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CHD8 is an ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factor whose monoallelic mutation defines a subtype of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Previous work found that CHD8 is required for the maintenance of hematopoiesis by integrating ATM-P53-mediated survival of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Here, by using Chd8F/FMx1-Cre combined with a Trp53F/F mouse model that suppresses apoptosis of Chd8-/- HSPCs, we identify CHD8 as an essential regulator of erythroid differentiation. Chd8-/-P53-/- mice exhibited severe anemia conforming to congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) phenotypes. Loss of CHD8 leads to drastically decreased numbers of orthochromatic erythroblasts and increased binucleated and multinucleated basophilic erythroblasts with a cytokinesis failure in erythroblasts. CHD8 binds directly to the gene bodies of multiple Rho GTPase signaling genes in erythroblasts, and loss of CHD8 results in their dysregulated expression, leading to decreased RhoA and increased Rac1 and Cdc42 activities. Our study shows that autism-associated CHD8 is essential for erythroblast cytokinesis.

Academic cheating is common, but little is known about its early emergence. It was examined among Chinese second to sixth graders (N = 2094; 53% boys, collected between 2018 and 2019) using a machine learning approach. Overall, 25.74% reported having cheated, which was predicted by the best machine learning algorithm (Random Forest) at a mean accuracy of 81.43%. Cheating was most strongly predicted by children's beliefs about the acceptability of cheating and the observed prevalence and frequency of peer cheating at school. These findings provide important insights about the early development of academic cheating, and how to promote academic integrity and limit cheating before it becomes entrenched. The present research demonstrates that machine learning can be effectively used to analyze developmental data.

Switchable radiative cooling based on the phase-change material vanadium dioxide (VO2) automatically modulates thermal emission in response to varying ambient temperature. However, it is still challenging to achieve constant indoor temperature control solely using a VO2-based radiative cooling system, especially at low ambient temperatures. Here, we propose a reverse-switching VO2-based radiative cooling system, assisting indoor air conditioning to obtain precise indoor temperature control. Unlike previous VO2-based radiative cooling systems, the reverse VO2-based radiative cooler turns on radiative cooling at low ambient temperatures and turns off radiative cooling at high ambient temperatures, thereby synchronizing its cooling modes with the heating and cooling cycles of the indoor air conditioning during the actual process of precise temperature control. Calculations demonstrate that our proposed VO2-based radiative cooling system significantly reduces the energy consumption by nearly 30 % for heating and cooling by indoor air conditioning while maintaining a constant indoor temperature, even surpassing the performance of an ideal radiative cooler. This work advances the intelligent thermal regulation of radiative cooling in conjunction with the traditional air conditioning technology.

A dual-signal fluorescent aptasensor based on gold nanoflower (AuFL) was constructed for the simultaneous detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEN). Single-stranded DNA containing OTA and ZEN aptamers were covalently cross-linked on the surface of AuFL as a nanocarrier and hybridized with complementary DNA labeled with two fluorescent dyes (FAM and Cy3) to prepare a DNA functionalized nanoprobe. Because of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the fluorescent dyes and AuFL, the nanoprobe itself had no fluorescence. When OTA and ZEN were added, FAM and Cy3 were shed from the probe’s surface, disturbing the FRET process and consequently restoring the fluorescence of both fluorescent dyes. Under optimized conditions, the linear range was from 0.05 to 500 ng/mL, and the detection limit was 0.017 ng/mL for OTA; the linear range was from 0.1 to 500 ng/mL, and the detection limit was 0.033 ng/mL for ZEN. The dual-signal fluorescent aptasensor had good selectivity and reproducibility and was successfully applied to the detection of OTA and ZEN in real wine samples.

