Search

We report the reversible conductivity and morphology modulation of PEDOT:PSS composites based on pH. Through studying effects of pH on the morphology and conductivity of PEDOT:PSS composites, it was found that different pH of PEDOT:PSS composites solution will result in different morphology of PEDOT:PSS composites film. At the same time, conductivity of the film also changed accordingly. With the increase of pH from 3 to 11, the microstructure of PEDOT:PSS film reversibly changed from a continuous network to non-continuous clusters, and the corresponding conductivity decreased from 0.62 S/cm to 0.42 S/cm. Furthermore, the mechanism was innovatively investigated by Raman spectra, along with UV–Vis spectra and SEM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, five betaine dyes, BT1, BT2, BT3, BT4 and BT5 were successfully synthesized and fully characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, ESI-MS, IR and UV–Visible spectroscopy. Except BT5, remaining betaine dyes are newly synthesized. The reversible thermochromic properties of these dyes were investigated at different temperatures in different solvents. The large thermochromic effect was observed for the dyes and it was attributed to a combination of conformational changes coupled with the relative permittivity of the respective solvent. The thermochromic properties of the betaines were evaluated by UV–Vis studies, and DFT calculations were conducted to rationalize the dye structures. Finally this is the first attempt of the study of color changes in numerous solvents at different temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of hydrogel-based inks are developed to print 3D structures capable of reversible shape deformation in response to hydration and temperature. The inks are made of large polymer chains and UV curable monomers which form interpenetrating polymer networks after polymerization. By taking advantage of the long polymer chains in the ink formulations, it is possible to adjust the rheological properties of the inks to enable 3D printing. Hydrogels produced from the inks exhibit robust mechanical performance with their mechanical properties controlled by the nature of the long polymer chains within their networks. In this paper, hydrogel hinges are made from various ink formulations and a simple model is developed to predict their bending characteristics, including the bending curvature and bending angle. This model can be used as a guide to determine optimal parameters for a wide range of materials combination to create all-hydrogel structures that undergo desired shape transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, sulfhydryl functionalized carbon dots (SH-CDs) were synthesized for the first time by a two-step hydrothermal method. The sulfhydryl group in SH-CDs can be converted efficiently and reversibly in a few minutes under redox conditions. On this basis, ochratoxin A (OTA) induced hybrid chain reaction amplification and alkaline phosphatase enzymatic hydrolysis to produce ascorbic acid (AA). AA reduced the aggregated SH-CDs, thereby realizing the dual-mode rapid quantitative analysis of the OTA concentration by measuring the changes in the fluorescence intensity and absorbance of the SH-CDs solution. The proposed sensor has a good linear relationship with the OTA concentration in the range of 2.0–5.0 nM, and the lowest detection limit is 2.0 nM. Additionally, the visual color change of the solution can improve the simplicity and accuracy of semi-quantitative detection of OTA with the naked eye. In short, this method has the advantages of rapidity, sensitivity, reversibility and visualization. • Novel SH-CDs are efficiently and reversibly converted under redox conditions. • Redox induced dual-mode changes in the fluorescence and absorption of SH-CDs. • HCR amplification significantly improves the sensitivity of OTA detection. • Changing the aptamer sequence can extend the detection of various analytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A reversible fluorescent probe Pyr-1 was developed by integrating pyrene and oxime functional groups and applied for visual detection of Cysteine (Cys). By featuring three binding sites, Pyr-1 exhibited selective fluorescence quenching response towards Fe3+ through the formation of 1:1 coordination complex. The ensemble Pyr-1-Fe 3+ was further applied to detect Cys. Among the various test species, Cys induced unique fluorescence enhancement through the decomplexation process. The detection of Cys exhibited a fluorescence "turn-off-on" phenomenon within 50 s and reversible cycle performed up to at least 32 times. The detection limit was calculated as 0.446 µM. Due to the excellent stability in wide pH range (2−11), Pyr-1-Fe 3+ was successfully applied in detection of Cys in diverse food samples. In practical applications, an obvious fluorescent color difference was observed on paper-based device modified by Pyr-1-Fe 3+ , which was convenient and could be used for on-site evaluation of Cys in food samples. [Display omitted] • A reversible pyrene-based fluorescent probe was developed. • The probe was validated for analysis of endogenous Cys in food samples. • A paper-based colorimetric device was designed for visual detection of Cys. • The device was applied for visual quantitative detection of Cys in food samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) materials are well established in both the wind energy and aerospace industries, with the adoption of FRPs beginning to grow significantly in the automotive sector due to their favourable mechanical and physical properties. Their increased usage, coupled with the inherent complexity of forming FRP–FRP joints, has led to an increase in adhesives as a typical joining method. However, such adhesive joints pose a challenge when undertaking repair or at end-of-life (EoL). Separating the joint to facilitate recycling of the high-value FRP can be extremely labour- and time-intensive. Therefore, the introduction of debondable and reversible technologies into conventional structural adhesives such as acrylics, epoxies and polyurethanes has begun to attract interest within academia and industry which can overcome this challenge by demonstrating reversibility. Nevertheless, such adhesives are at various stages of technology readiness. The next step in adhesive materials development aims to meet current requirements and deliver an evolutionary advantage by enabling repair (when necessary), recycling, and transition towards a circular economy for FRP materials. For example, the use of reversible chemistries such as Diels-Alder or Covalent Adaptable Networks. This comprehensive review considers the latest literature for current debonding technologies including mechanical and thermal debonding, thermally expanding microspheres, induction heating, foaming agents and chemical degradation as well as a variety of reversible chemistries that could be introduced into adhesives for potential use in FRP-FRP joints, including how such reversibility might be activated and any consequences for practical application. The aim is to give readers a deeper understanding of their properties and potential application. [Display omitted] • Types of chemistries involved in structural adhesives. • Current modifications and results to structural adhesives to cause bond failure. • Detailed investigation into 3 different debondable/reversible adhesive for specific use on FRP – FRP joints. • Challenges remaining in using debondable/reversible adhesive when using FRP substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) are a promising nanoscale computing technology that exploits the quantum mechanical tunneling of electrons between quantum dots in a cell and electrostatic interaction between dots in neighboring cells. QCA can achieve higher speed, lower power, and smaller areas than conventional, complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Developing QCA circuits in a logically and physically reversible manner can provide exceptional reductions in energy dissipation. The main challenge is to maintain reversibility down to the physical level. A crucial component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) is the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which executes multiple logical and arithmetic functions on the data processed by the CPU. Current QCA ALU designs are either irreversible or logically reversible; however, they lack physical reversibility, a crucial requirement to increase energy efficiency. This paper shows a new multilayer design for a QCA ALU that can carry out 16 different operations and is both logically and physically reversible. The design is based on reversible majority gates, which are the key building blocks. We use QCADesigner-E software to simulate and evaluate energy dissipation. The proposed logically and physically reversible QCA ALU offers an improvement of 88.8% in energy efficiency. Compared to the next most efficient 16-operation QCA ALU, this ALU uses 51% fewer QCA cells and 47% less area.

