the mRNA in term placenta.

We report a case of a six-year-old girl with frequent diarrhea episodes associated with ferroprive anemia from 6 months of age, normal neuromotor development and partial seizures initiated in her 3rd year which was controlled with carbamazepine. CT scan in her 5th year of age demonstrated gyral calcifications in the occipital and posterior parietal regions bilaterally. MRI has shown low signal areas in the axial T2 sequences corresponding to the gyral calcifications evident on the CT. Blood investigation for coeliac disease with antigliadin, endomysial and transglutaminase antibodies was positive and the intestinal biopsy has showed villous atrophy associated with an increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and hypertrophic criptae compatible with coeliac disease.

Este artículo analiza las relaciones políticas que se tejieron entre la elite empresarial de Cartagena y Barranquilla, y los gobiernos de Rafael Reyes y Carlos E. Restrepo de 1904 a 1914, así como las tensiones que se presentaron entre los empresarios de la costa caribe colombiana y los de Bogotá por la defensa de sus intereses, que cada uno de estos sectores empresariales colocó frente a la política económica durante estos años. El centro de estas tensiones económicas tiene como núcleo la producción y el comercio de harina; en este sentido, el debate que se presenta en torno a este tema reproduce rivalidades que se dieron desde finales del periodo colonial, y revive las confrontaciones por los mercados, la política y el modelo económico que se impone en el país entre 1904 y 1914.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common disease in Western countries of temperate/cold climate, but in tropical countries an increasing number of cases have been diagnosticated. Moved by the lack of information about cognitive dysfunction of Brazilian MS patients, the present study attempted to describe features of neuropsychological alterations in patients with relapsing remitting MS living in the city of São Paulo. They were compared to healthy volunteers, matched for age and education. In the absence of global intellectual deterioration, the patients had a deficit: a) in learning and verbal long-term memory tasks and in visual long-term memory of complex figure; b) in timed tasks, accounted for by a slowness of mental processes; c) in tasks with a motor component. Tendency to depression was observed; anxiety levels were normal. A esclerose múltipla (EM) é doença comum em países de clima temperado/frio, mas também em países tropicais um crescente número de casos tem sido diagnosticado. Motivado pela escassez de informações acerca da cognição dos portadores de EM em nosso país, o presente estudo procurou traçar o perfil neuropsicológico de pacientes com EM da forma surto-remissão, residentes no município de São Paulo, os quais foram comparados a pessoas sadias, com idade e escolaridade semelhantes. A inteligência geral dos pacientes estava preservada mas foram detectados déficits: a) em tarefas de aprendizagem e de memória verbal e visual de figura complexa, ambas de longo prazo; b) em tarefas cronometradas, explicados por lentificação do processamento mental; c) em tarefas com componente motor. Tendência a depressão foi observada; os níveis de ansiedade encontravam-se normais.

The main objective of this study was to analyse the clinical and neuropsychological profile of a sample of Brazilian children with ADHD, in order to contribute for diagnostic procedures. Participants were 150 children aged 7 to 14 with complaints of attention difficulties and/or hyperactivity. They were assessed by a multidisciplinary team with a battery of neuropsychological tests.Results:75 children (55 male) fulfilled the criteria for ADHD: 35 of inattentive type, 28 of combined type and 12 hyperactive/impulsive. In addition, 33 (44%) of the children had comorbities. Children with higher scores for hyperactivity and impulsivity showed low performance in these working memory measures than those with other types. In the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT), a higher rate of omissions was found in the inattentive group. Children with comorbidity of oppositional desafiant disorder presented lower ISI and Hit RT scores in addition to higher rates of omission.Conclusion:This study suggests that neuropsychological profile in children with ADHD is associated to specific differences in working memory performance and also in specific measures of the CPT. In addition, better defined tests, involving not only attention and motor planning may determine different neuropsychological profiles and, consequently, different approaches in cognitive rehabilitation.

The WCST has shown to be useful in detecting frontal-lobe dysfunctions in patients with ADHD, schizophrenic patients, Parkinson's disease. The computerized version of the WCST is based on the same normative data developed previously for the standard (manual) 128-card version. However, the equivalence of the measures of both versions has not yet been investigated.The present study investigated the performance of a sample of Brazilian children aged 6-10 years, using the computerized version of the WCST. The results were compared to those of Brazilian and American children which used the manual version.The Brazilian sample in the present study was composed of 400 children. The comparison between groups was carried out by age-group using t student test.Results showed significant differences of North American children (manual version) in almost all measures in the age groups, where the Brazilian children presented a poorer performance. The comparison between the Brazilian samples (manual and computerized version) showed differences only in some measures; however, children of the present study obtained higher scores than those which used the manual version.In conclusion, the differences between computerized and manual versions in both Brazilian samples indicate that the norms provided for the manual version should not be used for the computerized version. The comparison between American and Brazilian samples also indicates that regional normative data must be provided for computerized WCST adaptations.