Abstract B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene (BAG) family genes play prominent roles in regulating plant growth, development, and stress response. Although the molecular mechanism underlying BAG’s response to abiotic stress has been studied in Arabidopsis, the function of OsBAG underlying saline-alkaline stress tolerance in rice remains unclear. In this study, OsBAG6, a chaperone regulator localized to mitochondria, was identified as a novel negative regulator of saline-alkaline stress tolerance in rice. The expression level of OsBAG6 was induced by high concentration of salt, high pH, heat and abscisic acid treatments. Overexpression of OsBAG6 in rice resulted in significantly reduced plant heights, grain size, grain weight, as well as higher sensitivity to saline-alkaline stress. By contrast, the osbag6 loss-of-function mutants exhibited decreased sensitivity to saline-alkaline stress. The transcriptomic analysis uncovered differentially expressed genes related to the function of “response to oxidative stress”, “defense response”, and “secondary metabolite biosynthetic process” in the shoots and roots of OsBAG6-overexpressing transgenic lines. Furthermore, cytoplasmic levels of Ca2+ increase rapidly in plants exposed to saline-alkaline stress. OsBAG6 bound to calcium sensor OsCaM1-1 under normal conditions, which was identified by comparative interactomics, but not in the presence of elevated Ca2+. Released OsCaM1-1 saturated with Ca2+ is then able to regulate downstream stress-responsive genes as part of the response to saline-alkaline stress. OsBAG6 also interacted with energy biosynthesis and metabolic pathway proteins that are involved in plant growth and saline-alkaline stress response mechanisms. This study reveals a novel function for mitochondrial localized OsBAG6 proteins in the saline-alkaline stress response alongside OsCaM1-1.

Objective To analyze the research status of group psychological training in the field of psychological training using bibliometric methods, predict future research hotspots and development trends, and summarize the shortcomings in group psychological training. Methods Chinese literature related to group psychological training from 2003 to 2022 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang), and the VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database. Qualified literature was selected using NoteExpress V3.9, and the publication volume and journals of the qualified literature were statistically described using Excel. VOSviewer 1.6.18 was used to draw a co-authorship density view of core authors, and CiteSpace 6.1.R6 was used to draw co-occurrence maps, keyword clustering, timeline, and burst analysis for visualization analysis. Results In the 3 major Chinese databases, a total of 4 757 qualified articles were included. The overall publication volume showed a slow growth trend, with medical and educational journals being the main publication outlets. Journal of Chinese Health Psychology got the top in highest number of publications, reaching 171 articles. A total of 173 core authors and representative research teams such as Yang Guoyu, Li Na, Wang Ping and Zhang Yan were identified. Co-occurrence and clustering analysis of keywords showed a focus on empirical intervention research. Keyword burst analysis indicated that themes such as quality of life, psychological state, social functioning, negative emotions, and psychological resilience were the research directions of group psychological training. Group intervention research emerged as a research hotspot, representing the future development trend of psychological training. Conclusion The research hotspots of group psychological training mainly include group psychological counseling, group psychological therapy, group psychological consultation, and group psychological training. They are reflected in areas such as college students, mental health education, positive psychology, anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships, and psychological qualities, and have obtained certain stage achievemets. However, further exploration and improvement are still needed in theoretical research, research methods, long-term tracking and evaluation, integration of theory and practice, and interdisciplinary cooperation.

Objective To develop a training scheme of psychological training for the developmental group of army sergeants and explore the intervention efficacy of the scheme on their psychological health. Methods Delphi method was used to construct a psychological training program for the developmental group of army sergeants. Eighty army sergeants were recruited as the research subjects, and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 40 individuals in each group. The experimental group received 10 sessions (90~120 min per session) of group psychological training based on our training program, while the control group received regular psychological health education and political education. The training effects were evaluated using the Self-Rating Depression Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Brief Coping Style Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Big Five Personality Inventory, and Self-Evaluation Questionnaire for Group Psychological Training before and in 1 week after the training. Results ① Our training program consisted of 3 units and 8 themes. The first unit focused on self-development, including self-awareness, self-acceptance, and self-growth. The second unit focused on emotion and stress management, including emotion regulation and stress management. The third unit focused on social development, including interpersonal communication, relationship adjustment, and career planning. ② After the training, the experimental group had significantly decreased scores of PHQ and GAD (P < 0.05), and the PHQ score was obviously lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). ③ The total score of psychological resilience, as well as the sub-scales of toughness, strength, and optimism, significantly increased in the experimental group (P < 0.05), and were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). ④ After the training, the dimension of friend support in social support was significantly increased in the experimental group (P < 0.05) and it was notably higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). ⑤ The positive coping score was significantly increased in the experimental group after the training (P < 0.05). ⑥ The extraversion dimension of the Big Five Personality Inventory was significantly increased in the experimental group after the training (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our training scheme for army sergeants can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression, increase positive coping styles, enhance psychological resilience, friend support in social support, and extraversion in the Big Five Personality.