A single platinum nanowire (PtNW) chemiresistive sensor for ethylene gas is reported. In this application, the PtNW performs three functions: (1) Joule self-heating to a specified temperature, (2) in situ resistance-based temperature measurement, and (3) detection of ethylene in air as a resistance change. Ethylene gas in air is detected as a reduction in nanowire resistance by up to 4.5% for concentrations ranging from 1 to 30 ppm in an optimum NW temperature range from 630 to 660 K. This response is rapid (30-100 s), reversible, and reproducible for repetitive ethylene pulses. A threefold increase in signal amplitude is observed as the NW thickness is reduced from 60 to 20 nm, commensurate with a signal transduction mechanism involving surface electron scattering.

While hormonal contraceptives are efficacious and available in several forms for women, perception of safety and concern over side effects are a deterrent for many. Existing non-hormonal contraceptives include permanent sterilization, copper intrauterine devices (IUDs), chemical/physical barriers such as spermicides and condoms, as well as traditional family planning methods including withdrawal and the rhythm method. Individuals who wish to retain their fertility in the future can achieve highest adherence and efficacy with long-acting, reversible contraceptives (LARCs), though there is only one, the copper IUD, that is non-hormonal. As rates of unintended pregnancies remain high with existing contraceptive options, it is becoming increasingly attractive to develop novel pregnancy prevention methods for both women and men. Non-hormonal contraceptives can target a variety of critical reproductive processes discussed here. This review focuses on identified non-hormonal contraceptive targets and subsequent drug candidates in development.

The Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) nonstructural protein 2 (nsP2) cysteine protease (EC 3.4.22.B79) is essential for viral replication. High throughput in silico/in vitro screening using a focused set of known cysteine protease inhibitors identified two epoxysuccinyl prodrugs, E64d and CA074 methyl ester (CA074me) and a reversible oxindole inhibitor. Here, we determined the X-ray crystal structure of the CA074-inhibited nsP2 protease and compared it with our E64d-inhibited structure. We found that the two inhibitors occupy different locations in the protease. We designed hybrid inhibitors with improved potency. Virus yield reduction assays confirmed that the viral titer was reduced by >5 logs with CA074me. Cell-based assays showed reductions in viral replication for CHIKV, VEEV, and WEEV, and weaker inhibition of EEEV by the hybrid inhibitors. The most potent was NCGC00488909-01 which had an EC 50 of 1.76 µM in VEEV-Trd-infected cells; the second most potent was NCGC00484087 with an EC 50 = 7.90 µM. Other compounds from the NCATS libraries such as the H1 antihistamine oxatomide (>5-log reduction), emetine, amsacrine an intercalator (NCGC0015113), MLS003116111-01, NCGC00247785-13, and MLS00699295-01 were found to effectively reduce VEEV viral replication in plaque assays. Kinetic methods demonstrated time-dependent inhibition by the hybrid inhibitors of the protease with NCGC00488909-01 (K i = 3 µM) and NCGC00484087 (K i = 5 µM). Rates of inactivation by CA074 in the presence of 6 mM CaCl 2 , MnCl 2 , or MgCl 2 were measured with varying concentrations of inhibitor, Mg 2+ and Mn 2+ slightly enhanced inhibitor binding (3 to 6-fold). CA074 inhibited not only the VEEV nsP2 protease but also that of CHIKV and WEEV.

Let I be a right (left) ideal of a ring R. Then R/I is a right (left) generalized m – flat modules (GmF – module) if and only if for each , there exist and a fixed positive integer m such that . We study characterization and properties this class of flat modules, and we give the relation between this class and generalized m- flat modules and m – regular rings, reduced rings, reversible rings and uniform rings.

Hypertensive encephalopathy (HE) is a subset of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. It typically involves the posterior supratentorial structures, but variations do occur. However, isolated brainstem involvement in HE is rare, with a few cases reported in the literature. Herein, we report a case of acute hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy in which the patient had mild symptoms with very high blood pressure and normal neurological examination. The computed tomography of the brain showed diffuse hypodensity at brainstem. The patient's symptoms improved drastically after hypertension had been controlled. Marked clinical-radiologic dissociation in this particular case was highly suggestive of hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy. Prompt recognition of the condition and aggressive treatment of hypertension in such patients is crucial to relieve oedema and to prevent life-threatening progression. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of awareness among physicians and radiologists regarding this rare clinical entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an amalgam of clinical and radiological entities, which is reversible if diagnosed and treated promptly. It is characterized by varying neurological manifestation of seizure, headache, visual loss with typical magnetic resonance imaging findings of symmetric distribution of changes involving the parietooccipital lobes, which reflects vasogenic edema. The common causes include hypertension, renal failure, eclampsia, preeclampsia, sepsis, diabetic ketoacidosis, sepsis, cytotoxic drugs, and autoimmune disorders. Although it has been reported in association with diabetic ketoacidosis in few cases, its association with hyperglycemia in the absence of any other clinical or metabolic derangements is extremely rare. We report here a case of reversible blindness caused by hyperglycemia-induced PRES in a 21-year-old female. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lurasidone is a newer drug used for treating schizophrenia and depression in bipolar disorder. Although comparatively safe, some side effects can occur with its use such as akathisia, extrapyramidal reaction, metabolic syndrome, and hyperprolactinemia. Blood dyscrasia with lurasidone is rarely reported in the literature except for few case reports. We present two cases of schizophrenia, treated with lurasidone developing anemia after variable period of treatment and reverting after stopping lurasidone. These cases emphasize the timely monitoring of blood parameters for prevention or early detection of anemia in patients treated with lurasidone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2002, just 2.4% of U.S. women using birth control were using long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods, such as the intrauterine device or the contraceptive implant. By 2014, about 14% of women using birth control reported LARC use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the existing block-wise lossless image authentication algorithms were inadequate in the division of image authentication blocks,a novel lossless image authentication algorithm based on adaptive combinations of image basic blocks was proposed.The image authentication block was composed of some basic image blocks by the source image characteristics and requirements of watermarking image fidelity,and the authentication code was generated by a digital signature algorithm and embedded into the authentication block via a lossless watermarking algorithm.Moreover,the robust transmission of the image ID was achieved via multi-embedding,and using the ID and authentication block ID the image authentication algorithm could prevent vector quantizationattack.Theoretical analyses and experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm not only improves the existing tamper localization accuracy but also has strong adaptability and can resist vector quantization attack.