Introduction: A combination of antihistamines and oral corticosteroids is often used to treat acute symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Objective: To evaluate safety and efficacy of desloratadine plus prednisolone in the treatment of acute symptoms of children (2-12 years) with allergic rhinitis, and to compare it to dexchlorpheniramine plus betamethasone. Methods: Children with moderate/severe persistent allergic rhinitis and symptomatic (nasal symptoms score [0-12] ≥ 6) were allocated in a double-blind, randomized fashion to receive dexchlorpheniramine plus betamethasone (n = 105; three daily doses) or desloratadine plus prednisolone (n = 105; single dose followed by two of placebo) for 7 days. At the beginning and end of the evaluation, the following were obtained: nasal symptoms score, extra nasal symptoms score, peak nasal inspiratory flow, blood biochemistry, and electrocardiogram. Ninety-six children of the dexchlorpheniramine plus betamethasone group and 98 of the desloratadine plus prednisolone group completed the protocol. Results: The two groups were similar regarding initial and final nasal symptoms scores, extra nasal symptoms scores and peak nasal inspiratory flow. A drop of 76.4% and 79.1% for nasal symptoms score, 86.0% and 79.2% for extra nasal symptoms score, as well as an increase of 25.2% and 24.3% for peak nasal inspiratory flow occurred for those treated with desloratadine plus prednisolone and dexchlorpheniramine plus betamethasone, respectively. There were no significant changes in blood chemistry. Sinus tachycardia was the most frequent electrocardiogram change, but with no clinical significance. Drowsiness was reported significantly more often among those of dexchlorpheniramine plus betamethasone group (17.14% × 8.57%, respectively). Conclusion: The desloratadine plus prednisolone combination was able to effectively control acute symptoms of rhinitis in children, improving symptoms and nasal function. Compared to the dexchlorpheniramine plus betamethasone combination, it showed similar clinical action, but with a lower incidence of adverse events and higher dosing convenience. Resumo Introdução: A associação entre anti-histamínicos e corticosteroides orais é frequentemente empregada no tratamento de sintomas agudos de rinite alérgica. Objetivo: Avaliar a segurança e eficácia da associação desloratadina + prednisolona no tratamento de sintomas agudos de crianças (2-12 anos) com rinite alérgica e compará-las com as da associação dexclorfeniramina + betametasona. Método: Crianças com rinite alérgica persistente moderada/grave e sintomáticas (escore de sintomas nasais [0-12] ≥ 6) foram alocadas de modo duplo-cego e randômico para receber dexclorfeniramina + betametasona (n = 105; três doses diárias) ou desloratadina + prednisolona (n = 105; dose única seguida por duas de placebo) por 7 dias. No início e no fim da avaliação foram obtidos: escore de sintomas nasais, escore de sintomas extranasais, pico de fluxo inspiratório nasal, bioquímica sanguínea e eletrocardiograma. Do total, 96 crianças do grupo dexclorfeniramina + betametasona e 98 do grupo desloratadina + prednisolona concluíram o protocolo. Resultados: Os dois grupos foram iguais com relação ao escore de sintomas nasais, escore de sintomas nasais extranasais e pico de fluxo inspiratório nasal iniciais e finais. Observou-se queda de 76,4% e 79,1% nos escores para escore de sintomas nasais, de 86,0% e 79,2% para escore de sintomas extranasais, assim como incremento de 25,2% e de 24,3% para o pico de fluxo inspiratório nasal para os grupos desloratadina + prednisolona e dexclorfeniramina + betametasona, respectivamente. Não houve alterações significativas da bioquímica sanguínea. Taquicardia sinusal foi a alteração do eletrocardiograma mais encontrada, mas sem significância clínica. Sonolência foi significantemente mais referida entre os tratados com dexclorfeniramina + betametasona do que entre os desloratadina + prednisolona (8,57% × 17,14%, respectivamente). Conclusão: A associação desloratadina + prednisolona foi capaz de controlar efetivamente os sintomas agudos de rinite em crianças, melhorou sintomas e a função nasal. Na comparação com a associação dexclorfeniramina + betametasona, demonstrou ação clínica semelhante, mas com menor incidência de eventos adversos e maior comodidade posológica.

Foram analisados os discursos dos políticos Jair Bolsonaro e Donald Trump durante as respectivas corridas presidenciais e apresentada a necessidade de investimento em sistemas de fact-checking para aprimoramento da transparência e da qualidade das informações on-line em políticas. A análise foi feita através de tweets publicados pelos candidatos nos 45 dias que antecederam as suas vitórias. Acredita-se que a verificação de fatos auxilia o processo político, desde que seja aplicada como instrumento legal pelos órgãos reguladores, com o intuito de penalizar os candidatos que façam uso de técnicas de persuasão não transparentes e antiéticas. The speeches of the politicians Jair Bolsonaro and Donald Trump during their presidential races were analysed and the need of investments in fact-checking systems was presented as a mechanism to improve the policies of transparency and online information quality. The analysis was made through the tweets published by the candidates in the 45 days that precedes their victories. The fact checking can improve the political process, as long as it is applied as a legal instrument by regulatory entities, in order to penalize candidates who use non-transparent and unethical persuasion techniques.

