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The emphasis in this thesis is on the development of wear resistant materials by laser melting. Furthermore, the principle aim is to search for the dislocation characteristics common to the wear process in heterogeneous materials. ... Zie: Summary

Three sandy soils differing in humus content and three clay soils differing in clay content were supplied with heavy metals to determine which loading rate of each single metal should be regarded as critical from the viewpoint of crop yield and metal content dependent on soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), which in USDA recommendations is used as a measure of the loading capacity of soils with heavy metals

De elektronenstructuur van een materiaal bepaalt in belangrijke mate de fysische en chemische eigenschappen. Om een beter inzicht te krijgen in deze eigenschappen is het nodig de elektronenstructuur te kennen. De atomen in een vaste stof bestaan uit een kern met daaromheen de elektronen. Deze elektronen kunnen onderverdeeld worden in rompelektronen, die sterk gebonden zijn aan de kern , en valentie elektronen die relatief zwak gebonden zijn. Deze valentie elektronen zorgen voor de onderlinge samenhang van de atomen. ... Zie: Samenvatting

Rapportage over de toepassing van ICP-AES op het RIKILT. Bij ICP-AES worden twee manieren van lichtemissie detectie toegepast nl. simultaan en sequentieel. De voor- en nadelen van ICP-AES t.o.v. AAS worden op een rij gezet.

The adsorption of cadmium by twelve Dutch soils was investigated under widely varying circumstances. The adsorption can be described with the Freundlich equation; the parameters of this equation can be predicted using the properties of the soil (pH, organic carbon and clay content).The adsorption appeared to be sensitive to the ionic strength , complexation, pH, type of anion which is present and competition of calcium ions in the solution. An emperical equation describing the adsorptive factors mentioned before was derived.The competition of other heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) appears to be considerable, especially at high metal contents.Using the estimated parameters the emperical equation gives a good prediction of the adsorption of cadmium by widely differing soils under varying circumstances.Because of the large influence of the solid phase composition and the environmental conditions on the adsorptive behaviour of cadmium one has to be very careful with basing a regulation for cadmium on the total cadmium content of the soil.

Three sandy soils differing in humus content and three clay soils differing in clay content were supplied with heavy metals to determine which loading rate of each single metal should be regarded as critical from the viewpoint of crop yield and metal content dependent on soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), which in USDA recommendations is used as a measure of the loading capacity of soils with heavy metals

In dit proefschrift worden de structuurveranderingen ten gevolge van stralingsschade behandeld, in het bijzonder schade ontstaan door implantatie van zware deeltjes in fcc metalen. Gedetailleerde kennis van deze structuurveranderingen is van belang gezien de grote en soms gunstige invloed hiervan op de materiaaleigenschappen. Het is bekend, dat men door implantatie in een zeer dunne oppervlaktelaag de mechanische eigenschappen van metalen, b.v. de oppervlakte hardheid, de slijtagevastheid en de corrosievastheid, en mogelijk ook de vermoeiingslevensduur sterk kan beinvloeden. ... Zie: Samenvatting

It is shown in section 7.1. that the influence of topological disorder on the range of magnetic interactions in ferromagnetic transition metal-metalloid (TM-M) glasses, is much less than often assumed. This is demonstrated via a study of the temperature dependence of the average iron hyperfine field H(T) in TM-M glasses assuming that H(T) is proportional to the average spontanuous magnetization M(T) not only at T=o but for o

This thesis consists of two parts. In the first an investigation is described of magnetic hyperfine fields of the s-type impurity atoms Zr, Cs, Ba and La in Fe and Ni. These eLements have a very low solubility in Fe and Ni, and, thereforer can not be introduced in the host metals by normal methods such as altoying or diffusion. Instead, they were implanted as radio-active ions with the aid of an isotope separator or by the recoil transferred in a nuclear reaction. ... Zie: Summary