The number of children with mild neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism, has been recently increasing in advanced countries. This increase is probably caused by environmental factors rather than genetic factors, because it is unlikely that genetic mutation rates suddenly increased within a short period. Epigenetics is a mechanism that regulates gene expression, depending not on the underlying DNA sequence but on the chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins. Because mental stress can alter the epigenetic status in neuronal cells, environmental factors may alter brain function through epigenetic changes. However, one advantage of epigenetic changes is their reversibility. Therefore, diseases due to abnormal epigenetic regulation are theoretically treatable. In fact, several drugs for treating mental diseases are known to have restoring effects on aberrant epigenetic statuses, and a novel therapeutic strategy targeting gene has been developed. In this review, we discuss epigenetic mechanisms of congenital and acquired neurodevelopmental disorders, drugs with epigenetic effects, novel therapeutic strategies for epigenetic diseases, and future perspectives in epigenetic medicine.

Background: Hernia is an abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through a defect in its surrounding walls which most commonly involves the abdominal wall, particularly the inguinal region. The treatment options for hernia ranges from simple exercises to modern surgeries. The effect of yoga therapy is not scientifically examined for reversible inguinal hernia and hence this study is undertaken with the aim to test the effect of selected asanas in reversible inguinal hernia. Materials and Methods: A quasi experimental trail of 19 males through consecutive sampling was done with selected asanas for three months and the outcome was measured by a questionnaire focusing on pain, aggravating factors, relieving factors and frequency of occurrence of symptoms of hernia. Results: The pre and post interventional data were compared statistically and found significant reduction of symptoms with P≤0.001 in pain, frequency of occurrence and aggravating factors. The relieving factors showed significant increase with P≤0.001. Conclusion: Yoga therapy with selected asanas is effective in the treatment of reversible inguinal hernia.

Reversible thermochromic paper able to resist counterfeiting was prepared by adding reversible thermochromic microcapsules (RTM) to a slurry of cellulosic fibers, a process that is difficult to imitate. However, the loss of RTM is one of the biggest problems that inhibits industrial use of this approach. So, the retention of RTM in pulp was investigated. The RTM was synthesized by in-situ polymerization, and its properties were characterized. It exhibited strong color contrast between cool and heated conditions, and such behavior could be used to achieve distinctive anticounterfeiting characteristics in the paper. The surface of each microcapsule was smooth, and there was no coherence between particles. The diameters of the microcapsules were mainly in the range 3.0 μm to 5.0 μm. Retention of RTM was closely related to beating degree and pulp composition; the higher the beating degree and hardwood pulp content, the higher the retention of RTM. On the other hand, the retention of RTM was influenced by filler and retention aid. Retention aid promoted retention of RTM to some degree; however, filler was not conductive to retention of RTM. Different addition sequences between RTM and filler or retention aid also influenced the retention of RTM.

Young onset dementia is a challenge. We describe a case, where a patient presented with psychosis, dementia and MRI showing pulvinar sign, all of this typical of variant Cruetzfelt Jacob disease (CJD). Subsequent investigations lead to the diagnosis of a treatable illness and patient was improved and MRI sign reversed, underlining again the importance of search needed for treatable diseases in any "typical" case of fatal illness.

The Clement-Desormes experiment is reviewed. By reason of a finite difference between the pressure within the system and its surroundings, Bertrand and McDonald have criticized the usual consideration of the adiabatic expansion as reversible. Garland, Nibler and Shoemaker oppose, defining regions through virtual boundaries where the surroundings do not operate. For Holden, the use of virtual boundaries is expendable. Experiments cannot support a hypothesis testing due to experiment's intrinsic uncertainty. The role of polytropy in uncertainty is discussed. Both thermodynamic definitions and kinetic model depict the real processes as irreversible phenomena and the reversible ones as a limiting hypothetical case.