Numa sociedade cada vez mais envelhecida, onde se verifica um aumento significativo das necessidades em saúde dos idosos, emerge como foco de atenção o cuidado informal à pessoa idosa dependente, cuja responsabilidade cabe prioritariamente à família. Cuidar de quem cuida é uma responsabilidade e deverá ser uma preocupação de todos os profissionais de saúde, em especial dos Enfermeiros, devendo ser a sua intervenção centrada no equilíbrio da dinâmica cuidador/idoso. Este equilíbrio é facilmente perturbado pelo cuidado informal ao idoso dependente, motivo pelo qual elaborámos o presente artigo com o objectivo de descrever as vivências sentidas pelo cuidador informal, encontradas na produção científica disponível. A pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: CINAHL, MedicLatina, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection; Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal; The Cochrane Library, DynaMed; SciELO; e Google Scholar, conduzindo a uma amostra de 17 estudos primários e uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Os principais resultados encontrados evidenciam alguns eixos, em torno dos quais se constroem as vivências do cuidador informal do idoso dependente, nomeadamente: os motivos de aceitação do papel; as dificuldades; as estratégias de coping; os factores relacionados com a sobrecarga e as fontes de satisfação que advêm do acto de cuidar. In an increasingly aging society, where there is a significant increase in health needs of the elderly is emerging, as attention focus, the informal care to dependent elderly person whose responsibility belongs primarily to the family. Caring for the caregiver is a responsibility and should be a concern of all health professionals, especially the nurses, being that their intervention should be focused on the dynamic equilibrium of caregiver / elderly. This balance is easily disturbed by the informal care to elderly dependent, and due to this motive we drafted the present article that aims to describe the experiences felt by informal caregivers, that were found in the scientific literature available. The survey was conducted in the following databases: CINAHL, MedicLatina, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection; the Open Access Repository Scientific Portugal; The Cochrane Library, DynaMed, SciELO and Google Scholar, leading to a sample of 17 studies primary and a systematic literature review. The main results point out the existence of some axes, around which the experiences of informal caregivers of dependent elderly are built, namely: the reasons for accepting the role; the difficulties; coping strategies; factors related to the burden and sources of satisfaction triggered by the act of caring. En una sociedad cada vez más envejecida, donde hay un aumento significativo de las necesidades de salud de las personas mayores, surge como un foco de atención informal a la persona mayor dependiente, cuya responsabilidad corresponde principalmente a la familia. El cuidado del cuidador es una responsabilidad y debe ser una preocupación para todos los profesionales de la salud, especialmente las enfermeras, su intervención debe centrarse en el equilibrio dinámico del cuidador / anciano. Este equilibrio se altera fácilmente por el cuidado informal a personas mayores con dependencia, y por eso hemos preparado este artículo para describir las experiencias que sienten los cuidadores informales, que se encuentran en la literatura científica disponible. La encuesta se realizó en las bases de datos: CINAHL, MedicLatina, MEDLINE, Behavioral Sciences Collection; the Open Access Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal, Cochrane Library, DynaMed, SciELO y El Google Académico, lo que lleva a una muestra de 17 estudios primaria y una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Los resultados apuntan principal la existencia de algunos ejes, en torno a que las experiencias de los cuidadores informales de ancianos dependientes se construyen, a saber: las razones para aceptar el papel, las dificultades, las estrategias de afrontamiento, factores & quot relacionados con la carga y las fuentes de satisfacción provocada por el acto de cuidar.

Este trabalho tem por escopo a análise da aplicabilidade prática e a efetividade do critério utilizado para aferir o merecimento das cotas raciais de acesso à Universidade, à luz dos princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana e da igualdade, plasmados na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Ressaltaremos a história dos afro-descendentes no Brasil, desde sua chegada motivada pela necessidade de mão-de-obra nos engenhos, bem como o status de escravo, as leis abolicionistas que contribuíram para o fim da escravidão e sua posição na sociedade atual, a fim de verificar a real necessidade da política de cotas. Apontaremos os indicadores sociais denotam a diversidade racial e étnica existente no país, a qual colabora para a miscigenação, e ainda a discriminação racial e o racismo camuflado, norteador da ideia de democracia racial. Analisaremos o surgimento das Ações Afirmativas, seus objetivos, as modalidades existentes, principalmente seus fundamentos constitucionais, bem como os alicerces principiológicos, quais sejam a igualdade e a dignidade da pessoa humana, e sua consolidação no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro.