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This paper demonstrates effectiveness of training of Fuzzy Spline Curve Identifier (FSCI) using a fuzzy neural network. FSCI was proposed as a primitive curve identification system designed to establish a general-purpose freehand interface for computer aided drawing (CAD) systems. It succeeded in distinguishing a freehand drawing into seven kinds of primitive curves which are indispensable for use in CAD. The key was the introduction of a fuzzy reasoning which embodied a strategy to try to find the simplest primitive curves in drawing. A trainable version of FSCI was then proposed, by introducing a structured fuzzy neural network, in order that it would acquire learning ability to adapt itself to individual drawing manner. This paper sets up some experiment on FSCI and demonstrates the effectiveness of the training by evaluating curve class recognition rates. Furthermore, through some considerations on a concrete example of the training, it shows that the introduced fuzzy neural network is informative for us to analyze users' drawing manner and also the identification characteristics of FSCI., 特集 : 「産業におけるソフトコンピューティングに関する国際会議'99」発表論文選集

The purpose of this study is to detect eye-gazing points during driving a wheelchair through the image sequence analysis of video frames. The performances can be measured without restrictions of specific devices such as any accesories and sensors, which were put on a body. Images obtained with three video cameras allow the algorithm to extract four feature points on a face and irises. Their three-dimensional positions were estimated through direct linear transformation (DLT) technique with magnification of a facial image through multi resolution analysis. The direction of a face was estimated via three-dimensional positions of the former, and it defined the facial coordinate. On the other hand, the eye-gazing point was evaluated through three-dimensional positions of the latter. Consequently, Some preliminary results were presented to illustrate the difference in variations with the eye-gazing point between driving a wheelchair and walking.

This paper proposes a conceptual design of a new intuitive CAD interface for three-dimensional pattern primitive input on the basis of a spatial gesture identification. Then, a three-dimensional version of freehand drawlng identincation technique named FSCI-3D, the core technology of the proposed interface, is derived as an extension of the two-dimensional version of the technique that we have previously proposed. Finally, FSCI-3D is actualized in an immersive virtual reality environment to demonstrate its basic operation., 特集 : 平成9年度学内特定研究の報告

Pressue at the human interface is generally considered to be an important parameter in comfort evaluations. However, the ideal pressure distribution for a given application has yet to be validated. In this paper, the spatial summation theory for sensation has been extented to the limit when discomfort sets in to explain the sensation changes that occur when wearing footwear. The maximum pressure tolerance has been used to show how discomfort is affected by contact area

In this work, a grip force dynamometer composed of pressure-sensitive conductive rubber was used to study the sensibility characteristics for grasping of a solid cylinder. The mechanical and physical parameters for ten normal male subjects (aged between 22 and 26) were measured at various cylinder diameters and weights. In addition, a direct linear transformation technique employing a video camera system was developed to determine the finger joint motion used to grasp the cylinder. The experimental results showed that the frictional coefficien of a palm is significantly dependent upon the deform ability of the soft tissue of the palm. It was found that the optimum cylinder diameter for easy grasping is nearly equal to the inner grip diameter formed by the fingers.

This paper is concerned with biomechanical analysis of the motion characteristics for grasping a solid cylinder. Contact pressure and surface electromyogram (surface EMG) of muscle flexor digitorum superficialis during grip motion were measured using a contact pressure measurement system with pressure-sensitive conductive rubber sensors and an electromyograph, respectively. In addition, direct linear transformation (DLT) technique with a video camera system is used to analyze three-dimensional joint motion of fingers. It was found that the tips of middle finger, ring finger and thumb are mainly used to stably grip the cylinder. The experimental results also showed that grip pressure increased with an increase in the weight of the cylinder with a constant diameter.

Appendix E videotape located at DKL-119 call number VHS 5000064, This thesis addresses the problem that virtual environments (VE's) do not possess a practical, intuitive, and comfortable interface that allows a user to control a virtual human's movements in real-time. Such a device would give the user the feeling of being immersed in the virtual world, greatly expanding the usability of today's virtual environments. The approach was to develop an interface for the upper body, since it is through this part of users' anatomy that they interact most with their environment. Lower body motion can be more easily scripted. Implementation includes construction of a kinematic model of the upper body. The model is then manipulated in real-time with inputs from electromagnetic motion tracking sensors places on the user. Research resulted in an interface that is easy to use and allows its user limited interaction with a VE. The device takes approximately one sixth the time to don and calibrate as do mechanical interfaces with similar capability. It tracks thirteen degrees of freedom. Upper body position is tracked, allowing the users to move through the VE. Users can orient their upper body and control the movements of one arm. Uncorrected position data from two trackers was used to generate clavicle joint angles. Difficulty in controlling figure motion indicates that the sensors used lack sufficient registration for this purpose. Therefore, the interface software uses only orientation data for computing joint angles., http://archive.org/details/immersivearticul00skop, Major, United States Marine Corps, Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.