• A new mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe ZZY for the reversible recognition of SO 2 and FA was developed. • Probe ZZY showed good spectral performance for the reversible recognition of SO 2 and FA. • Probe ZZY exhibited low cytotoxicity and could be used to image SO 2 and FA reversibly in mitochondria. Sulfur dioxide (SO 2) and formaldehyde (FA) are the main contaminants emitted by factories and their interaction could produce secondary organic aerosols which are harmful to human health. In biological systems, SO 2 and FA levels are closely associated with many biological diseases. To explore the specific functions played by SO 2 and FA in vivo, a new fluorescent probe ZZY that can reversibly recognize SO 2 and FA in mitochondria was devised and synthesized. Probe ZZY showed advantages of great selectivity, good sensitivity and low cytotoxicity and the detection limit is 0.447 μM of SO 2. In addition, probe ZZY could reversibly recognize SO 2 and FA. More importantly, the probe showed good biocompatibility and could successfully perform reversible imaging of SO 2 and FA in mitochondria of living cells. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Redox homeostasis is the guarantee for the normal operation of living organisms. Given its importance, monitoring dynamic changes of redox state will facilitate the study of relevant physiological and pathological processes. Herein, a two-photon fluorescent probe NA-Se with selenomorpholine as the response site has been developed for reversible detection of redox state. NA-Se exhibits outstanding analytical performance, including a rapid response to ClO− within 8 s, a detection limit as low as 13.3 nM, and at least 10 redox reversible cycles. Furthermore, NA-Se has improved water solubility and extremely low cytotoxicity, making it ideal for bioimaging. Finally, NA-Se has been successfully applied to monitor the ClO−/GSH redox cycle in living cells and zebrafish. This work may provide an effective tool for studying redox state and related diseases in vivo. [Display omitted] • A redox reversible two-photon fluorescent probe NA-Se was designed and synthesized. • NA-Se has outstanding performance in response rate, reversibility, sensitivity, and biocompatibility. • NA-Se is capable of monitoring redox state in living cells and zebrafish. • NA-Se should contribute to the study of redox-related physiological and pathological processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • An ESIPT-based reversible ratiometric fluorescent probe was first prepared. • It showed reversible ratiometric response for HOCl/H 2 S with large emission shift (110 nm). • It can quickly, selectively, and sensitively monitor HOCl/H 2 S redox cycle. • It can be utilized for ratiometric imaging HClO/H 2 S redox cycle in living cell. HClO and H 2 S, as two kinds of crucial small biomolecules, are endowed various roles in biological organisms. The redox balance between HClO and H 2 S is closely related to the physiological and pathological processes. Thus, it is significant to monitor the redox process between HClO and H 2 S. Inspired by the advantages of ratiometric fluorescent probes, we firstly developed a reversible ratiometric fluorescent probe (BT-Se) for HClO and H 2 S via combination of phenyl selenide as the response group and 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole dye as the fluorophore. The proposed probe BT-Se could detect HClO with well-separated dual emission (110 nm), fast response, good selectivity and sensitivity owing to the oxidation reaction of the Se atom induced by HClO. Moreover, only H 2 S could effectively recover the fluorescence of the detection system to the original state via H 2 S induced-reduction of selenoxide. Cell imaging studies demonstrated that the probe BT-Se was capable of ratiometric monitoring the changes of intracellular HClO/H 2 S, which suggested that it has great potential for researching the biological functions of HClO and H 2 S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu 2+ is an essential trace element for the organism, but its excess can also cause irreversible damage to the organism. As such, a "Turn-Off" fluorescent probe DPAP for the specific detection of Cu 2+ was successfully constructed. DPAP exhibits large Stokes shift (120 nm), fast reaction speed (1 min), low detection limit (15.2 nM), low toxicity, and good cell permeability. Cu 2+ quenches the fluorescence of DPAP by blocking its intramolecular charge transfer process to achieve the detection of Cu 2+ and has been confirmed by HRMS, 1 H NMR and DFT calculations. Excitingly, the five-cycle detection of Cu 2+ and the successful recovery of trace Cu 2+ in environmental water samples fully demonstrate the potential of DPAP for practical applications. In particular, DPAP can observe the distribution and translocation patterns of exogenous Cu 2+ in HeLa cells and zebrafish in real-time. This research concept has offered important theoretical support for the study of the environmental behavior of heavy metal ions., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Case Series Summary: Positioning head tilt (PHT) is a dynamic neurological sign in which the head tilts to the opposite side to which it is moving. This sign is triggered in response to head movement and is thought to be due to the lack of inhibition of vestibular nuclei by the cerebellar nodulus and uvula (NU). The occurrence of PHT in animals has been suggested to be an indicator of NU dysfunction. Here, we describe the acute onset of PHT in 14 cats. All the cats were diagnosed with hypokalaemic myopathy caused by a range of pathologies. The PHT resolved along with other signs related to myopathy, such as cervical flexion and generalised weakness, after electrolyte correction in all cats., Relevance and Novel Information: Hypokalaemic myopathy was the likely cause of PHT in the present feline cases.

Purpose: This study aimed to define the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of reversible acute liver failure (ALF) of infancy resulting from biallelic pathogenic TRMU variants and determine the role of cysteine supplementation in its treatment., Methods: Individuals with biallelic (likely) pathogenic variants in TRMU were studied within an international retrospective collection of de-identified patient data., Results: In 62 individuals, including 30 previously unreported cases, we described 47 (likely) pathogenic TRMU variants, of which 17 were novel, and 1 intragenic deletion. Of these 62 individuals, 42 were alive at a median age of 6.8 (0.6-22) years after a median follow-up of 3.6 (0.1-22) years. The most frequent finding, occurring in all but 2 individuals, was liver involvement. ALF occurred only in the first year of life and was reported in 43 of 62 individuals; 11 of whom received liver transplantation. Loss-of-function TRMU variants were associated with poor survival. Supplementation with at least 1 cysteine source, typically N-acetylcysteine, improved survival significantly. Neurodevelopmental delay was observed in 11 individuals and persisted in 4 of the survivors, but we were unable to determine whether this was a primary or a secondary consequence of TRMU deficiency., Conclusion: In most patients, TRMU-associated ALF was a transient, reversible disease and cysteine supplementation improved survival., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

For decades, the spontaneous organization of nanocrystals into superlattices has captivated the scientific community. However, achieving direct control over the formation of the superlattice and its phase transformations has proven to be a grand challenge, often resulting in the generation of multiple symmetries under the same experimental conditions. Here, we achieve direct control over the formation of the superlattice and its phase transformations by modulating the thermal energy of a nanocrystal dispersion without relying on solvent evaporation. We follow the temperature-dependent dynamics of the self-assembly process using synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering. When cooled below -24.5 °C, lead sulfide nanocrystals form micrometer-sized three-dimensional phase-pure body-centered cubic superlattices. When cooled below -35.1 °C, these superlattices undergo a collective diffusionless phase transformation that yields denser body-centered tetragonal phases. These structural changes can be reversed by increasing the temperature of the dispersion and may lead to the direct modulation of the optical properties of these artificial solids.

This work describes a strategy not only to isolate a dynamically stable radical with physical property tunability, but to efficiently regulate the radical dissociation with reversibility and photo controllability. The addition of Lewis acid B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 (BCF) into the solution of a radical σ-dimer (1-1) led to a stable radical (1⋅-2B), which has been characterized by EPR spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction, in conjunction with theoretical calculation. The radical species is stabilized mainly by captodative effect, single electron transfer and steric effect. The absorption maximum of the radical can be tuned by using different Lewis acids. Dimer 1-1 can be achieved back by addition of a stronger base into the solution of 1⋅-2B, exhibiting a reversible process. By introducing a photo BCF generator, the dissociation of the dimer and the formation of the radical adduct become photocontrollable., (© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Adverse reactions and toxicity inevitably accompany all treatment courses for drug-resistant TB. Our case underscores the importance of awareness regarding neuropsychiatric adverse reactions due to MDR-TB therapy and reversible nature of it. Cycloserine induced psychosis is most life threatening complication and sometimes could be fatal. A 42-year-old male on MDR-TB therapy got admitted for his persistent psychotic complaints like hallucinations, delusions and suicidal ideations, despite being treated with quetiapine/olanzapine. Eventually patient was rehabilitated, cycloserine was stopped and psychotic events regressed slowly. Other culprit drugs like ethambutol and levofloxacin causing psychosis was ruled out because there was no relapse of psychotic events despite being continued with these drugs. He also complained of tingling, numbness, swaying, pain and weakness. On examination, he had distal motor weakness in lower limbs, tandem gait positive, altered position sense, and tenderness over toes and positive Romberg’s sign with ataxia. He was diagnosed to have drug induced sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy. All these symptoms persisted after stopping cycloserine and patient continued to have neuropathy with ethambutol and ethionamide. Considering the nature of neuropathy which was mild, mixed sensorimotor and resolved completely after 2-3 weeks of stopping, it was more in favour of ethambutol. However, we could not rule out the possibility of ethionamide or (ethionamide + ethambutol) causing neuropathy or both could have accelerated the neurotoxic effects of cycloserine which remained elusive.

Stimuli-responsive supramolecular materials are of paramount importance for a broad range of applications. It is essential to impart versatility, sustainability, and scalability into these materials. Herein the authors report the design and synthesis of a new class of thermochromic supramolecular materials, which can easily be processed from water via a reversible sol-gel transition. The supramolecular materials are composed of a bis-bipyridinium acceptor, a π-electron-rich naphthalene derivative donor, and halogen counterions. Long helical nanofibers can be assembled in water, gelating at room temperature. Inked designs, thin films, and aerogels are solution-processed to exhibit thermochromic behavior based on competing π → π* and n → π* charge transfer interactions. By using different π-electron rich donors, and counterions, the authors demonstrate that both the color observed at room temperature and at high temperatures can be tailored. The results open up the door to develop novel amphiphile-based thermochromes with water processability and a large tunable color palette. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Related to the study of Hilbert's infinitesimal problem, is the problem of determining the existence and estimating the number of limit cycles of the linear perturbation of Hamiltonian fields. A classification of the elliptic foliations in the projective plane induced by the fields obtained by quadratic fields with center was already studied by several authors. In this work, we devise a unified proof of the classification of elliptic foliations induced by quadratic fields with center. This technique involves using a formula due to Cerveau & Lins Neto to calculate the genus of the generic fiber of a first integral of foliations of these kinds. Furthermore, we show that these foliations induce several examples of linear families of foliations which are not bimeromorphically equivalent to certain remarkable examples given by Lins Neto. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of surface science, surface with special wettability, such as reversible or gradient, gradually becomes the focus of the field of science now. Here, via a facile, green organic solvent-free route, we have fabricated superhydrophobic hybrid MWCNTs membrane on mixed cellulose ester filter with great flexibility and tailorability. Importantly, induced by acetic acid vapour and NH 3 vapour without external energy, wettability of it can be reversibly switched between superhydrophobic (low adhesion) to hydrophobic (high adhesion). Furthermore, hybrid MWCNTs membrane can achieve diverse range of gradient wettability. The principle of theory behind phenomenon also has been explained through surface chemical composition and microscopic surface topography by means of Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transformer infrared spectra (FTIR) spectroscopy. This work has solved some critical problems in this field. The limitations and potential application of our work also be summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we are concerned with the relationship between occupancy problems and the Poisson distribution with reference to Markov chains. A Markov chain for an occupancy problem arising in statistical physics is modified for application to a problem in demography with reference to the distribution of household size. A possible application of the original chain from physics to Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation of households is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fabrication of smart films with reversible wettability enabled by the stimulus-induced morphology changes has attracted growing interest but remains a challenge. Here we report a smart film that can reversibly changes its wettability between transparent hydrophobicity to translucent superhydrophobicity through the humidity-induced wrinkling/de-wrinkling process. The film was fabricated by depositing hydrophobic SiO nanoparticles (NPs) on poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) films, followed by partially exfoliating the films from the underlying substrates. The partially exfoliated PAA/PAH film can reversibly wrinkle and de-wrinkle when being alternately subjected to humid and dry environments. The deposition of hydrophobic SiO NPs on the wrinkling PAA/PAH film does not hinder the humidity-enabled wrin-kling/de-wrinkling ability of the composite film. The hydrophobic SiO NPs and the underlying humidity-wrinkling PAA/PAH film enable the composite film to spontaneously change from hydrophobic and transparent to superhydrophobic and translucent with the rise of environmental humidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]